The 6Th Training Course for Island and Coastal Biosphere Reserve Managers

Program

09:30 – 10:00 Registration & Orientation

Welcoming speech by Director of Hallasan Research Department, 10:00 – 10:20 World Heritage Oﬃce

10:20 – 10:40 Coﬀee Break

Introduction to World Network of Island and Coastal Biosphere Reserves & 10:40 – 11:00 Jeju Island Biosphere Reserve Kwang-Sub Jang, Team Manager of Jeju Secretariat

Research Proposal for the title of the 3rd Stage: the Value of Island and 11:00 – 12:00 Coastal Biosphere Reserves as a Source of Carbon Sink Dai-Yeun Jeong, Acting Director of Jeju Secretariat

12:00 – 13:30 Lunch

Presentations on Biosphere Reserve Management Policy (Part 1/3BRs) (1) Peninsula de Guanahacabibes BR in Cuba - Osmani Borrego Fernandez 13:30 – 15:00 (2) Wakatobi BR in Indonesia - Heri Santoso (3) Pemba-Cabo Delgado BR in Mozambique - Celia Zelia Judite Calanje Mtambo Augusto

The Ethics of Biodiversity 15:00 – 16:00 Prof. Do-Soon Cho, Chair of MAB National Committee of Republic of Korea

16:00 – 16:20 Coﬀee Break

Presentations on Biosphere Reserve Management Policy (Part 2/3BRs) (1) St. Mary’s BR in St. Kitts and Nevis - Markysa O’Loughlin 16:20 – 18:00 (2) Nanji Islands BR in China - Shangwei Xie (3) Sahamalaza-Iles Radama BR in Madagascar - Christian Olivier Mahefa

18:00 - 20:00 Dinner

- 3 - Presentations on Biosphere Reserve Management Policy (Part 3/3BRs) (1) The Commander Islands Nature and Biosphere Reserve in Russia 09:30 – 11:00 - Anastasia Barsukova (2) Socotra Island in Yemen - Salem Ahmed Saeed Hamdiah (3) Cape West Coast in South Africa - Lizelle Koen Residents’ Participation in the Protected Areas and Brand Use 11:00 – 12:00 Je-ryang Ko, President of the Jeju Ecotourism Association 12:00 – 13:30 Lunch

Presentations on Biosphere Reserve Management Policy (Part 4/2BRs) 13:30 – 15:00 (1) Nam Ha NBCA in Laos - Virasith Phomsouvanh (2) Palawan in the Philippines - Ian Christian Vega

15:00 – 15:20 Coﬀee Break Workshop 15:20 – 17:00 BR Branding, Education andE co-tourism 17:00 – 18:00 Evaluation Meeting* 18:00 – 20:00 Dinner

* E valuation and Feedback : After the training course, all participants are required to submit the report on training programme satisfaction, perceived usefulness, and the learning outcomes, etc. until 31 October, 2018.

09:00 - 10:00 Move to Jeju BR Eco-village, Harye-ri Visit to Jeju BR Eco-village, Harye-ri 10:00 – 12:30 - Trekking and hands-on experiences 12:30 - 13:30 Lunch 13:30 - 14:00 Move to ICC Jeju World Leaders Conservation Forum 14:00 – 15:00 - Promotion booth of MAB National Committee 15:00 - 15:30 Move to Yongmeori Coast 15:30 - 16:30 Yongmeori Tuﬀ Ring 16:30 - 17:30 Move to Jeju Local Food Market 17:30 - 18:00 Jeju Local Food Market 18:00 - 20:00 Dinner

- 4 - Contents

Introduction to World Network of Island and Coastal Biosphere Reserves & Jeju Island Biosphere Reserve 7 - Kwang-Sub Jang, Team Manager of Jeju Secretariat

Lecture I] Research Proposal for the title of the 3rd Stage: the Value of Island and Coastal Biosphere Reserves as a Source of Carbon Sink 23 - Dr. Dai-Yeun Jeong, Acting director of Jeju Secretariat

Lecture II] The Ethics of Biodiversity 35 - Prof. Do-Soon Cho, Chair of MAB National Committee of Republic of Korea

Lecture III] Residents’ Participation in the protected areas and brand use 39 - Je-ryang Ko, President of the Jeju Ecotourism Association

Presentations on Biosphere Reserve Management Policy · Peninsula de Guanahacabibes BR in Cuba - Osmani Borrego Fernandez 85 · Wakatobi BR in Indonesia - Heri Santoso 97 · Pemba-Cabo Delgado BR in Mozambique - Celia Zelia Judite Calanje Mtambo Augusto 107 · St. Mary’s BR in St. Kitts and Nevis - Markysa O’Loughlin 125 · Nanji Islands BR in China - Shangwei Xie 149 · Sahamalaza-Iles Radama BR in Madagascar - Christian Olivier Mahefa 161 · The Commander Islands Nature and Biosphere Reserve in Russia - Anastasia Barsukova 167 · Socotra Island BR in Yemen - Salem Ahmed Saeed Hamdiah 175 · Cape West Coast BR in South Africa - Lizelle Koen 191 · Nam Ha NBCA in Laos - Virasith Phomsouvanh 205 · Palawan BR in the Philippines - Ian Christian Vega 209

- 5 -

The 6th Training Course for Island and Coastal Biosphere Reserve Managers

Introduction to WNICBR & Jeju Island Biosphere Reserve

Kwang-Sub Jang

- 7 -

Introduction to WNICBR & Jeju Island Biosphere Reserve

Jeju Secretariat of WNICBR

Overview of World Network of Island and Costal Biosphere Reserves

- 9 - Date of Establishment : 12th February, 2012 Network Members : 66 BRs in 37 Countries (as of August 2018) - World Biosphere Reserves : 686 BRs in 122 Countries

Major Activities of WNICBR

organizing an annual organizing a training course Research Project of Issuing materials network meeting for WNICBR managers the Impact of Climate Change for networking in Island and Coastal BRs among members

Purpose of Establishment of WNICBR

Importance of Thematic Networks - 3rd World Congress of BRs in Madrid

Active Collaboration and Cooperation among BRs

Climate Change and Sustainable Development

- 10 - Proposed at the 21st MAB-ICC & Approved at the 22nd MAB-ICC

MOU Signing Ceremony MOU Extension Signing Ceremony (Jeju-Menorca-UNESCO MAB) (Jeju-Menorca-UNESCO MAB) Sept, 2012 Sept, 2017 5

Major Activities of WNICBR

1. Organizing the international meetings of the WNICBR

The 1st meeting : The 2nd meeting: The 3rd meeting: West The 4th meeting: Palawan Menorca BR, Spain in Jeju BR, Republic of Korea Estonian Archipelago BR, BR, the Philippines in February 2012 in September 2012 Estonia in May 2013 May 2014

The 5th meeting: The 6th meeting: The 7th meeting: The 8th meeting: Attard, Malta Lima, Peru Jeju, Republic of Korea Menorca, Spain in March 2015 in March 2016 in September 2017 in May 2018

- 11 - Major Activities of WNICBR

2. UNESCO Training Course for ICBR Managers

Date: Annually around October Trainees : Around 10 BR members Purpose : To establish Management System and enhance Network among BR members

Major Activities of WNICBR

3. Research Project of the Impact of Climate Change in ICBRs

Period : 1st Stage (2014-2015), 2nd Stage (2015-2017), 3rd Stage (2018-2020)

Subject

Research Sites - Jeju Island BR in South China Sea - Macchabee-Bel Ombre BR in Indian Ocean - Menorca BR in Mediterranean Island - Principe Island BR in the Gulf of Guinea - St. Mary’s BR in Caribbean (1st and 2nd stage)

- 12 - Major Activities of WNICBR

WNICBR Newsletter Casebooks (issued every six months) (published after the annual network meeting)

You can download it at the websites of UNESCO and WNICBR Jeju Secretariat. 9

Overview of Jeju Island Biosphere Reserve

- 13 - Category Area (Km2) Core Area 151.58 Buffer Zone 146.01 Transition Area 533.35 830.94 Total (45% of the entire Jeju Island)

※ Designated areas: Mt. Hallasan, 2 streams and 3 islets

Increase brand value of local community and its products + Promote local program and product purchase motivation → Strengthening market competitiveness, generating economic profit

- 14 - Jeju Biosphere Reserve Logo

Create BR Logo and Trademark Registration(Nov 2012) Overview of the BR brand

About the Jeju Island BR Logo ∙ Oval Shape: Earth and Jeju Island ∙ Green (Ecosystem), Light Blue (Stream), Dark Blue (Ocean), White (Mt. Hallasan) ∙ Letter Style : Basalt eroded by Wind & Wave

Jeju BR Branding Products

Jeju Island BR Logo Products Companies

46 products 19 companies

Dried Shiitake Dried Bracken Broad-leaf Tea Wood-cultivated Ginseng Handmade Cheese Extract

- 15 - No. Companies Approved Products 1 Jejusi Forestry Cooperative (F) shiitake, (N) bracken, (P) shiitake powder and bracken powder 2 The Morning Smile (P) handmade yogurt and cheese 3 Youngsil Shiitake (F) shiitake, (P) wild ginseng 4 Jeju Feel (P) broad-leaf bamboo tea 5 Osulloc (A) green tea leaves, (P) organic steamed green tea (F) wild ginseng and shiitake (P) wild ginseng sap, wild ginseng extract, 6 Hallasan Wild Ginseng Farm bellflower root extract, wild ginseng jelly, three kinds of shiitake powder 7 The Peace Village (P) broad-leaf bamboo sausage 8 Jeju Plant Resource Institute (P) broad-leaf bamboo powder, broad-leaf bamboo charcoal 9 Daheeyeon (A) Green tea leaves (P) four kinds of green tea 10 JEJUDA (P) broad-leaf bamboo tea (P) essential oil, floral water, dried powder, and extract of hinoki cypress 11 Human Island, Inc. (P) essential oil, floral water, dried powder, and extract of pine 12 Seonheul 1-ri Eco Village (N) bracken 13 Hallasan Wild Ginseng Shiitake Farm (A) wild ginseng 14 Hyoworl (P) broad-leaf bamboo tea 15 Jeju Shiitake Farm (N) shiitake 16 Jeju Province Development Co. (N) mineral water , (P) drinking water 17 Jeju Hanwool Farming Association (A) shiitake 18 Isidore Development Association (L) organic raw milk 19 Jeju Livestock Cooperative Milk Processing Factory (P) organic milk (F) Forestry Products (N) Natural Resources (P) Processed Products (A) Agricultural Products (L) Livestock Products

- 16 - 17

Halla Arboretum

- 17 - Project period: 2014 ~ 2018 (5 years) Project target: select two villages in the biosphere reserve area Total project cost: 420,000 USD

Support Ecotourism Villages

Ecotourism Mar. 2014 May 2014 2015~2018 Model led by the residents

Ecological Consultative group- Evaluation Educational programs Committee and workshops for residents

Eco-tourism Village Development Stage

• Business Planning Ecotourism • Create promotional Village Commentary materials • Education • Establishment of business • Planning Program group

1 Stage 2 Stage 3 Stage 4 Stage 5 Stage Education for Education and Program Promotion Self-reliance Residents Planning Planning (2017) (2018) (2014) (2015) (2016)

• Ecotourism course • Self-reliance of residents • Mapping • Operating a project team • Planning and operation of • Preservation ecotourism program • Economic activation

- 18 - • Population: 1,740 (male 893, female 847) • Number of Households: 521 agriculture households out of 721 households (72%) • Area: 30 ㎢ • Tangerine producing area • Map of Haryeri eco-tourism

• 2014 : Designated as an excellent village for natural ecology in Harye 2ri • Apr. 2014 : Selected as Ecotourism Village by Jeju Special Self-Governing Province • May 2014 : Establishment of Haryeri Eco-tourism Village • Dec. 2014 : Selected as Ecotourism Village by Ministry of Environment • November, 2016 : Government 3.0 National Design Excellence Award 2017

- 19 - • Population: 1,000 • Number of Households: 521 Agriculture households out of 727 households (72%) • Area: 15.96 ㎢ • Main industries: tangerine, broccoli, cabbage, garlic, strawberry, kiwi, etc. • Map of Haryeri Eco-tourism

• villagers assimilating with nature • trip to nature with residents

“Dumburi” “Hari” Natural colors from Gotjawal in Jeojiri and Hyodoncheon Stream in Haryeri

- 20 - ECO-TOURISM LED BY RESIDENTS BUSINESS UTILIZING BIOSPHERE RESERVE

Maintain Conservation biodiversity Revitalization of shared of local Common economy space

- 21 - Thanks for your kind attention!

- 22 - The 6th Training Course for Island and Coastal Biosphere Reserve Managers

Lecture I Research Proposal for the title of the 3rd Stage : the Value of Island and Coastal Biosphere Reserves as a Source of Carbon Sink

Dr. Dai-Yeun Jeong

- 23 -

The 6th UNESCO Training Program for the Managers of Islands and Coastal Biosphere Reserves • Organizers: UNESCO MAB Programme / Jeju Secretariat of WNICBR • Date: October 01 - 03, 2018 • Venue: Best Western Hotel, Jeju City, South Korea

Research Proposal for Analyzing the Value of Island and Coastal Biosphere Reserves as a Source of Carbon Sink

Dai-Yeun Jeong PhD Acting Director, Jeju Secretariat of WNICBR Emeritus Prof. at Jeju National Univ., South Korea

October 01, 2018

Table of Contents

Ⅰ Research Questions and Objectives

Ⅱ Research Site and Research Team

Ⅲ Contents of the Research

Ⅳ Expected Outcomes

Ⅴ Concluding Remarks - Our Choice by Ourselves

- 25 - Ⅰ. Research Questions and Objectives

Anthropocentric perspective on nature → Crisis of nature → Crisis of human existence Nature can exist without humans, but humans can't survive without nature Functions of nature providing to humans (terminology) • Value of nature • Ecosystem services

Research trend on the functions of nature (4 mainstreams) • Overall sectors in the name of value of nature ecosystem services • Specific sector (biodiversity, wetland, watershed, etc.) • Development of quantitative methodologies for estimating the value of nature • Analyzing empirically the economic value of nature

Ⅰ. Research Questions and Objectives

Nonetheless, it is quite rare to conduct research on the value of BR • as a nature or ecosystem • in particular as a source of carbon sink

Objective of this research • Analyzing the value of island and coastal BRs • with a special reference to as a source of carbon sink

The research having been conducted on ICBRs • The 1st stage: The Impact of Climate Change (03/2014 - 02/2015) • The 2nd stage: Establishment of Strategies Responding to Climate Change (05/2015 - 09/2017) • This research: the 3rd stage (06/2018 - 05/2020) • Ecosystem Service of ICBRs: the 4th stage (after 05/2020)

- 26 - Ⅱ. Research Site and Research Team

1. Research Sites • Jeju Island BR in South China Sea (Jeju, S. Korea) • Macchabee-Bel Ombre BR in Indian Ocean (Mauritius) • Menorca BR in the Mediterranean (Spain) • Príncipe Island BR in the Gulf of Guinea (Príncipe) • St. Marry's BR in Caribbean (St. Kitts and Nevis) - excluded

Ⅱ. Research Site and Research Team

2. Research Team

Dai-Yeun JEONG (Principal researcher) • Acting Director of Jeju Secretariat, WNICBR • Director, Asia Climate Change Education Center • Emeritus Prof. at Jeju National University, South Korea

Vinehswar S. GOPAL (Co-researcher) • Senior Scientific Officer, National Parks and Conservation Service, Ministry of Agro-Industry and Food Security, Mauritius

Juan RITA (Co-researcher) • Prof. at Balearic Island University, Spain

António ABREU (Co-researcher) • Biologist, Environmental Expert • Coordinator of the REDBIOS network

- 27 - Ⅲ. Contents of the Research

1. Human Perspectives on Nature 2. The Value of ICBRs as a Unit of Nature 3. The Value of ICBRs as a Source of Carbon Sink 4. The Implications of the Value of ICBRs

Ⅲ. Contents of the Research

1. Human Perspectives on Nature • Many factors determining the level of human intervention in nature - The factors are different by country, and through history - This logic can be applied to ICBRs → resulting in different state of damage/conservation/use • One of the factors: human perspectives on nature • In this context, human perspectives on nature will be reviewed

- 28 - Ⅲ. Contents of the Research

(1) Western Society • Greek Natural Philosophy • The Christian Thought in Medieval Europe • Modern Philosophy and Natural Science

(2) Oriental Society • Confucianism • Buddhism • Taoism

(3) Academia • Environmental Determinism • Ecocentrism • Technocentrism

Ⅲ. Contents of the Research

2. The Value of ICBRs as a Unit of Nature • Three values - Environmental value - Societal value (social, cultural, educational, etc. except economic value) - Economic value (will be analyzed in 3. The Value of ICBRs as a Source of Carbon Sink)

- 29 - Ⅲ. Contents of the Research

(1) Environmental value • Water-related Functions - Conservation of water quality as a green dam - Underground water recharge

• Control of flood • Protection function of wild animals and plants - Providing habitat - Conservation of biological diversity

• Preventing soil runoff • Preventing landslide • Etc.

Ⅲ. Contents of the Research

(2) Societal value • Value of tourism: as a site of tourism • Cultural value: as a site of cultural activity • Religious value: as a site of religious activity • Scientific value: as a site of scientific activity - Research on BR having been conducted - Contribution to conservation and sustainable use of BR by research - Site as a scientific field study

• Educational value: as a site for environmental education • Value of healing: as a site for psychological/physical healing • Etc.

- 30 - Ⅲ. Contents of the Research

3. The Value of ICBRs as a Source of Carbon Sink

(1) Review of Approach to Reduction of Carbon Emission • Technology-based solution • Nature-based solution • The Value of reducing carbon Emission as a response to climate change

(2) The Methodology for Estimating Economic Value of Nature • Market Valuation Method • Non-market Valuation Method

(3) Economic Value of ICBRs as a Source of Carbon Sink

Ⅲ. Contents of the Research

3. The Value of ICBRs as a Source of Carbon Sink

(4) Economic Value of Other Sectors in ICBRs (if data are available) • Cultivation of water resources • Prevention of soil runoff • Forest healing • Prevention of soil landslide • Prevention of biodiversity • Prevention of wild animal • Etc.

- 31 - Ⅲ. Contents of the Research

Example of Economic Value of Nature (Jeju Island)

Economic Value/Year Source of Economic Value (US$: million) % ① Carbon Sink 1,051 20.3 ② Cultivation of Water Resource 964 18.5 ③ Forest Landscape 733 14.1 ④ Forest Recreation 698 13.4 ⑤ Prevention of Soil Runoff 677 13.0 ⑥ Prevention of Soil Landslide 318 6.1 ⑦ Forest Purification 313 6.0 ⑧ Conservation of Biodiversity 250 4.8 ⑨ Protection of Wild Animal 115 2.2 ⑩ Forest Healing 79 1.5 Total 5,199 100.0

Source of Quantity Economic Value/Year Economic Value Economic Value (A) (B) (US$: million) per Unit (B/A) (US$)

① Plant 102,830ha 913 8,879 ② Animal 67,095ha 1,024 15,262 ③ Geographical/Geological Features 8,239ha 1,100 133,512 ④ Landscape 31,401ha 829 26,401 ⑤ Wetland 69 sites 389 5,637,682 ⑥ Oreum (Small Volcanic Hill) 13,680ha 503 36,769 ⑦ Gotjawal (Stony Lava Forest) 11,440ha 805 70,368 ⑧ Cave 12 sites 539 44,916,667 ⑨ Natural Monument 62 sites 776 12,516,129 ⑩ Protected Area 23,579ha 462 19,594 ⑪ Yongcheonsu (Spring water) 941 sites 547 581,297 ⑫ Grassland 17,222ha 409 23,749 ⑬ Underground Water 3.616km3 532 147,123,894 Total 8,828 billion

- 32 - Ⅲ. Contents of the Research

4. The Implications of the Value of ICBRs

• The value of conservation • The value of sustainable use

Ⅳ. Expected Outcomes

Providing a comprehensive/systematic/synthetic analysis of ICBRs in terms of environmental/social/economic value gained from conservation and sustainable use.

All BRs including ICBRs are in a paradox in that they are • victims from climate change • contributor to responding to climate change through carbon sink. • In this sense, this research: the first contributor to understanding the value of ICBRs in relation to climate change

This research will • enhance the awareness on the importance of ICBRs • and provide the managers of ICBRs with capacity building

- 33 - Ⅴ. Concluding Remarks - Our Choice by Ourselves

Luxury Titanic to be sunk shortly into the sea? for enjoying material affluence and convenience in life through continuing more and more intervention into nature

Or, poor and small Noah’s Ark? for co-existing with nature through conservation

If enjoying Titanic, our near future in everyday life

Dog is innocent - Why should dog take a mask on face? If guilty, it is that he/she lives with humans in the same age

Thanks a lot for your kind attention 19

- 34 - The 6th Training Course for Island and Coastal Biosphere Reserve Managers

Lecture II The Ethics of Biodiversity

Prof. Do-Soon Cho

- 35 -

Memo

- 37 - Memo

- 38 - The 6th Training Course for Island and Coastal Biosphere Reserve Managers

Lecture III Residents’ Participation in the protected areas and brand use

Je-ryang Ko

- 39 -

The 6th Training Course for Island and Coastal Biosphere Reserve Managers

Residents’ Participation in the Protected Areas and Brand Use

Ko, Je-ryang, President of the Jeju Ecotourism Association

Table of Contents

1. The History, Culture and Ecological Values of Jeju

2. Residents' Participation in Conservation

3. Utilization of Jeju BR Brand

- 41 - 1. The history, Culture and Ecological Values of Jeju

Jeju Island • Mt. Halla with its height of 1,950m. • The island is 73km wide and 31km long with a total area of 1847.2㎢, and has a coastline of 253km. • 63 islands around Jeju(eight islands are inhabited among them) • Population: 63million

- 42 - How was Jeju Island formed? by volcanic activity

Stage 1: between 1,200,000 years Stage 2: between 600,000 years and 730,000 years ago and 300,000 years ago

the southwestern part of the island created Its present shape formed

Stage 3: between 100,000 years and 25,000 years ago

Mt. Hallasan and oreums in eastern and western part of the island formed

Seolmundae Halmang (Creator Goddess of Jeju )

A drawing representing Seolmundae Halmang (by Kim, Nam-heung)

- 43 - 8

- 44 - Jeju Island - MIDAs (Multi-Internationally Designated Areas)

Mt. Halla

- 45 - Subpolar/Shrub zone

Temperate deciduous forest zone

Evergreen broad-leaved forest

Grassland

Coastal vegetation zone

Attitudinal Zonation of Vegetation

오름제주의Oreums 자연생태(parasitic cones)2- 오름

- 46 - Trees, Oreums, and Field

Oreums, Villages, and farm

- 47 - Wetland

The five Ramsar Sites (Muljangori-oreum, Mulyeongari-oreum, Dongbaekdongsan(Camillia hill), 1100 Highland Wetland and Sumeunmulbaengdui)

- 48 - Gotjawal (forest on the lava hill)

- 49 - about 6% of the entire Jeju Island

Lava제주의 Tubes 자연생태 5- 용암동굴 World Natural Heritage (Manjanggul, Yongcheondonggul, Dangcheomuldonggul)

- 50 - Streams Hyodoncheon located in Biosphere Reserve, connects Mt. Halla and the sea

The Sea – Seaside Landscape and Geology

- 51 - Jusangjeolli Cliff in Seogwipo

Suwolbong Peak – Global GEO PARK

- 52 - Baengdui

Sumeunmul Baengdui Wetland (Wetland Conservation site)

- 53 - lots of rocks

- 54 - - 55 - lots of women

Haenyeo (female divers) Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity

- 56 - The island with lots of wind

2. Residents' participation in conservation

- 57 - Residents made rules according to village agreements and conserved natural Before designation resources following that rules. of conservation zone Residents patrolling setting a turn (appropriate and reckless deforestation)

Dongbaekdongsan Conservation legislation NATURE (the Cultural Properties Protection Law, the Forest Law, the Wetland Conservation Act)

After designation Flora and Fauna Monitoring of conservation conducted by residents zone

Wise Use (Eco-education, Eco-tourism) 35

coexistence with the forest

Nature has provided trees and water since the village’s establishment.

Eco-tourism

Residents’ Participation in Conservation -voluntarily engage in conservation activities and enjoy the benefit

- 58 - Residents' participation in conservation and Use

Forming a Residents Council

Continuous Cooperative education & Networks meetings

Residents’ Round-table Participation Discussions in Conservation

Conservation programs participated by residents

• Ecological Monitoring conducted by local residents – published • Ecological Education for Students – the academic paper • Participation in conserving the habitats of endangered wildlife • Expanding the residents’ roles in restoring endangered wildlife

- 59 - All the materials below published by local residents by themselves

3. Utilization of Jeju BR Brand

3-1. The cases of Biosphere Reserve 3-2. The cases of Ramsar Wetland 3-3. ‘Eco-tour, and Eco-party’ Organized by Local People Utilizing the Reserve 3-4. The Cases of Global Geopark

- 60 - 3-1. The cases of Biosphere Reserve (Use of Logo)

Biosphere Reserve ‘Clean Image’

Increase brand value of local community and its products + Promote local program and product purchase motivation

→ Strengthening market competitiveness,

generating economic profit 41

< The Overview > Brand Identity (BI) - Eco-friendly Products considered to orient towards the ideology of BR and implement its value

The Vision of Brand - Establishment of a virtuous cycle for the community where biodiversity conservation, improved quality of residents’ lives and sustainable development of the region can occur simultaneously.

Jeju Island BR Logo • Oval shape : Earth and Jeju Island • Green, Sky-blue, Blue : Ecosystem, streams, the ocean, Mt. Halla represented respectively • Letters : Basalt rock that is worn away by wind and waves 42

- 61 - BR labelling Project in Jeju Island

• Agricultural and forestry products being produced in BR • As of 2018, 43 items by 16 enterprises

Promotion of BR as an eco-tourism site 2 villages (Jeoji-Ri, Harae-Ri)

- 62 - What is Ecotourism?

1. Ecotourism is now defined as "responsible travel to natural areas that conserves the environment and sustains the well-being of the local people” - The International Ecotourism Society

2. Nature-friendly tourism in an area with excellent ecosystem or beautiful landscape where tourists learn and experience the importance of environment through conservation and wise use of natural assets - Ministry of Environment, Republic of Korea

- 63 - History / Myth / Culture / Art

- 64 - A good consumption that directly helps local economies - mostly visit the restaurants that make food with local ingredients sourced from the village - Where from? / How many? / How was it made?

Staying at a homestay or guesthouse run by local people (interaction with the owner)

- 65 - How to learn / experience? : a guided tour by a professional ecological culture guide

Eco-tourism Village Development Stage 5 Stage (Self-reliance) 4 Stage (2018) (promotion) 3 Stage (2017) (Program Planning) - Self-reliance of residents (2016) - Create 2 Stage - Operating a promotional (Education and project team 1 Stage materials Planning)(2015) - Preservation (Education for - Ecotourism course - Establishment - Economic residents)(2014) - Mapping of business activation - Business - Planning and group Planning operation of - Organization of Ecotourism ecotourism Stakeholder Village program consultation Commentary - Capacity building - Education for residents. - Program adminis Local - Conference Planning tration - Village Resource residents Investigation

Expert

Biosphere Reserve Ecotourism Council

- 66 - Community discusses, decides, and shares responsibility.

The Goal of Eco-tourism

Society Community • Income rise • Social Economy • Sustainable Economy • Village corporation (Eco-tour) (Cooperatives) Sustainable Environment Conservation Environ- connected with the Economy regional resources ment Coexistence preservation and btw human and nature residents’ lives

- 67 - Eco-tourism led by Residents

Business utilizing Biosphere Reserve

Maintain Biodivers -ity

Revitaliza -tion of local economy Activate communities through shared space conservation 55

Haryeri village • Population (Total 1,740 , male 893 , female 847) • Number of Households (521 agriculture households out of 721 households (72%)) • Area 30 ㎢ • Tangerine producing area • Map of Haryeri eco-tourism

- 68 - 6. Program

Eco-tourism/Festival/Eco-party

Tracking of Eating local Festival Eco-party Hyodoncheon food Stream • Eco- • Local Food • What’s on • Eco- tourism Hyodonche tourism on stream? party (4- hour program)

Jeojiri village • Population ( Total 1,000 ) • Number of Households (521 Agriculture households out of 727 households (72%)) • Area 15.96 ㎢ • Main industries: tangerine, broccoli, cabbage, garlic, strawberry, kiwi, etc. • Map of Jeojiri Eco-tourism

- 69 - 6. Program

Eco-tourism/Festival/Eco-party

Jeoji Gotjawal Eating local Festival Eco-party and Oreum food

• Eco-tourism • Local Food • Jeoji Gotjawal • Eco-tourism Festival party (4-hour program)

Biosphere Reserve Ecotourism Village Characters

• Local residents becoming character and living together with the nature harmoniously Natural colors from Gotjawal in Jeojiri and • The image of the symbolic stones of Hyodoncheon Hyodoncheon Stream in Haryeri stream reflected in a character. • The character together with tour, the nature and residents.

- 70 - Biosphere Reserve Ecology Education

6 1

3-2. Utilization of RAMSAR Wetland Brand

The logo of Sunheul-ri, Ramsar city – Seonheul-ri : the name of village, Sunheul-ri in English and symbolizing the ecological features of the village – Symbolizing wetland, forest, birds and oreum in Dongbaekdongsan – Letters : Symbolizing the flow of oreums and forests 62

- 71 - Seonheul 1-ri beside RAMSAR Wetland, Dongbaekdongsan . Gotjawal – Warm Temperate Evergreens Forest, Dongbaekdongsan

- Three towns in the middle mountainous areas (the total area of 1968.8ha) - Main industries: Tangerines, vegetables, buckwheat, beans, kiwi, and animal husbandry - Population of 720, and about 320 households - Located in Jocheon-eup, the northeast part of Jeju Island

Public Space for Residents of Seonheul-1ri, Dongbaekdongsan Various plant resources and animals, landscapes of wetlands, and unique geological structures in Gotjawal

Ecological features : Due to the characteristics of Gotjawal, maintaining constant temperature and humidity, biodiversity is abundant as an evergreen broad-leaved forest where northern and southern plants coexist.

Vegetation : Jeju-gosarisam(Mankyua chejuense(Ophioglssaceae))(II), Sunchae(water-shield)(II), Red-bark oak(II), and Daphne jejudoensis M. Kim designated as endangered species (a total of 370 species of plants) ※ Jeju-gosarisam is a specific plant distributed only in the eastern part of Jeju Island.

Animals : Black headed snake(I), Kaloula borealis(II), a fairy pitt(II), chinese sparrow hawk(II), etc. designated as an endangered wildlife (about 900 species of animals inhabit.)

- 72 - The Common Goals of Seonheul-1ri Conservation of Dongbaekdongsan and Happy Village

Pledge of Seonheul 1-ri We appreciate and conserve Dongbaekdongsan and plants, animals and all living things that have existed since the village’s establishment. Also, we continue to develop a harmonious relationship between humanity and nature.

We, Seonheul 1-ri citizens will • Pass down Dongbaek dongsan, and its history, culture and ecological values to posterity. • Welcome visitors with joy and provide guidance. • Keep Seonheul precious through the landscape management of the village(arranging a stone wall, putting an electric wire into the ground). • Balance conservation and utilization regulating the number of visitors. • Contribute to the conservation of the biodiversity. • Make the new buildings harmonious with surroundings

Furthermore, visitors share the responsibility to • Reduce and retake trash to make Seonheul 1-ri clean • Not smoke in the forest and village • Not deviate the eco trail and damage or hurt animals and plants. • Not wander the limited area in the village in order to protect the residents’ privacy. • Slow down and park at the designated areas when you get in the village by car. • Contribute to the residents’ profit through souvenirs and local products which mean the heritage of the village.

- 73 - Branding Products

Things to do in Seonheul-ri • Acorn-Chicken-Kalguksu (Korean handmade wheat flour noodles in a checken based soup) • Tangerine picking experience

- 74 - Eco-tourism, Wetland Art Festival, Eco-party, Animation and Contests

3-3. Ecotourism Eco-Party, a joint creative work of protected areas and villages

• Resident-led Eco-tourism in the form of party

• ecological culture event to invite tourists visiting eco-tourism destinations and the surrounding villages to an Eco-Party which combines elements of both ecotourism and culture

• Various cultural events such as Tea party,Eco-tourism guide, and Tasting local food with a small number of tourists

- 75 - 71

- 76 - Eco-Party Program

14:20 16:50 • Experiences local • Tasting • Tea Time • Local residents people and tourists • Cultural Local Food guide and Natur interacting together Performances al Eco-tour 14:00 14:20 17:00

3-4. The cases of Jeju Island Global GEO PARK Brand

- 77 - - 78 - Gimnyeong-Woljeong Geo Trail / Suwolbong Geopark Trail , Sanbangsan-Yongmeori Coastal Geotrail / Seongsan Ojo Geo Trail

(2) GEO-HOUSE a homestay or guesthouse run by local people

제주돌집 사랑이 꽃피는 민박 지삿개풍경 글라라의 집

엄블랑 화순금모래펜션 여울목 1915지오

이모와삼촌네 해일월 호끌락

- 79 - (3) GEO - FOOD

Bakeries

muffin Pineapple bun madeleine sponge cake cookies

Cuisines of Manjanggul Lava Tube area

용암언덕멜쪼네 갯것이깅이마늘파스타 궤네기또국수 멜차롱 청굴물쌈 투물러스요거트

Cuisines of Sanbangsan-Yongmeori Coastal area

불미철판구이 산방탕 베리돌아진밧 비빔밥 설쿰바당 누룩빌레 주먹밥 하모리층 톳 쿠키 설쿰바당 샤벳

(4) GEO-GIFT

- 80 - (5)GEO-CULTURE FESTIVAL Planned and supported by the administration with the ultimate aim of establishing a self-sustaining event operated by residents

2013

2014

(6) GEO-ACADEMY

training local people to be Cooking class for interpretative guides 2014.10 GEO-Food development Comprehensive training local 2013.11 ~ 2014. 1 2014.12 ~ 2015.1 people to be interpretative guides

2014. 3 2014.9~2014.12 2015.4 Comprehensive training local training local people to be Comprehensive training local people to be interpretative guides interpretative guides people to be interpretative guides

- 81 - Residents' participation in conservation

Thank you for your attention!

- 82 - The 6th Training Course for Island and Coastal Biosphere Reserve Managers

Presentations on Biosphere Reserve Management Policy

- 83 -

Peninsula de Guanahacabibes Biosphere Reserve

Osmani Borrego Fernandez

- 85 -

Peninsula de Guanahacabibes Biosphere Reserve

The 6th UNESCO Training Course for Island and Coastal Biosphere Reserve Managers 1 - 3 October 2018 Jeju Island Biosphere Reserve, Republic of Korea

Osmani Borrego Fernández, Vice-coordinator of the Administration Board Guanahacabibes Peninsula Biosphere Reserve, Ministry of Science, Technology and Environment

Geographical location and boundaries

It is located at the westernmost point of Cuba island and it has coasts in the Caribbean Sea and in the Gulf of Mexico.

Peninsula de Guanahacabibes Biosphere Reserve: 156 202 ha. Guanahacabibes National Park: 39 830 ha. Lugones Swamp Wildlife Refuge: 564 ha. San Antonio Bank Natural Highlighted Element: 7 411 ha.

- 87 - Main habitats

• Ever-green and semideciduous forests. • Swamp forest. • Mangrove forest. • Coastal and subcoastal xeromorphic bushes. • Sandy and rocky coast vegetation complex. • Swamp grass formation. • Anthropic savannas. • Secondary scrub. • Coral reefs. • Seagrass.

Terrestrial flora

• 716 species of higher plants of 385 genres and 113 families distributed into 12 plant formations. • 25% of the species hold some endemism category, including 15 local endemic species. • 125 species for timber production, 146 for traditional medicine production and 132 for bee honey production.

- 88 - Terrestrial fauna

• 15 species of amphibians. • 35 species of reptiles. • 18 species of mammals. • 213 species of birds (9 out of the 25 endemic species of Cuba). • Active bird migration route (Mississippi Bird Migratory route).

Marine fauna • 39 sponge species. • 27 gorgonian species. • 42 coral species. • 201 fish species. • Around 1000 species of marine mollusks, 10 out of the total considered as exclusive from the peninsula. • Species holding highly commercial values as the lobster, cod fish and snapper. • Nesting site for 3 species of sea turtles. • Coral reefs which are considered among the most diverse and best preserved of the Great Caribbean Region.

- 89 - Communities

• 5 communities holding around 1690 inhabitants.

Functional zoning

Zones Extension Terrestrial Core Zone 24 444 ha Terrestrial Buffer Zone 71 365 ha Terrestrial Transition Zone 6 135 ha Marine Core Zone 23 361 ha Marine Buffer Zone 30 897 ha Total extension of the biosphere reserve 156 202 ha

- 90 - Economic activities

• Nature tourism (Diving and guided path excursions). • Agriculture (Tobacco, vegetables and fruits). • Bee honey production. • Forestry activity.

Research and monitoring program

Key species monitoring: • Iguana. • Sea turtles. • Sea and fresh water birds. • Crocodiles. • Manatees.

Priority ecosystems monitoring: • Semideciduous forests. • Mangrove. • Coral reefs. • Seagrass. • Sandy coast vegetation complex.

- 91 - Sea-turtle monitoring and protection • It is carried on since 1998. • Over 2300 people have participated in the monitoring and protection process as volunteers. • Morphometric data from more than 6100 females of the species Chelonia mydas, Caretta caretta and Eretmochelys imbricata have been obtained. • Measurements have been taken from more than 3800 nests and over 1000 female turtles have been marked. • National and local participants´ integration has been achieved, by providing knowledge, experiences and behavioral capabilities.

Community Environmental Groups

• They are created in all communities of the biosphere reserve. • They are leaded by young people selected from the local communities. • They are prepared through small talks, lectures and workshops. • They develop environmental healing activities in the communities. • They participate in community festivals and also in knowledge contests.

- 92 - Participation in activities related to environmental education • Presentation of audiovisual TV materials in the schools and communities of the biosphere reserve. • Contests and scientific journals are carried on twice a year. • Preparation of advertisement materials for their presentation through local radio and TV stations. • Visits to interesting sites in the biosphere reserve. • Experiences exchange with young people from other biosphere reserves.

Migratory Birds Festival

• It is carried on since 2012 with the support from the Gulf Coast Bird Observatory. • Participants are children, young people and other inhabitants from the communities of the biosphere reserve. • Lectures, knowledge contests, expositions and bird watching tours are carried on.

- 93 - Sea turtle Community Festival

• Lectures on sea turtle conservation in the area communities are dictated. • Realization of contests on sea turtles through drawing, short story writing and poetry. • Realization of exchanges with researchers and specialists who participate in the monitoring program. • Expositions about the outcomes obtained from the sea turtle conservation program. • Tour to beach camping sites where the sea turtle monitoring process is carried on.

Beach cleaning

• It is carried on, every year, by junior and senior high students from local schools. • Plastic waste materials generated by marine flow dynamics, are collected in order to be recycled later on.

- 94 - Hurricanes

• The Guanahacabibes peninsula is the Cuban territory with the highest rate of damage produced by hurricanes. • During the last 15 years, the biosphere reserve area has been impacted by 4 major hurricanes. • The highest impact period is the one from June till November, with highest probability during October. • Its destructive effects are associated with intense winds, sea penetrations and heavy rains.

Disturbed status signs • Expansion behavior of the local species Yanilla de playa (Suriana marítima) and Incienso de costa (Tournefortia gnaphalodes). • Increase on abundance and percentage of expansion over the beach area. • Rapid growing, expansion and colonization in all sectors of the beach, with the subsequent damage to other species. • It brings about negative effects on the dynamics and stability of the coastal ecosystems. • It has brought about negative effects to the sea turtle nesting process and the level of success of their reproduction.

Yanilla de playa (Suriana marítima) Incienso de costa (Tournefortia gnaphalodes)

Playa El Holandés

- 95 - Effects on the sea turtle nesting process

• Nest destruction. • Modification of the beach profile. • Increase of the sand area. • Elimination of the supracoastal vegetation complex on beaches.

Thank you very much!

- 96 - Enhance Tourism Activities without Putting National Resources Aside

Heri Santoso

- 97 -

Enhance Tourism Activities without Putting Natural Resources Aside

CONTENTS

ABOUT WAKATOBI BIOSPHERE RESERVE

OVERVIEW OF CURRENT SITUATION

CONCLUSION

- 99 - WAKATOBI BIOSPHERE RESERVE

WAKATOBI BIOSPHERE RESERVE

Designated as a Biosphere Reserve in 2012

- 100 - WAKATOBI BIOSPHERE RESERVE

• Total area: 1.390.000 Ha (Core area: 54.568 Ha, Buffer Zone: 839.732 Ha, Transition area: 495.700 Ha)

• Population: 92.209 people inside Wakatobi BR

• Number of tourists in 2016: 22.380

• Rich in biodiversity (Coral reef, Fish, Sea turtle, Mangrove, etc.)

WAKATOBI BIOSPHERE RESERVE

CURRENT ACTIVITIES ON BIOSPHERE RESERVE

• Promoting tourism of Wakatobi Biosphere Reserve

• Natural resources monitoring

• Empowering community inside BR

• Protecting and securing natural resources from destructive fishing

• Consolidation between stakeholders

- 101 - - 102 - CURRENT SITUATION

NUMBER OF VISITORS

Source: Wakatobi National Park Office

CURRENT SITUATION

NUMBER OF HOSTELRY

40 HOTELS 313 HOMESTAY 578 ROOMS 428 ROOMS

Source: Tourism and Creative Office of Wakatobi Regency

- 103 - CURRENT SITUATION

NUMBER OF WAKATOBI TOURIST DESTINATION

CULTURE TOURISM NATURE TOURISM 442 143

Source: Tourism and Creative Office of Wakatobi Regency

CURRENT SITUATION

CORAL REEF TREND

Source: Wakatobi National Park Office

- 104 - CURRENT SITUATION

STATISTIC OF FISH (2016)

Source: Wakatobi National Park Office

CONCLUSION

• Tourism is able to improve the welfare of community inside in addition to its marine products • Wakatobi Biosphere Reserve is working on promoting and enhancing tourism as well as preserving the natural resources • The community activities and the increase of tourism activities can aggravate the natural resources condition in Wakatobi • We need a support from the Network to deal with this issue

- 105 - THANK YOU

- 106 - QUIRIMBAS BIOSPHERE RESERVE

Celia Zelia Judite Calanje Mtambo Augusto

- 107 -

REPÚBLIC OF MOZAMBIQUE GOVERNMENT OF CABO DELGADO PROVINCE PROVINCIAL DIRECTORATE OF EARTH, ENVIRONMENTAL AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT

. Introdaction . Geographical and ecological framework . Management structure . Vision . Zonation . Outstanding actions . Challenges . QBR pictures . Conclusion

- 109 - . Quirimbas National Park (QNP) was declared a conservation area on 06 June 2002 (Decree of the Council of Ministers 14/2002).

. As a Biosphere Reserve (QBR) at the thirtieth MAB coordinating council held in Palembang, Indonesia on 23-28 July 2018.

. QBR is located in Cabo Delgado Province in northern Mozambique. It covers the entire districts of Ibo and Quissanga and partially the districts of Meluco, Metuge, Ancuabe, Macomia and Montepuez.

. The marine portion consists of 11 islands (Ibo, Matemo, Quisiwe, Quirimba, Quipaco, Mefundvo, Quilalea, Sencar, Quirambo, Fion, and Rolas Island.

. The QBR covers a total area of 14,812.24 km2, which of 2,444.77 km2 correspond to the marine part and 12,367.57 km2 to the terrestrial.

- 110 - MARINE BIODIVERSITY

Marine Flora . The marine component is rich in habitats and species of flora and fauna. The vegetation is composed of mangrove, sea grass and macro algae;

. The main mangrove species that occur in the QBR are: Avicennia marina, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, Ceriops tagal, Rhizophora mucronata, Sonneratia alba and Xilocarpus granatum;

. The most frequent species of seagrass in the QBR are Thalassia hemprichii, Thalassodendron ciliatum;

. The macroalgae Cyanophytes (blue-green algae), Rhodophytas (red algae), Clorophytas (green algae) and Phaephytas (brown algae) occur in the QBR.

- 111 - Marine fauna . In total, 160 species of coral reefs representing 55 genera were registered in the QBR.

. Acropora and Porites and the species Favites spp., Platygyra spp., Lobophyton spp., Sinularia spp and Sacrcophyton spp, are the most common.

. A total of 375 species of fish were recorded in the PNQ; of these, 300 spp only in the southern reefs of Quirimbas. The families Acanthuridae (47%), Lutjanidae (22%), and Chaetondontidae (14%) are the ones that have been observed the most. Herbivores (48%); carnivores (37%) and coralivores and omnivores (10% each) of reduced size have been of greater abundance.

TERRESTRIAL BIODIVERSITY

Terrestrial flora . Mangrove, coastal thicket, acacia grassland, miombo woodland, mixed woodland and mountain vegetation(inselbergs)(miombo-velloziace) occur in the QBR. The miombo forest and the vegetation of Acacia-capinzal are the most extensive types of vegetation, the coastal brena being the smallest extension.

. Along the rivers and streams of the QBR there are gallery forests.

. Predominate in these forests are the species Khaya nyasica, Albizia gummifera, Adansonia digitata, Sterculia appendiculata, Bombax rhodognaphalon, Pteliopsis myrtifolia, Cordyla africana and others.

- 112 - . The mountain forests occur at altitudes above 300m altitude.

. The species Brachystegia spp., Millettia stuhlmannii, Annona senegalensis, Afzelia quanzensis and Combretum zeyheri are among the most common.

. The miombo forest in the PNQ is semi-deciduous to deciduous throughout the dry season being dominated by species of Brachystegia spp. and Julbernardia globiflora.

. In the exposed mountainous areas (inselbergs) there is a flora generally composed of succulent species. Common species include Xerophyta retinotii, Vellozia sp., And Aloe spp.

Terrestrial fauna . At least 46 mammal species occur in the QBR.

. The most abundant species include the Papio cynocephalus yellow canine, Pork Potamochoerus porcus, Phacochoerus aethiopicus, Kobus ellipsiprymnus, and Chengane antelope Neotragus moschatus.

. other mammals that occur but with a localized distribution within the QBR are: elephant , ox-horse, buffalo, gray kid, kid of stones, red kid, elande, imbabala , Hippopotamus, Zebra, and among carnivores the lion, mabeco, Striped jackal, Cheetah , Spotted hyena and the Leopard.

. At least 447 bird species exist in the QBR.

. At least 10 species of amphibians occur in the QBR.

- 113 - Currently, two bodies collaborate in the management of the Park:

1. The QNP Management Team - As in most other conservation areas in Mozambique, the QNP is managed by a team, led by the QNP Administrator, who reports to the National Administration for Conservation Areas (ANAC); and

2. The Committee for the Development of the Quirimbas (COMDEQ), established through the Ministerial Diploma Nr. 135/05, of 26 July. In addition to representatives from the Quirimbas National Park, the COMDEQ comprises representatives from the Provincial Government, the Governments of the six districts, NGOs and local communities.

This entity was established as an advisory body with 3 main purposes:

1. Perform a consulting and advisory role of the Ministry of Land, environment and Rural Development;

2. To ensure the collaboration and coordination at local level with all stakeholders concerning the conservation of existing resources; and

3. To monitor the Park administration and management. However, the COMDEQ eventually also embraced the role of taking decisions that influence the Quirimbas National Park administration.

- 114 - The model that will be used for the management of the QBR will include three organs:

1. A Management Unit, led by a Director who will be concurrently the Quirimbas National Park Administrator;

2. The COMDEQ, which meets ordinarily once a quarter and comprises representatives from the QBR Management Unit, representatives from the National Administration for Conservation Areas, from the Districts Governments in the area, from Public Institutions linked to the QBR, and Regulos and/or Traditional Chiefs, Resident Local Communities, NGOs and the Private Sector, discusses and deliberates over the strategic guidelines of the Biosphere Reserve; and

3. A Scientific Board, which will comprise individuals with renown scientific merit both at national and international level.

VIEW

In terms of vision, the QBR aims to become a space for convergence, participation and commitment towards the communities’ sustainable development (development function), based on the conservation and sustainable use of natural resources (conservation function ) and enhancement of historic, cultural and social heritage (logistical support and development functions). The QBR will therefore be a space for dialogue, experimentation and demonstration involving all stakeholders from different fields, providing opportunities for innovation, promotion and marketing, aimed at improving the living conditions of local communities.

- 115 - Zonation of the QBR: core zones (green), buffer zones (orange) and transition zones (white).

. In the marine area, established 8 sanctuaries . Crab fattening . Temporary Veda of octopus . Introduction of improved cages . Ongoing turtle nesting zone protection program . Implemented MOMS by communities . Conservation agriculture practice . Adult Literacy . Environmental Clubs in Schools . Inaugurated the ecological center in Ibo (scientific studies, museum and accommodation)

- 116 - 1. Unsustainable use of natural resources Over-fishing and fishing with illegal and / or destructive gear Poaching Illegal cutting of wood 2. Uncontrolled burning

3. Human population residing in the PNQ Itinerant agriculture Man / wildlife conflict 4. Impact of climate change

5. Conservation and management monitoring programs

We are aware of the challenges ahead. However, we believe that with the support of all stakeholders (Governments of the districts covered by the QBR, cooperation partners, communities and civil society in general), we will be able to grow our QBR. Obviously, we also have the support of other biosphere reserves, for sharing knowledge and exchanging experience.

- 117 - Coral garden close to Ibo Island.

Marine tartle in the QBR. Bottle nose doplhins in the QBR.

- 118 - Mangrove forest close to Quissanga.

Miombo woodland

African elephant.

Juvenile African fish eagle (Haliaeetus vocifer) devoring an eel in the QBR.

- 119 - Example of ecosystem services for source of animal Octupus dryinng int he oper air after the catch. protein in the QBR: drying fish.

Conservation agriculture in QBR Opening day of temporary closure of octopus

- 120 - Rice cakes, traditional of Northern Mozambique and widely available in markets throughout the QBR.

Improved stoves

Fisherman with improved cages

Artisanal fishermen in Quissanga.

- 121 - Award ceremony of the QBR Biodiversity Enviromental education and conservation contest

Traditional "tufo" dance.

- 122 - Tourists snorkeling in the coral gardens in Quilalea Island.

Azura Quillalea Lodge, in Quilalea Island.

FOR DISPENSED ATTENTION

THANK YOU

- 123 -

St. Mary’s Biosphere Reserve (SMBR)

Markysa O’Loughlin

- 125 -

St. Mary’s Biosphere Reserve (SMBR) COMMUNICATION STRATEGY 6 TH TRAINING COURSE FOR ISLAND AND COASTAL BIOSPHERE RESERVE MANAGERS

Presented by: Markysa O’Loughlin, St. Kitts- Nevis MAB Coordinator

AGENDA Brief History About Us A Success Story - Awareness and Sensitization Education for Sustainable Development Q&A

- 127 - Inscription Timeline

The St. Mary’s Biosphere Reserve is the first Biosphere Reserve in the English Speaking Caribbean.

The International Coordinating Council of UNESCO’s Man and the Biosphere (MAB) Programme, at its 23rd session held in Dresden (Germany) from 28 June to 1 July 2011, approved the proposed St.Mary’s Biosphere Reserve.

The certificate declaring SMBR as a Biosphere Reserve was handed over to the Federation at the 36thSession of the UNESCO General Conference, in early November 2011. The St. Kitts-Nevis Man and the Biosphere National Committee was launched 5 months later on April 23 2012.

History and Facts

 The SMBR is approximately 4,297.125 hectares in size and is located about 4 miles from the Capital of Basseterre.  The SMBR has a ridge to reef topography that encompasses the communities of Canada, Keys and Cayon.  The SMBR is home to areas of interest such as: Historic Sugar Plantation Estate Ruins; Cayon Village Historic District; Maroon Settlements; Spooner’s Level & Cotton Ginnery; Jack in the Box Mountain Passage; Cayon River Historic French/English Division, Keys Beach (St. Kitts main leatherback turtle nesting beach); and a Central Forest Reserve.

- 128 - ABOUT US St. Mary’s Biosphere Reserve is an important site in terms of biological diversity, comprising cloud forests, mangroves and coral reefs. The Reserve represents one of the most diverse natural communities on St. Kitts: the marine area and beaches near Canada, Keys and Cayon and the surrounding tropical forests of the mountain ridgeline. It represents one of the first Biosphere Reserves in the English Speaking Caribbean and could serve as an example of village participation in preserving the outstanding mosaic of natural and cultural landscape values.

We are here.

- 129 - Key attributes by Zone

- 130 - - 131 - - 132 - Awareness and Sensitization Our Success Story

Social Community Media + Consultation Website

Print Sign Media Walls

- 133 - A New Age Digital Marketing Strategy: website and social media

• Increase overall exposure of the SMBR *

• Reach persons from all over the world. * • Obtain valuable data to support marketing strategies *

• Promote sustainable practices *

• Help facilitate ongoing two-way feedback with the public * • Cross promotion of other like entities and create * relationships

• Increase Community Awareness *

Website: www.sknbiosphere.com

Key Features • In-depth information about the SMBR • Maps with Annexes • Social Media Integration – Facebook, Instagram, Twitter and Youtube • Contact

- 134 - Social Media @sknbiosphere

Our #Goal is to keep, St. Mary’s Biosphere Reserve relevant through the use of technology.

We are create a high-impact Social Media Campaign using the following 7 techniques

1. Promote community involvement

- 135 - 2. Promote small enterprises *micro-business*

3. Networking, Collaboration, Partnerships

- 136 - 4. Encourage Community Based TOurism Key Activities: -Bird watching -Sea Turtle Nesting Tour -Hiking -Farm Tours -Local dining -Historical Site visits

- #iTravelBetter

5. Promote Educational Opportunities

Research | Field Trips | Guided Tours

- 137 - 6. Highlight Environmental Issues and Advocate for sustainable living

- 138 - 7. Use social media/website to promote Youth Involvement

Community Consultations

- 139 - Brochures and Sign walls

ESD Education For Sustainable Development

- 140 - Building School Libraries with MAB content

Infusing MAB into curriculum

- 141 - Key Successful activities for 2017-2018 1. Tours of Key Historical Sites

2. Fieldtrips that link school curriculum to topical environmental issues in the SMBR (illegal mining, endangered species, soil erosion, pollution etc)

3. Classes and sessions for theory based knowledge

4. Making youth more environmentally conscious – Beach Clean Ups, Tree Planting Exercises

5. Engage Summer Camps

6. Practical lessons on key concepts of UNESCO SMBR Bring your own Bottle smoothie sale

7. Creating Youth Ambassadors!

- 142 - Connecting the dots: A lesson in Entrepreneurship!

- 143 - SMBR supports strengthening of international science cooperation for sustainability and social inclusion UNESCO-designated and affiliated Biosphere Reserve sites serve as examples of, and learning laboratories, for sustainable development and climate change adaptation.

MAB reserve sites – through their national committees – provide the scientific and institutional frameworks to ensure UNESCO inputs in the post- 2015 development agenda, and UNESCO medium-term strategy

Conserving Biodiversity & Culture

- 144 - Climate change – mitigating the effects on SIDS and using MAB sites as a vector of research, preservation and innovation .Hazardous territory – half of the 25 most disaster-prone countries are SIDS .Harnessing natural forces - capacity-building elements, ie, renewable energy innovation .Rising seas – coastal erosion – but are we mis-estimating the cost of building sea defences when more intense rainfall events causes inland flooding rather than coastal flooding? .“Fresh” Water challenges – accessing and managing freshwater sources – experience in attachments and communities involvement and groundwater pollution .Sustainable living and developments – involvement of local people, their knowledge on approaches to conservation and sustainable living on a local scale – a key driving force. .Marine Protected Areas – Keys Beach with the Leather Back, Mangroves in Canada Estate .The role of UNESCO – technical expertise and support, mapping of biodiversity hotspots

Linking Biosphere Reserves and local initiatives A tool to for environmental, socio-economic and cultural challenges for St. Kitts-Nevis Certified local products, ie, handmade craft, agricultural produce Eco-tourism and Agro-tourism Educational activities: interface between biodiversity, natural resources and importance of preservation and sustainability  Intangible cultural heritage

- 145 - Some thoughts on going forward and influencing the Global agenda

Identification of key themes linked to MAB reserves – climate change, island heritage, disaster mitigation, fauna & flora conservation

MAB Committee Members Meeting with Minister of Sustainable Development and MP for SMBR Constituency

Contact

Markysa O’Loughlin UNESCO St. Mary’s Biosphere Reserve Committee Member and Coordinator Email: [email protected] or [email protected] Tel: 869-662-7008

St.Kitts and Nevis National Commission for UNESCO Email: [email protected] Website: www.sknunesco.com Facebook: St. Kitts Nevis National Commission for UNESCO Tel: 1 (869) 466-8581/467-1417 Fax: (869) 465-9069

- 146 - Questions? Comments?

- 147 -

Scientific Research in Nanji Islands Biosphere Reserve,China

Shangwei Xie

- 149 -

One of the Ten Most National Marine UNESCO Biosphere Reserve Beautiful Marine Islands Natural Reserve, China in China

Scientific Research in Nanji Islands Biosphere Reserve,China

Shangwei Xie, Houcai Cai October 1, 2018