8. RECOMMENDED PROJECTS 8.1 Overview Section 6 of this Infrastructure Master Plan describes each of the water supply systems within the Umgeni Water area of operation, discusses the constraints identified within each one, and makes recommendations on the water supply infrastructure that is required to alleviate these constraints. Figure 8.1 illustrates the systems and subsystems that each of the recommended projects belongs to, and should also be read in conjunction with Figure 6.1.
This Section links directly to Section 6, and describes each of the recommended infrastructure projects of significance in more detail. In particular, projects currently being implemented, or are close to implementation, are discussed. A summary of the areas that will be supplied by these proposed projects are shown in Figure 8.2. The projects per WSA are summarised in Figure 8.3, Figure 8.4, Figure 8.5, Figure 8.6 and Figure 8.7.
Also included in this Section, are descriptions of new infrastructure projects that have been identified to expand the area of supply. These projects are often planned to be linked into existing supply infrastructure and their future demands could impact on the existing infrastructure. These potential impacts are discussed in Section 6.
It is important to note that the implementation of these projects is influenced, and driven, by a host of factors besides purely technical requirements. These factors include financial constraints, corporate strategy, politics and local government priorities, to mention but a few. All these factors carry their own weight in the decision making process and cannot be ignored. Hence the actual implementation and timing thereof, could well vary from what is mentioned for these projects.
Finally, all planned new wastewater works (WWW) or proposed upgrades to WWW that Umgeni Water is responsible for are included at the end of this section. These proposals should be read in conjunction with Section 7. As previously mentioned in Section 7, Umgeni Water has recently taken over the operation of all the WWW within the uMgungundlovu District Municipality. Umgeni Water is assessing the nature of infrastructure development and/or rehabilitation required at these works. This assessment is currently taking place and therefore there are no definitive plans to report on at this stage. However, the Darvill WWW is in the process of being upgraded and the detailed design for the upgrade of Mpophomeni WWW has been completed and these two WWW are therefore discussed in detail.
408
Figure 8.1 Recommended projects per system.
409
Figure 8.2 Areas that are anticipated to be supplied by Umgeni Water’s proposed projects.
Figure 8.3 Proposed projects within uMgungundlovu WSA and the areas anticipated to be supplied.
410
Figure 8.4 Proposed projects within eThekwini WSA and the areas anticipated to be supplied.
Figure 8.5 Proposed projects within Harry Gwala WSA and the areas anticipated to be supplied.
411
Figure 8.6 Proposed projects within Ugu WSA and the areas anticipated to be supplied.
Figure 8.7 Proposed projects within iLembe WSA and the areas anticipated to be supplied.
412 8.2 uMkhomazi System 8.2.1 uMkhomazi Water Project Planning No. 114.0 Project No. UI0530 Project Status Detailed Feasibility
Project Description With the commissioning of Phase 2B of the Mooi-Mgeni Transfer Scheme (MMTS-2), the water resources available in the Mooi and Mgeni catchments, to augment the Mgeni System, are now fully utilised (Section 5.4.4). The MMTS-2 increased the safe assured yield of the Mgeni System to 394 million m3/annum.
Over recent years, eThekwini Municipality has put considerable effort into optimising the operation of its distribution systems that are served by the Lower Mgeni System. Amongst other things, this has led to them implementing new infrastructure in order to undertake a significant load shifting exercise. eThekwini Municipality’s Western Aqueduct project, which is expected to be fully commissioned in mid-2018, will represent the most significant of these load-shifting operations. The intention is for those areas currently being served under pumping from the Lower Mgeni System (viz. from Durban Heights WTP) to be transferred onto the Upper Mgeni System, and served under gravity from Midmar WTP via the Western Aqueduct (WA). This will result in the full utilisation of the Upper Mgeni resource by 2018. After the implementation of MMTS-2, further water resource developments within the Mooi-Mgeni system are not considered to be beneficial. Further augmentation of the Mgeni System will then be required.
Water resource development on the uMkhomazi River has been identified as the next major project to secure long-term water resources for eThekwini’s Western Aqueduct supply zone. During the late 1990’s, the then DWAF (now DWS) and Umgeni Water jointly commissioned a pre-feasibility study to investigate various options for developing the uMkhomazi River’s water resources, such that they could be utilised to augment those of the Mgeni River System.
A two-phased scheme was proposed, and the overall project area is shown in Figure 8.8. Phase 1 of the proposed uMkhomazi Water Project (uMWP-1) will involve the construction of Smithfield Dam, located along the central reaches of the uMkhomazi River midway between Lundy’s Hill Bridge and Deepdale. Smithfield Dam will be the primary impoundment, whilst for Phase 2, a second dam (Impendle Dam) will be constructed upstream of the Smithfield site (just downstream of the uMkhomazi River/Nzinga River confluence). Phase 2 would only be implemented once the yield of Phase 1 (Smithfield Dam) has been fully utilised.
413
Figure 8.8 uMkhomazi Water Project.
Succinct details of the proposed potable water infrastructure are as follows:
Water treatment plant design: In order to meet the proposed phased increases in demand as well as a requirement to provide support to the Mgeni System, the capacity of the uMWP-1 WTP is proposed to be 500 Ml/day. A further 125 Ml/day phase would be required in 2044. The proposed WTP layout (Figure 8.9) was constrained by the requirement for gravity supply in the overall system between Smithfield Dam and the Umlaas Road tie-in, as well as a requirement to keep the WTP footprint to a minimum. The proposed plant layout combines features of accessible and compact unit process configuration, minimum lengths of interconnecting pipework, minimum volume of excavation and ease of future extension. The recommended WTP processes are pre-chlorination, coagulation/flocculation, high-rate clarifiers, rapid gravity filtration, granular activated carbon (GAC) filtration, final chlorination and sludge treatment.
Figure 8.9 Layout of Water Treatment Plant.
Potable water reservoir: The potable water reservoir was sized to accommodate a minimum of six hours of the daily WTP capacity. Based on the WTP phasing discussed above the first 500 Ml/day WTP phase would require 125 Ml of storage, with a further 31.25 Ml/day required when the next 125 Ml/day WTP phase is constructed in 2044, i.e. a total of 156.25 Ml of storage for the uMWP-1. The reservoir for the uMWP-1 would require a footprint of 2.2 hectares. In light of a requirement to keep the WTP footprint to a minimum, it was proposed that potable water storage be constructed beneath various WTW structures.
Potable water pipeline: The potable water pipeline (Figure 8.10) was designed to accommodate an average annual daily demand of 602 Ml/day; equivalent to the 1:100 year yield of the Smithfield. The peak design capacity was 753 Ml/day. Pipelines ranging from 2 820 mm diameter (15.1 km) to 2 540 mm diameter is proposed to convey the peak demand of 753 Ml/day.
415
Figure 8.10 Layout of pipeline.
Key information on this project is summarised in Table 8.1.
Table 8.1 Project description: uMkhomazi Water Project. Project Water Resource Components (to be developed by DWS): Components . Smithfield Dam – having a storage capacity 251 million m3 (31% of MAR), earth core rockfill dam. . A Transfer Tunnel – 3.5 m bored diameter (3.0 m lined diameter), concrete-lined (where necessary), overall length of 32 km. . Balancing Dam – located at the outlet portal of the tunnel in the vicinity of Baynesfield Estate. . 3km of 3 000 mm Raw Water Pipeline. Potable Water Supply Components (to be developed by Umgeni Water): . Water Treatment Plant (WTP) – to be located near Baynesfield Estate with an initial capacity of 500 Ml/day and allowance for further module to increase capacity to 625 Ml/day. . 156.25 Ml potable water storage reservoir at WTP. . Bulk Potable Water Pipelines –2 820mm diameter (15.1 km) and 2 540 mm diameter (4.6 km) gravity mains from the WTP to ’57 pipeline. Capacity 625 Ml/day
Institutional Arrangements DWS will plan, develop and own the water resource and raw water infrastructure up to the WTP. The operation and management component of this infrastructure will be decided at the time of commissioning. Umgeni Water will design, build, own, operate and maintain all water supply infrastructure from (and including) the WTP. Umgeni Water will purchase raw water from DWS as per a revised raw water agreement and sell potable water from this system to eThekwini, the Msunduzi and uMgungundlovu municipalities, as per the existing bulk water supply agreements.
416 Beneficiaries The scheme will primarily serve the eThekwini Municipal area and to a lesser extent portions of uMgungundlovu District Municipality. Assuming 200 l/person/day, the estimated number of beneficiaries from the anticipated capacity of 625 Ml/day may be 3 125 000 people.
Implementation The project is divided into three components:
Module 1: Technical Feasibility Study: Raw Water (Appointment by Department of Water and Sanitation). The study was completed in 2015; Module 2: Environmental Impact Assessment (Joint appointment by Department of Water Affairs and Umgeni Water). Report was submitted in December 2016 but further work required on the raw water component; Module 3: Technical Feasibility Study: Potable Water (Appointment of PSP by Umgeni Water). The study was completed in 2015.
The project needs to be implemented by 2018 in order to achieve a 99% level of assurance of supply to the Mgeni System. However, the earliest possible commissioning of this scheme is 2024.
The estimated cost of the entire project (raw and potable components) is in the order of R 20 billion at 2016 prices. This is made up of R 14.5 billion for the raw water component to be implemented by DWS and R 5.5 billion for the potable component to be implemented by Umgeni Water.
417 8.2.2 Impendle BWSS
Planning No. 105.44 Project No. UI0544A Project Status Detailed design
Project Description The area of Impendle has unreliable sources of water and many small run-off-river abstraction and borehole schemes. This project will increase the level of assurance of supply to the community of Impendle as requested by uMgungundlovu District Municipality. The water schemes are part of the Impendle bulk water supply project for the Impendle Local Municipality.
The Impendle Municipality’s topography predominantly comprises rolling hills, mountains and scattered settlements covering an area of 948 km2. Due to the nature of the area’s topography and extended scattered settlements, two separate bulk water supply schemes are proposed.
One bulk scheme will serve the north western part of the Municipality that includes communities from Stepmore to the Lotheni area. The second bulk scheme will provide water to the communities on the east (Figure 8.11).
Stepmore The proposed source for the scheme is a new river intake to be constructed on the uMkhomazi River. Raw water from this intake will be delivered to a proposed Stepmore Water Treatment Plant (WTP), where the water will be purified. The WTP is situated on a greenfield site and will have a capacity of 69 kℓ/hr. From a high-lift pump station within the WTP site, purified water will be delivered through a clear water rising main to Lotheni 1 Reservoir with a capacity of 1Mℓ. From Lotheni 1 Reservoir a gravity main will convey water to Lotheni 2 Reservoir. From the Lotheni 1 and 2 Reservoirs, distribution mains will convey the water by gravity to existing distribution networks in the areas of Stepmore, Inkangala and Lotheni.
Umgeni Water will be responsible for the implementation of the Bulk Works from the Abstraction and Water Treatment Plant to the Lotheni 1 Reservoir.
Nzinga The proposed source for the scheme is a new river intake to be constructed on the uMkhomazi River. Raw water from this intake will be pumped to the proposed Nzinga Raw Water Pump Station (NRWPS) located approximately 190 metres from the intake structure. From the NRWPS, raw water will be delivered through a 325/355 mm diameter x 7.6 km long rising main to the Nzinga WTP located on the same site as the existing WTP. The pipeline is designed to supply 275 kℓ/hr of raw water. The BWSS will be operated and maintained by Umgeni Water.
Key information on this project is summarised in Table 8.2.
418 Table 8.2 Project information: Impendle BWSS.
Project Components: Nzinga Waterworks The proposed plant has a capacity of 10 Mℓ/day with an abstraction capacity of 11 Mℓ/day. 355 mm diameter x 7.6 km long rising main. 1 Mℓ Nzinga Reservoir.
Stepmore Waterworks The proposed plant has a capacity of 1.66 Mℓ/day with an abstraction capacity of 1.78 Mℓ/day 1 Mℓ Lotheni 1 Reservoir. 650 kℓ Lotheni 2 Reservoir. Construction of approximately 11,5 km of 100 mm diameter to 200 mm diameter uPVC and steel pipelines. Capacity: 15 Mℓ.
Beneficiaries The upgrade to the BWSS will benefit consumers within the Impendle Local Municipality with an estimated population of 37 000.
Implementation The construction duration of this project is anticipated to be six years. The total cost is estimated to be R351 million at 2016 prices.
419
Figure 8.11 General layout of the Impendle Project Areas. 8.2.3 uMzimkhulu Bulk Water Supply Scheme
Planning No. 162.6 Project No. UI0816A Project Status Detailed Feasibility
Background The uMzimkhulu Local Municipality is currently being supplied by numerous small non-sustainable schemes. Water supply in this area is isolated with little or no regional planning in place and the schemes in place provide a modest relief for the most immediate need. The recommended approach of this project is of a regional nature which is sustainable and provides proper operational, maintenance and processing systems in place. This holistic approach will allow the uMzimkhulu Bulk Water Supply Scheme to not only supply the uMzimkhulu Local Municipality but also supply parts of the Dr Nkosazana Dlamini Zuma, uBhulebezwe Local Municipalities and has the potential to supply the southern coastal areas within the KwaZulu-Natal province.
Project Description
The purpose of this study is to identify any feasible bulk water supply options that could:
In particular, provide an alternative, more reliable, source of potable water for the stand-alone rural water supply schemes which rely, to a large extent, on protected springs, boreholes or run-of-river abstraction, and that continue to present operational and financial challenges for the municipality; and In general, provide an adequate supply of potable water to meet the growing needs of the area.
A pre-feasibility and detailed feasibility investigation is being undertaken of options to supply this area with potable water.
The locality map and extent of the study area are shown in Figure 8.12. The Umzimkhulu Local Municipality (KZN435) is predominantly rural in nature with dispersed settlement patterns.
The northwestern limit of the study area is defined by the Ndawana River, which is the boundary between the Dr Nkosazana Dlamini-Zuma and Umzimkhulu Local Municipalities. At Coleford the Ndawana River joins the Ngwangwane River, which forms the boundary between the Dr Nkosazana Dlamini-Zuma and Umzimkhulu Local Municipalities. It is not envisaged that supply from the uMzimkhulu BWSS will supply north of the Ngwangwane River, the Greater Kilimon BWSS will supply the area from Kilimon to the St. Apollinaris area in the Dr Nkosazana Dlamini-Zuma Local Municipality.
The western boundary follows the border between the Greater Kokstad local municipality and Umzimkhulu Local Municipality past Tigerhoek until the boundary shared by Ugu DM and Harry Gwala DM.
The southern boundary extends from Tigerhoek along the District boundary, across the Bisi River to the uMzimkhulu River and along it till Gloucester.
421 The eastern boundary follows the uMzimkhulu River from the Ngwangwane River to the District boundary.
The pre-feasibility study was completed in 2016 and the following scheme was proposed and will be taken into detailed feasibility phase. The Scheme will consist of an earth fill dam with an impermeable core, referred to as the New Biggen Dam. The dam would have a capacity of 77 million cubic metres of water and has a yield of 348 Ml/day. The scheme would consist of a WTW at the edge of the dam that would produce 43.3 Ml/day. The main pump station would be located adjacent to the WTW and pump water via two main rising mains north and south of the WTW to two command reservoirs. Most of the scheme there onwards would be supplied under gravity with minimal pumping required. The scheme would require three smaller pump stations, approximately 450 Km of pipeline varying from DN150 to DN800 and 32 reservoirs placed at strategic pints to maximise supply, see Figure 8.12.
This scheme would have the capacity to supply the entire uMzimkhulu LM and adjacent LM’s with potable water and would have the option to be upgraded in the future.
Table 8.3 Project information: uMzimkhulu Bulk Water Supply Scheme.
Project Components: Phase 1: 43.3 Mℓ/day Water Treatment Works, associated pump stations, command reservoir A, rising mains to reservoir A and gravity mains from in a south westerly direction towards uMzimkhulu town. This phase will also supply water to Greater Kilimon and consist of 162 km of pipelines ranging from DN800 to DN150 in total.
Phase 2: Comprises of the construction of reservoirs, pump stations and gravity mains branching of the main supply lines constructed in phase 1. A total of 134 km of pipelines ranging in diameter from DN650 to DN150 will be constructed in this phase.
Phase 3: This phase will consist of the construction of the sub-mains branching off the mains constructed in the two previous phases as well as the terminal reservoirs. A total length of 164 km of pipelines ranging in diameter from DN500 to DN150 will be constructed in this phase.
Capacity (WTP): 43.3 Mℓ/day, provision will be to expand the works should the need arise.
422
Figure 8.12 Proposed uMzimkhulu Bulk Water Supply Scheme.
Note: The study area, as defined in this project, should not be construed as being fixed, but rather as a starting point for further refinement and adjustment as options are developed in more detail.
Institutional Arrangements The study will analyse the institutional, management and financial implications with respect to the ownership and management of the proposed new infrastructure. This analysis will serve as the basis for further discussions between Harry Gwala DM as the Water Services Authority, Umgeni Water and the Department of Water and Sanitation.
Beneficiaries The scheme will primarily serve the Umzimkhulu Local Municipality area and possibly portions of other Local Municipalities within Harry Gwala District Municipality. The “Umzimkhulu Bulk Water Regional Supply Scheme Pre-Feasibility Report” identifies an estimated 256 740 people that may be served by this scheme (September 2016).
Implementation The detailed feasibility has commenced on the preferred option and will be completed in June 2017. The detailed feasibility will provide implementing timeframes, project staging and funding options.
424 8.3 Mooi System 8.3.1 Greater Mpofana Bulk Water Supply Planning No. 105.24 Project No. UI220A Project Status Construction
Project Description Sustained housing development and tourism related activities are increasing the water demand at several nodes along Main Road R103 between Lions River (uMngeni Local Municipality) and Mooi River (Mpofana Local Municipality). This growth is beginning to stress local water resources and water supply infrastructure in the area. The Greater Mpofana Region (described in this report as the area from Mooi River to Lidgetton) does not have a reliable water supply. Much of the area relies on boreholes and run of river abstraction. With increasing demands, the future supply is not considered sustainable.
A regional bulk water supply scheme referred to as the Greater Mpofana Bulk Water Supply Scheme (GMBWSS) is being implemented to ensure that the area has a reliable water supply that will sustain this growth into the future.
Phase 1 of the project is currently under construction and will provide a sustainable bulk water supply to the towns of Mooi River, Rosetta and Nottingham Road. Phase 2 of the project is in the final feasibility stage and will provide a sustainable bulk water supply to the towns of Lidgetton and Lions River including the rural hinterland surrounding the abovementioned towns in KwaZulu-Natal.
The GMBWSS (Figure 8.13) will obtain raw water from Spring Grove Dam on the Mooi River to a WTP to be situated adjacent to the dam. From here potable water will be pumped to two command reservoirs. The first reservoir is located at Bruntville in Mooi River. This reservoir will serve the greater Mooi River area and will have the potential to supply the Muden/Rocky Drift area. The Mooi River WTP and Rosetta WTP can then be decommissioned. The second reservoir is at Nottingham Road which will then supply Balgowan, Lidgetton and possibly Lions River. There is also a link pipeline to Mount West. The scheme is to be built in phases to gradually increase the supply area (Figure 8.14)
Key information on this project is summarised in Table 8.4.
425
Figure 8.13 Greater Mpofana Bulk Water Supply Scheme.
Figure 8.14 Schematic of Greater Mpofana BWSS.
427 Table 8.4 Project information: Greater Mpofana Bulk Water Supply Scheme.
Project Components: Phase 1: 20 Mℓ/day Water Treatment Works, associated pump stations, 400 mm diameter pipeline to Nottingham Road and 10 Mℓ reservoir, and 500 mm diameter pipeline to Rosetta and Bruntville in Mooi River with 12 Mℓ reservoir at Bruntville.
Phase 2: Pipeline from Nottingham Road Reservoir to Balgowan and then Lidgetton including the Balgowan Reservoir.
Phase 3: Pipeline from Nottingham Road to Mount West including a reservoir at Mount West and pipeline to Lions River including a reservoir at the termination point.
Phase 4: Possible Pipeline to Msinga.
Capacity (WTP): 20 Mℓ/day; Two further upgrades to be undertaken when required reaching an ultimate capacity of 60 Mℓ/day.
Institutional Arrangements Umgeni Water will own, operate and maintain this bulk scheme and will sell potable water to the uMgungundlovu District Municipality as per the Bulk Water Supply Agreement. The uMgungundlovu District Municipality will then reticulate to the end consumers through existing and new supply infrastructure.
Beneficiaries The scheme will serve residential and tourist establishments in the Mpofana Municipality and uMngeni Municipality within the uMgungundlovu District Municipality. It will also be a source of potable water for low cost housing in Bruntville and Lions River in the Mpofana and uMngeni municipalities respectively. The forecasted water demand for the Greater Mpofana BWSS is shown in Table 8.5.
Assuming 100 l/person/day, the estimated number of beneficiaries from the anticipated initial capacity of 20 Ml/day may be 200 000 people.
428 Table 8.5 Water forecasts for the Greater Mpofana BWSS.
Mpofana Municipality 2013 2043
Mooi River 7.3 15.24 Weenen & Msinga 0.00 8.00 Rosetta 0.4 0.85 Mpofana Total 7.7 24.10
Mngeni Municipality 2013 2043
Nottingham Road 1.50 13.6 Mount West & Currys Post 0.0 5.1 Balgowan & Lions River 0.0 14.8 Mngeni Total 1.5 33.5
Total Volume - Expected 9.2 57.6
Implementation The project will be phased with the first phase consisting of a 20 Mℓ/day WTP at Spring Grove Dam and separate pumping mains to new reservoirs at Bruntville (12 Mℓ) and Nottingham Road (10 Mℓ). The total cost for Phase 1 is anticipated to be R 639 million as at November 2016. Construction completion is expected to be in 2019.
429 8.4 Mgeni System 8.4.1 ‘251 Raw Water Pipeline: Midmar Dam to Midmar WTP Planning No. 105.0 Project No. UI03021A Project Status Commissioning Stage
Project Description The Midmar Water Treatment Plant (WTP) draws raw water from Midmar Dam. Water from the dam is supplied under pumping via the ‘251 Pipeline. The ‘251 Raw Water Pipeline is a single, 1 626 mm OD (1 544 mm ID), cement-lined, steel pipe consisting of two sections. The first section, from the dam outlet works to the raw water pump station is approximately 550 m long. The second section, from the raw water pump station to the WTP is approximately 2 450 m long.
The Midmar WTP currently has a design capacity of 250 Mℓ/day and is currently being upgraded to 375 Mℓ/day (Section 8.4.2).
Three pump sets are currently installed in the raw water pump station (2 duty + 1 standby). A fourth pump has been installed along with the Midmar WTP upgrade. With the WTP upgrade to 375 Mℓ/day, flow velocity in the single raw water pipeline will increase to 2.3 m/s. As this pipeline is the only raw water supply into Midmar WTP, it is a strategic asset and its overall risk rating is thus high.
DWS has modified the Midmar Dam outlet works and pipework to provide a second outlet pipeline and cross-connections at the dam wall. This intervention has minimised the risk of failure of the dam outlet works. Umgeni Water, in mitigating the overall risk of the raw water transfer between the dam and the Midmar WTP, is currently commissioning the second raw water transfer pipeline between the outlet and the WTP (Figure 8.15). Pumping efficiencies will also be achieved by installing this new pipeline.
Key information on this project is summarised in Table 8.6.
Table 8.6 Project information: ‘251 Raw Water Pipeline from Midmar Dam to Midmar WTP. Project Components: 1600 mm diameter raw water pipeline from dam outlet to Midmar WTP. 1400 mm diameter through pipe jacks. Fourth raw water pump. Capacity: 395 Mℓ/day
Institutional Arrangements The new infrastructure will be owned, operated and maintained by Umgeni Water.
430
Figure 8.15 General Layout of the ‘251 Raw Water Pipeline: Midmar Dam to Midmar WTP. Beneficiaries The scheme will serve the ’61 System which supplies potable water to uMngeni, The Msunduzi, uMgungundlovu and eThekwini Municipalities. Assuming 200 l/person/day, the estimated number of beneficiaries from the anticipated capacity of 395 Ml/day may be 1 975 000 people.
Implementation The project will be constructed over two years and is estimated to cost R144 million as at November 2016. Construction started in June 2015 and the anticipated completion date for the project is June 2017.
432 8.4.2 Midmar Water Treatment Plant Upgrade Planning No. 105.0 Project No. UI150A Project Status Construction
Project Description The Midmar Water Treatment Plant (WTP), which was commissioned in 1996, draws raw water from Midmar Dam. Water from the dam is supplied under pumping via the ‘251 Pipeline.
The Midmar WTP has a design capacity of 250 Mℓ/day and is currently operating at an AADD of around 226 Mℓ/day. With the imminent implementation of the load transfer of the Western Aqueduct demand onto the Upper Mgeni System, it is necessary to upgrade the capacity of Midmar WTP. The WTP is being upgraded to 390 Mℓ/day so that the combined capacity of the Midmar WTP and D.V. Harris WTP will utilise the maximum yield (at a 99% assurance level) available from Midmar Dam combined with the MMTS-2.
See Figure 8.16 for layout and key information on this project is summarised in Table 8.7.
Institutional Arrangements The Midmar WTP is situated in uMngeni Local Municipality. Umgeni Water will own, operate and maintain the upgraded Midmar WTP and will sell potable water from this system to the Msunduzi Local Municipality, eThekwini Municipality and uMgungundlovu District Municipality as per existing bulk water supply agreements.
Beneficiaries The scheme will serve the ’61 System which supplies potable water to Msunduzi, uMgungundlovu and eThekwini Municipalities. Assuming 200 l/person/day, the estimated number of beneficiaries from the anticipated capacity of 375 Ml/day may be 1 875 000 people.
Implementation The project will be constructed over two years and is estimated to cost R 245 million at November 2016 prices. Anticipated project completion is end 2017.
Table 8.7 Project information: Midmar WTP Upgrade.
433 Project Components: WTP capacity upgrade from 250 Mℓ/day to 390 Mℓ/day. Design, installation, testing and commissioning of:
Dosing Equipment New dosing points at 200 s point on new rising main for Bentonite, PAC and Chlorine and associated pipework, valves and fittings. Three new 1400 ℓ/h Bentonite dosing pumps including bursting discs. Four new 90 ℓ/h Polyelectrolyte dosing pumps and one new recirculation pump. Two new 20 m3 Polyelectrolyte storage tanks. Two new 1000 mm inline static mixers. One new ammonia dosing pump. Chlorination equipment. Chlorine scrubber. Tanker connection. Weigh bridge.
Pulsator Clarifier Vacuum fan. Lamella packs. Clarified water launders. Pipework, valves, fittings and specials. Backwash balancing tank. Coarse bubble diffused air system. Flow meter and motorised valve. Relocation of grit trap compressor.
Clariflocculators Pipework, valves and specials. Two rotating half bridge scrapers (upon which the vertical shaft mixers are installed). Eight slow speed vertical shaft paddle mixers. Two flocculation zones.
Gravity Thickener Distribution pipework and valves. Fixed half bridge. Picket fence mixer and scraper with motor. Two progressive cavity sludge pumps. Two thin sludge pumps.
Centrifuge The complete centrifuge assembly with all its instrumentation, fixings and fittings. Distribution pipework and valves. Discharge chute. Capacity: 375Mℓ/day.
434
Figure 8.16 General Layout of Midmar WTP upgrade. 8.4.3 Howick-West Reservoir Upgrade Planning No. 105.03 Project No. UI0613A
Project Status Detailed Design
Project Description Potable water is supplied to the Howick-West Reservoir Complex from Midmar WTP via the Mills Falls Pump Station along a 700 mm NB diameter steel pipeline. The current total storage capacity at the Howick-West Reservoir Complex is 16.5 Mℓ and serves as the distribution node for the supply area (Figure 8.17).
Water is then pumped from the Howick-West Reservoir Complex to Mpophomeni and Groenekloof Reservoirs via the Howick-West Pump Station along a 250 mm and a 600 mm diameter steel pipeline respectively.
The Groenekloof Reservoir Complex, with a current total storage capacity of 17.27 Mℓ, serves as a further distribution node from where the water is pumped to the Greater Vulindlela area and gravity-fed to the Sweetwaters and Blackridge terminal reservoirs.
The uMngeni Local Municipality is in the process of implementing a low-cost housing development in the Mpophomeni supply area and middle to high-income residential development in the Garlington area. These proposed developments, combined with the natural growth of the Howick-West Supply System, will place undue stress on the Howick-West Reservoir Complex to sustain the projected demand.
To sustain the current and future demand off the Howick-West Reservoir Complex, it is necessary to augment the existing storage capacity at the Howick West Reservoir Complex.
The storage requirement is based on the following reservoir sizing parameters:
Storage for reticulation supply: 36 hours. Storage for Mpophomeni Reservoir supply: 15 hours. Storage for Groenekloof Reservoir supply: 8 hours.
Groenekloof Reservoir is in itself a balancing reservoir therefore, to avoid “double accounting” of storage required for the Groenekloof demand, this balancing demand will be shared between the reservoirs.
436
Figure 8.17 General layout of the proposed Howick-West Reservoir. Table 8.8 Storage Requirement at Howick-West Reservoir.
Demand in 2028 Required Storage Supply Time (hours) (Mℓ/day) (Mℓ)
Reticulation 4.5 36 6.8
Mpophomeni 10.6 15 6.6
Groenekloof 48.0 8 16.5
TOTAL STORAGE REQUIREMENT 30.0
The determination of the storage requirement at Howick-West Reservoir is indicated in Table 8.8. Based on storage requirements and the demand projection, the upgrade of storage at Howick West Reservoir was already required in 2015. Reservoirs are sized for a 10 year future demand, hence the upgraded storage requirement is therefore determined on the 2025 demand.
If projections materialise as expected, then the current storage of 16.5 Mℓ should be increased by adding a new 16 Mℓ reservoir. This will bring the total storage up to 32.5 Mℓ.
Key information on this project is summarised in Table 8.9.
Table 8.9 Project information: Howick-West Reservoir Upgrade. Project Components: New reservoir Capacity: 16.0 Mℓ
Institutional Arrangements The new Howick-West Reservoir will be owned, operated and maintained by Umgeni Water.
Beneficiaries The upgrade to Howick-West Reservoir serves as a balancing reservoir that will indirectly serve Vulindlela, Blackridge and Sweetwaters in The Msunduzi Municipality and Mpophomeni and Hilton in the uMngeni Municipality. Assuming 200 l/person/day, the estimated number of beneficiaries from the anticipated capacity of 16 Ml/day may be 80 000 people.
Implementation The construction duration of this project is anticipated to be one year. The total cost is estimated to be R56 million. This project has been shifted outside the 5-year Capex window depending on whether the current drought will be broken over the next two rainfall periods.
438 8.4.4 Groenekloof Reservoir Upgrade Planning No. 105.39 Project No. UI65 Project Status Design
Project Description The Groenekloof Reservoir serves as a balancing reservoir for Vulindlela, Sweetwaters and Blackridge (Figure 8.18). The current demand out of Groenekloof Reservoir is 23 Mℓ/day. This demand is expected to increase to 34 Mℓ/day by 2030 when 24 Mℓ of storage will be required. The current capacity of the reservoir is 17 Mℓ. The reservoir capacity will be over allocated by 2018. An additional 10 Mℓ storage will then be required.
Key information on this project is summarised in Table 8.10.
Table 8.10 Project information: Groenekloof Reservoir Upgrade. Project Components: New 10 Mℓ reservoir. Capacity: 10 Mℓ.
Institutional Arrangements The new reservoir will be owned, operated and maintained by Umgeni Water.
Beneficiaries The upgrade to Groenekloof Reservoir will benefit consumers in the uMngeni and the Msunduzi local municipalities. Assuming 200 l/person/day, the estimated number of beneficiaries from the anticipated capacity of 10 Ml/day may be 50 000 people.
Implementation The construction duration of this project is anticipated to be one year. The total project cost (including Vulindlela BWSS) is estimated to be R280 million. This upgrade may be required in 2018 if demands increase at projected rates. Project construction completion is currently planned for the end of 2018.
439
Figure 8.18 General layout of the Groenekloof Reservoir Upgrade.
8.4.5 Umbumbulu Pump Station Planning No. 105.37 Project No. Project Status Pre-Feasibility
Project Description Supply to Greater Eston and Umbumbulu is via a 450 mm diameter pipeline. The capacity of this pipeline is restricted to 15 Mℓ/day due to the ground level profile along the pipeline route. The flow is restricted to ensure that the hydraulic grade line is at least 20 m above a high point at Stoney Ridge. The current flow in this pipeline is 11 Mℓ/day. uMgungundlovu District Municipality supplies the Greater Eston area with potable water from this pipeline. This, together with the natural growth in Umbumbulu, will mean that the flow in this pipeline could reach capacity by 2017/2018.
A booster pump station would increase the capacity of the pipeline to serve future water demands. A static hydraulic analysis indicates that the pump station be situated close to the DN450 off-take to Umbumbulu (Figure 8.19).
Table 8.11 Project information: Umbumbulu. Project Components: Designed to deliver approximately 23 Mℓ/day at 98 m pumping head. This requires four (4) pumps, three duty and one stand-by. Capacity: 23 Mℓ/day.
Institutional Arrangements Umgeni Water will own, operate and maintain the pump station and will sell potable water from this system to uMgungundlovu District Municipality and eThekwini Municipality as per existing bulk water supply agreements.
Beneficiaries The beneficiaries will be the Greater Eston region, including the Umbumbulu and the Adams Mission communities. Assuming 100 l/person/day, the estimated number of beneficiaries from the anticipated capacity of 23 Ml/day may be 230 000 people.
Implementation The construction duration of this project is anticipated to be one year. The total cost is anticipated to be R 125 million in January 2016.
441
Figure 8.19 General layout of the Umbumbulu Pump Station Upgrade.
8.4.6 uMshwathi Regional Bulk Water Supply Scheme Planning No. 105.22 Project No. UI99 Project Status Construction
Project Description The greater Wartburg and Dalton areas including Albert Falls, Mpolweni, Swayimana, Trust Feeds, Schroeders, Cool Air and a number of smaller consumers on route are presently supplied with bulk water from the Wartburg sub-system (part of the Upper Mgeni System, see Section 6.2.1) through the D.V. Harris WTP which feeds Claridge Reservoir. The purpose of the uMshwathi Regional Bulk Water Supply Scheme (RBWSS) is to increase of the capacity of the Wartburg sub-system to meet the increasing demands from existing consumers and to provide a sustainable bulk water supply to the communities of Efaye and Ozwathini.
The project is being implemented in four phases. Figure 8.20 shows a spatial layout of Phases 1 to 3 of the uMshwathi RBWSS. Phase 4 is described in Section 8.6.1.
The existing Wartburg Pipeline (also known as the ’69 Pipeline), is constructed of steel and is bitumen coated and cement mortar lined. This pipeline is approximately 26 km long and varies from 300 mm to 250 mm in diameter
The new 850 mm diameter steel pipe from Claridge Reservoir to Wartburg Reservoir was constructed as part of Phase 1. The components of the project included a 26 km Pipeline, a booster pump station and 8 Ml Reservoir at Wartburg. The New Wartburg Pipeline ties into the outlet of the existing 50 Ml Claridge Reservoir. In addition this pipeline will supply the rural areas of Efaye, Ozwathini and Ndwedwe (Section 8.6.1).
A 15.5 km long, 711mm OD mm diameter pipeline was constructed as Phase 2 to supply potable water from the new 8Ml Wartburg Reservoir to the new 10Ml Dalton Reservoir. This pipeline will provide the long term capacity that is required for the New Hanover, Cool Air, Dalton, Efaye, Ozwatini, Harburg and Glenside areas.
An off-take to the existing Cool Air reservoir has been installed to augment the existing pipeline if this becomes necessary or as a main supply should it be decided to decommission the existing pipeline and Dingle Pump Station.
The construction of Phase 3 of the project is complete and is waiting hydraulic testing at the time of this report. Phase 3 consists of:
A 10.7 km long, 660 mm OD mm diameter pipeline from the proposed new 10Ml Dalton Reservoir to the Efaye Off-take. A 14.7km long 300mm OD pipeline off-take to Efaye. A 21.7km long, 610mm OD pipeline from the Efaye off-take to Ozwatini. A pump station at CH 450m on the Efaye pipeline. A pump station at CH 19500m on Efaye off-take to Ozwatini Pipeline.
The Phase 3 pipelines will provide the long term capacity that is required for the greater Efaye and Ozwatini areas as well as the Noodsberg Sugarmill, the towns of Harburg and Glenside as well as the
443 Montebello Hospital. The proposed pipeline route is generally parallel to the R614 and the Fawn Leas to Mt Elias Road.
The extent of the infrastructure constructed to supply the existing consumers, and to enable supply to Efaye, Ozwathini, and central Ndwedwe is summarised in Table 8.12.
Table 8.12 Project information: uMshwathi Regional Bulk Water Supply Scheme.
Project Components: Phase 1 27km DN850, pipe supply contract and pipe yard preparations. Construction of 27 km of 850DN solvent free epoxy lined and Polyurethane coated steel pipe from Claridge/Belfort to Wartburg Reservoirs. Construction of 2 Pipe jacks under the R33 and Ottos Bluff. Construction of 2 sleeved railway crossings, one is Claridge and the other in the dis-used Rail line in Wartburg. Construction of 7 inline Isolating valve chambers. Construction of 22 scour valve chambers. Construction of 53 air valve chambers. Construction of 3 meter chambers. 1.35MW Pump station. 8Ml Reservoir at Wartburg.
Phase 2 Construction of 16 km of 700DN solvent free epoxy lined and Polyurethane coated steel pipe from Wartburg to Dalton. Construction of 2 Pipe jacks under the R33 and Ottos Bluff. Construction of 2 sleeved railway crossings. Construction of 2 inline Isolating valve chambers. Construction of 7 scour valve chambers. Construction of 12 air valve chambers. Construction of 2 meter chambers. 1.25MW pump station. 10Ml Reservoir at Dalton.
Phase 3 Construction of 29 km of 700DN – DN400 solvent free epoxy lined and Polyurethane coated steel pipe from Dalton via Fawn Leas to Efaye . Construction of 18 km of 700DN solvent free epoxy lined and Polyurethane coated steel pipe from Fawn Leas to Ozwathini. Construction of 3 Pipe jacks under the R614. Construction of 1 sleeved railway crossings. Construction of 2 inline Isolating valve chambers. Construction of approximately 30 scour valve chambers. Construction of approximately 65 air valve Chambers. Construction of 4 meter chambers. 0.15MW Pump station. 12Ml Reservoir at Ozwathini.
Phase 4 See Section 8.6.1 Capacity: 50 Ml/day
444 Institutional Arrangements The new infrastructure will be owned, operated and maintained by Umgeni Water and will be part of the Bulk Supply agreement with uMgungundlovu District Municipality and iLembe District Municipality.
Beneficiaries This project will initially benefit the residents of uMshwati Local Municipality and Ndwedwe Local Municipality. This scheme is estimated to serve approximately 324 433 people in 47 405 low income households.
Implementation The phases of the project are anticipated to be completed as follows:
Phase 1: December 2016 Phase 2: August 2017 Phase 3: May 2018 Phase 4: June 2019
The total cost is estimated to be R 2.3 billion at 2016 prices. Umgeni Water has submitted an application for Regional Bulk Water Infrastructure Grant (RBIG) as source funding to ensure the financial viability of this project. The RBIG funding has been tentatively approved and UW is waiting for final approval from DWS.
445
Figure 8.20 General layout of the uMshwathi Regional BWSS.
8.4.7 Wartburg to Bruyns Hill Pipeline Planning No. 105.37 Project No. Project Status Construction
Project Description The existing Wartburg to Bruyns Hill Pipeline consists of 5.8 km of 250 mm diameter pipe from Wartburg Reservoir to the Bruyns Hill Pump Station. Thereafter, there are two pipelines (each are 3.6km of 250mm diameter pipes) from the pump station to Bruyns Hill Reservoir.
The system needs to be augmented due to:
Increased growth in demand within the current supply zone of Swayimane; Proposed housing developments on the fringes of Swayimane; and A new supply node into the Southern Ndwedwe area within the iLembe District Municipality. iLembe District Municipality has identified the Wartburg System as the most suitable source of water to feed into the Southern Ndwedwe area.
The projected demand is expected to be 9 Ml/day by 2035. A 450 mm diameter steel pipe will be constructed to meet the projected demand (Figure 8.21). In addition, a 0.5 MW booster is currently being constructed in the Wartburg Reservoir Complex.
Institutional Arrangements The new infrastructure will be owned, operated and maintained by Umgeni Water and will be part of the Bulk Supply agreement with uMgungundlovu District Municipality.
Beneficiaries This project will initially benefit the residents of uMshwati Local Municipality and Ndwedwe Local Municipality. This scheme is estimated to serve about 106 000 people in 13 000 low income households.
Implementation The infrastructure is required by 2017, to meet the planned housing projects in the supply area. Construction has commenced. The total cost is estimated to be approximately R 78.5 million at 2016 prices.
447
Figure 8.21 Wartburg to Bruyns Hill Pipeline.
8.4.8 Vulindlela Upgrade Planning No. 105.42 Project No. UI0901A Project Status Detailed Design
Project Description The Vulindlela Bulk Water Supply Scheme (BWSS) was handed over to the Msunduzi Municipality (MM) in 2013 as part of Umgeni Water’s rationalization strategy. Umgeni Water’s responsibility ends at the sales meters downstream of the Vulindlela Pump Station. The Vulindlela area has suffered from an insufficient and interrupted water supply. The Msunduzi Local Municipality requested Umgeni Water look at a more optimal bulk supply option for the Vulindlela BWSS to ensure an improved supply.
The Vulindlela system (Figure 8.22) receives potable water from the Groenekloof Reservoir Complex (TWL of 1210.6 mASL) through two pumping systems via two bulk supply systems. The high level pumping system feeds two command reservoirs, namely, Reservoir 2 (TWL of 1410.2mASL) and Reservoir 5 (TWL of 1493.93mASL) and two additional reservoirs, Reservoir 3 and Reservoir 4. The low level pumping system only feeds command Reservoir 1. Potable water is then gravity fed from Reservoir 2 to Reservoirs 13 to 19, whilst potable water is gravity fed from Reservoir 5 to Reservoirs 6 to 12.
Figure 8.22 General layout of the Vulindlela System. The Groenekloof Pump Station consists of three pumps, each with a design duty of 8.64 Ml/day at a generated head of 300 m. The current operating philosophy is for two pumps as duty and one as
449 standby, thus having a total duty capacity (theoretical) of 17.28 Ml/day. The pumps “hunt” on their curves due to the fact that they have to pump against two different system resistance curves along the same pipeline in their supply of water to Reservoir 2 and Reservoir 5.
Key information on this project is summarised in Table 8.13 and illustrated in Figure 8.23
Table 8.13 Project information: Vulindlela Upgrade.
Project Components: Upgrade the high lift pumping system at Vulindlela Pump Station by installing 3 x 22 Ml/day pump sets (2 x operating and 1 x standby). Augment existing rising main and construct a 750mm diameter pipeline of 11 km in length from Vulindlela Pump Station to Reservoir 2. Construct the Pumpstation at Reservoir 2 consisting of 2 x 18 Ml/day pump sets (1 x operating and 1 x standby). Construct one 15 Ml Reservoir (25 Ml required in total) at Reservoir 2 site as additional storage to the existing 10 Ml reservoir. Construct a back-feed pipeline of 300mm diameter with a length of 6 km, from Reservoir 5 to supply Reservoir 3 and Reservoir 4. Construct a 10Ml Reservoir at Groenekloof Reservoir Complex to comply with Umgeni Water’s Reservoir operating philosophy. Capacity: 45 Mℓ/day.
Institutional Arrangements The Umgeni Water BWSS will be operated and maintained by Umgeni Water.
Beneficiaries The upgrade to the BWSS will benefit consumers within the Msunduzi Municipality and Vulindlela community. Assuming 100 l/person/day, the estimated number of beneficiaries from the anticipated capacity of 45 Ml/day may be 50 000 people.
Implementation The construction duration of this project is anticipated to be four years. The total cost is estimated at R280 million including the Groenekloof Reservoir as 2016 prices. The anticipated construction completion date is the end of 2018.
450
Figure 8.23 Vulindlela Upgrade. 8.4.9 Table Mountain Upgrade Planning No. 105.41 Project No. Project Status Feasibility
Project Description uMgungundlovu District Municipality requested Umgeni Water to consider the augmentation of the existing Table Mountain supply infrastructure to meet current and future demand. The initial assessment indicated that the current infrastructure is inadequate to sustain current demand.
The hydraulic analysis indicated that significant augmentation is required to meet current and future demands. Complete upgrade of the pump station, the bulk supply pipeline and a 4 Ml/day reservoir is required to ensure an improved supply and greater assurance of supply over the next 20 years.
A pre-feasibility study identified two possible scenarios to augment the supply to the Greater Table Mountain area. Scenario 1 entails the upgrade of the Lower Glen Lyn Break Pressure Tank to a 2 Ml storage facility, replacing the existing Table Mountain pump sets with three new pump sets to meet the current and projected demand and construct a new 4 Ml Reservoir at Table Mountain.
Scenario 2 entails a direct feed off a proposed new 23 Ml Msunduzi Municipality Whispers Reservoir thus eliminating the need of augmenting the Glen Lyn Break Pressure Tank. The other components, i.e., the pump station and Table Mountain Reservoir would be as per Scenario 1.
Msunduzi Municipality in February 2017 informed Umgeni Water that they are revising their Water Master Plan due to the changes in the demarcation of boundaries. The site for the proposed 23 Ml Whispers Reservoir now falls within uMshwati Local Municipality. Msunduzi Municipality is negotiating with uMshwati Local Municipality to purchase the land for the construction of the proposed reservoir. The timing is uncertain. uMgungundlovu District Municipality requested that Umgeni Water meet the 3 Ml/day demand over the next 5 years. In May 2017, Umgeni Water together with uMgungundlovu District Municipality and Msunduzi Municipality agreed to implement some of the recommendations as per Option 1 for the upgrade of the Table Mountain Bulk Water Supply Scheme (BWSS) to meet a demand of 3.0 Ml/day. This will entail the construction of a 300 mm NB, 500 m long suction pipeline, the installation of 2 x 3.2 Ml/day pump sets and the upgrade of the existing switchgear. The cost for the partial upgrade will be attached to the asset management maintenance budget. The anticipated commissioning of this portion of the upgrade is June 2018.
Key information on this project is summarised in Table 8.14 and Figure 8.24.
452
Figure 8.24 Table Mountain Upgrade. Table 8.14 Project information: Table Mountain Upgrade.
Project Components: 350 mm diameter pipeline, 4.4 km in length. 4 Ml Reservoir. Capacity: 4 Ml.
Institutional Arrangements The infrastructure from the buy-back meter will be owned, operated and maintained by Umgeni Water.
Beneficiaries The upgrade to the BWSS will benefit consumers within the Greater Table Mountain area with estimated population of 13 500.
Implementation The construction duration of this project is anticipated to be three years. The total cost is estimated to be R100 million at 2016 prices.
454 8.4.10 Hydropower unit at the Mpofana outfall Planning No. 609.2 Project No. Project Status Detailed Feasibility
Project Description A Detailed Feasibility Study (DFS) to assess the viability of a Hydropower Unit on the Mooi-Mgeni Transfer Scheme (MMTS) was initiated in 2013. A cost benefit model was developed to investigate the benefit of installing larger pipe sizes under the second phase of the MMTS in the gravity section of the pipe from the Gowrie Break Pressure Tank to the Mpofana Outfall Site (Figure 8.25). It was identified that a 914 mm diameter steel pipe had the highest Internal Rate of Return (IRR), and therefore is the optimal size for installation. The residual head available for power generation at the outfall site under full flow conditions for a new pipe scenario is 148 m, and under aged pipe conditions is 128 m.
The DFS has shown that a dual turbine powerhouse at the Mpofana Outfall Site, with twin turbo type turbines, each capable of discharging 2.25 m3/s at 148 m head, can produce 2.698 MW each (5.396 MW total).
Electrical transmission of the power generated will be fed back into the National Grid at the Gowrie Substation in Nottingham Road. The recoupment of costs will be offset against the power generated and billed to Umgeni Water, for the MMTS, by Eskom.
A hydropower unit on the MMTS will recover between 19.7 and 16.8 GW.hr/annum of power, based on MMTS operation for 6 months of the year at 83% efficiency, and depending on the age of the supply pipelines.
Institutional Arrangements The new infrastructure will be owned, operated and maintained by Umgeni Water.
Beneficiaries The MMTS Hydropower Project is economically feasible with an expected payback period of 3 years. Thereafter the project will save Umgeni Water and hence consumers an estimated R10 million per annum at the current electricity tariff.
This saving in the operating costs can be offset in the tariff, which will benefit all consumers within Umgeni Water’s area of jurisdiction.
Implementation The total cost is estimated to be approximately R 79 million as at 2016 prices. Umgeni Water is currently negotiating with the Department of Water and Sanitation for access to their infrastructure. Once this permission is received then the hydropower unit can be designed and constructed.
455
Figure 8.25 Layout of the proposed hydropower unit at the Mpofana Outfall. 8.5 South Coast System 8.5.1 Nungwane Raw Water Pipeline Planning No. 302.5 Project No. UI0657A Project Status Construction (Tender awarded December 2016)
Project Description Water demands from the Amazimtoti WTP supply area have consistently increased over the years with the AADD (12-month moving average) as at November 2016 equalling 73 Mℓ/day. The sustainability of the growing demand and the efficient utilisation of the existing infrastructure prompted the implementation of the South Coast Augmentation Booster Pump Station.
The implementation of the South Coast Augmentation Booster Pump Station will only be able to sustain the total projected demand off Amanzimtoti WTP until the year 2020 with the support of the treatment of water at the Amanzimtoti WTP.
The existing 450 mm diameter Nungwane Raw Water Pipeline (Figure 8.26), which supplies Amanzimtoti WTP with raw water, is in a poor condition due to the corrosive action by sulphur-reducing-bacteria and this pipeline now has to be replaced. The South Coast Augmentation Booster Pump Station may be used in the short to medium term in order to augment the potable water demands from the Amanzimtoti WTP whilst the raw water pipeline to the WTP is replaced.
Key information on this project is summarised in Table 8.15.
Table 8.15 Project information: Nungwane Raw Water Pipeline. Project Components: New 450 mm diameter, 13.6 km long steel pipeline
Capacity: 20 Mℓ/day
Institutional Arrangements The Nungwane Raw Water Pipeline will be owned, operated and maintained by Umgeni Water.
Beneficiaries The replacement of the existing Nungwane Raw Water Pipeline will benefit the residents of the Upper and Middle South Coast regions. Assuming 200 l/person/day, the estimated number of beneficiaries from the anticipated capacity of 20 Ml/day may be 100 000 people.
Implementation The pipe supply contract was completed in October 2015 and a separate construction tender eventually awarded in November 2016 (following an appeal process). Construction should commence by April 2017 following contract price escalation negotiations. The anticipated construction completion date is now November 2018 (original planned completion date was March 2017). The total cost is estimated to be R105 million.
457
Figure 8.26 General layout of the Nungwane Pipeline.
8.5.2 South Coast Pipeline 2b – Kelso to Malangeni Planning No. 305.09 Project No. UI0710A Project Status Construction (Tender to be awarded Mid-2017)
Project Description The South Coast Pipeline (SCP) Project was initiated to extend the supply of water to the South Coast Region. The project is implemented in a phased approach, with Phase 1 and Phase 2a completed.
The South Coast Phase 2b project will consist of four components:-
Construction of a 2.7 km pipeline from the off-take chamber at Scottburgh South Reservoir (i.e. end point of SCP-1) to the start of the existing Kelso-Pennington pipeline (i.e. SCP-2a). Design and construction of a 5.35 km pipeline from Kelso off-take point (i.e. end point of SCP-2a) to a termination point at the inland side of the N2 (i.e. Malangeni off-take), west of the Umdoni Reservoir. Design and construction of the Mzinto River bridge crossing (550 m). Design and construction of a 635 m tie-in pipeline to Umdoni Reservoir.
Kelso to Malangeni Off-take Pipeline The South Coast Phase 2b (SCP-2b) route will tie-in to the South Coast Phase 2a pipeline and roughly follows the SANRAL servitude along the N2 south to Umdoni. This pipeline consists of a 800 mm diameter NB steel gravity pipeline with associated chambers and forms two parts extending southwards (Figure 8.27). This route includes minor stream crossings and a major bridge crossing over the Mzinto River. The pipeline will connect to the Mzinto River Bridge crossing on both the north and south banks of the bridge abutments. An off-take will be provided for a connection to the Umdoni Reservoir in the vicinity of the Malangeni off-take.
Mzinto River Bridge Crossing This river crossing is over 550 m long and the valley is approximately 150 m deep at the centre of the bridge. Permission has been obtained from SANRAL to attach the required pipe to the deck of the N2 Umzinto River Bridge. This will provide a considerable saving to the overall project and will minimize any environmental impacts of crossing through the river or of the construction of a new pipe bridge.
Off-take to Umdoni Reservoir Pipeline The pipeline will be designed and constructed on behalf of Ugu DM. Provision will need to be made for a booster pump station when the SCP is extended further to Hibberdene (i.e. SCP-3).
Mnini Pump Station To sustain the demand downstream of Quarry Reservoir the level in the reservoir should be maintained between 70% and 90%. This would require two pumps operating during peak times. It is recommended that a third pump be installed at Mnini Pump Station so that a standby pump is available.
459
Figure 8.27 General layout of the proposed South Coast Pipeline Phase 2b.
The remainder of the South Coast Pipeline will ultimately be extended from Malangeni off-take (Umdoni) to Hibberdene once the Lower uMkhomazi Bulk Water Scheme is in place. The SCP will finally integrate with the Bhobhoyi WTP (near Port Shepstone) Supply Scheme in the vicinity of Hibberdene. The integration of the two schemes will provide a measure of operational flexibility. It will serve as a contingency for drought situations in either system. The Lower uMkhomazi scheme will provide an assured supply of water to the area without being reliant on the Lower Mgeni System.
Key information on this project is summarised in Table 8.16.
Table 8.16 Project information: South Coast Pipeline Phase 2b. Project Components: Section 1 – 2.7 km, 800 mm nominal diameter steel pipeline (7.8 mm wall thickness) including all ancillary works. Section 2a - 4.96 km, 800 mm nominal diameter steel pipeline (7.8 mm wall thickness) including all ancillary works. Section 2b – Umzinto River bridge crossing – 390 m 800 nominal diameter steel pipeline (9.3 mm wall thickness to provide an additional factor of safety thereby reducing the likelihood of pipeline failure on this section of pipeline) Capacity: 37.5 Mℓ/day (8.34 Mℓ/day Umdoni Reservoir tie-in)
Institutional Arrangements The bulk supply infrastructure of the Kelso to Malangeni link will be owned, operated and maintained by Umgeni Water, who will sell potable water from this system to Ugu District Municipality as per the Bulk Water Supply Agreement.
Beneficiaries The construction of the South Coast Phase 2b pipelines will alleviate the pressure on the Umzinto and the Mtwalume water treatment plants and supply system by supplying potable water directly to communities within the Umdoni Municipality. Assuming 200 l/person/day, the estimated number of beneficiaries from the anticipated capacity of 37.5 Ml/day may be 187 500 people.
Implementation Detailed design stage has been completed. The construction period is estimated at 52 weeks. The pipe supply tender to be advertised end January 2017 and a separate construction tender to be advertised end February 2017. Should procurement be completed by February 2017, the anticipated construction completion date is April 2018.
461 8.5.3 Mhlabatshane Bulk Water Supply Scheme Phase 2 Planning No. 305.5 Project No. UI0712A Project Status Detailed Design (Tender to be awarded Mid-2017 )
Project Description Umgeni Water implemented Phase 1 of the Mhlabatshane Bulk Water Supply Scheme (Section 6.4.1) as part of a larger regional scheme development by Ugu District Municipality, aimed at reducing water services backlogs in certain rural areas in the Umzumbe and Ray Nkonyeni Local Municipalities. This scheme extends from Phungashe, within the Nhlangwini Tribal Authority in the north, to Assisi Mission, within the Shabeni Tribal Authority, in the south. It falls mainly within the Umzumbe Local Municipality, is bounded by Harry Gwala District Municipality in the north, the Mzimkulu River in the west and south, the Umzumbe River in the east, and the Shabeni and KwaMadlala areas of the Ray Nkonyeni Local Municipality in the south.
When water demands from this scheme exceed the firm yield of the Mhlabatshane Dam, then the intention is to develop the second phase of the project (Figure 8.28). Water will be abstracted directly from the Mzimkhulu River, pumped to the WTP (which will need to be upgraded from 4 Ml/day to 8 Ml/day) and then fed into the reticulation system via a command reservoir. Key project information is summarised in Table 8.17.
Table 8.17 Project information: Mhlabatshane BWSS Phase 2. Project Components: Abstraction weir and abstraction works on the Mzimkulu River, with de-silting mechanism. Raw water pump station and associated electrical and mechanical works. Raw water rising main. Raw water intermediate/booster pump stations and associated electrical and mechanical works. Balancing tanks / reservoirs. The existing 4 Ml/day water treatment works is to be upgraded to an 8Ml/day plant, which includes a clear-water pump station Command Reservoir increase from 2 Ml to 4 Ml in storage capacity Capacity: 8 Ml/day in total
Institutional Arrangements Umgeni Water will own, operate and maintain the bulk water supply components of the Scheme. Ugu District Municipality will own, operate and maintain all reticulation components of the Scheme.
Beneficiaries Phase 1 serves approximately 67,000 people and it is anticipated Phase 2 will serve 100,000 people in total.
462
Figure 8.28 General layout of the Mhlabatshane BWSS Phase 2. Implementation The total estimated capital cost for Phase 2 is R500 million (2016 base year costs). The detailed feasibility and preliminary design stage of the project was completed in 2016. The project will now move to the detailed design phase only; with an anticipated hiatus before proceeding to the construction phase. Use of the ‘float’ in the key milestone timeline will alleviate the inherent risks associated with the Phase 2 commissioning date of 2022. This risk is attributed to the uncertainty in demand growth combined with the relative flat demand curve which is close to the current available water supply for Phase 1 (Figure 8.29). Any marginal growth in water demand will significantly shorten the time to commence with construction.
Figure 8.29 Water Balance Mhlabatshane BWSS.
464 8.5.4 Lower uMkhomazi Bulk Water Supply Scheme
Planning No. 305.7 Project No. UI0701A Project Status Detailed Design (Tender to be awarded Mid-2017)
Project Description The Upper and Middle South Coast will need augmentation after 2017 when the water requirement is projected to exceed existing bulk water infrastructure and local resources (Figure 8.30). This proposed scheme is thus a critical solution to securing water supply for the South Coast Region.
Figure 8.30 Water Balance Upper and Middle South Coast.
An investigation at a detailed feasibility level and preliminary design was completed during 2016. The optimum configuration, sizing, phasing and costing of all infrastructures required for the proposed Lower uMkhomazi Bulk Water Supply Scheme (BWSS) have been determined (Figure 8.31).
465
Figure 8.31 Layout of the proposed Lower uMkhomazi BWSS.
The project (Figure 8.31) comprises of two abstraction weirs and works, Ngwadini Off-Channel Storage (OCS) dam and related water treatment and conveyance infrastructure located within the Lower uMkhomazi River catchment. The water supply scheme will be used to supply an estimated future AADD of 100 Mℓ/day to the Upper and Middle South Coast. In the high flow summer months, raw water will be abstracted from the uMkhomazi River and stored in a 10 million m3 OCS dam, for usage during the dry winter months. During summer the WTP will be supplied with raw water abstracted directly from the river at Goodenough.
In winter, water will be released back into the uMkhomazi River and abstracted at the downstream Goodenough weir. Raw water will be pumped from this weir to a 6 hour raw water storage reservoir, and then gravity fed to the WTP. The Quarry Reservoir has been identified as the tie-in point to the South Coast Pipeline; all treated water from the WTP will be stored and distributed from this reservoir. All infrastructures will be designed to handle daily, as well as seasonal variations and peaks.
Key information on this project is summarised in Table 8.18.
Table 8.18 Project components and AADD capacity for the Lower uMkhomazi BWSS.
Project Components: Ngwadini Weir (2.5 m high), abstraction and low lift pump station for the OCS dam located on the uMkomazi River. Hydrocyclones desilting mechanisim (0.75 m3/s). Pressurised pipeline to OCS dam (0.75 m3/s). Ngwadini OCS Dam (10.5 million m3/annum) located adjacent to the uMkomazi River. Goodenough Weir (raised from 3 to 3.5 m high), abstraction and low lift pump station for the WTW located on the uMkomazi River. Hydrocyclones desilting mechanisim (1.3 m3/s). High lift pump station (1.3 m3/s). Pressurised pipeline to Goodenough Reservoir (6 hours). Gravity pipeline to WTP (1.2 m3/s). WTP (100 Ml/day). Gravity pipeline to Quarry Reservoir (1.2 m3/s). Electrical sub-station (132 kV/22 kV), transmission and conveyance infrastructure. A solution to deliver water at the lowest possible overall cost, and with the least environmental impact to the South Coast area. Capacity: 100 Mℓ/day.
Institutional Arrangements The new infrastructure will be operated and maintained by Umgeni Water and will be part of the Bulk Supply agreement with the relevant stakeholders.
Beneficiaries This scheme will benefit the residents of the Upper and Middle South Coast regions. Assuming 200 l/person/day, the estimated number of beneficiaries from the anticipated capacity of 100 Ml/day may be 500 000 people.
467 Implementation The infrastructure is required by 2020 to meet the increasing demands within the supply area. The total cost is estimated to be R 2.9 billion (2016 base year costs).
Power supply to site has been flagged as a risk that could cause unnecessary project delays and to mitigate this Umgeni Water will have to facilitate the upgrades of regional networks. The associated contributions towards the electrical conveyance infrastructure have been included in the scheme cost.
The implementation programme critical path is the construction of Ngwadini Dam. However, the nature of the project offers flexibility and can deliver water, albeit with a 10% risk of non-supply, once the Goodenough abstraction weir and works, conveyance infrastructure, and the WTP are constructed. To enable this earlier delivery of water, related components of infrastructure have been grouped into practical implementation packages.
Planning on the Lower uMkhomazi Bulk Water Supply Scheme is now complete. The next stages of the project are detailed design and construction. Tenders for the detailed design component of this project were advertised in January 2017. The detailed design is expected to be completed by the end of 2018. After which construction is anticipated to commence.
468 8.6 North Coast System 8.6.1 uMshwathi Regional Bulk Water Supply Scheme Phase 4 (Southern Ndwedwe Bulk Water Supply Scheme )
Planning No. 204.18 Project No. UI0701A Project Status Detail design
Project Description The uMshwathi Regional Bulk Water Supply Scheme (RBWSS) supplies the rural hinterland east of Pietermaritzburg in KwaZulu-Natal. The Scheme will provide bulk water supply to large areas within the uMgungundlovu and iLembe WSA boundaries and will include the rural areas of Swayimane, Ozwathini, Efaye and the major part of Ndwedwe local municipality. The scheme will also supply economic activities in the areas of Appeldoorns and Marburg and will reinforce the supply to the towns of Wartburg, Dalton, Cool Air and Schroeders.
Umgeni Water implemented the uMshwathi RBWSS, which is an expansion of the earlier Wartburg Bulk Water Supply (Section 8.4.6). The extension will enable economic growth and provision of social services in existing centres, whilst greatly extending the supply area into the traditional settlement areas thereby improving the quality and reliability of water supply and supporting backlog eradication.
Umgeni Water completed a detailed feasibility study (DFS) for Phase 4 of the uMhwathi RBWSS (previously known as the Southern Ndwedwe BWSS) at the end of November 2015, which included a preliminary design phase (Figure 8.32).
The supply area of Phase 4 comprises the central and southern parts of the Ndwedwe Local Municipality and occupies roughly 50% of the total area of Ndwedwe Municipality. Within the study area the proximity of neighbouring eThekwini and the Dube Trade Port are the major economic drivers leading to densification in the southern parts of the study area. The area immediately around Montebello Hospital is another minor growth mode. The remainder of the study area is predominantly rural in nature with dispersed settlement patterns.
The DFS determined that the proposed source of water for the southern Ndwedwe area is the uMshwathi RBWSS. The uMshwathi RBWSS is supplied with water from the D.V. Harris WTP in Pietermaritzburg. One of the terminal points, the Dalton Reservoir, will be the supply node to the Nondabula and Montebello reservoirs, whereas the Bruyns Hill Reservoir, another terminal point of the uMshwathi RBWSS, will be the supply node to the Swayimane area and the western parts of the southern Ndwedwe area.
The uMshwathi RBWSS design has allowed for 25 Ml/day of potable water to be available at the Nondabula Reservoir for distribution to consumers in both northern and southern Ndwedwe areas.
The Bruyns Hill Reservoir, another terminal point of the uMshwathi RBWSS, will be the supply node to the Swayimane and the western parts of the southern Ndwedwe area. The design allows for 12 Ml/day of potable water to be made available at the Bruyns Hills Reservoir for distribution to consumers in the greater Swayimane area and the western parts of the southern Ndwedwe area.
469 Figure 8.32 shows an overview of the proposed infrastructure. This will ensure that all backlogs within the Greater Ndwedwe area are addressed. It will also relieve the supply of the Hazelmere BWSS by allowing a back-feed to the existing Ndwedwe Reservoir 4.
Institutional Arrangements Umgeni Water will own, operate and maintain the infrastructure of the uMshwathi RBWSS Phase 4 and will sell potable water from this system to the iLembe District Municipality as per the Bulk Water Supply Agreement.
Beneficiaries Phase 4 of the uMshwathi RBWSS will supply both rural and peri-urban settlement areas. Stats SA 2011 Census results and the Eskom 2011 building count were used to estimate the design population. For ease of planning, population estimates were determined for individual reservoir supply zones in the study area.
The population that will be supplied by this scheme is presented in Table 8.19.
Table 8.19 Supply from uMshwathi BRWSS Phase 4 Eskom 2011 2011 Estimated 2011 Adjusted 2045 Estimated Reservoir Zone Building Count Population Population Population
Nodabula (Direct supply to consumers) 347 2778 3008 4219
Esigedleni Main 430 3440 3502 4912
Esigedleni Res No 1 124 992 992 1391
Esigedleni Res No 2 204 1632 1632 2289
KwaHlope Res No 3 31 248 248 348
KwaHlope Res No 2 564 4512 4512 6328
Mgazini 188 1504 1504 2109
KwaSonkomba Res No 1 1439 11512 11780 16522
Ndwedwe Res 5 1709 13672 16539 23197
Matholamnyama 492 3936 4087 5704
KwaSonkomba Res No 2 885 7080 9440 13240
Ndwedwe Res 3 1129 9032 11587 16252
Ndwedwe Res 4 869 6952 7475 10484
Montabello 441 3528 3583 5025
Totals 8852 70816 79869 112022* *The 2011 calculated population within the study area is 79 869. The project design year is 2045 and the estimated design population is based on a 1.0% annual growth rate.
470
Figure 8.32 Layout of the proposed uMshwathi RBWSS Phase 4.
Implementation The anticipated completion date for the detailed design is towards the end of 2018. The phase of the uMshwathi RBWSS project is expected to cost R 720 million.
An application for grant funding has been submitted to DWS.
472 8.6.2 Lower Thukela Bulk Water Supply Scheme – Phase 2 Planning No. 204.19 Project No. Project Status Planning
Project Description Construction of Phase 1 of the Lower Thukela Bulk Water Supply Scheme (LTBWSS) was completed in December 2016. The plant was being commissioned at the time of writing this report. The Lower Thukela Bulk Water Supply Scheme will supply the town of KwaDukuza and en route communities in the KwaZulu-Natal North Coast. The Univeral Access Plan Phase 2 planning study (Umgeni Water 2016; see Section 2.7) identified the option to use LTBWSS to supply the King Cetshwayo District Municipality and the City of uMhlathuze. Phase 2 of the LTBWSS will double the treatment capacity from 55 Ml/day to 110 Ml/day and construct a pipeline to feed into a new 30 Ml reservoir on the outskirts of Mandini.
Key information on this project is summarised in Table 8.20.
Table 8.20 Project information: Lower Thukela BWSS – Phase 2 .
Project Upgrade WTP capacity from 55 Ml/day to 110 Ml/day. Components Additional raw and potable pumps and 7.2 km of 900 mm diameter bulk supply pipelines to deliver water from the WTP to Mandini. 30 Ml Command Reservoir in Mandini. Capacity 110 Ml/day
473 Figure 8.33 Lower uThukela Bulk Water Supply Scheme – Phase 2.
Institutional Arrangements Umgeni Water will own, operate and maintain the infrastructure of the Lower Thukela BWSS and will sell potable water from this system to the iLembe District Municipality. Investigations will be undertaken to determine if it is feasible for potable water from this system to be supplied to King Cetshwayo District Municipality and City of uMhlathuze.
Beneficiaries The beneficiaries of this scheme will be the town of KwaDukuza and the areas of the North Coast region and possibly communities and industries in King Cetshwayo District Municipality and City of uMhlathuze. Assuming 200 l/person/day, the estimated number of beneficiaries from the anticipated capacity of 110 Ml/day may be 550 000 people.
Implementation The Lower Thukela Bulk Water Supply Scheme – Phase 1 is complete and Phase 2 is at planning stage. The Universal Access Plan identified various options to supply King Cetshwayo District Municipality and City of uMhlathuze . Phase 2 will be implemented should it be determined to be a preferred supply option.
The estimated total cost of Phase 2 of the project is estimated to be R507 million.
475 8.6.3 Maphumulo Bulk Water Supply Scheme Planning No. 204.22 Project No. UI0307A / UI0307B / UI0307C / UI0307D / UI0308A Project Status Phase 1 – iMvutshane River Abstraction, pump station and raw water rising main, 6 Ml/day WTP, bulk pipelines and reservoirs – Complete. Phase 2 – Imvutshane Dam – Complete. Phase 3 – WTP upgrade to 12 Ml/day – Design. Phase 4 – Abstraction from Hlimbitwe River and raw water pipeline to iMvutshane Dam – Planning.
Project Description This scheme supplies the communities in Maphumulo, Maqumbi and Ashville from the iMvutshane River. This river is a tributary of the Hlimbitwa River (which in turn is a tributary of the Mvoti River) and is situated approximately 10 km south of Maphumulo Town. The construction of a run-of-river abstraction works on the iMvutshane River and 6 Ml/day WTP has been completed as part of Phase 1 of the project and was commissioned in August 2013. Phase 2 of the project, which was the construction of the iMvutshane Dam on the iMvutshane River (Figure 8.34), was completed in March 2015.
Future phases to the scheme include:
Phase 3 : Upgrade WTP by 6 Ml/day to new treatment capacity of 12 Ml/day and upgrade the raw water and potable water pumps; Phase 4: New weir, abstraction works, pump station on the Hlimbitwe River and pipeline to convey raw water into the iMvutshane Dam to meet the future 12 Ml/day demand.
Key information on this project is summarised in Table 8.21.
476
Figure 8.34 Layout of the proposed Maphumulo BWSS Phase 4. Table 8.21 Project information: Maphumulo BWSS.
Project Phase 1 Components iMvutshane River Abstraction, pump station and raw water rising main, 6 Ml/day WTP, bulk pipelines and reservoirs. Phase 2 3.2 million m3 iMvutshane Dam. Phase 3 Upgrade of the WTP to 12 Ml/day and new pumps. Phase 4 Weir and abstraction from Hlimbitwe River, pump station and pipeline to iMvutshane Dam. Capacity Phase 1: 6 Ml/day Phases 2, 3 &4: 12 Ml/day
Institutional Arrangements Umgeni Water will own, operate and maintain the infrastructure of the Maphumulo BWSS and will sell potable water from this system to the iLembe District Municipality as per the Bulk Water Supply Agreement.
Beneficiaries The Maphumulo BWSS will supply both rural and peri-urban settlement areas. The population that will be supplied by the Maphumulo BWSS is presented in Table 8.22.
Table 8.22 Rural demand to be supplied by the Maphumulo BWSS (MSW 2008).
Rural Supply Area Population
Maphumulo 4 872 Maqumbi (Phase 1) 26 280 Masibambasane CWSS 17 248 Kwa Sizabantu 17 192 Ngcebo 2 72 900 Ashville 11 264 TOTAL 149 756
Implementation Phases 1 and 2 of the Maphumulo BWSS are complete. Due to the low flows in the iMvutshane River, an emergency scheme was implemented in 2015. This supplies water from the Hlimbitwa River to the existing abstraction point on the iMvutshane River. Phase 3 is estimated to be completed by 2018 with Phase 4 in 2020. The estimated total cost of phases 3 and 4 of the project, is R215 million.
478
8.7 Elysium Desalination Plant
Planning No. 601.6 Project No. UI0911A Project Status Detailed Feasibility
Project Description The Elysium Desalination Project is a greenfield development intended to supplement potable water supplied by the Mtwalume Water Treatment Plant (WTP) where the demand for potable water regularly exceeds the capacity of the raw water resource during the dry season. The Elysium Desalination Project would supply water to the Elysium Reservoir and this will be the only interface with existing bulk water supply infrastructure in the area (Figure 8.35).
Due to poor availability of suitable fresh water resources in this region, desalination of seawater is considered the most reliable alternative source of water to supplement the output of WTP. The required potable water supply capacity of this initial phase is 2.5 Mℓ/day. Future development is anticipated in two or more future phases to an ultimate supply capacity of 10 Mℓ/day. It is necessary for the design of this initial phase to include for the anticipated future developments at lowest overall lifecycle cost. This will mean that certain components of the system may need to be designed at the outset, for the ultimate capacity of 10 Mℓ/day and that space must be reserved, in the initial site layout, for anticipated future development.
The extent of the Project includes all components necessary for implementation and operation of the bulk water supply system including location, design, specification, procurement, construction, operation, maintenance and repair over the project life cycle.
The Project comprises the following main physical components:
A Sea Water Abstraction System to provide raw sea water to the treatment works for processing, An Effluent Discharge System for safe disposal of brine and treated effluents, A Sea Water Reverse Osmosis (SWRO) Desalination plant including all necessary support processes for : . Raw water pre-treatment . SWRO Modules . Cleaning processes and chemical storage . Effluent Treatment . Post-treatment to UW Potable Water standards A Pump station and Rising Main to elevate water from the treatment works to the existing Elysium Reservoir. All necessary facilities, utilities and infrastructure for construction and subsequent operation of all of the installed plant.
479
Key information on this project is summarised in Table 8.23.
Table 8.23 Project description: Elysium Desalination Plant.
Project Bulk Infrastructure Components (10 Mℓ/day) Components Sea water intake and abstraction system (includes raw water pump station). Raw water rising main and brine disposal pipelines. Potable water delivery main and pump station.
Treatment Plant Components (2.5 Mℓ /day) Desalination Plant – to be located at Elysium with an initial capacity of 2.5 Mℓ/day and allowance for further modules to increase capacity to 10 Mℓ/day. Capacity 2.5 Mℓ/day
Institutional Arrangements The Elysium desalination plant is situated in Ugu District Municipality (DM). Umgeni Water will own, operate and maintain the plant and will sell potable water from this system to the Ugu DM, as per existing bulk water supply agreements.
Beneficiaries The scheme will serve consumers in the Ugu District Municipality. Assuming 200 l/person/day, the estimated number of beneficiaries from the anticipated capacity of 2.5 Ml/day may be 12 500 people.
Implementation The infrastructure is already required to meet the demands within the supply area. The estimated cost of the entire project is in the order of R 110 million at 2015 prices. The anticipated implementation programme is as follows: Preliminary Design completed by February 2018, Detailed Design by May 2018 ready for construction. Should the project proceed to construction, the anticipated commissioning date would be December 2018.
480
Figure 8.35 Proposed Elysium desalination sites. 8.8 Darvill Wastewater Works Upgrade
Planning No. 104.1 Project No. UI0665A Project Status Construction
Project Description The Darvill Wastewater Works (WWW) serves the city of Pietermaritzburg and surrounding communities. All water borne sewage flows by gravity or is pumped to Darvill, with the exception of a small community in Lynnfield, which has its own water borne sewage that is treated by the Lynnfield WWW (Section 7.3.3). There are, however, large areas of the city that are not served by the sewer reticulation network that are reliant on on-site sanitation system e.g. septic tanks and pit latrines. The extent of Darvill’s water borne sewer catchment area is illustrated in Figure 7.6. Darvill WWW is thus of strategic importance to the city and to the environment at large as the quality of the effluent discharged needs to comply with regulations.
Demand was exceeding the treatment capacity of the works and a capacity upgrade was therefore required. It was also determined through process evaluations that the current process was inadequate and needed to be adapted.
The wastewater works is being upgraded from 65 Mℓ/day to 100 Mℓ/day to meet current and future demands (Figure 8.36). This is a comprehensive upgrade with the majority of the existing processes and infrastructure being impacted upon. Details of the process upgrades are given in Table 8.24.
Two key elements of the upgrade are the sludge treatment and biological treatment aeration system. The present method of disposal of sludge by spray irrigation to land is operating adequately, but has its limitations especially as the capacity of the works increases to cope with growth. A new method of sludge thickening and dewatering is to be implemented involving the construction of a new sludge treatment building. The new facility will use linear screens for mechanical thickening and dewatering of waste activated sludge and digester sludge.
The traditional surface aerators are inefficient and will be removed and replaced by a fine bubble diffused aeration (FBDA) system. The FBDA system is made up of 22 680 diffusers in three aeration lanes that are connected by a pipe network that is supplied with air from four blowers. As opposed to surface aeration which requires a lot of mechanical energy to introduce oxygen into the system, FBDA release the air at the bottom of the aeration basin through the diffusers thus achieving and even dispersion and improved oxygen transfer.
Key information on this project is summarised in Table 8.24.
482
Table 8.24 Project information: Darvill Wastewater Works Upgrade.
Project Inlet Works Components . New inlet works design to handle a maximum flow of 200 Mℓ/day in 4 channels. . Two mechanical screens in each channel. Fat, Oil, Grease (FOG) and Grit Removal . Additional unit process because of high FOG loads in influent. . 200 Mℓ/day in 3 lanes. Primary Settling . Additional 40 m PST added. Settled Sewage Pump Station (SSPS) . The SSPS replaces the existing “Main Pump Station” which has reached its design life. . 3 duty, 1 standby and 1 spare. Biological treatment . Convert the existing anaerobic reactor to an activated sludge selector. . Convert the existing Aerobic Reactor to an Anaerobic / Anoxic reactor. . Construct a new deep basin reinforced concrete Aerobic Reactor with fine bubble diffused aeration (40 150 m3). Air for Biological Treatment . Blower House. . 4 x 645 kW Blowers each with a rated delivery of 7 m3/sec @ 90 kPa. . Air Header Mains. . 22 680 diffusers in three aeration lanes. Secondary Settling . 2 x 35 m diameter secondary settling tanks. Anaerobic Sludge Digesters . 2 x 4500 m3 digesters. Wash Water Treatment . Construct 2 Mℓ/day wash water / reclamation plant. . Unit processes will include disc filters, coagulation/flocculation, Ozonation granular activated carbon, ultra-filtration and hydrogen peroxide addition. Capacity 100 Mℓ/day Plant
483
Figure 8.36 Upgrade of Darvill WWW.
Institutional Arrangements Umgeni Water owns and operates the plant and is funding the project internally. The Msunduzi Municipality is charged a monthly tariff for discharging the city’s wastewater to Darvill.
Beneficiaries The Msunduzi Municipality is the main beneficiary of the upgrade as it will remove the constraint to development in the city.
Implementation The R 940 million project is currently being constructed (Figure 8.37 and Figure 8.38) and is due for completion in December 2017.
Figure 8.37 Darvill Anaerobic digester under construction.
485
Figure 8.38 Activated sludge tanks showing diffusers.
486
8.9 Mpophomeni Wastewater Works Upgrade
Planning No. 610.1 Project No. UI0801A Project Status Detailed Design Complete
Project Description The Mpophomeni Wastewater Works (WWW) is currently not operational and sewage from Mphophomeni Township is pumped to Howick WWW for treatment. The demand at Mphophomeni has increased to the extent where the flow exceeds the volume of effluent that the Howick WWW can treat. Additionally, there are a number of planned developments that will increase this flow significantly over the next few years. It was therefore proposed by the uMgungundlovu District Municipality that the Mphophomeni WWW be upgraded to treat 6 Mℓ/day with the possibility of upgrading the works to 12 Mℓ/day. The site has space for a plant of at least 20 Mℓ/day (Figure 8.39).
The following development initiatives by the municipality will be serviced by the Mpophomeni WWW, viz.:
Refurbishment of the existing sewage reticulation system in Mpophomeni Township will increase wastewater flows to the works (ADWF 3.6 Mℓ/day); The development of the Khayelisha social housing development on the banks of Midmar Dam (ADWF 1.3 Mℓ/day); and Planned light/mixed industrial development park (3 Mℓ/day).
The effluent from the works will be pumped and disposed of to the Sakubula stream adjacent to the national road (N3) in Howick. The pumping main will be approximately 6.8 km in length and of various diameters.
Key information on this project is summarised in Table 8.25.
Table 8.25 Project information: Mpophomeni Wastewater Works Upgrade. Project Inlet Works including a mechanical screen and vortex grit tanks (2No). Components Two 14 m diameter primary settling tanks. Primary sludge pump station. Refurbished digesters with new heating and sludge circulating system. Mechanical equipment to dewater digested primary and activated sludge. 6 Mℓ/d (BNR Activated Sludge Treatment Plant. Return Activated Sludge (RAS) pumping system. Waste Activated Sludge (WAS) pumping system. RAS and Storm Flow Recycle Refurbished Pump Station Sludge and Storm Flow Recycle Mechanical/Electrical Plant. Refurbished 2.25 Mℓ Storm bypass pond. One 25 m diameter secondary clarifier. One refurbished 18 m diameter secondary clarifier. Aluminium sulphate, lime and chlorine chemical dosing systems. Recycle pump station, pumping plant and pumping main from Maturation Ponds. Disposal pipeline (6.8 km) of various diameters. Pump station (2 duty, 1 stand-by) Capacity 6 Mℓ/day Plant
487
Figure 8.39 Upgrade of Mpophomeni WWW. Institutional Arrangements Umgeni Water will in future operate the plant on behalf of the uMgungundlovu District Municipality under a twenty year management contract. Umgeni Water is responsible for funding any capital improvements required by the plant. Umgeni Water charges a monthly management fee to the Municipality to cover all operation and maintenance costs as well as capital redemption.
Beneficiaries The uMgungundlovu District Municipality and uMngeni Local Municipality are the main beneficiaries of the upgrade.
Implementation The project is currently in tender adjudication / construction phase and will take approximately 18 months to complete. The estimated cost of the project is R151 million.
489 8.10 Trust Feeds Wastewater Works
Planning No. 610.4 Project No. Project Status Detailed Design
Project Description The uMgungundlovu District Municipality (UMDM) requested that Umgeni Water design and construct a new wastewater works (WWW) at Trust Feeds. The wastewater works will serve the existing Trust Feeds community as well as a new housing development proposed by the Department of Human Settlements. The ultimate capacity of the wastewater works will be 2 Mℓ/day, but initially only half the capacity will be constructed (1 Mℓ/day).
The project area is located approximately 4 km North West of Wartburg, on the eastern periphery of the uMshwathi LM boundary within Ward 8 of uMshwathi Local Municipality.
The project includes:
The existing semi-formal low income housing development known as Trust Feeds, which comprises approximately 800 houses. A proposed 3000 unit low income development which has been approved by the Department of Human Settlements to eliminate the housing backlog within the region. The new development is adjacent to Trust Feeds.
Key information on this project is summarised in Table 8.26.
Table 8.26 Project information: Trust Feeds Wastewater Works. Project Inlet Works including a mechanical screen, vortex grit chamber and flume type flow Components meter. 2 Mℓ/day (BNR) Activated Sludge Treatment Plant. Return Activated Sludge (RAS) pumping system. Waste Activated Sludge (WAS) pumping system. Two circular 15 m diameter secondary clarifiers. Chlorine chemical dosing tank. 15 no rectangular shaped drying beds Capacity 2 Mℓ/day Plant
Institutional Arrangements Umgeni Water will in future operate the plant on behalf of the Umgungundlovu District Municipality under a twenty year management contract. Umgeni Water is responsible for funding any capital improvements required by the plant. Umgeni Water charges a monthly management fee to the Municipality to cover all operation and maintenance costs as well as capital redemption.
Beneficiaries The uMgungundlovu District Municipality and uMshwathi Local Municipality are the main beneficiaries of the upgrade.
490
Figure 8.40 Trust Feeds WWW upgrade.
Implementation The project is currently in the detailed design phase, which should be completed in early 2017. The estimated capital cost of the project is R75 million.
492 8.11 Richmond Wastewater Works Upgrade
Planning No. 610.3 Project No. Project Status Detailed Design
Project Description The uMgungundlovu District Municipality (UMDM) requested Umgeni Water upgrade the Richmond wastewater works (WWW). The existing WWW only serves the town of Richmond, but in future the WWW will have to accommodate sewage flow from additional areas. The additional areas include the low income settlements of Siyathuthuka and Lusaka that currently make use of pit latrines for basic sanitation. There are also some residential units located within the existing Richmond residential area that also need to be included in the reticulation. Consideration will also be given to any proposed future developments in the area.
The proposed new extensions will cater for Biological Excess Phosphorous Removal with back-up chemical dosing facility. The ultimate capacity of the wastewater works will be 5 Mℓ/day, but initially only half the capacity will be constructed (2.5 Mℓ/day). Consulting engineers Worley Parsons (Pty) Ltd have been appointed to implement the project.
Key information on this project is summarised in Table 8.27.
Table 8.27 Project information: Richmond Wastewater Works. Project New inlet works including a mechanical screen, mechanical degritters, screenings Components conveyor and compactor and venture flume. 2 No additional aeration basins Return Activated Sludge (RAS) pumping system. Waste Activated Sludge (WAS) pumping system. 1 No additional circular 18 m diameter secondary clarifier. New chlorine contact channel. Upgrade the existing chlorine dosing building and chlorine dosing equipment New mechanical sludge handling equipment and housing building New sludge drying beds and scum trap New ferric dosing equipment Refurbishment of sewage retention pond Refurbishment of all ancillary facilities New SCADA system Capacity 5 Mℓ/day Plant
Institutional Arrangements Umgeni Water will in future operate the plant on behalf of the uMgungundlovu District Municipality under a twenty year management contract. Umgeni Water is responsible for funding any capital improvements required by the plant. Umgeni Water charges a monthly management fee to the Municipality to cover all operation and maintenance costs as well as capital redemption.
Beneficiaries The uMgungundlovu District Municipality and Richmond Local Municipality are the main beneficiaries of the upgrade.
493
Figure 8.41 Richmond WWW upgrade.
Implementation The detailed design should be complete by July 2017, at which point tenders for construction will be advertised. The estimated project cost is R 48 217 000 (inclusive of VAT). This figure includes the cost of all project phases: Planning, Design & Tender preparation and Construction.
495 REFERENCES
CSIR. 2015. Updated CSIR/SACN South African Settlement Typology, Prepared by van Huyssteen, E., Mans, G., le Roux, A, Maritz, J., Ngidi, M. and Maditse, K., March 2015. CSIR.
CSIR and SACN, 2016. South African Settlement Typology. GIS Dataset.
Department of Arts and Culture. “Toponymic Guidelines for Maps and Other Editors”. Department: Arts and Culture, South Africa. 2016. < http://www.dac.gov.za/content/toponymic-guidelines-map- and-other-editors>.
Department of Cooperative Governance and Traditional Affairs. 2009. State of Local Government in South Africa Overview Report National State of Local Government Assessments, Working Documents CoGTA 2009. Pretoria: South Africa.
Department of Cooperative Governance and Traditional Affairs. 2009. Local Government Turn- Around Strategy, November 2009. Pretoria: South Africa.
Department of Environmental Affairs and Geoterraimage (GTI). 2015. 2013 – 2014 South African National Land-Cover Dataset. March 2015, Version 05#2 (DEA Open Access). GIS Dataset.
Department of Rural Development and Land Reform. 2015. Development Edges: A Settlement Typology Update Approach and Data Report, Prepared by Michael Kahn and Dataworld, RDLR-0075 (September 2015). Pietermaritzburg: Department of Rural Development and Land Reform.
Department of Rural Development and Land Reform. 2009. Rural Settlements Update Project in KwaZulu-Natal, March 2009. Pietermaritzburg: Department of Rural Development and Land Reform.
Department of Rural Development and Land Reform. 2009. KwaZulu-Natal Urban Edges Close-Out Report, September 2009. Pietermaritzburg: Department of Rural Development and Land Reform.
Department of Trade and Industry. 2016. ‘Dube TradePort Designated as SEZ’. Government Notice No. 1093, Gazette No. 40515 23 September 2016.
Department of Water and Sanitation. 2016. ‘New Nine (9) Water Management Areas of South Africa’. Government Notice No. 1056, Gazette No. 40279 16 September 2016.
Department of Water and Sanitation, 2015. Classification of significant water resources and determination of the comprehensive reserve and resource quality objectives in the Mvoti to Umzimkulu Water Management Area. Pretoria: DWS.
Department of Water Affairs, 2012. National Water Resource Strategy (NWRS). Pretoria: DWA.
Department of Water Affairs. 2012. Ncwabeni Off-Channel Storage Dam feasibility study: module 1: technical study. Supporting report 1: Water Requirements and Water resources. Pretoria: Department of Water Affairs
Department of Water Affairs. 2011. Water Reconciliation Project-Reutilisation of Treated Waste Water. PRELIMINARY PHASE-Rapid Determination of the Environmental Water Requirements for the uMngeni Estuary. Pretoria: Department of Water Affairs.
I
Department of Water Affairs. 2010. Water Availability Assessment in the Lower Thukela River. Pretoria: Department of Water Affairs.
Department of Water Affairs. “WS NIS”. DWA Internet Home. 2012.
Department of Water Affairs and Forestry. 2008. KwaZulu-Natal Groundwater Plan. Version No. 2, January 2008. Pretoria: Department of Water Affairs and Forestry.
Department of Water Affairs and Forestry. 2006. Mooi-Mgeni River Transfer Scheme Phase 2: Feasibility Study – Bridging Study 5. Pretoria: Department of Water Affairs and Forestry.
Department of Water Affairs and Forestry. 2004. Mvoti to Mzimkhulu Water Management Area Internal Strategic Perspective (ISP). Pretoria: Department of Water Affairs and Forestry.
Department of Water Affairs and Forestry. 2004. Thukela Water Management Area Internal Strategic Perspective (ISP). Pretoria: Department of Water Affairs and Forestry.
Department of Water Affairs and Forestry. 2004. Thukela Reserve Determination Study. Pretoria: Department of Water Affairs and Forestry.
Department of Water Affairs and Forestry. 2003. Mkomazi Mooi-Mgeni River Transfer Scheme Phase 2: Feasibility Study, Main Report, Report No. PB V200-00-1501. Pretoria: Department of Water Affairs and Forestry.
Department of Water Affairs and Forestry. 2003. Hazelmere Dam Raising Feasibility Study. Pretoria: Department of Water Affairs and Forestry.
Department of Water Affairs and Forestry. 1999. Mkomazi/Mgeni/Mooi River Hydrology Update. Pretoria: Department of Water Affairs and Forestry.
Dijkstra, L. and Poelman, H. 2014. A Harmonised Definition of Cities and Rural Areas: the New Degree of Urbanisation, Regional Working Paper 2014 WP 01/2014. European Commission.
Eskom. 2011. SPOT Building Count (SBC). GIS Dataset.
Ezemvelo KZN Wildlife. 2016. KZN CBA Irreplaceable, Version 01022016. GIS Dataset.
Ezemvelo KZN Wildlife. 2016. KZN CBA Optimal, Version 03032016. GIS Dataset.
Ezemvelo KZN Wildlife. 2016. KZN ESA, Version 01022016. GIS Dataset.
Ezemvelo KZN Wildlife. 2016. KZN ESA Species Specific, Version 11072016. GIS Dataset.
Ezemvelo KZN Wildlife. 2016. Draft KwaZulu-Natal Biodiversity Spatial Planning Terms and Processes, Version 3.3, 27 January 2016. Pietermaritzburg: Ezemvelo KZN Wildlife.
Ezemvelo KZN Wildlife. 2014. 2008 Land Cover. GIS Dataset.
Ezemvelo KZN Wildlife. 2014. 2011 Land Cover. GIS Dataset.
II
Ezemvelo KZN Wildlife. 2010. Terrestrial Systematic Conservation Plan. GIS Dataset.
Global Human Settlement. 2017. Global Human Settlement Layer. GIS Dataset. < http://data.jrc.ec.europa.eu/collection/GHSL>
KZN Department of Agriculture and Environmental Affairs. 2012. KZN Agricultural Land Categories. GIS Dataset.
KZN Department of Co-operative Governance and Traditional Affairs. 2016. KwaZulu-Natal Strategic Corridor Development Plan, 13 April 2016. Pietermaritzburg: KZN CoGTA.
KZN Department of Co-operative Governance and Traditional Affairs. 2016. KwaZulu-Natal Strategic Corridor Development Plan. GIS Dataset.
KZN Department of Economic Development, Tourism and Environmental Affairs. 2017. PSEDS 2016. GIS Dataset.
KZN Department of Economic Development, Tourism and Environmental Affairs. 2017. Formulation of Provincial Spatial Economic Development Strategy (PSEDS) Corridor and Nodal Framework and Data Mapping, Q 41 EDTEA 15/16. Pietermaritzburg: KZN EDTEA.
KZN Department of Human Settlements and Housing Development Agency. 2016. Defining a Provincial Human Settlements Master Spatial Plan for KwaZulu-Natal for Human Settlements Investment, May 2016, HAD/KZN/2015/001. Durban: HDA.
KZN Department of Human Settlements and Housing Development Agency. 2016. KZN Human Settlements Master Spatial Plan. GIS Dataset.
KZN Department of Transport. 2011. Road Infrastructure Framework of South Africa. GIS Dataset.
KwaZulu-Natal Provincial Planning Commission. 2017. KwaZulu-Natal 2035 Provincial Growth and Development Strategy, 2016, ISBN1-920041-15-X. Pietermaritzburg: KwaZulu-Natal Provincial Planning Commission.
KwaZulu-Natal Provincial Planning Commission. 2017. KwaZulu-Natal 2035 Provincial Growth and Development Plan, 2016/17, ISBN1-920041-24-9. Pietermaritzburg: KwaZulu-Natal Provincial Planning Commission.
KwaZulu-Natal Provincial Planning Commission. 2017. Moving KZN Toward Achieving Vision 2035 Nerve Centre, KZN IMP and Catalytic Project Support Focus, Presentation by KZN Department of Public Works at the PGDP-DGDP-IDP Alignment Sessions April 2017. < http://www.kznppc.gov.za/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=125&Itemid=159>.
KwaZulu-Natal Provincial Planning Commission. 2016. 2035 Provincial Growth and Development Strategy, 2016. GIS Dataset.
KwaZulu-Natal Provincial Planning Commission. 2016. KwaZulu-Natal Situational Overview, 2016. Pietermaritzburg: KwaZulu-Natal Provincial Planning Commission.
III KwaZulu-Natal Provincial Planning Commission. 2011. Provincial Growth and Development Strategy 2011, Version 22 Final 31-08-2011. Pietermaritzburg: KwaZulu-Natal Provincial Planning Commission.
KZN Treasury. 2017. KZN Gross Domestic Product by Region Spreadsheet (after Global Insight). Pietermaritzburg: KZN Treasury.
Midgley, D.C., Pitman, W.V. and Middleton, B.J. 1994. Surface Water Resources of South Africa 1990. Volume VI. Drainage Regions U,V,W,X - Eastern Escarpment– Appendices and Book of Maps. WRC Report Number 298/6.1/94. Pretoria: WRC.
Municipal Demarcation Board. 2016. Municipal and Ward Boundaries. GIS Dataset.
Municipal Demarcation Board. 2011. Municipal and Ward Boundaries. GIS Dataset.
National Planning Commission. 2012. National Development Plan 2030 Our Future – Make it Work. Pretoria: National Planning Commission.
Presidential Infrastructure Coordinating Commission. 2012. National Infrastructure Plan. < http://www.info.gov.za/issues/national-infrastructure-plan/index.html>.
Schulze, R. 1995. Hydrology and Agrohydrology: A Text to Accompany the ACRU 3.00 Agrohydrological Modelling System, WRC Report TT69/95. Pretoria: Water Research Commission.
Statistics South Africa. 2017. Community Survey 2016. SuperCross Database.
Statistics South Africa. 2016. 2015 KwaZulu-Natal Citizen Satisfaction Survey: Analytical Report, Report No. 03-00-07. Pretoria: South Africa.
Statistics South Africa. 2014. South African Multidimensional Poverty Index. GIS Dataset.
Statistics South Africa. 2014. The South African MPI, Report No. 03-10-06, 2014. Pretoria: Statistics SA.
Statistics South Africa. 2013. Census 2011.
Umgeni Water. 2017. Draft Infrastructure Master Plan 2017/2018 Geodatabase. GIS Dataset.
Umgeni Water. 2016. Universal Access Plan Phase 2. Prepared by Bigen Africa; Hatch Goba; JTN Consulting; UWP Consulting; Ziyanda Consulting. Pietermaritzburg: Umgeni Water.
Umgeni Water. 2016. Infrastructure Master Plan 2016 Volume 1 2016/2017 – 2046/2047 March 2016. Pietermaritzburg: Umgeni Water.
Umgeni Water. 2016. Infrastructure Master Plan 2016 Volume 2 2016/2017 – 2046/2047 March 2016. Pietermaritzburg: Umgeni Water.
Umgeni Water. 2015. Infrastructure Master Plan 2015 Volume 1 2015/2016 – 2045/2046 March 2015. Pietermaritzburg: Umgeni Water.
IV Umgeni Water. 2015. Infrastructure Master Plan 2015 Volume 2 2015/2016 – 2045/2046 March 2015. Pietermaritzburg: Umgeni Water.
Umgeni Water. 2014. Infrastructure Master Plan 2014 Volume 1 2014/2015 – 2044/2045 April 2014. Pietermaritzburg: Umgeni Water.
Umgeni Water. 2014. Infrastructure Master Plan 2014 Volume 2 2014/2015 – 2044/2045 April 2014. Pietermaritzburg: Umgeni Water.
Umgeni Water. 2013. Infrastructure Master Plan 2013 Volume 1 2013/2014 – 2043/2044 September 2013. Pietermaritzburg: Umgeni Water.
Umgeni Water. 2013. Infrastructure Master Plan 2013 Volume 2 2013/2014 – 2043/2044 September 2013. Pietermaritzburg: Umgeni Water.
Umgeni Water. 2012. Infrastructure Master Plan 2012 Volume 1 2012/2013 – 2042/2043 April 2012. Pietermaritzburg: Umgeni Water.
Umgeni Water. 2012. Infrastructure Master Plan 2012 Volume 2 2012/2013 – 2042/2043 April 2012. Pietermaritzburg: Umgeni Water.
Umgeni Water. 2011. Infrastructure Master Plan 2011 Volume 1 2011/2012 – 2041/2042 April 2011. Pietermaritzburg: Umgeni Water.
Umgeni Water. 2011. Infrastructure Master Plan 2011 Volume 2 2011/2012 – 2041/2042 April 2011. Pietermaritzburg: Umgeni Water.
Umgeni Water. 2011. Mdloti Water Resources Planning Model Update for Raised Hazelmere Dam. Pietermaritzburg: Umgeni Water.
Umgeni Water. 2010. Infrastructure Master Plan 2010 Volume 1 2010/2011 – 2040/2041 April 2011. Pietermaritzburg: Umgeni Water.
Umgeni Water. 2010. Infrastructure Master Plan 2010 Volume 2 2010/2011 – 2040/2041 May 2010. Pietermaritzburg: Umgeni Water.
Umgeni Water. 2009. Update to Infrastructure Master Plan 2008 Umgeni Water Infrastructure Master Plan 2009 2009/2010 – 2039/2040 May 2009. Pietermaritzburg: Umgeni Water.
Umgeni Water. 2008. Umgeni Water Infrastructure Master Plan 2008 Volume I 2008/2009 – 2009/2010 February 2008. Pietermaritzburg: Umgeni Water.
Umgeni Water. 2008. Umgeni Water Infrastructure Master Plan 2008 Volume II 2008/2009 – 2009/2010 February 2008. Pietermaritzburg: Umgeni Water.
Umgeni Water. 2006. KwaZulu-Natal Regional Bulk Water Supply: Reconnaissance Study-Southern Regional Schemes. Pietermaritzburg: Umgeni Water.
Umgeni Water. 2004. Umgeni Water Infrastructure Master Plan 2004. Pietermaritzburg: Umgeni Water.
V Umgeni Water and Department of Water Affairs. 2009. Greater Bulwer/Donnybrook Bulk Water Supply Scheme. Pretoria: Department of Water Affairs and Forestry.
Umgeni Water and Department of Water Affairs and Forestry. 1999. Mkomazi/Mgeni/Mooi River Hydrology Update. Pretoria: Department of Water Affairs and Forestry.
Umgeni Water and Department of Water Affairs and Forestry. 1999. System Analysis – Ngwadini and Temple dams. Pretoria: Department of Water Affairs and Forestry.
Umgeni Water and Gibb Africa. 1997. Middle South Coast bulk water supply: Pre Feasibility Extension Study. Pietermaritzburg: Umgeni Water.
Umgeni Water and Partners in Development. 1998. Feasibility Study for the proposed Sikoto Dam - Ozwatini Water Project. Pietermaritzburg: Umgeni Water.
Umgeni Water and MBB. 2009. Maphumulo Bulk Water Supply Scheme initial feasibility study for the proposed Imvutshane Dam. Pietermaritzburg: Umgeni Water.
Umgeni Water and SRK. 2000. Risk assessment of water supply shortfalls to the Middle South Coast Water Supply Area. Pietermaritzburg: Umgeni Water.
Umgeni Water and WRP Consulting Engineers (Pty) Ltd. 2009. Water Resources Operational Planning Analysis of the Mooi-Mgeni River System. Pietermaritzburg: Umgeni Water.
Umgeni Water and WRP Consulting Engineers (Pty) Ltd. 2002. Development of a Decision Support System for the Operational Planning of the Middle South Coast System. Pietermaritzburg: Umgeni Water.
UN Habitat. 2016. Habitat III New Urban Agenda, 2016. Quito: UN Habitat.
United Nations Statistical Commission. 2017. Annex III Revised List of Global Sustainable Development Goal Indicators, Report of the Inter-Agency and Expert Group on Sustainable Development Goal Indicators (E/CN.3/2017/2). New York: United Nations.
WRP. 2007. Mooi-Mgeni River Transfer Scheme Phase 2: Feasibility Study: Bridging Study No. 5: Stochastic Hydrology and Determination of Yield and Transfer Capacity of the Mooi-Mgeni Transfer Scheme (MMTS) and Operating Rules of the Mooi and Mgeni Systems with the MMTS in Place. Department of Water Affairs and Forestry, Directorate: Options Analysis. Report No. WMA 07/V20/00/1807. Authors: Schäfer, NW, De Jager, FGB and Van Rooyen, PG.
VI
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Umgeni Water’s comprehensive 2016 Infrastructure Master Plan has been updated and improved to produce this 2017 version. The concerted effort of the Planning Services Department as a whole in producing this document is acknowledged and appreciated. Specific contributions by the various team members deserves acknowledgement: Alka Ramnath (Planner) for managing the project, writing Section 2 of this report (including the cartographic presentation), assisting with updating the spatial information and editing the two volumes; Graham Metcalf (Geohydrologist) for assisting with the management of the project process, updating the groundwater sections and preparing the sections on wastewater, reclamation and desalination. Without such valuable input the project would not have been possible. Planning Engineers Gavin Subramanian (North), Angus Nicoll (South and Central), Vernon Perumal (Harry Gwala; Section 4; and assisting with the conversion of CAD to GIS) and Mark Scott (Inland) updated the various components relating to the water supply infrastructure plans and projects. Sandile Sithole (Hydrologist) and Sakhile Hlalukane (Hydrologist), updated the various sections relating to the water resource regions in Volume I. Ntombifuthi Vilakazi (Planning Analyst) revised the section on climate change. Nombuso Dladla (Data Analyst) updated the spatial information and maps. Sifiso Khathi (Graduate Trainee – Hydrologist) and Thabani Zondi (Graduate Trainee – Hydrologist) assisted with the proof-reading of the IMP. Tatum Donnelly (Administrator) kept the department functioning smoothly throughout the project under challenging physical conditions.
The 2017 Infrastructure Master Plan was not completed by the abovementioned people without the valued assistance of numerous other staff members within Umgeni Water. Their contributions are gratefully acknowledged. Operations Division staff provided assistance in updating and confirming infrastructure information. The Water and Environment Department kindly provided updated information on water quality within the various water resource regions in Section 5, and Process Services supplied the process and treatment details for each of the water treatment plants in Section 6.
Kevin Meier, PLANNING SERVICES MANAGER
VII