Connecting Citizens to Science
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Tesi Di Laurea La Solidarietà Digitale
Tesi di Laurea La Solidarietà Digitale Da Seti@home a Boinc. Ipotesi di una società dell’elaborazione. di Francesco Morello 1 INDICE Introduzione............................................................... 4 Capitolo I Calcolo Vontario....................................... 5 1.1 Dai media di massa al calcolo distribuito......... 5 1.2 Calcolo Distribuito............................................... 6 1.3 Calcolo Volontario............................................... 8 1.3.1 Come funziona il calcolo volontario ?.......... 10 1.3.2 Applicazioni del Calcolo Volontario.............. 11 Capitolo II Analisi di BOINC.................................... 23 2.1 Piattaforma per il calcolo volontario............... 23 2.2 Architettura di BOINC........................................ 25 2.2.1 L'interfaccia di BOINC.................................... 25 2.2.2 Progetti e Volontari......................................... 31 2.2.3 Checkpointing e Work unit............................ 32 2.2.4 Crediti e ridondanza....................................... 32 2.2.5 Gli scopi di BOINC.......................................... 33 Capitolo III Aspetti tecnici del calcolo distribuito 36 3.1 Grid Computing vs Volunteer Computing....... 36 3.2 Hardware e Software per il Distributed Computing38 3.2.1 La Playstation 3 per raggiungere il Petaflop.41 Capitolo IV Aspetti sociali del calcolo volontario 45 4.1 Riavvicinarci alla scienza.................................. 45 2 4.2 Volontari oltre la CPU........................................ 47 4.2.1 Forum, Blog -
Volunteer Computing Different Grids for Different Needs
From the Web to the Grid How did the Grid start? • Name “Grid” chosen by analogy with electric power grid (Foster and Kesselman 1997) • Vision: plug-in computer for processing power just like plugging in toaster for electricity. • Concept has been around for decades (distributed computing, metacomputing) • Key difference with the Grid is to realise the vision on a global scale. From the Web to the Grid – 2007 HST 2011: Grids and Volunteer Computing Different Grids for different needs There is as yet no unified Grid, like there is a single web. Rather there are many Grids for many applications: • Enterprise Grids link together PCs within one company. • Volunteer computing links together public computers. • Scientific Grids link together major computing centres. • Latest trend federates national Grids into global Grid infrastructure. • High Energy Physics is a driving force for this. HST 2011: Grids and Volunteer Computing The LHC data challenge 1 Megabyte (1MB) • 40 million bunch collisions per second A digital photo 1 Gigabyte (1GB) = 1000MB • After filtering, ~100 collisions of 5GB = A DVD movie interest per second per detector 1 Terabyte (1TB) = 1000GB World annual book production • > 1 Megabyte of data per collision 1 Petabyte (1PB) recording rate > 1 Gigabyte/sec = 1000TB Annual production of one LHC experiment 10 • 10 collisions recorded each year 1 Exabyte (1EB) stored data ~15 Petabytes/year = 1000 PB 3EB = World annual information production …for more than 10 years HST 2011: Grids and Volunteer Computing Data Storage for the LHC Balloon (30 Km) • LHC data correspond to about 20 million CDs each year! CD stack with 1 year LHC data! (~ 20 Km) Concorde Where will the (15 Km) experiments store all of these data? Mt. -
Spin-Off Successes of SETI Research at Berkeley
**FULL TITLE** ASP Conference Series, Vol. **VOLUME**, c **YEAR OF PUBLICATION** **NAMES OF EDITORS** Spin-Off Successes of SETI Research at Berkeley K. A. Douglas School of Physics, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom D. P. Anderson, R. Bankay, H. Chen, J. Cobb, E.J. Korpela, M. Lebofsky, A. Parsons, J. Von Korff, D. Werthimer Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley CA, USA 94720 Abstract. Our group contributes to the Search for Extra-Terrestrial Intelligence (SETI) by developing and using world-class signal processing computers to analyze data collected on the Arecibo telescope. Although no patterned signal of extra-terrestrial origin has yet been detected, and the immediate prospects for making such a detection are highly uncertain, the SETI@home project has nonetheless proven the value of pursuing such research through its impact on the fields of distributed computing, real-time signal pro- cessing, and radio astronomy. The SETI@home project has spun off the Center for Astronomy Signal Processing and Electronics Research (CASPER) and the Berkeley Open Infrastructure for Networked Computing (BOINC), both of which are responsi- ble for catalyzing a smorgasbord of new research in scientific disciplines in countries around the world. Futhermore, the data collected and archived for the SETI@home project is proving valuable in data-mining experiments for mapping neutral galatic hy- drogen and for detecting black-hole evaporation. 1 The SETI@home Project at UC Berkeley SETI@home is a distributed computing project harnessing the power from millions of volunteer computers around the world (Anderson 2002). Data collected at the Arecibo radio telescope via commensal observations are filtered and calibrated using real-time signal processing hardware, and selectable channels are recorded to disk. -
Analysis and Predictions of DNA Sequence Transformations on Grids
Analysis and Predictions of DNA Sequence Transformations on Grids A Thesis Submitted for the Degree of Master of Science (Engineering) in the Faculty of Engineering By Yadnyesh R. Joshi Supercomputer Education and Research Centre INDIAN INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE BANGALORE – 560 012, INDIA August 2007 Acknowledgments First of all I would like to extend my sincere thanks to my research supervisor Dr. Sathish Vadhiyar for his constant guidance and support during the entire period of my post-graduation at IISc. He was always approachable, supportive and ready to help in any sort of problem. I am very thankful to him for being extremely patient and understanding about the silly mistakes that I had made. Under his guidance I learned to approach problems in an organized manner and set realistic goals for my research. I thank him for his extreme patience and excellent technical guidance in writing and presenting research. Finally, he was and continues to be my role model for his hard work and passion for research. I am also thankful to Dr. Nagasuma Chandra, Dr. Debnath Pal from S.E.R.C. and Dr. Narendra Dixit from Chemical Engineering department for their very useful and interesting insights into the biological domain of our research. I am also thankful to all the faculty of S.E.R.C. for always inspiring us with their motivational talks. I would like to mention the names of my colleagues Sandip, Sanjay, Rakhi, Sundari, Antoine and Roshan for making their technical and emotional support. Special thanks to vatyaa kya group members for the adventures and the routines inside and outside the institute. -
"Challenges and Formal Aspects of Volunteer Computing"
BUDAPEST UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY AND ECONOMICS FACULTY OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING AND INFORMATICS DEPARTMENT OF AUTOMATION AND APPLIED INFORMATICS Attila Csaba Marosi Önkéntes Számítási Rendszerek Kihívásai és Formális Aspektusai Challenges and Formal Aspects of Volunteer Computing Ph.D. Thesis Thesis Advisors: Péter Kacsuk MTA SZTAKI, LPDS Sándor Juhász BME, AUT Budapest, 2016. ‘‘The important thing is not to stop questioning. Curiosity has its own reason for existing. One cannot help but be in awe when he contemplates the mysteries of eternity, of life, of the marvelous structure of reality. It is enough if one tries merely to comprehend a little of this mystery every day. Never lose a holy curiosity.’’ -- Albert Einstein Abstract Volunteer Computing (VC) and Desktop Grid (DG) systems collect and make available the donated the resources from non-dedicated computers like office and home desktops. VC systems are usually deployed to solve a grand compute intensive problem by researchers who either don’t have access to or don’t have the resources to buy a dedicated infrastruc- ture; or simply don’t want to maintain such an infrastructure. VC and DG paradigms seem similar, however they target different use cases and environments: DG systems operate within the boundaries of institutes, while VC systems collect resources from the publicly accessible internet. Evidently VC resembles DGs whereas DGs are not fully equivalent to VC. Contrary to “traditional grids” [1,2] there is no formal definition for the relationship of DG and VC that could be used to categorize existing systems. There are informal at- tempts to categorize them and compare with grid systems [3,4,5]. -
Analyzing Daily Computing Runtimes on the World Community Grid
https://doi.org/10.48009/3_iis_2020_289-297 Issues in Information Systems Volume 21, Issue 3, pp. 289-297, 2020 EXPLORING GRID COMPUTING & VOLUNTEER COMPUTING: ANALYZING DAILY COMPUTING RUNTIMES ON THE WORLD COMMUNITY GRID Kieran Raabe, Bloomsburg University of Pennsylvania, [email protected] Loreen M. Powell, Bloomsburg University of Pennsylvania, [email protected] ABSTRACT In the early 1990s, the concept of grid computing was little more than a simple comparison which stated that making computing power as accessible as electricity from a power grid. Today, grid computing is far more complex. Grid computing involves utilizing unused computing power from devices across the globe to run calculations and simulations and submit the results to move a project closer to its goal. Some projects, such as World Community Grid, work to achieve numerous goals, herein referred to as subprojects. The goal of this research is to explore grid computing and volunteer computing. Specifically, this research involved a daily collection of statistics on daily results returned to World Community Grid and daily computing runtimes for three subprojects named Africa Rainfall Project, Microbiome Immunity Project, and Help Stop TB. The data collection lasted four weeks and resulted in five graphs for each subproject being created with the collected data. Results revealed a correlation between daily results returned and daily runtimes, with each data point for results returned being slightly lower than the runtime data point from the same day. Keywords: Grid Computing, Volunteer Computing, BOINC, World Community Grid INTRODUCTION The concept of grid computing has existed since the early 1990s. Originally “a metaphor for making computer power as easy to access by the user as electricity from a power grid” (Dutton & Jeffreys, 2010). -
Installer Et Configurer BOINC
Installer et configurer BOINC Didacticiel créé par [AF>2TF]Crashoveride, [AF>2TF]Jojo et [AF>2TF]Kyplinor Membres de L'Alliance Francophone , Président, Secrétaire et Trésorier de la 2TF Asso Didacticiel version 3.00 Vérifiez les mises à jour sur http://didacticiel-pas-a-pas.boinc-2tf.org rubrique didacticiel Vous disposez d’un droit de diffusion gratuite de ce dossier. Toute diffusion payante ou réutilisation totale ou partielle sans le consentement de ses auteurs est passible de poursuites. Sommaire du didacticiel : I) Découvrir BOINC A) Le logiciel plateforme a) Un peu d’histoire b) Buts et objectifs c) Fonctionnement 1) Le système de crédits 2) La charte environnementale 3) Comment BOINC utilise t il votre ordinateur ? 4) Un système et des projets NON LUCRATIFS B) La communauté développée autour de BOINC II) Comment installer BOINC ? III) Comment rejoindre un projet sous BOINC? IV) Comment configurer un compte de projet BOINC ? A) Généralités B) Détails a) Page principale b) Pages secondaires C) Les configurations du programme lui même V) Liste des projets actuels VI)Lexique BOINC VII) Liens utiles VIII) Pour aller plus loin A) Les Global Account Managers B) Les clients optimisés C) Aider BOINC autrement a) Diffusion de l’information b) « Recrutement » D) Optimiser son ordinateur pour le calcul E) Faire face aux bugs éventuels IX) Qu’est ce que L’Alliance Francophone ? A) La communauté B) La mini team 2TF Team et l’association (loi 1901) 2TF Asso a) Principe de mini teams b) La 2TF Team, pourquoi pas ? c) La 2TF Asso I) Découvrir BOINC BOINC signifie Berkeley Open Infrastructure for Network Computing (Infrastructure Open source de l'université de Berkeley pour le traitement informatique en réseau). -
An Investigation Into Citizen Cyberscience
When Scientists Meet the Public: An Investigation into Citizen Cyberscience Peter Darch Corpus Christi College University of Oxford A dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Michaelmas Term 2011 Peter Darch Corpus Christi College When Scientists Meet the Public: An Investigation into Citizen Cyberscience Abstract Citizen Cyberscience Projects (CCPs) are projects mediated through the Internet, in which teams of scientists recruit members of the public (volunteers) to assist in scientific research, typically through the processing of large quantities of data. This thesis presents qualitative ethnographic case studies of the communities that have formed around two such projects, climateprediction.net and Galaxy Zoo. By considering these social actors in the broader contexts in which they are situated (historical, institutional, social, scientific), I discuss the co-shaping of the interests of these actors, the nature of the relationships amongst these actors, and the infrastructure of the projects and the purposes and nature of the scientific work performed. The thesis focusses on two relationships in particular. The first is that between scientists and volunteers, finding that, although scientists in both projects are concerned with treating volunteers with respect, there are nevertheless considerable differences between the projects. These are related to a number of interconnecting factors, including the particular contexts in which each project is embedded, the nature of the scientific work that volunteers are asked to undertake, the possibilities and challenges for the future development of the projects as perceived by the scientists, and the tools at the disposal of the respective teams of scientists for mediating relationships with volunteers. -
Deploying and Maintaining a Campus Grid at Clemson University Dru Sepulveda Clemson University, [email protected]
Clemson University TigerPrints All Theses Theses 8-2009 Deploying and Maintaining a Campus Grid at Clemson University Dru Sepulveda Clemson University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/all_theses Part of the Computer Sciences Commons Recommended Citation Sepulveda, Dru, "Deploying and Maintaining a Campus Grid at Clemson University" (2009). All Theses. 662. https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/all_theses/662 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses at TigerPrints. It has been accepted for inclusion in All Theses by an authorized administrator of TigerPrints. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Deploying and Maintaining a Campus Grid at Clemson University A Thesis Presented to the Graduate School of Clemson University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Masters Computer Science by Dru Sepulveda May 2009 Accepted by: Sebastien Goasguen, Committee Chair Mark Smotherman Steven Stevenson Abstract Many institutions have all the tools needed to create a local grid that aggregates commodity compute resources into an accessible grid service, while simultaneously maintaining user satisfaction and system security. In this thesis, the author presents a three-tiered strategy used at Clemson University to deploy and maintain a grid infrastructure by making resources available to both local and federated remote users for scientific research. Using this approach virtually no compute cycles are wasted. Usage trends and power consumption statistics collected from the Clemson campus grid are used as a reference for best-practices. The loosely-coupled components that comprise the campus grid work together to form a highly cohesive infrastructure that not only meets the computing needs of local users, but also helps to fill the needs of the scientific community at large. -
Primegrid: Searching for a New World Record Prime Number
PrimeGrid: Searching for a New World Record Prime Number rimeGrid [1] is a volunteer computing project which has mid-19th century the only known method of primality proving two main aims; firstly to find large prime numbers, and sec- was to exhaustively trial divide the candidate integer by all primes Pondly to educate members of the project and the wider pub- up to its square root. With some small improvements due to Euler, lic about the mathematics of primes. This means engaging people this method was used by Fortuné Llandry in 1867 to prove the from all walks of life in computational mathematics is essential to primality of 3203431780337 (13 digits long). Only 9 years later a the success of the project. breakthrough was to come when Édouard Lucas developed a new In the first regard we have been very successful – as of No- method based on Group Theory, and proved 2127 – 1 (39 digits) to vember 2013, over 70% of the primes on the Top 5000 list [2] of be prime. Modified slightly by Lehmer in the 1930s, Lucas Se- largest known primes were discovered by PrimeGrid. The project quences are still in use today! also holds various records including the discoveries of the largest The next important breakthrough in primality testing was the known Cullen and Woodall Primes (with a little over 2 million development of electronic computers in the latter half of the 20th and 1 million decimal digits, respectively), the largest known Twin century. In 1951 the largest known prime (proved with the aid Primes and Sophie Germain Prime Pairs, and the longest sequence of a mechanical calculator), was (2148 + 1)/17 at 49 digits long, of primes in arithmetic progression (26 of them, with a difference but this was swiftly beaten by several successive discoveries by of over 23 million between each). -
Desktop Grids for Escience
Produced by the IDGF-SP project for the International Desktop Grid Federation A Road Map Desktop Grids for eScience Technical part – December 2013 IDGF/IDGF-SP International Desktop Grid federation http://desktopgridfederation.org Edited by Ad Emmen Leslie Versweyveld Contributions Robert Lovas Bernhard Schott Erika Swiderski Peter Hannape Graphics are produced by the projects. version 4.2 2013-12-27 © 2013 IDGF-SP Consortium: http://idgf-sp.eu IDGF-SP is supported by the FP7 Capacities Programme under contract nr RI-312297. Copyright (c) 2013. Members of IDGF-SP consortium, see http://degisco.eu/partners for details on the copyright holders. You are permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies of this document containing this copyright notice but modifying this document is not allowed. You are permitted to copy this document in whole or in part into other documents if you attach the following reference to the copied elements: ‘Copyright (c) 2013. Members of IDGF-SP consortium - http://idgf-sp.eu’. The commercial use of any information contained in this document may require a license from the proprietor of that information. The IDGF-SP consortium members do not warrant that the information contained in the deliverable is capable of use, or that use of the information is free from risk, and accept no liability for loss or damage suffered by any person and organisation using this information. – 2 – Preface This document is produced by the IDGF-SP project for the International Desktop Grid Fe- deration. Please note that there are some links in this document pointing to the Desktop Grid Federation portal, that requires you to be signed in first. -
Integrated Service and Desktop Grids for Scientific Computing
Integrated Service and Desktop Grids for Scientific Computing Robert Lovas Computer and Automation Research Institute, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary [email protected] Ad Emmen AlmereGrid, Almere, The Nederlands [email protected] RI-261561 GRID 2010, DUBNA Why Desktop Grids are important? http://knowledgebase.ehttp://knowledgebase.e--irg.euirg.eu RI-261561 GRID 2010, DUBNA Introduction RI-261561 WP4 Author: Robert Lovas, Ad Emmen version: 1.0 Prelude - what do people at home and SME’s think about grid computing Survey of EDGeS project Questionnaires all across Europe Get an idea of the interest in people and SMEs to donate computing time for science to a Grid Get an idea of the interest in running a Grid inside an SME RI-261561 GRID 2010, DUBNA Survey amongst the General Public and SME’s RI-261561 GRID 2010, DUBNA Opinions about Grid computing RI-261561 GRID 2010, DUBNA Survey - Conclusions Overall: there is interest in Desktop Grid computing in Europe. However, that people are willing to change their current practice and say that they want to participate in Grid efforts does not mean that they are actually going to do that. Need to generate trust in the organisation that manages the Grid. People want to donate computing time for scientific applications, especially medical applications. They do not like to donate computing time to commercial or defense applications. People want feedback on the application they are running. No clear technical barriers perceived by the respondents: so this does not need much attention. Overall the respondents were rather positive about donating computing time for a Grid or about running applications on a Grid.