Hongos Calicioides En La Península Ibérica

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Hongos Calicioides En La Península Ibérica Hongos calicioides en la Península Ibérica Diana Muñiz Pérez Aquesta tesi doctoral està subjecta a la llicència Reconeixement- NoComercial – CompartirIgual 3.0. Espanya de Creative Commons. Esta tesis doctoral está sujeta a la licencia Reconocimiento - NoComercial – CompartirIgual 3.0. España de Creative Commons. This doctoral thesis is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial- ShareAlike 3.0. Spain License. Hongos calicioides en la Península Ibérica Programa de Doctorado en Biodiversidad Memoria presentada por Diana Muñiz Pérez para optar al grado de Doctora por la Universidad de Barcelona Diana Muñiz Pérez Dr. Néstor Hladun Simón Director «Si algo merece la pena hacerse, merece la pena hacerse bien». Condesa Cordelia Vorkosigan Cuando alguien termina su tesis, los agradecimientos suelen ser lo último que hace. Se sienta ante el teclado y abre una página en blanco donde tiene que expresar todo lo que siente por aquellos que le han ayudado a llegar hasta el final. Pero entonces, los nombres y los recuerdos se agolpan en la cabeza formando una densa niebla entre la que vislumbras rostros, nombres, escenas y momentos, pero sabes a ciencia cierta, que nunca les podrás hacer justicia y que siempre habrá alguno que se mantendrá entre las brumas. Es confuso empezar unos agradecimientos pidiendo disculpas, pero así es, perdonadme si no os nombro porque también tendríais que estar aquí. Al Dr. Néstor Hladun por tener el valor de confiar en mí y en mi trabajo aunque no hubiera un expediente detrás que me avalara. Al Dr. Esteve Llop por llevarme a terminar algo que ya estaba casi acabado pero que necesitaba de un empujón final. Gracias eternamente porque sin ese empujón no habría saltado. A la Dra. Gemma Figueras, compañera de fatigas hasta el infinito y más allá, que ha creído en mí en más de un sentido y en más de una de las facetas de mi vida. A la Dra. Samantha (Sam) Fernández-Brime por ser, sin saberlo, una fuente de inspiración constante. A la Dra. Ester Gaya, a la que todavía no le he podido agradecer bastante lo mucho que hizo por mí en aquellos locos inicios de tesis, marcando claramente las pautas de lo que tendría que ser mi futuro, el trabajo en el laboratorio y lo que implicaba la investigación científica. Al Dr. Xavier Llimona o, como le gusta llamarse: mi «padre espiritual», precisamente por ser eso. Al Dr. Leif Tibell, por abrirme la puerta de este apasionante mundo. Al Dr. Pere Navarro, al Dr. A. Gómez-Bolea y al Dr. Jaume Llistosella, por darme más de un buen consejo y ayudarme en más de una ocasión. Gracias porque sabía que estaban allí si les necesitaba. Al Criptoteam: Núria Flor, Josep Mª Lanau, Laura Llorens Van Waveren (Fanfi), Roser Farrés, Roser Ortiz y Sandrita “la del polen”, porque todos habéis hecho que mi estancia en el departamento fuera, más que trabajo, una vida. A toda la gente del Coffea: a Jose M. Blanco, por apreciar mi sentido del humor, a Albert Romero, por todas esas tertulias a primera hora de la mañana mientras hacíamos el café, a Aaron, Lauras, Arnau, Albert y otros por tantas horas de buena conversación científica (y no científica). A la gente del Herbario BC i del Institut Botànic: Neus Ibáñez, Neus Nualart, Noemí Montes... por ser fantásticas compañeras y por un trabajo que me encanta y que me permite conseguir pequeños logros personales a un nivel, quizá más discreto, pero que me llena de orgullo ante el trabajo bien hecho. A Jordi y Ana por hacerme un huequecito en su familia. Al Dr. Alfonso Susanna, algún día conseguiré que le gusten los líquenes. A Sara, Laia, Laura, Sergi, Míriam, Jordi, Mercè, Roser, Núria y tantos otros con los que he compartido cafés, comidas, debates, risas y «proyectos de índole diversa difícilmente definibles». A todo ese montón de extraños que, a muchos sin conocerlos, se ha convertido en parte de mi vida. Desde pequeño te agrupan siguiendo sistemas artificiales de clasificación, así, hasta que llegas a la universidad y más allá, tiendes hacer amigos entre la gente de tu misma edad, de tu misma clase, de tu mismo pueblo. Gente con la que no tienes en común poca cosa más que residir en la misma zona y haber nacido el mismo año. Poco a poco, en la vida, tus decisiones y tus acciones te agrupan con personas más afines. Con la llegada de las nuevas tecnologías las fronteras desaparecen. Esta parrafada está dedicada a Carolina Pastor, Sergio Macías, María Eijó, José Fernández, Ignacio Cid, Silvia Barbeito y muchos otros que se han convertido en paño de lágrimas y refugio en más de una ocasión, aún en la distancia. A mis padres por ser ellos: a mi madre por insistir a cada momento en cómo iba la tesis (excepto en el corto intervalo en el que me preguntó por cómo iba la novela), y a mi padre, por pedirle que me dejara tranquila, que ya la acabaría cuando quisiera. Y, sobre todo, quería dar las gracias a Sergi por hacerme saber siempre que yo era lo primero y que mis estudios eran importantes. Incluso cuando las cosas iban tan mal que decíamos que las ratas eran más ricas que nosotros, insististe en que tenía que acabar lo que había empezado. Gracias por todo y perdonadme porque tanto tú como Ot habéis tenido que compartirme con demasiadas cosas. Ahora, con suerte, habrá una menos. I%NDICE 1. INTRODUCCIÓN 1.1 Los hongos Calicioides .................................................................................... 13 1.2. Antecedentes históricos en el estudio de los Calicioides ................................ 14 1.3. Sistemática actual de los Calicioides: filogenias moleculares ........................ 17 2. OBJETIVOS 2. Objetivos ...................................................................................................................... 31 3. DISCUSIÓN GLOBAL 3. 1. Discusión global de los resultados obtenidos................................................. 35 3.1.1. La familia Caliciaceae ........................................................................ 35 3.1.2. La familia Coniocybaceae .................................................................. 37 3.1.3. La familia Microcaliciaceae ............................................................... 38 3.1.4. La familia Mycocaliciaceae ................................................................ 38 3.1.5. La familia Sphaerophoraceae ............................................................. 40 3.1.6. La familia Sphinctrinaceae ................................................................. 40 3.2 Mapas de distribución por provincias. ............................................................. 43 4. CONCLUSIONES 4. Conclusiones ................................................................................................................ 55 5. BIBLIOGRAFÍA 5. Bibliografía .................................................................................................................. 59 6. COMPENDIO DE PUBLICACIONES Informe del Director de Tesis ................................................................................ 67 Publicación 1 .......................................................................................................... 71 Resumen ....................................................................................................... 73 9 Mycocalicium llimonae, a new species from the Iberian Peninsula ............. 75 Publicación 2 .......................................................................................................... 81 Mycocalicium llimonae Hladun & Muñiz (Ascomycota, Eurotiomycetes, Mycocaliciales) un fong mediterrani tan freqüent com difícil de veure. Ecologia i distribució a Catalunya ..................................................................... 83 Publicación 3 .......................................................................................................... 89 Resumen ....................................................................................................... 91 Sphinctrina paramerae, a new Mediterranean lichenicolous species with non-septate spores ..................................................................................... 93 Publicació 4 .......................................................................................................... 101 CALICIOIDES. Flora Ibérica Vol. 7 .......................................................... 103 ANEXOS A.1.1. Hongos calicioides citados en la Península Ibérica e Islas Baleares ......... 203 A.1.2. Material adicional examinado ................................................................... 239 10 1. INTRODUCCIO%N 11 12 1.1 Los hongos Calicioides Los Calicioides incluyen a hongos liquenizados y no liquenizados de reducidas dimensiones. Como su nombre indica, su estructura reproductora tiene una forma que recuerda a la de una copa (del griego calix). La mayoría viven en zonas de penumbra y elevada humedad, al resguardo de la lluvia directa, ocultándose en oquedades de la corteza vieja de árboles de bosques maduros. Entre ellos son comunes las estrategias parasíticas o parasimbióticas de otros líquenes. Se encuentran presentes en las listas rojas de líquenes de la mayor parte del mundo (Rikkinen, 1995) y se utilizan como bioindicadores del grado de madurez del bosque (Holien 1996, 1997; Selva, 1994; Tibell, 1992). Estos organismos presentan una gran complejidad en su estudio, principalmente debido a sus reducidas dimensiones que dificultan la localización y la identificación de los ejemplares. La altura del apotecio no excede los 2 mm de longitud en el mejor de los casos y, en general, no superan el milímetro. En aquellos
Recommended publications
  • Checklist of Calicioid Lichens and Fungi for Genera with Members in Temperate Western North America Draft: 2012-03-13
    Draft: 2012-03-13 Checklist of Calicioids – E. B. Peterson Checklist of Calicioid Lichens and Fungi For Genera with Members in Temperate Western North America Draft: 2012-03-13 by E. B. Peterson Calicium abietinum, EBP#4640 1 Draft: 2012-03-13 Checklist of Calicioids – E. B. Peterson Genera Acroscyphus Lév. Brucea Rikkinen Calicium Pers. Chaenotheca Th. Fr. Chaenothecopsis Vainio Coniocybe Ach. = Chaenotheca "Cryptocalicium" – potentially undescribed genus; taxonomic placement is not known but there are resemblances both to Mycocaliciales and Onygenales Cybebe Tibell = Chaenotheca Cyphelium Ach. Microcalicium Vainio Mycocalicium Vainio Phaeocalicium A.F.W. Schmidt Sclerophora Chevall. Sphinctrina Fr. Stenocybe (Nyl.) Körber Texosporium Nádv. ex Tibell & Hofsten Thelomma A. Massal. Tholurna Norman Additional genera are primarily tropical, such as Pyrgillus, Tylophoron About the Species lists Names in bold are believed to be currently valid names. Old synonyms are indented and listed with the current name following (additional synonyms can be found in Esslinger (2011). Names in quotes are nicknames for undescribed species. Names given within tildes (~) are published, but may not be validly published. Underlined species are included in the checklist for North America north of Mexico (Esslinger 2011). Names are given with authorities and original citation date where possible, followed by a colon. Additional citations are given after the colon, followed by a series of abbreviations for states and regions where known. States and provinces use the standard two-letter abbreviation. Regions include: NAm = North America; WNA = western North America (west of the continental divide); Klam = Klamath Region (my home territory). For those not known from North America, continental distribution may be given: SAm = South America; EUR = Europe; ASIA = Asia; Afr = Africa; Aus = Australia.
    [Show full text]
  • The World at the Time of Messel: Conference Volume
    T. Lehmann & S.F.K. Schaal (eds) The World at the Time of Messel - Conference Volume Time at the The World The World at the Time of Messel: Puzzles in Palaeobiology, Palaeoenvironment and the History of Early Primates 22nd International Senckenberg Conference 2011 Frankfurt am Main, 15th - 19th November 2011 ISBN 978-3-929907-86-5 Conference Volume SENCKENBERG Gesellschaft für Naturforschung THOMAS LEHMANN & STEPHAN F.K. SCHAAL (eds) The World at the Time of Messel: Puzzles in Palaeobiology, Palaeoenvironment, and the History of Early Primates 22nd International Senckenberg Conference Frankfurt am Main, 15th – 19th November 2011 Conference Volume Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung IMPRINT The World at the Time of Messel: Puzzles in Palaeobiology, Palaeoenvironment, and the History of Early Primates 22nd International Senckenberg Conference 15th – 19th November 2011, Frankfurt am Main, Germany Conference Volume Publisher PROF. DR. DR. H.C. VOLKER MOSBRUGGER Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung Senckenberganlage 25, 60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany Editors DR. THOMAS LEHMANN & DR. STEPHAN F.K. SCHAAL Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt Senckenberganlage 25, 60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany [email protected]; [email protected] Language editors JOSEPH E.B. HOGAN & DR. KRISTER T. SMITH Layout JULIANE EBERHARDT & ANIKA VOGEL Cover Illustration EVELINE JUNQUEIRA Print Rhein-Main-Geschäftsdrucke, Hofheim-Wallau, Germany Citation LEHMANN, T. & SCHAAL, S.F.K. (eds) (2011). The World at the Time of Messel: Puzzles in Palaeobiology, Palaeoenvironment, and the History of Early Primates. 22nd International Senckenberg Conference. 15th – 19th November 2011, Frankfurt am Main. Conference Volume. Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung, Frankfurt am Main. pp. 203.
    [Show full text]
  • New Records of Lichens and Allied Fungi from the Kostroma Region, Russia
    Folia Cryptog. Estonica, Fasc. 56: 53–62 (2019) https://doi.org/10.12697/fce.2019.56.06 New records of lichens and allied fungi from the Kostroma Region, Russia Irina Urbanavichene1 & Gennadii Urbanavichus2 1Komarov Botanical Institute RAS, Professor Popov Str. 2, 197376 St Petersburg, Russia. E-mail: [email protected] 2Institute of North Industrial Ecology Problems, Kola Science Centre RAS, Akademgorodok 14a, 184209 Apatity, Murmansk Region, Russia. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract: 29 species of lichens, 3 non-lichenized calicioid fungi and 3 lichenicolous fungi are reported for the first time from the Kostroma Region. Among them, 15 species are new for the Central Federal District, including Myrionora albidula – a rare species with widely scattered locations, previously known only from the Southern Urals Mts in European Russia. The most important discoveries are confined to old-growth coniferous Picea sp. and Abies sibirica forests in the Kologriv Forest Nature Reserve. Two species (Leptogium burnetiae and Menegazzia terebrata) are included in the Red Data Book of Russian Federation. The distribution, ecology, taxonomic characters and conservation status of rare species and of those new for the Central Federal District are provided. Keywords: Biatora mendax, Myrionora albidula, old-growth forests, southern taiga, Kologriv Forest Reserve, Central European Russia INTRODUCTION The Kostroma Region is a large (60,211 km2), berniya, listing 39 and 54 taxa, respectively. most northeastern part of the Central Federal The recent published additions to the Kostroma District in European Russia situated between lichen flora are from the Kologriv District by Ivanovo, Yaroslavl, Vologda, Kirov and Nizhniy Novgorod regions (Fig.
    [Show full text]
  • ANA MARCIA CHARNEI.Pdf
    UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO PARANÁ ANA MARCIA CHARNEI CLADONIACEAE (ASCOMYCOTA LIQUENIZADOS) EM AMBIENTES DE ALTITUDE DA SERRA DO MAR NO SUL DO BRASIL CURITIBA 2013 1 ANA MARCIA CHARNEI CLADONIACEAE (ASCOMYCOTA LIQUENIZADOS) EM AMBIENTES DE ALTITUDE DA SERRA DO MAR NO SUL DO BRASIL Dissertação apresentada ao Programa de Pós- Graduação em Botânica, área de concentração em Taxonomia, Biologia e Diversidade de Algas, Fungos e Liquens, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Paraná, como requisito parcial à obtenção do título de Mestre em Botânica. Orientadora: Profa. Dra. Sionara Eliasaro CURITIBA 2013 2 3 AGRADECIMENTOS Primeiramente agradeço a Deus pelas oportunidades e pessoas colocadas em meu caminho. À CAPES (Coordenadoria de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior) pela bolsa concedida. Ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Botânica (PPB-Bot) pela estrutura fornecida e aos seus professores pelo conhecimento partilhado. À professora Dra. Sionara Eliasaro por toda atenção e conhecimento transmitido. Também pela seriedade e criticidade na análise da dissertação. A todos os meus familiares pelo incentivo. À Alice Gerlach, companheira de todos os momentos: laboratório, saídas de campo, almoços no RU e happy hours. Também pelo incentivo, ajuda na obtenção de imagens e montagem das pranchas. Ao grande amigo Flávio Beilke pela ajuda nas coletas, pelas inúmeras conversas e risadas. Ao doutorando e grande amigo Emerson Gumboski pela inestimável ajuda. Obrigada pela paciência, saídas de campo, envio de bibliografias, obtenção de imagens, sugestões, correções e discussões taxonômicas. À Vanessa Ariati por nos acompanhar ao Morro Caratuva e ao Pico Paraná. Ao Vitor de Freitas Batista por nos guiar ao Pico da Serra do Tabuleiro.
    [Show full text]
  • 1307 Fungi Representing 1139 Infrageneric Taxa, 317 Genera and 66 Families ⇑ Jolanta Miadlikowska A, , Frank Kauff B,1, Filip Högnabba C, Jeffrey C
    Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 79 (2014) 132–168 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ympev A multigene phylogenetic synthesis for the class Lecanoromycetes (Ascomycota): 1307 fungi representing 1139 infrageneric taxa, 317 genera and 66 families ⇑ Jolanta Miadlikowska a, , Frank Kauff b,1, Filip Högnabba c, Jeffrey C. Oliver d,2, Katalin Molnár a,3, Emily Fraker a,4, Ester Gaya a,5, Josef Hafellner e, Valérie Hofstetter a,6, Cécile Gueidan a,7, Mónica A.G. Otálora a,8, Brendan Hodkinson a,9, Martin Kukwa f, Robert Lücking g, Curtis Björk h, Harrie J.M. Sipman i, Ana Rosa Burgaz j, Arne Thell k, Alfredo Passo l, Leena Myllys c, Trevor Goward h, Samantha Fernández-Brime m, Geir Hestmark n, James Lendemer o, H. Thorsten Lumbsch g, Michaela Schmull p, Conrad L. Schoch q, Emmanuël Sérusiaux r, David R. Maddison s, A. Elizabeth Arnold t, François Lutzoni a,10, Soili Stenroos c,10 a Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708-0338, USA b FB Biologie, Molecular Phylogenetics, 13/276, TU Kaiserslautern, Postfach 3049, 67653 Kaiserslautern, Germany c Botanical Museum, Finnish Museum of Natural History, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland d Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, 358 ESC, 21 Sachem Street, New Haven, CT 06511, USA e Institut für Botanik, Karl-Franzens-Universität, Holteigasse 6, A-8010 Graz, Austria f Department of Plant Taxonomy and Nature Conservation, University of Gdan´sk, ul. Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdan´sk, Poland g Science and Education, The Field Museum, 1400 S.
    [Show full text]
  • One Hundred New Species of Lichenized Fungi: a Signature of Undiscovered Global Diversity
    Phytotaxa 18: 1–127 (2011) ISSN 1179-3155 (print edition) www.mapress.com/phytotaxa/ Monograph PHYTOTAXA Copyright © 2011 Magnolia Press ISSN 1179-3163 (online edition) PHYTOTAXA 18 One hundred new species of lichenized fungi: a signature of undiscovered global diversity H. THORSTEN LUMBSCH1*, TEUVO AHTI2, SUSANNE ALTERMANN3, GUILLERMO AMO DE PAZ4, ANDRÉ APTROOT5, ULF ARUP6, ALEJANDRINA BÁRCENAS PEÑA7, PAULINA A. BAWINGAN8, MICHEL N. BENATTI9, LUISA BETANCOURT10, CURTIS R. BJÖRK11, KANSRI BOONPRAGOB12, MAARTEN BRAND13, FRANK BUNGARTZ14, MARCELA E. S. CÁCERES15, MEHTMET CANDAN16, JOSÉ LUIS CHAVES17, PHILIPPE CLERC18, RALPH COMMON19, BRIAN J. COPPINS20, ANA CRESPO4, MANUELA DAL-FORNO21, PRADEEP K. DIVAKAR4, MELIZAR V. DUYA22, JOHN A. ELIX23, ARVE ELVEBAKK24, JOHNATHON D. FANKHAUSER25, EDIT FARKAS26, LIDIA ITATÍ FERRARO27, EBERHARD FISCHER28, DAVID J. GALLOWAY29, ESTER GAYA30, MIREIA GIRALT31, TREVOR GOWARD32, MARTIN GRUBE33, JOSEF HAFELLNER33, JESÚS E. HERNÁNDEZ M.34, MARÍA DE LOS ANGELES HERRERA CAMPOS7, KLAUS KALB35, INGVAR KÄRNEFELT6, GINTARAS KANTVILAS36, DOROTHEE KILLMANN28, PAUL KIRIKA37, KERRY KNUDSEN38, HARALD KOMPOSCH39, SERGEY KONDRATYUK40, JAMES D. LAWREY21, ARMIN MANGOLD41, MARCELO P. MARCELLI9, BRUCE MCCUNE42, MARIA INES MESSUTI43, ANDREA MICHLIG27, RICARDO MIRANDA GONZÁLEZ7, BIBIANA MONCADA10, ALIFERETI NAIKATINI44, MATTHEW P. NELSEN1, 45, DAG O. ØVSTEDAL46, ZDENEK PALICE47, KHWANRUAN PAPONG48, SITTIPORN PARNMEN12, SERGIO PÉREZ-ORTEGA4, CHRISTIAN PRINTZEN49, VÍCTOR J. RICO4, EIMY RIVAS PLATA1, 50, JAVIER ROBAYO51, DANIA ROSABAL52, ULRIKE RUPRECHT53, NORIS SALAZAR ALLEN54, LEOPOLDO SANCHO4, LUCIANA SANTOS DE JESUS15, TAMIRES SANTOS VIEIRA15, MATTHIAS SCHULTZ55, MARK R. D. SEAWARD56, EMMANUËL SÉRUSIAUX57, IMKE SCHMITT58, HARRIE J. M. SIPMAN59, MOHAMMAD SOHRABI 2, 60, ULRIK SØCHTING61, MAJBRIT ZEUTHEN SØGAARD61, LAURENS B. SPARRIUS62, ADRIANO SPIELMANN63, TOBY SPRIBILLE33, JUTARAT SUTJARITTURAKAN64, ACHRA THAMMATHAWORN65, ARNE THELL6, GÖRAN THOR66, HOLGER THÜS67, EINAR TIMDAL68, CAMILLE TRUONG18, ROMAN TÜRK69, LOENGRIN UMAÑA TENORIO17, DALIP K.
    [Show full text]
  • Lichens and Associated Fungi from Glacier Bay National Park, Alaska
    The Lichenologist (2020), 52,61–181 doi:10.1017/S0024282920000079 Standard Paper Lichens and associated fungi from Glacier Bay National Park, Alaska Toby Spribille1,2,3 , Alan M. Fryday4 , Sergio Pérez-Ortega5 , Måns Svensson6, Tor Tønsberg7, Stefan Ekman6 , Håkon Holien8,9, Philipp Resl10 , Kevin Schneider11, Edith Stabentheiner2, Holger Thüs12,13 , Jan Vondrák14,15 and Lewis Sharman16 1Department of Biological Sciences, CW405, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2R3, Canada; 2Department of Plant Sciences, Institute of Biology, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, Holteigasse 6, 8010 Graz, Austria; 3Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, 32 Campus Drive, Missoula, Montana 59812, USA; 4Herbarium, Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA; 5Real Jardín Botánico (CSIC), Departamento de Micología, Calle Claudio Moyano 1, E-28014 Madrid, Spain; 6Museum of Evolution, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 16, SE-75236 Uppsala, Sweden; 7Department of Natural History, University Museum of Bergen Allégt. 41, P.O. Box 7800, N-5020 Bergen, Norway; 8Faculty of Bioscience and Aquaculture, Nord University, Box 2501, NO-7729 Steinkjer, Norway; 9NTNU University Museum, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway; 10Faculty of Biology, Department I, Systematic Botany and Mycology, University of Munich (LMU), Menzinger Straße 67, 80638 München, Germany; 11Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK; 12Botany Department, State Museum of Natural History Stuttgart, Rosenstein 1, 70191 Stuttgart, Germany; 13Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK; 14Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Zámek 1, 252 43 Průhonice, Czech Republic; 15Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1760, CZ-370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic and 16Glacier Bay National Park & Preserve, P.O.
    [Show full text]
  • Phylogeny, Taxonomy and Diversification Events in the Caliciaceae
    Fungal Diversity DOI 10.1007/s13225-016-0372-y Phylogeny, taxonomy and diversification events in the Caliciaceae Maria Prieto1,2 & Mats Wedin1 Received: 21 December 2015 /Accepted: 19 July 2016 # The Author(s) 2016. This article is published with open access at Springerlink.com Abstract Although the high degree of non-monophyly and Calicium pinicola, Calicium trachyliodes, Pseudothelomma parallel evolution has long been acknowledged within the occidentale, Pseudothelomma ocellatum and Thelomma mazaediate Caliciaceae (Lecanoromycetes, Ascomycota), a brunneum. A key for the mazaedium-producing Caliciaceae is natural re-classification of the group has not yet been accom- included. plished. Here we constructed a multigene phylogeny of the Caliciaceae-Physciaceae clade in order to resolve the detailed Keywords Allocalicium gen. nov. Calicium fossil . relationships within the group, to propose a revised classification, Divergence time estimates . Lichens . Multigene . and to perform a dating study. The few characters present in the Pseudothelomma gen. nov available fossil and the complex character evolution of the group affects the interpretation of morphological traits and thus influ- ences the assignment of the fossil to specific nodes in the phy- Introduction logeny, when divergence time analyses are carried out. Alternative fossil assignments resulted in very different time es- Caliciaceae is one of several ascomycete groups characterized timates and the comparison with the analysis based on a second- by producing prototunicate (thin-walled and evanescent) asci ary calibration demonstrates that the most likely placement of the and a mazaedium (an accumulation of loose, maturing spores fossil is close to a terminal node rather than a basal placement in covering the ascoma surface).
    [Show full text]
  • <I> Lecanoromycetes</I> of Lichenicolous Fungi Associated With
    Persoonia 39, 2017: 91–117 ISSN (Online) 1878-9080 www.ingentaconnect.com/content/nhn/pimj RESEARCH ARTICLE https://doi.org/10.3767/persoonia.2017.39.05 Phylogenetic placement within Lecanoromycetes of lichenicolous fungi associated with Cladonia and some other genera R. Pino-Bodas1,2, M.P. Zhurbenko3, S. Stenroos1 Key words Abstract Though most of the lichenicolous fungi belong to the Ascomycetes, their phylogenetic placement based on molecular data is lacking for numerous species. In this study the phylogenetic placement of 19 species of cladoniicolous species lichenicolous fungi was determined using four loci (LSU rDNA, SSU rDNA, ITS rDNA and mtSSU). The phylogenetic Pilocarpaceae analyses revealed that the studied lichenicolous fungi are widespread across the phylogeny of Lecanoromycetes. Protothelenellaceae One species is placed in Acarosporales, Sarcogyne sphaerospora; five species in Dactylosporaceae, Dactylo­ Scutula cladoniicola spora ahtii, D. deminuta, D. glaucoides, D. parasitica and Dactylospora sp.; four species belong to Lecanorales, Stictidaceae Lichenosticta alcicorniaria, Epicladonia simplex, E. stenospora and Scutula epiblastematica. The genus Epicladonia Stictis cladoniae is polyphyletic and the type E. sandstedei belongs to Leotiomycetes. Phaeopyxis punctum and Bachmanniomyces uncialicola form a well supported clade in the Ostropomycetidae. Epigloea soleiformis is related to Arthrorhaphis and Anzina. Four species are placed in Ostropales, Corticifraga peltigerae, Cryptodiscus epicladonia, C. galaninae and C. cladoniicola
    [Show full text]
  • Chaenotheca Chrysocephala Species Fact Sheet
    SPECIES FACT SHEET Common Name: yellow-headed pin lichen Scientific Name: Chaenotheca chrysocephala (Turner ex Ach.) Th. Fr. Division: Ascomycota Class: Sordariomycetes Order: Trichosphaeriales Family: Coniocybaceae Technical Description: Crustose lichen. Photosynthetic partner Trebouxia. Thallus visible on substrate, made of fine grains or small lumps or continuous, greenish yellow. Sometimes thallus completely immersed and not visible on substrate. Spore-producing structure (apothecium) pin- like, comprised of a obovoid to broadly obconical head (capitulum) 0.2-0.3 mm diameter on a slender stalk, the stalk 0.6-1.3 mm tall and 0.04 -0.8 mm diameter; black or brownish black or brown with dense yellow colored powder on the upper part. Capitulum with fine chartreuse- yellow colored powder (pruina) on the under side. Upper side with a mass of powdery brown spores (mazaedium). Spore sacs (asci) cylindrical, 14-19 x 2.0-3.5 µm and disintegrating; spores arranged in one line in the asci (uniseriate), 1-celled, 6-9 x 4-5 µm, short ellipsoidal to globose with rough ornamentation of irregular cracks. Chemistry: all spot tests negative. Thallus and powder on stalk (pruina) contain vulpinic acid, which gives them the chartreuse-yellow color. This acid also colors Letharia spp., the wolf lichens. Other descriptions and illustrations: Nordic Lichen Flora 1999, Peterson (no date), Sharnoff (no date), Stridvall (no date), Tibell 1975. Distinctive Characters: (1) bright chartreuse-yellow thallus with yellow pruina under capitulum and on the upper part of the stalk, (2) spore mass brown, (3) spores unicellular (4) thallus of small yellow lumps. Similar species: Many other pin lichens look similar to Chaenotheca chrysocephala.
    [Show full text]
  • Shropshire Fungus Checklist 2010
    THE CHECKLIST OF SHROPSHIRE FUNGI 2011 Contents Page Introduction 2 Name changes 3 Taxonomic Arrangement (with page numbers) 19 Checklist 25 Indicator species 229 Rare and endangered fungi in /Shropshire (Excluding BAP species) 230 Important sites for fungi in Shropshire 232 A List of BAP species and their status in Shropshire 233 Acknowledgements and References 234 1 CHECKLIST OF SHROPSHIRE FUNGI Introduction The county of Shropshire (VC40) is large and landlocked and contains all major habitats, apart from coast and dune. These include the uplands of the Clees, Stiperstones and Long Mynd with their associated heath land, forested land such as the Forest of Wyre and the Mortimer Forest, the lowland bogs and meres in the north of the county, and agricultural land scattered with small woodlands and copses. This diversity makes Shropshire unique. The Shropshire Fungus Group has been in existence for 18 years. (Inaugural meeting 6th December 1992. The aim was to produce a fungus flora for the county. This aim has not yet been realised for a number of reasons, chief amongst these are manpower and cost. The group has however collected many records by trawling the archives, contributions from interested individuals/groups, and by field meetings. It is these records that are published here. The first Shropshire checklist was published in 1997. Many more records have now been added and nearly 40,000 of these have now been added to the national British Mycological Society’s database, the Fungus Record Database for Britain and Ireland (FRDBI). During this ten year period molecular biology, i.e. DNA analysis has been applied to fungal classification.
    [Show full text]
  • A Provisional Checklist of the Lichens of Belarus
    Opuscula Philolichenum, 17: 374-479. 2018. *pdf effectively published online 31December2018 via (http://sweetgum.nybg.org/philolichenum/) A Provisional Checklist of the Lichens of Belarus ANDREI TSURYKAU1 ABSTRACT. – A total of 606 species and five subspecific taxa of lichens and allied fungi are documented from Belarus based on combined historical (pre-1980) and modern (post-1980) records. Of these, 50 (8.3%) are represented by only historical reports, 235 (38.8%) are represented by only modern vouchers, and 310 (51.2%) are represented by both historical and modern records. Eleven species are known only from generalized published reports that lacked specific location data. Eighty-eight species are excluded as erroneous reports, or considered as doubtful records. KEYWORDS. – Biodiversity, distribution, lichenized fungi, historical baseline. INTRODUCTION Published accounts of the lichens of Belarus date to the end of the 18th century (Gilibert 1781). In the first phase of lichenological discovery in the country (1780–1900) lichens did not attract special attention and were reported among the general lists of vascular plants and fungi. However, 49 species were reported by the French botanist J.E. Gilibert, the Russian ethnographer of Belarusian origin N. Downar (Dovnar-Zapol'skiy) and Polish botanists K. Filipowicz and F. Błoński (Błoński 1888, 1889; Downar 1861; Filipowicz 1881; Gilibert 1781, 1792). In the early 20th century (1900–1925), there was a second phase of lichenological discovery in Belarus. During that time, Belarusian pioneer lichenologist V.P. Savicz and his wife L.I. Ljubitzkaja (later Savicz-Ljubitzkaja) reported 91 species new to the country (Ljubitzkaja 1914; Savicz 1909, 1910, 1911, 1925; Savicz & Savicz 1924; Wyssotzky et al.
    [Show full text]