Amerikansuomalaisia Sarjakuvataiteilijoita

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Amerikansuomalaisia Sarjakuvataiteilijoita Amerikansuomalaisia sarjakuvataiteilijoita ILPO LAGERSTEDT Amerikansuomalaisia sarjakuvataiteilijoita Copyright ©2008 Tampere University Press ja tekijä We believe the comics published more than 75 years ago and those once copyrighted by Chicago Sun Syndicate, Chicago Daily News Syndicate, Jones Syndicate, Ace Publishing, Centaur Comics and Quality Comics, which no more exist, are now public domain. All comics are reprinted here only for historical and informative purposes and according to fair use doctrine, not to violate anyone´s copyright, trademark, or other intellectual property rights. See http://www.finlex.fi/fi/laki/ajantasa/1961/19610404 http://www.copyright.gov/fls/fl102.html http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Wikipedia:WikiProject_Comics/copyright Myynti Tiedekirjakauppa TAJU Kalevantie 5 PL 617 33014 Tampereen yliopisto puhelin (03) 3551 6055 fax (03) 3551 7685 taju@uta.fi www.uta.fi/taju http://granum.uta.fi Kansi Ensio Aalto Taitto Maaret Kihlakaski ISBN 978-951-44-7230-5 ISBN 978-951-44-7335-7 (pdf) Tampereen Yliopistopaino Oy – Juvenes Print Tampere 2008 Dedicated to Jean Bails Comics at this time is becoming widely accepted and recognized by our cultural and academic community. It is important, in my opinion, that underlying cultures which contributed to Ameri- can humor and social imagery be recognized. Will Eisner Sisällys Esipuhe ................................................................9 Muuttuneen maailman jäljillä ............................12 Tutkimuksen alku ..............................................12 Tutkimusaineistosta ...........................................16 Amerikansuomalaisista ........................................18 Käsitteistä ..........................................................24 Sarjakuvasta .......................................................26 Amerikansuomalaisia sarjakuvataiteilijoita .........34 Armida Anderson ......................................34 Paul Gustafson ...........................................39 John Hakola ..............................................52 Art Huhta ...................................................57 Gabriel Hukkala ........................................70 Stuart Immonen ........................................77 Kirk Jarvinen .............................................84 John Lehti .................................................91 Ronald Lindquist......................................103 Tim Mietty ..............................................110 Seppo Mäkinen .......................................116 Klaus Nordling ........................................126 Otto Pirkola ............................................137 Vive Risto ................................................145 Kosti Ruohomaa ......................................156 Kaarlo Aleksanteri Suvanto ......................165 James Wheelock ......................................179 Wallace Wood ..........................................189 Spirit of Finland ..............................................204 Lähteet ............................................................210 Hakemisto .......................................................222 Kirjoittaja ........................................................231 Esipuhe Kiitän Taiteen keskustoimikuntaa, Siirtolaisuusinstituuttia ja Suomen tietokirjailijat ry:stä saamistani apurahoista. Kiitän erityisesti Siirto- laisuusinstituutin tutkijaa Elisabeth Uschanovia saamastani paljosta avusta sekä sarjakuvan monitaitajaa Timo Ronkaista, joka toimitti minulle tietoja ja kuvia. Kiitän yhdessä ja erikseen jokaista suoma- laista, amerikansuomalaista ja amerikkalaista ja kanadalaista, jotka ovat eri tavoilla auttaneet minua, ja etenkin seuraavia henkilöitä: Betty Gibson ja Erik R. Hermans ovat kertoneet Armida ja Theodore Andersonista. Gladys Hine, Vera Warner ja Terry Gus- tafson tekivät mahdolliseksi Paul Gustafsonin elämäkerran. Ry- an Heshka toimitti minulle Paulin sarjakuvia. John Hakola II on muistellut isoisäänsä John Hakolaa ja Gary Kaunonen lähetti hänen kartoonejaan. Art Huhta, James, Huhta ja Richard Huhta, Mike Grell, Rich Mrozek ja Stephan Zupkas ovat muistelleet Art Huhtaa. Eero Kar- kaus auttoi Huhdan sukuhistorian selvittämisessä. Karen Gould on kertonut isästään Gabriel Hukkalasta. Harriet Leggett toimitti Antti Immosen muistokirjoituksen. Bobbie Speir Jarvinen ja Pamela Jarvinen tekivät Kirk Jarvisen elämäkerrasta totta. Sandra Culjac-Lehti on kertonut isästään John Lehdestä. Kristi- na Prado, Marja-Liisa Vuorinen, Seymour Schimel ja Hugh Hefner auttoivat Ronald Lindquistin elämäkerran laatimisessa. Wayne Miet- ty, Sisko Mielty ja Kalervo Mielty tekivät Tim Miettyn elämäkerran mahdolliseksi. Paul Mietty on kertonut omasta urastaan. Amerikansuomalaisia sarjakuvataiteilijoita – 9 Timo Kokkila, Ilmo Pirhonen, Martin Powell, Eevaliisa Kurki ja Matti Korpiaho auttoivat minua Seppo Mäkisen elämäkerran laatimisessa. Thea Nordling, John Cooper ja Guy Gilchrist teki- vät Klaus Nordlingin elämäkerrasta totta. Leena Pere-Olkkonen, Mark Arnold, Ken Selig, Sid Jacobson, Ernie Colon, Matthew Hilt Murphy ja Timo Ronkainen auttoivat Otto Pirkolan elämäkerran laatimisessa. Laini Risto, Jerry Risto, Juhani Mäkitalo, Roger Armstrong, Scott Shaw, Merlin Haas, Timo Ronkainen, Jim Wheelock ja Antti Peltola ovat auttaneet Vive Riston vaiheiden selvittämisessä. Dave Smith, Willis Pyle, Art Jura, Jill Delaney, Michael Barrier, June Ranta Wilcox ja Colin Emery vaikuttivat suuresti Kosti Ruohomaan elämäkerran muotoutumiseen. Bob Hughes, Jim Vadeboncoeur, Ilpo Koskela, Vesa-Matti Ovaska ja Mauno Puotinen tekivät Jim Wheelockin elämäkerrasta totta. Larry Hama, Tatjana Wood, Glenn Wood, Paul Krassner, Jorma Kakko ja Hannu Peltoniemi vaikuttivat Wally Woodin elämäkertaan. Kuvalehtien Sirkku Kuusava, Aku Ankan Jukka Heiskanen ja Raimo Hyvönen, BullsPressin Arvo Hämäläinen, Siirtolaisuusinsti- tuutin Olavi Koivukangas ja Jouni Korkeasaari sekä Kansalliskirjas- ton Ritva Leppänen, Olli Oinas, Pentti Niemimaa, Tapio Luukko, Tiina Järvilehto, Kai Ekholm ja muu Hykin väki ovat kukin omalta osaltaan vaikuttaneet tämän kirjan syntyyn, mistä kiitän. Kiitän myös Marjaana Tulosmaata ja Tapio Rosendahlia. Aivan erityisesti kiitän myös amerikkalaista kirjastolaitosta, historiallisia seuroja ja arkistolaitosta ja Suomen seurakuntien kirkkoherranvirastoja. Kiitän kirjani julkaisemisesta myös Tampere University Press -kustanta- jaa, Outi Sisättöä kirjan toimittamisesta ja Maaret Kihlakaskea sen taittamisesta sekä Ensio Aaltoa, joka teki kannen. Kiitoksen saavat myös Aina-Maria Lagerstedt, Robert Jaques, Esko Ellala, Heikki Kaukoranta, Jim Kurtti ja Ray Bottorff Jr. Viimeisen kiitoksen saa vaimoni Anne. 10 – Ilpo Lagerstedt Aikaisemmin julkaisemani Tex Willer -kirja vei seitsemän vuotta, Masi-kirjan kanssa kului 13 vuotta, tämän tutkimuksen ja käsikir- joituksen kanssa on mennyt kaikkiaan noin neljännesvuosisata. Täl- laista projektia ei koskaan olisi pitänyt toteuttaa vain yhden miehen voimin, mutta se on tehty. Kuten Jerry Bails tapasi sanoa, bestest! Helsingissä 1. helmikuuta 2008 Ilpo Lagerstedt Amerikansuomalaisia sarjakuvataiteilijoita – 11 Muuttuneen maailman jäljillä TUTKIMUKSEN ALKU Vuonna 1963 Seinäjoen Lyseon historian lehtori Anna-Leena Toi- vonen väitteli Helsingin yliopistossa tohtoriksi Etelä-Pohjanmaan valtamerentakaisesta siirtolaisuudesta. Väitöstilaisuuden jälkeen tuore tohtori palasi Seinäjoelle. Lyseon abit vetivät vanhoilla Törnävän kartanon kieseillä uuden tohtorin koulun pihaan meidän muiden katsellessa ja ihmetellessä. Myöhemmin tohtori Toivonen oli lyhyen aikaa historianopettajani. Muistan hänet vaikuttavana ja valoisana henkilönä, joka jaksoi innostaa oppilaitaan. Pohjanmaalta olikin lähtenyt paljon miehiä ja naisia siirtolaisiksi Uuteen maailmaan. Isoenoni Svante Moisio-Tyrkkö Virtain Vaski- vedeltä oli ollut mainarina ja metsurina Yhdysvalloissa ja Kanadassa. Kotikylässäni Nurmon Veneskoskella koulutoverini Raimo Sauna- mäen äiti Lilja oli jopa syntynyt Yhdysvalloissa, ja naapuri Maria Knuuttila oli asunut Worcesterin kaupungissa Massachusettsin osa- valtiossa. Kotitaloni oli Amerikassa olleen Juho Laakson rakentama. Tästä syystä se poikkesi niin paljon alueen muista taloista. Siirtolaistietämykseni liittyi lähinnä niihin ihmisiin, jotka olivat olleet Yhdysvalloissa tai Kanadassa, mutta palanneet takaisin Suo- meen. Tiesin hyvin vähän niistä suomalaisista, jotka olivat jääneet rakentamaan Uutta maailmaa ja jääneet sinne. Suhteeni ameri- kansuomalaisiin asettui kokonaan uudelle tasolle vuonna 1980. Suomen Sarjakuvaseura oli hankkinut jäsenilleen tanskalaisen sar- 12 – Ilpo Lagerstedt R.M.S. Empress of Ireland kuljetti siirtolaisia Liverpoolista Kanadaan 1900-luvun alussa. Kuva Kaari Pelkola. jakuvamyyntiliikkeen Fantaskin luettelon, jonka avulla saatoin tilata amerikkalaista sarjakuva-alan lehtiä ja kirjallisuutta. Löysin maailman sarjakuvan takana. Tilasin The Comic Reader -lehden numeroita. Numerossa 181 vuodelta 1980 oli maininta, että Jerry Bailsin ja Hames Waren teossarjaa Who is who of American Comics I-IV oli edelleen saa- tavissa tekijältä. Sarja oli ilmestynyt joitakin vuosia aikaisemmin. Lähetin kirjeen Jerry Bailsille Michiganin Detroitiin. Hän lähetti paluupostissa nämä kirjat. Löysin odottamatta heti neljä suomalaista sarjakuvataiteilijaa: Nils ja Paul Gustafsonin, Art Huhdan ja John Lehden. Tiesin, että näillä tiedoilla jotakin pitäisi tehdä. Gustafso- neja lukuun ottamatta he kaikki olivat tuolloin elossa. Olisin voinut saada heihin henkilökohtaisen yhteyden, mutta aina oli muka muita kiireitä. Joka tapauksessa
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