Data for Development in Health: a Case Study and Monitoring Framework from Kazakhstan
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Post-Soviet Era Neoliberalism and Privatization in Kazakhstan’S
POST-SOVIET ERA NEOLIBERALISM AND PRIVATIZATION IN KAZAKHSTAN’S HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEM Nazgul Bayetova Florida International University POST-SOVIET ERA NEOLIBERALISM AND PRIVATIZATION IN KAZAKHSTAN’S HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEM 595 Abstract By applying grounded theory as a methodological tool and using higher education policy documents and the speeches of the former president of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Nursultan Nazarbayev (1991-2019), I examined the changes that occurred in higher education system in Kazakhstan based on neoliberalism. Kazakhstan has transition to higher education policies based upon core neoliberal ideas, such as privatization, meritocracy, individualism, self-reliance, and competition. However, neoliberal policies in Kazakhstan has been influenced by the local political and governance system. Specifically, as it was found, the first president of the Republic of Kazakhstan has maintained a crucial position in shaping the contemporary higher education policies. With Nazarbayev’s initiative, significant educational projects that meet core neoliberal ideas have been introduced and financially and politically prioritized despite the lack of evidence of their effectiveness. The analysis of the policy documents has revealed that higher education policy changes were informed by autocratic and leader-centric neoliberal system. POST-SOVIET ERA NEOLIBERALISM AND PRIVATIZATION IN KAZAKHSTAN’S HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEM 596 POST-SOVIET ERA NEOLIBERALISM AND PRIVATIZATION IN KAZAKHSTAN’S HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEM Before transitioning to a market-based economy, Kazakhstan maintained a centralized government as a Soviet Republic within the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR). Kazakhstan achieved its independence in 1991, the last Soviet Republic to do so. During the Soviet era, higher education was financed by the central government, and students received university education without charge. -
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Scientific Foundation SPIROSKI, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences. 2021 Feb 18; 9(E):89-94. https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2021.5704 eISSN: 1857-9655 Category: E - Public Health Section: Public Health Legislation Health-care Accessibility Assessment in Kazakhstan Askhat Shaltynov1*, Aizhan Raushanova2, Ulzhan Jamedinova3, Aigerim Sepbossynova4, Altay Myssayev5, Ayan Myssayev6 1Department of Public Health, Semey Medical University, Semey, Kazakhstan; 2Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Evidence-Based Medicine, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan; 3Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics University, Semey, Kazakhstan; 4Department of Family Medicine, Semey Medical University, Semey, Kazakhstan; 5Department of Radioisotope Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan; 6Department of Innovations in Medical Education, Semey Medical University, Semey, Kazakhstan Abstract Edited by: Sasho Stoleski BACKGROUND: Global health initiatives such as health for all and universal health coverage aim to improve access Citation: Shaltynov A, Raushanova A, Jamedinova U, Sepbossynova A, Myssayev A, Myssayev A. Health-care to health care. These goals require constant comprehensive monitoring to eliminate inequalities in the availability of Accessibility Assessment in Kazakhstan. Open Access health care. Maced J Med Sci. 2021 Feb 18; 9(E):89-94. https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2021.5704 AIM: The purpose of our study was to assess the physical availability of medical care in Kazakhstan. Keywords: Availability; Inequality; Access *Correspondence: Askhat Shaltynov, Semey Medical METHODS: A descriptive study based on a Service Availability and Readiness Assessment (SARA) general University, Semey, Kazakhstan. E-mail: [email protected] availability index calculation that used secondary data as a source of information. -
Approved for Defense» Supervisor ______«__» ______20__
Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan M. Narikbayev KAZGUU University «Approved for Defense» Supervisor _________________ ___________________ «__» _________ 20__ MASTER’S THESIS «Fiscal issues of social health insurance implementation in Kazakhstan» specialty 7М04124 - «Finance» Written by Aidana Yerzhanova Supervisor: Galym Makhmejanov Nur-Sultan, 2021 M. Narikbayev KAZGUU University Fiscal issues of social health insurance implementation in Kazakhstan Aidana Yerzhanova May 20, 2021 «Approved» Supervisor: Galym Makhmejanov Supervisor’s Signature ___________________ «__» _________ 20__ Nur-Sultan, 2021 ii Abstract of “Fiscal issues of social health insurance implementation in Kazakhstan” by Aidana Yerzhanova HSE KAZGUU University May, 2021 The aim of implementing new social health insurance system in Kazakhstan is increasing the expenses for one household and decrease the out-of-pocket payments. The importance of out-of-pocket payments is part of the financing system of health care in all countries. However, catastrophically high private spending can lead to financial instability of the entire health system, and national economy as a whole. High level of private service costs health suggests that the population prefers pay for medical services at their own expense. And this means that allocated public funds are not enough effectively used, there is still a shortage accessibility of health services. Also unregulated high health care prices are often an obstacle to access to necessary medical care, and also contributes -
Views of Physicians on the Profession of a Nurse in Kazakhstan
Views of Physicians on the Profession of a Nurse in Kazakhstan Maimakova Akmaral Master’s thesis December 2019 Social services, Health and Sports Degree Programme in Advanced Nursing Practice Description Author(s) Type of publication Date Maimakova, Akmaral Master’s thesis December 2019 Language of publication: English Number of pages Permission for web 47 publication: x Title of publication Views of Physicians on the Profession of a Nurse Degree programme Degree Programme in Advanced Nursing Practice Supervisor(s) Heikkila, Johanna Ospanova, Dinara Assigned by Background. In Kazakhstan, there is an objective need for the development and reform of nursing, as today there is an unproductive use of nursing personnel. Insufficient training of nurses is noted. Rationing the workload of a nurse requires improvement. Objective. Describe how the physicians in Kazakhstan evaluate the image of nursing Methods. Quantitative research approach was employed, and an electronic questionnaire was used for data collection. The participants consisted of 207 physicians. The Perceptions of Professional Nursing questionnaire, which measured perceptions of nursing Practice, Values, and Public Image, was used. The data was analyzed by using descriptive statistics. Open-ended questions were analyzed with thematic analysis. Results. The perception of the nurse profession by physicians in Kazakhstan varied. 82% of the doctors agreed with the statement Nurses work hard. 87.4% doctors agreed that the nurse is an important member of the health care team. 75.4% of physicians agreed that nurses need to learn the skills of other healthcare providers and 83.2% agreed that most complications can be avoided if the job is done correctly. -
AVRASYA ARAŞTIRMA ENSTİTÜSÜ FAALİYETLER 2014-2017 Takriz
AVRASYA ARAŞTIRMA ENSTİTÜSÜ FAALİYETLER 2014-2017 Takriz hmet Yesevi Üniversitesinin Almatı’da kurulan araştırma kurumu Avrasya Araştırma Enstitüsü, Balkanlardan Moğolistan’a kadar uzanan bir alanı kapsayan Avrasya bölgesinde, özellikle de bu bölgede yoğun olarak yaşayan Türk Dili konuşan Devlet ve Topluluklarında ekonomi, finans, enerji, uluslararası ilişkiler, güvenlik, ulaşım, teknoloji, eğitim, Akültür, sanat, dil, din, felsefe, sosyoloji, siyaset, tarih, arkeoloji ve çevre konularında disiplinler arası özgün bilimsel araştırmalar yapmak amacıyla kurulmuştur. Bu ama- cını en etkin şekilde gerçekleştirme yönünde atılan adımların, kurumu uluslararası düzeyde tanıttığını ve önemli araştırma kuruluşlarından biri haline getirdiğini bü- yük bir sevinçle görmekteyiz. Elbette bu büyük başarının ardında yatan başlıca etken, değerli çalışma arkadaşımız Avrasya Araştırma Enstitüsü Müdürü Doç. Dr. Nevzat Şimşek başkanlığında yürütül- en verimli ve etkin çalışmalardır. Sayın Şimşek ve ekibi, Avrasya bölgesi ve Türk dili konuşan Devlet ve Topluluklarında ilgili alanlarda gerçekleştirdikleri disiplinler arası bilimsel araştırmalar, planladıkları ve destekledikleri projeler ile Türk Dili konuşan Devlet ve Toplulukların ortak hedefleri ve bölgesel barışın korunması ve işbirliğinin geliştirilmesine dönük stratejiler geliştirme ve bu amaçla bilimsel veriler üretme noktasında çok değerli katkılar sağlamışlardır. 2 AVRASYA ARAŞTIRMA ENSTiTÜSÜ FAALiYETLERİ P ROF. DR. MUSA YILDIZ HOCA AHMET YESEVİ ULUSLARARASI TÜRK-KAZAK ÜNİVERSİTESİ MÜTEVELLİ HEYET BAŞKANI -
February-March 2005
Connections February-March 2005 For more information about any of the stories found in this issue please contact [email protected] Partner News • Integrating Social Services with Primary Healthcare: Successful Demeu Model to Be Disseminated in Kazakhstan • Fighting HIV/AIDS-related Stigma and Discrimination in Croatia • Building a Sustainable Infrastructure to Fight HIV/AIDS in Tomsk • Director of AIHA's Donetsk EMS Training Center Dies Regional News • Experts Appeal to Russian Government to Notice Devastating Pace of HIV/AIDS Epidemic • UNICEF Fights for the Rights of Romania's Abandoned Children Workshops, Conferences, Opportunities and Grants • World Health Day 2005 • 7th Congress of European Association for Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics • 3rd IAS Conference on HIV Pathogenesis and Treatment • 11th World Conference on Lung Cancer Features • AIHA Launches National Anti-TB Awareness Campaign in Moldova Partner News Integrating Social Services with Primary Healthcare: Successful Demeu Model to Be Disseminated in Kazakhstan A Memorandum of Understanding among the Kazakh Ministry of Health, Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare, and AIHA signed on December 3, 2004, marked the launch of a national expansion of the successful community-oriented primary care model (COPC) first pioneered by AIHA's Astana/Pittsburgh partners in 2000 at the Demeu Family Medicine Center in Astana. According to Kazakh Minister of Health Yerbolat Dosayev, the government's decision to replicate the Astana model was based on its demonstrable success in delivering high-quality primary care services and achieving improved health outcomes in the catchment area through the practice of integrating social services into the comprehensive healthcare programs offered at Demeu. -
Data for Development in Health: a Case Study and Monitoring Framework from Kazakhstan
Research Data for development in health: a case study and monitoring framework from Kazakhstan Konrad Obermann,1 Tata Chanturidze,2 Erica Richardson,3 Serik Tanirbergenov,4 Marat Shoranov,5 Ali Nurgozhaev6 To cite: Obermann K, ABSTRACT Key questions Chanturidze T, Richardson E, Healthcare reforms are often not coupled with a et al . Data for development in relevant and appropriate monitoring framework, leaving health: a case study and What is already known about this topic? policymakers and the public without evidence about monitoring framework from ▸ Healthcare reforms are always complex and thus Kazakhstan. BMJ Global the implications of such reforms. require feedback about their impact. Health 2016;1:e000003. Kazakhstan has embarked on a large-scale reform of ▸ Healthcare policy initiatives are often not doi:10.1136/bmjgh-2015- its healthcare system in order to achieve Universal coupled with a relevant and applicable monitor- 000003 Health Coverage. The health-related 2020 Strategic ing framework. Development Goals reflect this political ambition. In a case-study approach and on the basis of published and What are the new findings? Received 28 October 2015 unpublished evidence as well as personal involvement ▸ The existing national monitoring concept was Accepted 1 March 2016 and experience (A) the indicators in the 2020 Strategic reviewed and found to have substantial short- Development Goals were assessed and (B) a ‘data- comings in the health policy aspects covered mapping’ exercise was conducted, where the WHO and the usefulness of indicators. health system framework was used to describe the ▸ A simplified framework was presented, coupling data available at present in Kazakhstan and comment national needs and the comprehensive monitor- on the different indicators regarding their usefulness ing framework developed by the WHO, the for monitoring the current health-related 2020 Strategic World Bank and the Global Fund. -
Transport Sector Progress Report and Work Plan 2019–2021
Reference Document For Session 1 of the 18th Transport Sector Coordinating Committee Meeting April 2019 Transport Sector Progress Report and Work Plan 2019–2021 18th Transport Sector Coordinating Committee Meeting Central Asia Regional Economic Cooperation 25–26 April 2019 Tashkent, Uzbekistan 2 I. KEY DEVELOPMENTS A. Introduction 1. The 11 Central Asia Regional Economic Cooperation (CAREC) countries continue to implement the CAREC Transport and Trade Facilitation Strategy 2020 (TTFS 2020), which aims to establish competitive corridors, facilitate the movement of goods and people though these corridors, and provide sustainable, safe, and user-friendly transport networks. 2. Priority infrastructure work focuses on the construction and upgrade of roads and rail lines along the six CAREC multimodal corridors connecting the mainly landlocked CAREC countries to wider regional and global networks. Appendix 1 shows the CAREC Multimodal Corridor Map, which was revised in 2017 to include Georgia, thus providing the corridor network with access to the Black Sea ports and the land border with Turkey. The implementation of physical investments (hard infrastructure) is supported by a set of complementary soft side initiatives under five pillars, namely (i) road safety, (ii) railways, (iii) road asset management, (iv) transport facilitation, and (v) aviation. B. Sector Implementation 3. This report covers progress made by the CAREC member countries in 2018 against the TTFS 2020 and subsequently the CAREC Transport Sector Work Plan 2018–2020. I t also covers progress achieved in the implementation of the two major subsector strategies: the CAREC railway strategy (Unlocking the Potential of Railways: A Railway Strategy for CAREC, 2017-2030) and the CAREC road safety strategy (Safely Connected: A Regional Road Safety Strategy for CAREC Countries, 2017-2030). -
Introduction
Kazakhstan's COVID-19 Strategy: Chronology, Measures, Results Analytical report – Nur-Sultan – 2020 TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................... 3 1. COVID-19 PANDEMIC: INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL DIMENSIONS .................... 5 2. SPECIFIC FEATURES AND PREVALENCE OF CORONAVIRUS IN KAZAKHSTAN ........................................................................ 17 3. COUNTERACTION TO CORONAVIRUS COVID-19 ............................................... 24 4. EVALUATION BY EXTERNAL REVIEWERS REGARDING TAKEN MEASURES ON FIGHT AGAINST THE CORONAVIRAL INFECTION COVID-19 IN KAZAKHSTAN ............................... 41 5. CURRENT CONSEQUENCES AND POSSIBILITIES FOR THE FUTURE ................. 44 CONCLUSIONS .......................................................................................................... 49 REFERENCES .............................................................................................................. 51 INTRODUCTION Since the beginning of 2020, the whole world has been facing major challenges due to the spread of the COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic. This refers to a serious disease affecting the human respiratory system, potentially leading to physical complications up to a fatal outcome. It is worth noting that coronaviruses constitute a large group of viruses with proven pathogenic properties in relation to humans or animals. A number of them may cause respiratory infections in humans ranging from common colds to -
HEALTHCARE in KAZAKHSTAN a Brief Overview
HEALTHCARE IN KAZAKHSTAN A Brief Overview Republican Center for Health Development, 2017 www.rcrz.kz TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 SOCIOECONOMIC PROFILE 2 HEALTHCARE REFORMS 3 HEALTH STATUS 4 MORTALITY BY CAUSES 5 HEALTHCARE EXPENDITURE 6 HEALTHCARE WORKFORCE 7 MEDICAL EDUCATION 8 MEDICAL SCIENCE 9 MEDICAL CARE QUALITY CONTROL 10 DRUG PROVISION 11 HEALTH INFORMATION SYSTEMS 12 HEALTHCARE INFRASTRUCTURE 13 PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS 1 SOCIOECONOMIC PROFILE Total area Border length 2 724 900 9th 13394 km2 largest country in the km world Administrative division 14 2 177 87 30 6693 provinces cities of districts cities rural towns villages republican status Capital Largest Largest province Most densely city populated province Astana Almaty Karagandy South Kazakhstan Population Population Total area of 428 thou- Density of 24.2 people of over 1 of over 1.7 sands km2 per 1 km2 million million Demographics 18.0 million 6.5 people per 1 km2 57.5% urban 42.5% rural 51.6% female 48.4% male GDP $ 460 billion (PPP) $ 25 669 per capita (PPP) (2016) (2016) 2 HEALTHCARE REFORMS State program of reform and development of 2004 healthcare for 2005-2010 Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On health of the 2009 population and the healthcare system" 2009 Concept of the Unified national healthcare system "Salamatty Kazakhstan" state healthcare development 2010 program for 2011-2015 "Densaulyk" state healthcare development program 2016 for 2016-2019 "Densaulyk" State healthcare development program for 2016-2019 Key goal: strengthening the health of the population to ensure -
The Effectiveness of Screening Program: the Case of Cardiovascular Diseases in Kazakhstan Ramazan Tabuldin Supervised by Galiya SAGYNDYKOVA
Nazarbayev University Thesis paper The effectiveness of screening program: The Case of Cardiovascular Diseases in Kazakhstan Ramazan Tabuldin supervised by Galiya SAGYNDYKOVA December 11, 2017 Abstract Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are ones of the major death-causing issues in Kazakhstan which are needed to be solved. Different pro- grams have been implemented in order to reduce the incidence of CVDs and the screening program is the one of them. The aim of this research is to identify the effectiveness of the screening program through assessing the hospitalization of the patients. After adjust- ing inclusion and exclusion criteria, the data obtained from polyclinic #5 of Astana contained medical records of 12 191 people in the age group of 41-59. Logit regression model analysis was used to find the significance of the independent variables and its effects. Addition- ally, average marginal effects were considered to represent the change in probability of outcomes. The results show that influence of the screening participation is not high enough to conclude that hospital- ization depends on it. On the other hand, patients that participated twice in the program had lower chances of being hospitalized. Keywords: screening program, cardiovascular disease, screening ef- fectiveness Introduction Since the introduction of the first screening program, it has shown out- standing results in terms of early detection of diseases (Morabia & Zhang, 2004). Many lives were saved, which is crucial from ethical point of view. However, the effectiveness of the program is still debated by economists. Stout et al. (2006) suggest that the screening campaigns are too costly to implement. While Hackl et al. -
EASTCOMTRANS LLP (A Limited Liability Partnership Incorporated Under the Laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan ) U.S.$100,000,000 7.75 Per Cent
EASTCOMTRANS LLP (a limited liability partnership incorporated under the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan ) U.S.$100,000,000 7.75 per cent. Senior Secured Notes due 2018 Issue Price 98.986 per cent. The U.S.$100,000,000 7.75 per cent. Senior Secured Notes due 2018 (the “Notes ”) will be issued by Eastcomtrans LLP (the “Issuer ”). The Notes will be constituted under a trust deed to be entered into between US Bank Trustees Limited as trustee and security trustee (the “Trustee ”) and the Issuer on or around 22 April 2013 (the “ Trust Deed ”). The Notes will be subject, to and have the benefit of, the Trust Deed. Holders of the Notes will benefit from the security arrangements described in this Prospectus (“ Prospectus ”). See “ Description of the Security ” for a further description of the security arrangements. The Issuer will pay interest on the Notes at an annual rate equal to 7.75 per cent. of their outstanding principal amount. Interest on the Notes is payable semi-annually in arrear on 22 April and 22 October of each year, commencing on 22 October 2013. Payments on the Notes will be made without withholding or deduction for or on account of taxes, unless such withholding or deduction is required by law. In the event of any withholding or deduction for or on account of taxes of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the Issuer will, subject to certain exceptions and limitations, pay additional amounts to the holder of any Note to the extent described under “Terms and Conditions of the Notes - Taxation”.