Performing Art Heritage of India: Music Instruments: Sarangi and Santoor- Flexiprep

9/22/2021 Performing Art Heritage of India: Music Instruments: Sarangi and Santoor- FlexiPrep

FlexiPrep Performing Art Heritage of India: Music Instruments: Sarangi and Santoor (For CBSE, ICSE, IAS, NET, NRA 2022)

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Music Instruments Sarangi The Sarangi is a bowed stringed instrument and representative of India. The word ‘Sarangi’ has been derived from two Hindi words, ‘Sau’ , which means hundred and ‘Rang’ , which means color. It is called Sarangi because the sound of this musical instrument is very pleasing and communicative. It is said that Sarangi is very close to human voice and that is why it is regarded as the best accompanying instrument in India.

Santoor The Santoor is a folk instrument of Kashmir. It is a popular instrument, mostly used in singing the Sufiana kalam. The santoor is a trapezoid-shaped musical instrument. It is usually made of walnut wood, with numerous strings and is said to be related to the shata- tantriveena of earlier times. A lightweight wooden hammer, used to play the santoor, is known as Mezrab. To play the Santoor, these mallets (Mezrab) are held between the index and middle fingers.

Mridanga

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The literal meaning of Mridanga is ‘body of clay’ . It is one of the most important instruments in South India that provides rhythm to Carnatic music performances. Mridangam is a classical percussion instrument. It is known by the different names such as mridanga, mridangam, mrudangam and mrithangam. A smaller Mridanga is called the Khol or Srikhol in Bengal.

Gottu Vadyam The Gottu Vadhyam is also known as chitraveena, Chitra vina, Maha Nataka vina. It is a very rare instrument which is played in the Southern part of India. Gottu Vadhyam is 2 - 3 feet long and is like a hammered lute. Much like tambura, it is supported at the neck and has four strings. Sometimes, it is used as the secondary instrument accompanying Mridangam.

Chenda Cylindrical in shape, Chenda is an extremely popular in Kerala and some parts of Karnataka. It is a called Chende in Karnataka. It usually accompanies Hindu religious art forms of Kerala. Chenda is used as accompaniment for Kathakali and Koodiyattam dances and social rituals in Kerala.

Rabab Rabab is the national instrument of Arabs. It journeyed through Middle East and Afghanistan to reach India. It was the most popular instrument in Kashmir and also 2 of 4 9/22/2021 Performing Art Heritage of India: Music Instruments: Sarangi and Santoor- FlexiPrep

during Akbar՚s time. Ustad Pyar Khan and Bahadur Khan were known great Rababiyas.

Dhol, Dholak, Dhak The Dhol is the most popular musical instrument and is an important part of folk music. There are various kinds of Dhols in India, varying from the sophisticated to the aboriginal tribes played by the common masses. Dhol is very much popular in Bengal. Dhol is smaller in size and quite popular in the North Indian regions. Dhak is a bigger size of Dhol and played during Bengal in the Puja ceremonies.

Khanjira Khanjira is also called Khanjari. It is the oldest musical instrument played in folk songs and religious ceremonies. In South India, it has become an integral part of classical music.

Pakhawaj

Pakhawaj is a smaller size of South Indian Mridangam. It is the most popular part of the North Indian music. It is used in the Dhrupad style of singing. During the Mughal period it was one of the important musical instruments played with vocal music and dance.

The Indian music world was further enriched by the inclusion of western musical instruments such as, Violin, Harmonium, Guitar, Clarinet, and Mandolin.

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