The Modern Trombone the Modern Trombone
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The Modern Trombone The Modern Trombone A Definition of Its Idioms NlU ML ' - t STUART DEMPSTER l,’li)iA'JAU\'SVEf;5;7/ UBRARySCHCCLOF^USiO Bi.OOf®GrcsV, IN 47405 INDIANA U N I\T R S nY LIBRARIES BLOOMINGTON . t Accura Music, Inc. Athens, Ohio To my wife, Renko Clonicnis List of Recordeii Examples.................................................................. xi A ck n o w led g m en ts.................................................................................xv Forew ord.................................................................................................... 1 I. Voice and M u ltip h o n ic s......................................................................... 5 The Voice, 5 Voice and Buzzed Lip, 6 The Scream, 8 High Register Close Double Stopping, 8 Spht Tone, 9 Buzzed Lip and Muted Vowel Harmonics, 9 Auxiliary Double or Single Reed, 1 2 II. Vowels and C o n s o n a n ts ........................................................................ 13 Buzzed Vowels, 13 Vowel Harmonics, 14 Vocal Vowels, 14 Tonguings, 15 Consonants, 16 HI. G lis s a n d o s .................................................................................................18 Normal Glissando, 18 Bent Tone, 19 Harmonic Glissando, 20 IV. M ic ro to n e s.................................................................................................24 Just Tuning, 25 Sixth Tones, 26 Quarter Tones and Eighth Tones, 26 Microtones, 27 Leaps or Skips, 27 Reverberation, 28 Doppler, 28 V. Vibratos and T r i l l s ...................................................................................29 Slide Vibrato, 29 Lip or Jaw Vibrato, 31 Tongue or Vowel Vibrato, 32 Diaphragm or Gut Vibrato, 33 Trill and Shake, 34 Tremolos, 35 Voice Vibratos, 35 Mute Vibratos, 35 vn ( O N / I N J S VIII V I, O ther H o d y .............................................................................................................................................. ...... f)u//.e(l I-lp, * lonKKC-Hu//, 4 I m Sh.pl.;nK-*c, l-lNtf/, -«■'< IridlHofial Mu((crloriK'J«, 1'/ Voicc, 3‘/ l-.iop»iaj(fal Spccdi amf f’lowd .Sound!, '♦I Throal Sound*, 42 nitk»and Iliuckt, 41 Air Sound*, 4 3 Inhaled .Sound*, 44 Circular Hreaflijn*, 44 VII. Slide and Hell l)i'>:iHScmt>iy........................................................................... Mouthpiet-c, 46 Slide Section, 47 BeJI Section, 4<> "I-” Attathment or "Triiwr," 4V Valve T rcmolo, 50 V I II . P e r c u s s iv e IJevice<> a n d A c c m o r i c * ...............................................................................51 Two Moufhpiecc*. 53 Palm on Moulhpiecc, 53 Bell F-djfe Ifittin*, 54 Vacuum, 54 Mutei, 54 Sfickn, 55 Circular Breathinj; Beater*, 55 Extra Percui«ion, 56 Scraping, 57 Water, 58 Kazoo, 58 Mouthpiece Beater, 59 IX. M u t e s ................................................................................................................... fiO Wa-wa, 61 Buzz, 6] Plunger, 62 Hat, 63 Felt, Bucket, and Hand, 63 Cup, 64 Mute Nucleui, 65 Mute Effectiveneii, 65 Mute Harmonici, 66 X. Means o f E x te n s io n ............................................................................................67 Piano Reionance, 67 KJectronici, 6<( Recommended Sound* for Amphfiaition, 70 Performance Space Revjrianc*, 70 XI. Theatrical I m p l i c a t i o n s ................................................................................ 73 fiarden Ho*«, 73 Mufical Ventriloquism, 74 Theatrical CortKioutneu and Hunv^r 75 Laufh, 75 Theater Piecet, 76 Peiionality Portrayal, 76 CONTENTS IX B ackw ord.......................................................................................................... A p p e n d ic e s ..................................................................................................... I. General Speech ........................................................................... Annotations, 82 Score, 85 II. Ten Grand H oseiy ...................................................................... Stage, 90 Lighting, 90 Perform ance, 91 III. The Didjeridu ................................................................................ IV. John Cage and Frank R eh ak .................................................. V. R a n g e ............................................................................................... High Range, 98 Pedal Tories, 99 Bartok Glissando, 100 Double Trigger, 100 Tenor-Bass, 101 A lto T rom bone, 101 New Limits, i02 B ib lio g r a p h y ............................................................................................... ’ Books and Articles, 103 Music, 103 Recordings, 104 I n d e x ............................................................................................................... The examples that will be found on the compact disc that accompanics this book are listed hei^ by chaptcr. The bands on Ihe compact disc correspond to the chapter number. These examples are coordinated with the text, and ;n the margins of the text you will find the recorded example numbers adjacent to the relcvani text discussion. In the list below, follow each example, the text page number where the relevant text discussion occurs is given. C hapter I a. Voice Speaking Through the Trombone, 5 b. Voice Singing Through the Trombone, 5 c. Humsing, 6 d. Unison (on F), 6 e. “Beats” Produced by Moving Slowly from a Unison Toward a Half Step, 6 f. Unison with Alternating Dynamics, 6 g. Pitch Exchange (Glissed and Slurred), 7 h. Intervals (Chorale), 7 i. Scream (No Playing), 8 j. Scream with Playing, 8 k. Scream with Playing and Vowels, 8 1. High Register Close Double Stopping, 8 m. Spht Tone, 9 n. Split Tone During Glissando, 9 o. Multiphonic Choices on Low Bb, 10 p. Multiphonic Choices on Low F, 10 q. Multiphonic Choices with Wa-wa Mute on Middle F, 11 r. Multiphonic Choices with Wa-wa Mute on Low Bb, 11 s. Two Superimposed Vowel Harmonics (Oral Cavity Change with Wa-wa Mute), 11 t. Double Reed, 12 C hapter II a. Vowels: a, e, i, o, u, and Sometimes y, 13 b. Vowel Harmonics (See Also I.o,p,q,r), 14 c. Vocal Vowels (No Instrument), 14 d. Vocal Vowels Through Instrument (But No Playing), 15 XI K J'.COK Dt'I.X AM IM.I-.S XII Chapter III a. Nomial Glissando, 1H b. Normal C;iissan(Jo with Break. IK c. Bent Tone, 19 d Drop (Down and Up). 20 e. Rip n jp and Down), 20 f Harmonic Glissando (Usual Parameter), 2 ‘h “ u Ml«b o„d l l » Bb S l„ « and F as,, 2 , i. Almost Same Note Hannonic CJlissando Shortened, 22 j. Almost Same Note Harmonic C.lissando Lcnuthcnui, 22 CTiapter IV a. Rolling Bell on Piano Strings, 28 b. 53 Seconds from the Opening Section of Oliveros’s Theater Piece: Bell on Piano Strings and Piano Frame (See Also VIII.k.) with Garden Hose (See Also XI.a.), 28 c. Final 1 Minute 13 Seconds of Oliveros’s Theater !Hece\ Swinging Garden Hose over Head While Playing, 28 d. Middle 1 Minute 19 Seconds of Dempster’s Didjeridervish Where Instrument and Player Rotate as a Unit, 28 Chapter V a. Three Primary Vibratos: Normal Parameters of Slide, Lip, and Diaphragm, 29 b. Slide Vibrato; Variable Speed and/or Width, 30 c. Shde Vibrato: More Dennite Pitch Indication, 30 d. Slide Vibrato: Fast and Wide with Diminishing Width, 30 e. Lip or Jaw Vibrato: Variable Speed and/or Width, 31 f. Combination Slide and law Vibratos: Normal Except for Slower Jaw, 31 g. Combination Slide and Jaw Vibratos: Both Varied, 32 h. Tongue or Vowel Vibrato: Normal Parameter, 32 i. Tongue or Vowel Vibrato: Variable Speed and/or Width, 32 j. Tongue and Jaw Vibratos: Exchanging from One to the Other, 33 k. Diaphragm or Gut Vibrato: Variable Speed and/or Width, 33 I. Diaphragm or Gut Vibrato: Diagonals Indicating Crescendo or Diminuendo, 33 m. Shde, Jaw, and Diaphragm Vibratos in Combination, 33 Chapter VI a- Alternating Normal Lip Buzz with Tongue-Buzz 38 b. Tonguc-Mouth Flutter, 38 c. Tongue-Mouth Flutter: Fake Low Pedal Notes 38 d. High, Screamed Whistling or Whooshing, 3 9 e. Voice Lecture, 39 f. Quarrel, 40 g. Dog Bark, 40 Ml'« IMMil I) |! SAM I* I in xm ' 7 ,'........................................... ............................................. s ,„ h„ i,. .m. I, K p Ii 'IiImh, M I I I'unpliuurol S|ir<M li, >11 k. Stoiiiiii li t loiihlr, 'I I I, WIilttlllMK, 'I I in Klinliiu <11 Ninni kliiu, 'I.’ II. MIk.Ii K IhoIiih Soitiiil, •!.' (». riiriiiil <'IriiiliiK, »l»’ p. S|>ll, 42 (|, A lirin, Al r. V cljit(’llt k.4< %, f'onllniiniiH Vrliu, >] t I. Noii-pllt'hcd I'pcldl Tniirn, 4 t II. KimhliiK Air, A » V. I)(>K I’linl, WIilHllliiK AllriMiilliiK wllli HI(.w|ii(j. A \ w. Vocal Itilialc, 44 X. Hu/./,cil Infiiilo, 44 Chapter VII a. l,ip Uuzz, 4ri I), I,lp Muzz Into Moiitlipirip, Al»<> Ddtir wllli I'liillcilonum’. 4ri c. Moullipiccc 'I'alk. WoikinK IlitiulN In I'Voiil ol' M(»iillipliHc. 4(i (I. PliiyinK on Inside (Outer Sllile ()(T) Sluit’ Secllon Alone (With MonthpieiT). 47 c. Playinn on Slide Sciilion with Only (he 'I'op Tiihr I'.iiKaKcd. 4K f. Vacuum Smack (Crcatirifi Sucllon and hilling Outer Slide Off), 4H «. Blowing over Slide 'l uheN, A» over a Hottie, 4H h. Slide Scction Alone, Mouth on Mouthpiece and 'I'huinb (‘overinn l.owcr T uIhv Creating Suction and PrcNHure Altcrnalciy by Moving Slide Hack and I-orth, 4K i. Valve Slide Removed and Keplaced, 49 j. Valve Slide Off: Cuivr6 liffect, 50 k, Valve 7rcrnolo; Playlnit witli One Valve I'uIjc (InKaned, 50 I, Slow Valve Tremolo (Malf Valve liffect Included), 51 Chapter VIII a. Beating Two Mouthpieces Together, 5.1 b. Striking Mouthpiece with Palm, Leaving Palm On, 53 c. Strikinx Mouthpiece with Palm, HrinKlnK Palm Off Quickly, 54 d. A* in b. and c. But MovinK the Slide for Pitch Variation, 54 c- Hitting Bell hdgc with King, 54 f, Platitic-handled Percustion Stick in (Jrip Area, 55 K- Snare fJrum Brush on Hell, 55 h, Supcrball Beater on Bell: Rubhing Sounds, 55 i. Producing Rhythmi by Variation* in Circular Breathing (Sec Also IV.d.), 55 j. Scraping Bell on Ploor, 57 k. Scraping Bell on Piano Strings and Piano Frame (See Also IV.h.), 57 1. Playing with Bell near or Under Water, 5f< xiv r e c o r d e d e x a m p l e s C hapter IX a. Wa-wa Mute: Stem in All the Way, 61 b. Wa-wa Mute; Stem Half Extended, 61 c. W'a-wa Mute: Stem Fully Extended, 61 d. Wa-wa Mute: Stem Removed, 61 e. Wa-wa Mute Backwards to Produce a Buzz, 61 f.