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Chronology and Faunal Evolution of the Middle Eocene Bridgerian North American Land Mammal “Age”: Achieving High Precision Geochronology Kaori Tsukui Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY 2016 © 2015 Kaori Tsukui All rights reserved ABSTRACT Chronology and Faunal Evolution of the Middle Eocene Bridgerian North American Land Mammal “Age”: Achieving High Precision Geochronology Kaori Tsukui The age of the Bridgerian/Uintan boundary has been regarded as one of the most important outstanding problems in North American Land Mammal “Age” (NALMA) biochronology. The Bridger Basin in southwestern Wyoming preserves one of the best stratigraphic records of the faunal boundary as well as the preceding Bridgerian NALMA. In this dissertation, I first developed a chronological framework for the Eocene Bridger Formation including the age of the boundary, based on a combination of magnetostratigraphy and U-Pb ID-TIMS geochronology. Within the temporal framework, I attempted at making a regional correlation of the boundary-bearing strata within the western U.S., and also assessed the body size evolution of three representative taxa from the Bridger Basin within the context of Early Eocene Climatic Optimum. Integrating radioisotopic, magnetostratigraphic and astronomical data from the early to middle Eocene, I reviewed various calibration models for the Geological Time Scale and intercalibration of 40Ar/39Ar data among laboratories and against U-Pb data, toward the community goal of achieving a high precision and well integrated Geological Time Scale. In Chapter 2, I present a magnetostratigraphy and U-Pb zircon geochronology of the Bridger Formation from the Bridger Basin in southwestern Wyoming. -
Uppermost Cretaceous and Tertiary Stratigraphy of Fossil Basin, Southwestern Wyoming
Uppermost Cretaceous and Tertiary Stratigraphy of Fossil Basin, Southwestern Wyoming By STEVEN S. ORIEL and JOSHUA I. TRACEY, JR. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 635 New subdivisions of the J,ooo-Joot-thick continental Evanston, Wasatch, Green River, and Fowkes Formations facilitate understanding of sediment genesis and Jl7yoming thrust-belt tectonic events UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON 1970 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR WALTER J. HICKEL, Secretary GEOLOGICAL SURVEY William T. Pecora, Director Library of Congress catalog-card No. 70-604646 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, D.C. 20402 - Price 65 cents (paper cover) CONTENTS Page Wasatch Formation-Continued Abstract __________________________________________ _ 1 Fossils and age-Continued· Page Introduction ______________________________________ _ 2 Tunp Member______________________________ 28 Purpose ______________________________________ _ 2 Origin--------~-------------------------------- 28 Earlier work_ .. __ - __ - ___________________ - _-- _- __ 2 Tectonic implications ____________ -_-------------- 29 Acknowledgments __ . ___________________________ _ 2 Green River Formation ___ .. _______ ------------------ 30 General relations ___ -- _________________________ _ 5 Name and usage __________________ -------------- 30 Evanston Formation _______________________________ _ 5 Definition __________________ -_-------------- 30 N arne and usage _______________________________ _ 5 Lithologic heterogeneity. -
Introduction to Greater Green River Basin Geology, Physiography, and History of Investigations
Introduction to Greater Green River Basin Geology, Physiography, and History of Investigations U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 1506-A Introduction to Greater Green River Basin Geology, Physiography, and History of Investigations By HENRY W. ROEHLER GEOLOGY OF THE EOCENE WASATCH, GREEN RIVER, AND BRIDGER (WASHAKIE) FORMATIONS, GREATER GREEN RIVER BASIN, WYOMING, UTAH, AND COLORADO U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 1506-A UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON : 1992 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR MANUEL LUJAN, JR., Secretary U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Dallas L. Peck, Director Any use of trade, product, or firm names in this publication is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Roehler, Henry W. Introduction to greater Green River basin geology, physiography, and history of investigations / by Henry W. Roehler. p. cm. (Geology of the Eocene Wasatch, Green River, and Bridger (Washakie) formations, greater Green River basin, Wyoming, Utah, and Colorado) (U.S. Geological Survey professional paper ; 1506-A) Includes bibliographical references (p. ). Supt. of Docs, no.: I 19.16:1506A 1. Geology, Stratigraphic Eocene. 2. Geology Green River Watershed (Wyo.-Utah). I. Title. II. Series. III. Series: U.S. Geological Survey professional paper ; 1506-A. QE692.2.R625 1992 551.7'84'097925 dc20 91-23181 CIP For sale by Book and Open-File Report Sales, U.S. Geological Survey, Federal Center, Box 25286, Denver, CO 80225 CONTENTS Page Abstract ........................................................................................................................................ Al Purpose and scope of investigation ............................................................................................ 1 Location and accessibility of the greater Green River basin ................................................... 2 Geologic setting ........................................................................................................................... -
Eocene Green River Formation, Western United States
Synoptic reconstruction of a major ancient lake system: Eocene Green River Formation, western United States M. Elliot Smith* Alan R. Carroll Brad S. Singer Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Wisconsin, 1215 West Dayton Street, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA ABSTRACT Members. Sediment accumulation patterns than being confi ned to a single episode of arid thus refl ect basin-center–focused accumula- climate. Evaporative terminal sinks were Numerous 40Ar/39Ar experiments on sani- tion rates when the basin was underfi lled, initially located in the Greater Green River dine and biotite from 22 ash beds and 3 and supply-limited accumulation when the and Piceance Creek Basins (51.3–48.9 Ma), volcaniclastic sand beds from the Greater basin was balanced fi lled to overfi lled. Sedi- then gradually migrated southward to the Green River, Piceance Creek, and Uinta ment accumulation in the Uinta Basin, at Uinta Basin (47.1–45.2 Ma). This history is Basins of Wyoming, Colorado, and Utah Indian Canyon, Utah, was relatively con- likely related to progressive southward con- constrain ~8 m.y. of the Eocene Epoch. Mul- stant at ~150 mm/k.y. during deposition of struction of the Absaroka Volcanic Prov- tiple analyses were conducted per sample over 5 m.y. of both evaporative and fl uctuat- ince, which constituted a major topographic using laser fusion and incremental heating ing profundal facies, which likely refl ects the and thermal anomaly that contributed to a techniques to differentiate inheritance, 40Ar basin-margin position of the measured sec- regional north to south hydrologic gradient. loss, and 39Ar recoil. -
GEOLOGY THEME STUDY Page 1
NATIONAL HISTORIC LANDMARKS Dr. Harry A. Butowsky GEOLOGY THEME STUDY Page 1 Geology National Historic Landmark Theme Study (Draft 1990) Introduction by Dr. Harry A. Butowsky Historian, History Division National Park Service, Washington, DC The Geology National Historic Landmark Theme Study represents the second phase of the National Park Service's thematic study of the history of American science. Phase one of this study, Astronomy and Astrophysics: A National Historic Landmark Theme Study was completed in l989. Subsequent phases of the science theme study will include the disciplines of biology, chemistry, mathematics, physics and other related sciences. The Science Theme Study is being completed by the National Historic Landmarks Survey of the National Park Service in compliance with the requirements of the Historic Sites Act of l935. The Historic Sites Act established "a national policy to preserve for public use historic sites, buildings and objects of national significance for the inspiration and benefit of the American people." Under the terms of the Act, the service is required to survey, study, protect, preserve, maintain, or operate nationally significant historic buildings, sites & objects. The National Historic Landmarks Survey of the National Park Service is charged with the responsibility of identifying America's nationally significant historic property. The survey meets this obligation through a comprehensive process involving thematic study of the facets of American History. In recent years, the survey has completed National Historic Landmark theme studies on topics as diverse as the American space program, World War II in the Pacific, the US Constitution, recreation in the United States and architecture in the National Parks. -
Paleoenvironmental Implications of Small-Animal Fossils from the Black Mountain Turtle Layer and Associated Layers, Eocene of Wyoming
Andrews University Digital Commons @ Andrews University Master's Theses Graduate Research 2020 Paleoenvironmental Implications of Small-Animal Fossils from the Black Mountain Turtle Layer and Associated Layers, Eocene of Wyoming Jeremy McLarty [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.andrews.edu/theses Part of the Biology Commons Recommended Citation McLarty, Jeremy, "Paleoenvironmental Implications of Small-Animal Fossils from the Black Mountain Turtle Layer and Associated Layers, Eocene of Wyoming" (2020). Master's Theses. 145. https://digitalcommons.andrews.edu/theses/145 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate Research at Digital Commons @ Andrews University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Master's Theses by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ Andrews University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ABSTRACT PALEOENVIRONMENTAL IMPLICATIONS OF SMALL-ANIMAL FOSSILS FROM THE BLACK MOUNTIAN TURTLE LAYER AND ASSOCIATED LAYERS, EOCENE OF WYOMING By JEREMY MCLARTY Chair: H. Thomas Goodwin, Ph.D. ABSTRACT OF GRADUATE STUDENT RESEARCH Thesis Andrews University College of Arts and Sciences Title: PALEOENVIRONMENTAL IMPLICATIONS OF SMALL-ANIMAL FOSSILS FROM THE BLACK MOUNTAIN TURTLE LAYER AND ASSOCIATED LAYERS, EOCENE OF WYOMING Name of researcher: Jeremy A. McLarty Name and degree of faculty chair: H. Thomas Goodwin, Ph.D. Date completed: March 2020 The Bridger Formation is an Early Middle Eocene deposit in southwestern Wyoming that preserves a rich record of life from North America. Some horizons within the Bridger Formation contain abundant fossil turtle shells, but turtle skulls are rarely found. Previous research focused on one of these fossil-rich horizons, the Black Mountain turtle layer, to develop a model for the abundance and taphonomic condition of the fossil turtles. -
Paleontological Resources Technical Report Riley Ridge to Natrona Project DECEMBER 2018
U.S. Department of the Interior Bureau of Land Management Paleontological Resources Technical Report Riley Ridge to Natrona Project DECEMBER 2018 Table of Contents 1.0 Introduction ......................................................................................................................................... 1 2.0 Regional Setting .................................................................................................................................. 1 3.0 Inventory Methodology ....................................................................................................................... 1 4.0 Potential Fossil-Bearing Geologic Formations ................................................................................... 4 4.1 Browns Park Formation (PFYC 3) ............................................................................................ 4 4.2 White River Formation or Group (PFYC 5) .............................................................................. 5 4.3 Wind River Formation (PFYC 5) .............................................................................................. 5 4.4 Green River Formation (PFYC 5) ............................................................................................. 5 4.5 Wasatch Formation (PFYC 5) ................................................................................................... 5 4.6 Battle Spring Formation (PFYC 3)............................................................................................ 6 4.7 Bridger Formation -
CROCODYLOMORPH EGGS and EGGSHELLS from the ADAMANTINA FORMATION (BAURU GROUP), UPPER CRETACEOUS of BRAZIL by CARLOS E
[Palaeontology, Vol. 54, Part 2, 2011, pp. 309–321] CROCODYLOMORPH EGGS AND EGGSHELLS FROM THE ADAMANTINA FORMATION (BAURU GROUP), UPPER CRETACEOUS OF BRAZIL by CARLOS E. M. OLIVEIRA* à, RODRIGO M. SANTUCCI§–, MARCO B. ANDRADE** , VICENTE J. FULFARO*, JOSE´ A. F. BASI´LIO and MICHAEL J. BENTON** *Departamento de Geologia Aplicada, Instituto de Geocieˆncias e Cieˆncias Exatas, IGCE-UNESP, Avenida 24-A 1515, Rio Claro, Sa˜o Paulo 13506-900, Brazil; e-mails [email protected]; [email protected] Fundac¸a˜o Educacional de Fernando´polis, FEF, Caˆmpus Universita´rio, Avenida Teotoˆnio Vilela, PO Box 120, Fernando´polis, Sa˜o Paulo 15600-000, Brazil; e-mails [email protected]; [email protected] àUniversidade Camilo Castelo Branco, Unicastelo, Caˆmpus Universita´rio, Estrada Projetada s ⁄ n, Fazenda Santa Rita, PO Box 121, Fernando´polis, Sa˜o Paulo 15600-000, Brazil; e-mail [email protected] §Universidade de Brası´lia, Faculdade UnB Planaltina, Brası´lia, Distrito Federal 73300-000, Brazil; e-mail [email protected] –Departamento Nacional de Produc¸a˜o Mineral, S.A.N. Q 01 Bloco B, Brası´lia, Distrito Federal 70041-903, Brazil **Palaeobiology and Biodiversity Research Group, Department of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Queens Road, Wills Memorial Building, Clifton, Bristol BS8 1RJ, UK; e-mails [email protected]; [email protected] Departamento de Paleontologia e Estratigrafia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Avenida Bento Gonc¸alves 9500, PO Box 15001, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 91501-970, Brazil Typescript received 3 December 2009; accepted in revised form 5 May 2010 Abstract: Compared with crocodylomorph body fossils, with the interstices forming an obtuse triangle. -
Italic Page Numbers Indicate Major References]
Index [Italic page numbers indicate major references] Abbott Formation, 411 379 Bear River Formation, 163 Abo Formation, 281, 282, 286, 302 seismicity, 22 Bear Springs Formation, 315 Absaroka Mountains, 111 Appalachian Orogen, 5, 9, 13, 28 Bearpaw cyclothem, 80 Absaroka sequence, 37, 44, 50, 186, Appalachian Plateau, 9, 427 Bearpaw Mountains, 111 191,233,251, 275, 377, 378, Appalachian Province, 28 Beartooth Mountains, 201, 203 383, 409 Appalachian Ridge, 427 Beartooth shelf, 92, 94 Absaroka thrust fault, 158, 159 Appalachian Shelf, 32 Beartooth uplift, 92, 110, 114 Acadian orogen, 403, 452 Appalachian Trough, 460 Beaver Creek thrust fault, 157 Adaville Formation, 164 Appalachian Valley, 427 Beaver Island, 366 Adirondack Mountains, 6, 433 Araby Formation, 435 Beaverhead Group, 101, 104 Admire Group, 325 Arapahoe Formation, 189 Bedford Shale, 376 Agate Creek fault, 123, 182 Arapien Shale, 71, 73, 74 Beekmantown Group, 440, 445 Alabama, 36, 427,471 Arbuckle anticline, 327, 329, 331 Belden Shale, 57, 123, 127 Alacran Mountain Formation, 283 Arbuckle Group, 186, 269 Bell Canyon Formation, 287 Alamosa Formation, 169, 170 Arbuckle Mountains, 309, 310, 312, Bell Creek oil field, Montana, 81 Alaska Bench Limestone, 93 328 Bell Ranch Formation, 72, 73 Alberta shelf, 92, 94 Arbuckle Uplift, 11, 37, 318, 324 Bell Shale, 375 Albion-Scioio oil field, Michigan, Archean rocks, 5, 49, 225 Belle Fourche River, 207 373 Archeolithoporella, 283 Belt Island complex, 97, 98 Albuquerque Basin, 111, 165, 167, Ardmore Basin, 11, 37, 307, 308, Belt Supergroup, 28, 53 168, 169 309, 317, 318, 326, 347 Bend Arch, 262, 275, 277, 290, 346, Algonquin Arch, 361 Arikaree Formation, 165, 190 347 Alibates Bed, 326 Arizona, 19, 43, 44, S3, 67. -
Chapter 2 Study Area
Chapter 2 Study area Keith Clarey Melissa Thompson 2-1 he Greater Green River Basin (GGRB) forest and alpine tundra on the higher mountains. includes the Green River Basin, the Great At lower elevations in the basin, the vegetation in- Divide Basin, and the Little Snake River cludes abundant sagebrush, saltbush, greasewood, TBasin (Figure 1-1). The project boundary is deter- and desert shrub. Forested areas contain lodgepole mined by the distal river drainage basin divides. pine, spruce, fir, and aspen. The drainage basin boundaries overlap several geo- logic features within the GGRB. The continental GEOLOGIC SETTING: STRUCTURE divide marks the northern and eastern boundaries The GGRB is bounded by the Overthrust Belt to of the GGRB; it bifurcates and reconverges around the west, the Hoback Basin to the northwest, the the Great Divide Basin (Figure 1-1). Figure 2-1 Wind River Range and Granite Mountains to the shows the townships and ranges in the GGRB. north, the Rawlins Uplift to the east, the Sierra Madre to the east-southeast, the southern Sand The Wyoming portion of the GGRB, as delineated Wash Basin in Colorado to the south-southeast, using GIS databases, has an area of 20,792 square and the Uinta Mountains in Utah to the south. miles (13,306,700 acres). The Wyoming GGRB Within the GGRB, the Rock Springs Uplift and covers 21.3 percent of the area of the state. The Bridger Basin are located in the Green River Basin adjacent 3,821 square miles (2,445,900 acres) of proper; the Wamsutter Arch separates the Great the Colorado and Utah GGRB added to the Wyo- Divide Basin from the Washakie Basin; and Chero- ming GGRB area gives a total basin area of 24,613 kee Ridge separates the Washakie Basin from the square miles (15,752,500 acres) (Figures 1-1 and Sand Wash Basin (Figure 2-2). -
Mineralogy of Eocene Fossil Wood from the “Blue Forest” Locality, Southwestern Wyoming, United States
Article Mineralogy of Eocene Fossil Wood from the “Blue Forest” Locality, Southwestern Wyoming, United States George E. Mustoe 1,*, Mike Viney 2 and Jim Mills 3 1 Geology Department, Western Washington University, Bellingham, WA 98225, USA 2 College of Natural Sciences Education and Outreach Center, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; [email protected] 3 Mills Geological, 4520 Coyote Creek Lane, Creston, CA 93432, USA; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 7 December 2018; Accepted: 7 January 2019; Published: 10 January 2019 Abstract: Central Wyoming, USA, was the site of ancient Lake Gosiute during the Early Eocene. Lake Gosiute was a large body of water surrounded by subtropical forest, the lake being part of a lacustrine complex that occupied the Green River Basin. Lake level rises episodically drowned the adjacent forests, causing standing trees and fallen branches to become growth sites for algae and cyanobacteria, which encased submerged wood with thick calcareous stromatolitic coatings. The subsequent regression resulted in a desiccation of the wood, causing volume reduction, radial fractures, and localized decay. The subsequent burial of the wood in silty sediment led to a silicification of the cellular tissue. Later, chalcedony was deposited in larger spaces, as well as in the interstitial areas of the calcareous coatings. The final stage of mineralization was the precipitation of crystalline calcite in spaces that had previously remained unmineralized. The result of this multi-stage mineralization is fossil wood with striking beauty and a complex geologic origin. Keywords: fossil wood; Blue Forest; Eden Valley; Lake Gosiute; chalcedony; quartz; calcite; stromatolite; Green River Basin; Wyoming 1. -
West, R.M. 1976. Paleontology and Geology of the Bridger Formation
~®oo~~millrn~~®rn~ ~rnrn~®~rn~~ @]oo~rnrnrn~rn~~ I Number 7 January 27, 1976 PALEONTOLOGY AND GEOLOGY \ i OF THE BRIDGER FORMATION, \ SOUTHERN GREEN RIVER BASIN, SOUTHWESTERN WYOMING PART 1. HISTORY OF FIELD WORK AND GEOLOGICAL SETTINgERALD R.NOONAJ( by Robert M. West Milwaukee Public Museum ~~[~illrnill~~ ~rnrn[~~ ~rn®~rn~ Milwaukee Public Museum Press Published by order of the Board of Trustees, Milwaukee Public Museum Accepted for publication November 13, 1975 REVIEW COMMITTEE FOR THIS PUBLICATION: Michael O. Woodburne, Department of Geological Sciences, University of California, Riverside, California; William A. Clemens, Department of Paleontology, University of Califor- nia, Berkeley, California. 1 (I Paleontology and Geology of the Bridger Formation, Southern Green River Basin, Southwestern Wyoming Part 1. History of Field Work and Geological Setting by Robert M. West Department of Geology Milwaukee Public Museum Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53233 and Department of Geological Sciences University of Wisconsin - Milwaukee Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53201 Abstract This paper is the first number in an irregular series which will discuss the results of a long-term paleontologic and biostratigraph- ic study of the middle Eocene Bridger Formation of southwestern Wyoming. The use of screen-washing has allowed the accumulation of large numbers of very small specimens from an area where larger and more complete fossils have been collected for over one hundred years. The new population samples should allow new insights into faunal structure, correlation and environmental interpretations. Introduction Investigation of middle Eocene vertebrate faunas from the Green River Basin (sensu Love, 1961) of southwestern Wyoming has been conducted by numerous institutions since the 1870's. Earlier work was devoted largely to surface collection and quarrying; the present investigation is devoted to the accumulation of population samples of smaller vertebrates as a complement to the older collections.