Method Evaluation of the Human Capital with Its
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ISSN 0798 1015 HOME Revista ESPACIOS ! ÍNDICES ! A LOS AUTORES ! Vol. 38 (Nº 40) Año 2017. Pág. 45 Method Evaluation of the Human Capital with its Innovational Potential Consideration and Perspectives of Regional Development: The Example of the Republic of Tatarstan and Volga Federal District Regions Evaluación del Método del Capital Humano con su Potencial Innovador Consideración y Perspectivas de Desarrollo Regional: El Ejemplo de la República de Tatarstán y las Regiones del Distrito Federal del Volga Irina Sergeevna DMITRIEVA 1; Rustam Ilfarovich SHARAFUTDINOV 2; Vladislav Olegovych GERASIMOV 3; Elvir Munirovich AKHMETSHIN 4; Sergey Vasilyevich PAVLOV 5 Recibido: 04/04/2017 • Aprobado: 12/04/2017 Content 1. Introduction 2. Methodology 3. Results 4. Conclusions Acknowledgments Bibliographic references ABSTRACT: RESUMO: Innovations and innovation activity become driving Las innovaciones y las actividades de innovación se forces for the development of all sectors of the convierten en motores del desarrollo de todos los economy, and the development of human capital in sectores de la economía y del desarrollo del capital particular. For this reason, in this work we offered a humano en particular. Por esta razón, en este trabajo methodological approach of an estimation of human ofrecemos un enfoque metodológico de una estimación capital in the case of the Republic of Tatarstan and the del capital humano en el caso de la República de Volga Federal District regions for the period from 2010 Tatarstán y el Distrito Federal del Volga para el período to 2015 with forecast to 2020. 2010-2015 con previsión hasta 2020. Keywords Innovative capacity of the region, human Palabras clave: Capacidad innovadora de la región, capital development, representative approach, prospects desarrollo del capital humano, enfoque representativo, of development of the region perspectivas de desarrollo de la región Introduction In recent years, more and more attempts in Russia to strengthen innovation processes undertakes, which should create the conditions for a new stage of development of the national economy (Cecina, 2013, p. 242). Often, standard and traditional methods of control factors of production, specifically human capital, begin to lose their potential and become more and more constraints that lead to a decrease in the efficiency of the use of modern innovative human capital programs (Gerasimov et. al., 2016, p. 202), (Varvarigos and Arsenis, 2015, p. 151). In this regard, as well as the increasingly dynamic processes in the economy, there is a need to develop new approaches in the control and the development of innovative human capital (Markova and Smirnova, 2013, p. 163). This is due to the fact that there are innovations and innovation activity become driving forces for the development of all sectors of the economy, and the development of human capital in particular (Korableva and Kalimullina, 2016). However, to improve the management of the innovative human capital development modern methods of evaluation are needed (Korableva and Kalimullina, 2014). Development and testing of a valid method for assessing human capital in view of its innovation potential will identify and analyze its condition in various regions of the country (Zubakov and Mustafin, 2015, p. 272), (Latyshev and Akhmetshin, 2015). In Russia, one of the most actively developing innovative regions the Republic of Tatarstan appears it is among the five most socio - economically developed regions of Russia during last several years (Ustyuzhna and Khusainova, 2013). Traditionally, Tatarstan has high educational, scientific, innovative and production potential. For this reason, testing methodology for assessing human capital of the regions in view of its innovation potential we chose Tatarstan. To determine the effect of human capital on the results of socio - economic achievements in the republic the analysis and the assessment of human capital has been held, including in the area of innovations in the Republic of Tatarstan and other subjects of the Volga Federal District (VFD). Calculations and analysis were carried out on the basis of data for the period 2010-2015 (Gorodnikova et al., 2015, p. 320). 1.1. Research Background The theoretical basis of the study were the results of fundamental scientific works of leading domestic and foreign scientists who have devoted their works on human capital such as: Baron A., Armstrong, M. (Baron and Armstrong, 2007), Davenport T. О., Schultz T. (Schultz, 1961), Ansoff I., Vikhansky O. S., Egorshin A. P., Karlof B., Lunev V. L., Kubenka M. (2014), Kralova V. (2013), Petrov A. P., Thompson A., Bondarenko, M. P., Shafran A. M., Mustafin A. N., Misharina, M. V. The methodological basis of the study is a systematic approach to the analysis of the considered factors. The study is based on extensive use of methods of analysis and synthesis, systematization and integration, factor and statistical analysis. The above methods are used in different combinations at different stages of the study (Nevretdinova, 2015, p. 552). In the study so-called representative approach, method of assessing the region's human capital was used as a base (Zabelina et al., 2013, p.55). As an empirical basis the database of the Federal service of state statistics and territorial bodies of the Volga Federal District, as well as materials of science seminars and scientific conferences are used. 2. Methodology In assessing of the development of human capital level of the Republic of Tatarstan with its innovative potential consideration as of elements of the regional human capital indicators the following indicators are proposed (Table 1) (Zubarevich, 2014, p. 9). Description and justification of the research methods used. Normally, the methods will be selected from known and proven examples. In special cases the development of a method may be a key part of the research, but then this will have been described in Introduction section and reviewed in first one. Table 1- The indicators to measure the region's human capital system Next, it is necessary to determine the indices of Education Capital Index (ECI), Index of labor capital (ILC), Health capital index (HCI), Index of sociocultural capital (ISCC), Index of innovation and intellectual capital (IIIC) for each territory. Integral (overall) index of the region's human capital (IIRHC) should be calculated based on them. In order to simplify the methodology for assessing the human capital, the relative importance of each individual and composite indices can be considered equal area formula 3-8. (Zabelina et al., 2013, p.56). Model We carry out an assessment of human capital for the Republic of Tatarstan, as for the parameters transfer it is necessary to compare all the regions of the Volga Federal District. As a result, it will be shown value figures for Tatarstan, calculated on the base of Rosstat data and transferred into the range of values from 0 to 1, with the help of the formulas – (1) и (2) (Table 2). Table 2 -Integrated performance of the evaluation of the Republic of Tatarstan human capital for the year 2010-2015 Indicator 2010 2011 2012 1 1 1 0,29 0,29 0,30 0,40 1 0,70 0,53 0,33 0,78 0,43 1 0,86 0,03 0 0,09 0,32 0,29 0,46 0,25 0,08 0,71 0,83 0,76 0,79 0,84 1 0,81 0,40 0,65 0,64 0,6 0,6 0,7 1 1 1 0,46 0,62 0,69 1 1 0,98 1 1 1 0,70 0,59 0,73 0,80 0,78 0,77 1 1 0,18 1 1 1 1 1 1 Indicator 2013 2014 2015 1 1 1 0,27 0,31 0,32 0,15 1 0,86 0,26 0,77 0,03 0,49 1 0,90 0,04 0,20 0,46 0,33 0,10 0,44 0,19 0,10 0,13 0,78 0,80 0,87 0,76 0,68 0,79 0,59 0,81 0,76 0,9 0,80 0,70 1 1 1 0,51 0,48 0,55 1 1 1 1 1 1 0,79 0,82 0,72 0,71 0,82 0,91 0,16 0,14 0,13 1 1 1 1 1 0.89 Thus, performed calculations show that the value of each index varies from 0 to 1. The closer index value to, the greater the level of development on a particular index in the given region (Gagarin, 2012, p. 11). We suppose that the influence of each parameter on human capital has equivalent effects. Final results form the overall index of human capital development in the region. In compare with 2010, all indexes show increase in their values and continue to show steady growth (Gapsalamov, 2013). Next, we need to calculate the following indexes: ECI, ILC, HCI, ISCC and IIIC, which are necessary to calculate the overall index of human capital development in the region: PPI (2010) = (1+ 0.20 + 0.40 + 1) / 4 = 0.67. Accordingly: 2011 = 0.54; 2012 = 0.68; 2013 = 0.61; 2014 = 0.59; 2015 = 0.70 we will calculate value of other parameters, in an analogous manner, with use of the following the formulas - (3-8) (Table 3). Table 3 - Human Capital Index of the Republic of Tatarstan for 2010-2015 year Indicators, by year The value of human capital indicators 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Educational capital index( ECI) 0,57 0,54 0,68 0,61 0,59 0,70 The index of labor capital (ILC) 0,66 0,75 0,74 0,73 0,76 0,77 Health Capital Index (HCI) 0,60 0,55 0,68 0,66 0,40 0,63 The index of sociocultural capital 0,65 0,69 0,79 0,75 0,53 0,51 (ISCC) Index of innovation and intellectual 0,60 0,66 0,54 0,49 0,53 0,52 capital (IIIC) The general index of the region's 0,62 0,63 0,68 0,64 0,56 0,62 human capital Thus, most of the indicators in the period from 2010 to 2015 show a steady growth, with the exception of the indices of sociocultural and innovation and intellectual capitals, what explains by the reduction in spending on education and social policies during a period of crisis (McGuirk et al., 2015, p.