TNA Report, July 2016
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TNA Report, July 2016 1 TNA Report, July 2016 Copyright © 2016 Office of Climate Change, Ministry of the Presidency, Guyana and UNEP-DTU. Reproduction of this publication for educational or other non-commercial purposes is authorised without prior written permission from the copyright holder, provided that the source is fully acknowledged. Reproduction of this publication for resale or other commercial purposes is prohibited without prior written permission of the copyright holder. 2 TNA Report, July 2016 Table of Contents Page Acronyms ................................................................................................................................................ 6 Glossary of Terms ................................................................................................................................... 8 Executive Summary .............................................................................................................................. 10 1.0 Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 16 1.1 About the TNA Project ................................................................................................................. 16 1.2 Existing National Policies on Climate Change Mitigation and Development Priorities ................... 17 1.2.1 Energy Policy ....................................................................................................................... 18 1.2.2 Power Sector Policy and Implementation Strategy ............................................................... 18 1.2.3 Transport Policy .................................................................................................................. 18 1.2.4 Forest Policy ........................................................................................................................ 19 1.3 Sector Selection ........................................................................................................................... 19 1.3.1 An overview of projected climate change impacts, and GHG emissions status and trends of the different sectors ..................................................................................................................... 19 1.3.2 Process and Results of Sector Selection ................................................................................ 20 1.4 Technology Selection ................................................................................................................... 21 1.4.1 Process and Results of the Technology Selection .................................................................. 21 2.0 Institutional Arrangement for the TNA and Stakeholder Involvement ........................................... 26 2.1 National TNA Team ...................................................................................................................... 26 2.1.1 National TNA Committee (NTC) ........................................................................................... 26 2.1.2 The National TNA Coordinator............................................................................................. 28 2.1.3 Sectoral Working Groups ..................................................................................................... 28 2.1.4 The Mitigation Consultant ................................................................................................... 29 2.2 Stakeholder Engagement Process followed in the TNA – Overall Assessment ............................... 29 3.0 Technology Prioritization for the Energy Sector .............................................................................. 31 3.1 Overview, GHG Emissions and Existing Technologies of the Energy Sector ................................... 31 3.2 Decision Context .......................................................................................................................... 35 3.3 Overview of possible mitigation technology options in the Energy Sector and their mitigation potential and other co-benefits. ........................................................................................................ 36 3.3.1 Renewable Energy ............................................................................................................... 36 3.3.1.1 Hydropower ................................................................................................................ 36 3.3.1.2 Solar Power ................................................................................................................. 37 3.3.1.3 Wind Power ................................................................................................................ 38 3.3.2 Waste to Energy .................................................................................................................. 38 3.3.2.1 Cogeneration .............................................................................................................. 38 3.3.2.2 Gasification ................................................................................................................. 38 3.3.2.3 Methane Recovery ...................................................................................................... 39 3.3.3 Grid Distribution Efficiency .................................................................................................. 40 3.3.3.1 Distribution Efficiency in the national power grid ........................................................ 40 3 TNA Report, July 2016 3.3.3.2 Smart grids .................................................................................................................. 40 3.3.4 Transport ............................................................................................................................ 41 3.3.4.1 Electric Vehicles .......................................................................................................... 41 3.4 Criteria and process of technology prioritisation for the Energy Sector ........................................ 41 3.5 Results of Technology Prioritization for the Energy Sector............................................................ 45 4.0 Technology Prioritization for the Forests Sector ............................................................................. 48 4.1 Overview, GHG Emissions and Existing Technologies of the Forests Sector ................................... 48 4.2 Decision Context .......................................................................................................................... 51 4.3 An Overview of possible mitigation technology options in the Forests Sector and their mitigation potential and other co-benefits ......................................................................................................... 51 4.3.1 Sustainable Forest Management ......................................................................................... 52 4.3.1.1 Forest Conservation .................................................................................................... 52 4.3.1.2 Sustainable Logging ..................................................................................................... 52 4.3.2 Improved Mining Practices & Forest Enhancement .............................................................. 53 4.3.2.1 Geological Surveys and Mineral Mapping .................................................................... 53 4.3.2.2 Efficient Recovery Systems .......................................................................................... 53 4.3.2.3 Reforestation .............................................................................................................. 53 4.4 Criteria and process of technology prioritisation for the Forests Sector ........................................ 54 4.5 Results of technology prioritisation for the Forests Sector ........................................................... 58 5.0 Summary and Conclusion ................................................................................................................ 60 List of References.................................................................................................................................. 62 Appendix 1: List of Members on the National TNA Committee ............................................................ 65 Appendix 2: Members of the Sectoral Working Groups ........................................................................ 66 Appendix 3: Technology Factsheets for the Energy Sector .................................................................... 68 Appendix 3a: Large hydropower plants (over 5MW) to support national energy demands ................. 68 Appendix 3b: Solar farms to service urban centers and supply the national grid ................................. 73 Appendix 3c: Standalone wind farms to service urban centers and supply the national grid ............... 78 Appendix 3d: Cogeneration of bagasse at GUYSUCO’s sugar estates .................................................. 82 Appendix 3e: Gasification of rice husk and wood waste for the production of electricity ................... 87 Appendix 3f: Methane Recovery from livestock and biomass residue ................................................ 91 Appendix 3g: Reduction of transmission & distribution losses and increase efficiency of GPL’s power system ..............................................................................................................................................