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Francis Bacon, Shakespeare & the Earl of Essex
Francis Bacon, Shakespeare & the Earl of Essex A historical sketch of Francis Bacon’s association with Robert Devereux, 2nd Earl of Essex, the Shakespeare Circle, the Essex Rebellion and Essex’s Trial. Author: Peter Dawkins Francis Bacon and his brother Anthony, sons of Sir Nicholas Bacon, Lord Keeper of the Great Seal, and his second wife, Lady Anne (née Cooke), had known Robert and Penelope Devereux from childhood, as they had once been neighbours, the Bacon family living in York House and the Devereux family living next door in Durham House. Also close to York House was Burghley House, home of Sir William Cecil, Lord Burghley, who was married to Lady Mildred (née Cooke), Lady Anne’s sister. From a young age, Francis and Anthony Bacon were often at Burghley House, and, in this way, they also came to know and befriend Philip and Mary Sidney, who were many times left in the care of the Cecils during Sir Henry Sidney’s absences in Ireland during the years 1565-1571. When Walter Devereux, 1st Earl of Essex, died on 22 September 1576, his son Robert, now the 2nd Earl of Essex, became a ward of Sir William Cecil, Lord Burghley, and soon after, in 1577, came to live at Burghley House amongst the Cecil household. That same year (1577) Mary Sidney married Henry Herbert, 2nd Earl of Pembroke, and in 1578 the widowed Lady Essex (Lettice Knollys) married the Queen's favourite, Robert Dudley, Earl of Leicester. Leicester was a major patron of poets, and it was at Leicester House that the English Areopagus of poets used to meet during the 1580s. -
1 John Hayward and His Life of Henry IV
INTRODUCTION / John Hayward and his Life of Henry IV Dr. John Hayward - civil servant, lawyer, historian and author of the texts presented here - complained to the Prince of Wales in 1612 that men might safely write of others in manner of a tale; but in manner of a history, safely they could not: because, albeit they should write of men long since dead, and whose posterity is clean worn out; yet some alive, finding themselves foul in those vices which they see observed, reproved, and condemned in others, their guiltiness maketh them apt to conceive, that, whatsoever the words are, the finger pointeth only at them.1 Hayward's cynicism was rooted in experience. That writing history could prove a thankless craft, even a dangerous one, he had learned first-hand. Thirteen years before, in 1599, the publication of his first historical work, The First Part of the Life and Raigne of King Henrie HII, had subjected him to frightening scrutiny by powerful officials, who suspected him of collusion with the Earl of Essex, to whom he had dedicated the book in excessively flattering terms. His book (fairly titled, for it covered only 'the first part' of Henry's career: the causes and highlights of his insurgency and the events of his first regnal year) was burned and suppressed. In 1600, after Essex's disgrace, Hayward was imprisoned in the Tower, where he remained during the earl's rebellion and the subsequent trials and executions. He was released only after the death of the queen, who in 1599 had herself accused him at least twice of sedition. -
William Empson and Roma Gill
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE William Empson and Roma Gill 深山 美樹 1.はじめに ジャック・デリダ( Jacques Derrida) よりもウィリアム・エンプソン( William Empson, 1906-84) を 高 く 評 価 す る ク リ ス ト フ ァ ー・ ノ リ ス( Christopher Norris)の“Some Versions of Rhetoric ; Empson and de Man”から、マシュー・ ベヴィス(Matthew Bevis) の Some Versions of Empson( 2007) が近年出版され たが、これに先立って出版されているローマ・ジル( Roma Gill, 1934-2001) 編集の William Empson: The Man and His Work( 1974) は今日においてもとて も興味深い。W.H. オーデン(W.H.Auden)、 M.C. ブラッドブルック(M.C. Bradbook)、 福原燐太郎、グレアム・ハフ( Graham Hough)、 I.A. リチャーズ (Ivor Armstrong Richards)、L.C. ナイツ( L.C. Knights)、 ジョン・ウエィン (John Wain)、クリストファー・リックス( Christopher Ricks) らのエンプソ ンの友人たちが彼の定年退職を記念して彼にまつわるエッセイを集めたも のである。ジルは ‘Preface’ で本書出版の趣旨を次のように述べている。 When I first approached some of William Empson’s friends in search of papers for this volume, I asked them to write about the man himself, or his work, or the subjects that interested him. I hoped thereby to achieve some sort of coherence for the series of essays, and also to give some impression of the man, the poet, and the critic who has been such a powerful influence in the twentieth century. ・・・The paper presented here range from the biographical to the academic ; but what every one suggests is the impossibility of separating the man from his work and the ‘life’ from the‘thought’―even on a ski-ing holiday. −57− ここでジルは寄稿者たちへの謝辞と本の収益金をエンプソン基金( Empson Prize) へ寄贈する旨を記すに留まって、自身のエンプソン論を掲載してい ないのは残念である。しかし、著名な寄稿者たちの原稿をまとめあげたジ ルの手腕は高く評価されてよいであろう。ジョン・ハッフェンデン( John Haffenden) は Selected Letters of William Empson(2006) の巻末においてジル の手紙を載せている。ここからエンプソンとジルの間には師弟関係以上の強 い絆があるのではないかと推測される。 2.Sheffield University. -
William Shakespeare“, Britannica Concise Encyclopaedia
iambic pentameter verse 1 “William Shakespeare“, Britannica Concise Encyclopaedia, www.search.eb.com/eb/article?tocId=9109536 120424 Bibliotheca Alexandrina Updated by Basma Elmassry, Mahmoud Keshk, & Salma Hamza 1 William Shakespeare (1564 - 1616) Biography1 William Shakespeare, a British poet and playwright, is often considered the greatest writer in world literature. William Shakespeare was baptized April 26, 1564, in Stratford- upon-Avon, Warwickshire. He received at most a grammar- school education, and at age 18 he married a local woman, Anne Hathaway. By 1594 he was apparently a rising playwright in London and an actor in a leading theatre company, the "Lord Chamberlain's Men" (later "King's Men"); the company performed at the Globe Theatre from 1599. Shakespeare retired to Stratford before 1610 and lived as a country gentleman until his death. His earliest plays seem to date from the late 1580s to the mid-1590s and include history plays based on the lives of the English kings, comedies, and the tragedy Romeo and Juliet. The plays apparently written between 1596 and 1600 are mostly comedies. Approximately between 1600 and 1607 he wrote the great tragedies Hamlet, Othello, Macbeth, and King Lear, which mark the summit of his art. Among his later works are the fantastical romances The Winter's Tale and The Tempest. Shakespeare's plays, all of them written largely in iambic pentameter verse, are marked by extraordinary poetry; vivid, subtle, and complex characterizations; and a highly inventive use of English. His 154 sonnets, apparently written mostly in the 1590s, often express strong feeling within an exquisitely controlled form. -
Life of Sir Francis Bacon
The Life of Sir Francis Bacon A brief historical sketch of the life of the poet, philosopher, statesman and lord chancellor, Sir Francis Bacon, Baron Verulam of Verulam, Viscount St Alban. Author: Peter Dawkins Birth, Upbringing and Education Francis Bacon was born at York House, Charing Cross, London, on 22 January 1561. He was baptised at St Martin-in-the-Fields on 25 January 1561 as second son of Sir Nicholas and Lady Ann Bacon. His father was Lord Keeper of the Great Seal of England and his mother was one of the most highly educated and accomplished women of her time, second daughter of the great scholar and humanist, Sir Anthony Cooke, and sister of Sir Anthony’s eldest daughter, Mildred, wife of Sir William Cecil, Principal Secretary of State, who later became Lord Burghley (1571) and the Queen’s Lord High Treasurer (1572). Both Sir Nicholas and Sir William, besides holding the highest political offices under Queen Elizabeth, were patrons and active promoters of the arts and sciences. The two families, the Cecils and the Bacons, maintained close contact with each other and often visited each other’s homes. As a child Francis showed more than unusual promise and attracted the attention of Queen Elizabeth, who liked to call him her “young Lord Keeper”. Together with his brother Anthony, he was given a privileged private education by the best teachers of the time, which took place mainly at York House, the Lord Keeper's London residence—a thriving hub of State business that adjoined York Place, the Queen's Palace of Whitehall, or in the vacations at Sir Nicholas’ country home of Gorhambury, St Albans, with visits to Theobalds House, Sir William Cecil’s nearby country estate, and Gidea Hall, the country home of Sir Anthony Cook, Francis’ learnèd grandfather and principal tutor.1 Francis also had regular access to Cecil House, the London mansion of his uncle, which operated as a school for young noblemen who included, at one time or another, the Earls of Oxford, Surrey, Rutland, Southampton and Essex, plus Fulke Greville and Sir Philip Sidney. -
Shakespeare's <I>Richard II</I> and <I>Henry V</I> and Political
University of Connecticut OpenCommons@UConn Honors Scholar Theses Honors Scholar Program Spring 5-9-2010 Shakespeare's Richard II and Henry V and Political Rebellions in the Reign of Queen Elizabeth I Sarah J. Scannell University of Connecticut - Storrs, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://opencommons.uconn.edu/srhonors_theses Part of the Literature in English, British Isles Commons Recommended Citation Scannell, Sarah J., "Shakespeare's Richard II and Henry V and Political Rebellions in the Reign of Queen Elizabeth I" (2010). Honors Scholar Theses. 138. https://opencommons.uconn.edu/srhonors_theses/138 Shakespeare’s Richard II and Henry V and Political Rebellions in the Reign of Queen Elizabeth I Sarah Scannell April 30, 2010 University of Connecticut (Storrs) Advisors: Professors Elizabeth Hart and Jonathan Hufstader Scannell 1 I. Introduction Although she was beloved by her subjects during her reign, Queen Elizabeth I was not immune to attacks and conspiracies against her rule. There were a number of treasonous plots to usurp her, but perhaps the two most memorable incidents involved the attempts by Mary, Queen of Scots and the failed coup by the Second Earl of Essex, Robert Devereux. These two events left a strong impression on the queen as well as her subjects, and they inevitably made their way into the literature of the time. William Shakespeare, a well-educated and well-connected playwright, often used contemporary events or popular sentiments in his plays – sometimes for comedic effect or sometimes to create a critical commentary on the government or the country. His plays Richard II and Henry V are especially good examples of such uses. -
Front Matter
Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-01625-5 - Christopher Marlowe in Context Edited by Emily C. Bartels and Emma Smith Frontmatter More information CHRISTOPHER MARLOWE IN CONTEXT A contemporary of William Shakespeare and Ben Jonson , Christopher Marlowe was one of the most infl uential early modern dramatists, whose life and mysterious death have long been the sub- ject of critical and popular speculation. Th is collection sets Marlowe’s plays and poems in their historical context, exploring his world and his wider cultural infl uence. Chapters by leading international schol- ars discuss both his major and lesser-known works. Divided into three sections, ‘Marlowe’s works’, ‘Marlowe’s world’, and ‘Reception’, the book ranges from Marlowe’s relationship with his own audience through to adaptations of his plays for modern cinema. Other con- texts for Marlowe include history and politics, religion, and science. Discussions of Marlowe’s critics and Marlowe’s appeal today, in per- formance, literature, and biography, show how and why his works continue to resonate; and a comprehensive further reading list pro- vides helpful suggestions for those who want to fi nd out more. emily c. bartels is Professor of English at Rutgers University and Director of the Bread Loaf School of English, Middlebury College. She is author of Spectacles of Strangeness: Imperialism, Alienation, and Marlowe (1993), which won the Roma Gill Prize for Best Work on Christopher Marlowe, 1993–94, and Speaking of the Moor: From Alcazar to Othello (2008). She has edited Critical Essays on Christopher Marlowe (1997) and published essays on early modern drama, race, gender, and survivorship. -
CURRICULUM VITAE GORDON Mcmurry BRADEN 1190 Hunter's Ridge Road Earlysville, VA 22936 (434) 973-2635 [email protected] Under
CURRICULUM VITAE GORDON McMURRY BRADEN 1190 Hunter’s Ridge Road Earlysville, VA 22936 (434) 973-2635 [email protected] Undergraduate, Rice University, 1965-69; BA summa cum laude, 1969 Graduate student in Classics, University of Texas at Austin, 1969-71 Graduate student in English, Yale University, 1971-75; PhD 1975 Assistant Professor of English, University of Virginia, 1975-81 Associate Professor, 1981-86 Professor, 1986-96 John C. Coleman Professor of English, 1996-2001 Linden Kent Memorial Professor of English, 2001-14 Emeritus Professor, 2014- Visiting Professor of Literature, California Institute of Technology, January- June 1991 Director of Graduate Studies, Department of English,1986-89 Associate Chair, 1992-95 Chair, 1997-2000, 2004-06 Theron Rockwell Field Prize (Yale), 1976 NEH Summer Stipend, 1977 NEH Fellowship for Independent Research, 1980 James Holly Hanford Award (Milton Society of America; with William Kerrigan), 1986 Roland H. Bainton Book Prize (Sixteenth Century Studies Conference; with William Kerrigan), 1990 Beta of Virginia Phi Beta Kappa Book Award, 2001 BOOKS: The Classics and English Renaissance Poetry: Three Case Studies, Yale Studies in English, vol. 187 (Yale University Press, 1978) Renaissance Tragedy and the Senecan Tradition: Anger’s Privilege (Yale University Press, 1985) The Idea of the Renaissance (with William Kerrigan; Johns Hopkins University Press, 1989; corrected paperback, 1991) Petrarchan Love and the Continental Renaissance (Yale University Press, 1999) Sixteenth-Century Poetry: An Annotated Anthology (Blackwell, 2005) The Oxford History of Literary Translation in English: 1550-1660 (co-ed. with Robert Cummings and Stuart Gillespie; Oxford, 2010) Petrarch’s English Laurels, 1475-1700: A Compendium of Printed References and Allusions (with Jackson Campbell Boswell; Ashgate, 2012) RECENT ARTICLES: “Ovid and Shakespeare,” in A Companion to Ovid, ed. -
Men Born in Britain Are Britons": the Development of Britishness During the Long Sixteenth Century, 1502-1615
Georgia State University ScholarWorks @ Georgia State University History Theses Department of History Spring 5-9-2015 "All Men Born in Britain Are Britons": The Development of Britishness During the Long Sixteenth Century, 1502-1615 Zachary Bates Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.gsu.edu/history_theses Recommended Citation Bates, Zachary, ""All Men Born in Britain Are Britons": The Development of Britishness During the Long Sixteenth Century, 1502-1615." Thesis, Georgia State University, 2015. https://scholarworks.gsu.edu/history_theses/91 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Department of History at ScholarWorks @ Georgia State University. It has been accepted for inclusion in History Theses by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks @ Georgia State University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. “ALL MEN BORN IN BRITAIN ARE BRITONS”: THE DEVELOPMENT OF BRITISHNESS DURING THE LONG SIXTEENTH CENTURY, 1502-1615 by Zachary Bates Under the direction of Jacob Selwood, PhD ABSTRACT The sixteenth and early-seventeenth centuries saw the development of a British identity that was contingent upon a shared dynasty through intermarriage and the composite monarchy of James VI and I, religious developments that led to both Scotland and England breaking with the Roman Catholic Church, and especially England’s overseas colonial empire. Using sources representative of the nascent print culture, the Calendar of State Papers , the Letters and Papers of Henry VIII , and Journals from the House of Commons, this project argues that contrary to prior historical analysis of Britain, empire, and English imperialism that British identity in the sixteenth century became a collaborative process which included both Scots and English. -
Marlowe's Books
Marlowe’s Books: Reading, Writing, and Early Modern Drama Christine Edwards Bachelor of Arts (Honours) A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at The University of Queensland in 2018 School of Communication and Arts Abstract In our enthusiasm to depict Christopher Marlowe as an iconoclast—who challenged restrictive sexual, religious, and political norms—we have perhaps neglected the Marlowe who read. Unlike his direct contemporary William Shakespeare, Marlowe undertook a university education, completing both a Bachelor and Masters degree. At Cambridge, Marlowe would have built upon the rhetorical training of his grammar school and been rigorously trained in the principles of debating on either side of contentious topics. It is generally understood that around this time he put his extensive classical training to use when he translated Ovid and Lucan, and wrote the classically- inspired play Dido, Queen of Carthage. As I argue in this thesis, taking greater account of Marlowe’s bookish influences is not to reimagine him as somehow more conservative in his views, but rather to underline that his subversive writings are at times inspired by, and consumed with, books. His relation to books was not one of respectful emulation. He questioned the authority of the works he read, juxtaposing them with competing and opposing texts—a pattern that emerges in all four plays I discuss. It is my contention that we find a slightly different version of Marlowe when we consider how he read: a man who was interested in pursuing “merely” intellectual concerns, like the versioning of the Dido myth or the omissions of the historical chronicles. -
Introduction Alexandra Gajda and Paul Cavill
Chapter 1 - Introduction Alexandra Gajda and Paul Cavill he Speaker of the House of Commons had a difficult brief when he Taddressed James VI and I and the House of Lords at the prorogation of the new king’s first parliament on 7 July 1604. After a tetchy session, Sir Edward Phelips attempted to re-establish the rapport between the monarch and the Commons. Faced with this tricky assignment, Phelips began his speech with an unobjectionable platitude: HISTORY, most high and mighty Sovereign, is truly approved to be the Treasure of Times past, the Light of Truth, the Memory of Life, the Guide and Image of Man’s present Estate, Pattern of Things to come, and the true Work-mistress of Experience, the Mother of Knowledge; for therein, as in a Crystal, there is not only presented unto our Views the Virtue, but the Vices; the Perfections, but the Defects; the Good, but the Evil; the Lives, but the Death, of all precedent Governors and Government, which held the Reins of this Imperial Regiment.1 The king and most of Phelips’s audience doubtless recognised that he was quoting Cicero’s praise of history.2 By then extolling the settled laws of kingdoms, Phelips encouraged James to respect the time-hallowed political arrangements of his new southern realm. England, he stated, ‘hath ever been managed with One Idea, or Form of Government’, a happy blend of princely, senatorial and magisterial virtues. Yet the session had demonstrated that history, far from illuminating truth, rather served or even exacerbated disa- greements over the Union of the Crowns and over the king’s ancient preroga- tive rights of purveyance and wardship. -
Copyright by Matthew Bran Davies
Copyright by Matthew Bran Davies The Dissertation Committee for Matthew Bran Davies certifies that this is the approved version of the following dissertation: The 2nd Earl of Essex and the History Players: the Factional Writing of John Hayward, William Shakespeare, Samuel Daniel, and George Chapman. Committee: ____________________________________ Frank Whigham, Supervisor ____________________________________ James Loehlin ____________________________________ J.K. Barret ____________________________________ Alan Friedman ____________________________________ Brian Levack The 2nd Earl of Essex and the History Players: the Factional Writing of John Hayward, William Shakespeare, Samuel Daniel, and George Chapman By Matthew Bran Davies, B.A.; M.A. Dissertation Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of The University of Texas at Austin in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy The University of Texas at Austin December 2012 To my mother, For her impeccable timing The 2nd Earl of Essex and the History Players: the Factional Writing of John Hayward, William Shakespeare, Samuel Daniel, and George Chapman Matthew Bran Davies, Ph.D. The University of Texas at Austin, 2012 Supervisor: Frank Whigham Robert Devereux, 2nd Earl of Essex, Queen Elizabeth’s last favorite and the last man she executed for treason, has been harshly treated by posterity. Given his leading role at court in what Patrick Collinson calls the “nasty nineties,” Essex has taken much of the blame for the divisive factional politics of Elizabeth’s final decade. However, leading recent efforts to salvage Essex’s reputation, historian Paul Hammer has uncovered a sophisticated bureaucracy operated by highly educated scholars and led by an intelligent, cultivated statesman. A considerable number of high-profile literary figures, moreover, willingly engaged with this ambitiously expanding Essex faction.