Ar. Siddharth S. Jadon, International Journal of Research in Engineering, IT and Social Sciences, ISSN 2250-0588, Impact Factor

Ar. Siddharth S. Jadon, International Journal of Research in Engineering, IT and Social Sciences, ISSN 2250-0588, Impact Factor: 6.565, Volume 09 Issue 03, March 2019, Page 89-91 Analysing Tourist Carrying Capacity of Lakhera Gali for promoting Tourism: Old Gwalior

Ar. Siddharth S. Jadon (Asso.Professor, Amity University, Maharajpura Dang, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India) Abstract: India is a country known for its cultural, religious, spiritual and historic value. The heritage categories divided into two categories i.e tangible and intangible. The built heritage sites which are spreading all over the country are of both natures. To develop such sites ministry of tourism are focusing to promote the new tourism sites which have the potential to showcase the living tradition. So the feasibility will be check for carrying capacity of the tourist and proposed the tourist amenities on such sites. The sites which are promoted for tourist places should be checked for the carrying capacity, so the locals and structure should not be harmed and a cap can be suggested over such sites. In this study, a case of Gwalior street is taken for a pilot study. Keywords: Carrying Capacity, Gwalior, Lakhera Gali, Heritage

I. INTRODUCTION Gwalior, a major urban settlement of the state of Madhya Pradesh. It is a prominent historical city, which lies in Madhya Pradesh state. The City of old Gwalior covers an area of 2.5 sq.km. The Gwalior fort is situated in the centre of the city. The city today encompasses three distinct old settlements of Old Gwalior (6th century onwards), Lashkar (18th century onwards) and Morar (19th century onwards) with its origin traced to the 5th century. The hill fort was established under the regional rulers and at its foothills developed the oldest settlement of Gwalior. Apart Gwalior has immense significance as a heritage site, it was the important political and trading centre which was ruled by Rajputs, Mughals, Britisher’s and Scindia’s majorly. The Gwalior’s old settlement is flourished between the fort and the river, which also acts as a natural barrier and protects the town. The surroundings of the fort were first flourished under the Rajput and Mughal rule which also influenced cultural activities and is also present today. The old Gwalior is influenced by the Mughal pattern of settlement with narrow streets which opens at Jama Masjid and its market. Other than the historic urban landscape of the city is been segregated by Katras, Mohallas, Mandi, Ganj & Gali’s which are basically old settlement pattern. The major transformation is been seen around 18th C onwards under the influence of Scindia’s and Britisher’s. In terms of historical and cultural value, the core settlement of Old Gwalior is having vernacular houses of various typologies, streets and markets which played a major role for enhancing the old Gwalior.

Figure 1 Surrounding of Lakhera Gali: Old Gwalior,Source :Author http://indusedu.org Page 89

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License Ar. Siddharth S. Jadon, International Journal of Research in Engineering, IT and Social Sciences, ISSN 2250-0588, Impact Factor: 6.565, Volume 09 Issue 03, March 2019, Page 89-91

The urban structure of the city has a dense residential neighbourhood with some of the oldest heritage structures, open drains and a distinct street pattern. The old city contains Jama Masjid, Baba Kapoor Dargah, Hathiyan pour, Jahangir Katra, Lakhera Gali, Raja Ki Mandi Etc. which are influenced by Islamic architecture, among all Lakhera Gali has a character of an old street which is the living heritage and the community belong to lakshakar who made lakh bangles are settled here. As it is understood that unlike other sites, the tangible and associated value of the Lakhera Gali surrounding is more important than the intangible. The Lakhera Gali being unique in its own way, promoting the tangible heritage and also associated with intangible faith that in every house they worship Sayeed Baba as it is near the Jama Masjid and the site belonged to the Mughals earlier, so that the intangibles are not being over showed by the tangibility of architecture and form but as a positive balance is formed between the two respecting both living religious practices as well as the Structures and it needs for preservation. As a major religious centre, the Jama Masjid attracts a large number of devotees during Id and Ramjan, Urs etc. Lakhera Gali surrounding: • Halwat Khana- Mughal Gazak market • Sarafa Bazar- Gold jewellery shops • Ghas Mandi- Market • Chota Bazar- Sweet shops • Chowk Bazar- Market • Ganj- Market

Figure 2: Sense of Enclosure at Lakhera Gali Street,Old Gwalior The vision for Lakhera Gali also needs the strategies to balance the future visitors and the carrying capacity to the site in order to ensure that the sanctity of the place should maintain.The below study is based on the author’s observation and data collected collected from the local inhabitants.The days which are selected from Saturday to Sunday in the month of december.The survey is not carrying on the festive session ,so the difference can be in the data. Carrying Capacity proposed for the Lakhera Gali • The strategies should propose with respect to the carrying capacity of the Site in order to sustenance the community. Physical Carrying Capacity First and foremost, the surroundings of Lakhera Gali is also a site for religious and transportation node and hence the serenity of the complex needs to be balanced with the number of devotees. Therefore the carrying capacity is a primary issue which is affecting the site and needs to be addressed. While larger gatherings and crowds are expected during religious festivals and ceremonies, there is also needs to be an optimal benchmark established so as to ensure that the religious sanctity and ambience of the Jama Masjid’s surrounding and Lakhera Gali safety should not be compromised. Population, Gazetteer published =16807 Street Length =183 M Street Width =1.8 M Number of Houses =83 Total Occupancy in street=585 people approx. Time is taken to cross the street= 5 min Users= Residents, People from nearby Neighborhood. The number of footfall at Lakhera Gali Actual carrying capacity=Person X Hr =12X1=12 =12X24=288 per Day (Max.) =288X365=105120 person per year. Calculating feasible carrying capacity of Lakhera Gali Street =Area, 330 Sq m (Street length and width) =Per person covers an area of =6 Sqm =Then, 330/ 6=55 approx. http://indusedu.org Page 90

So in Lakhera Gali, 55 people can walk comfortably in 5 min. =60 X10 Hrs =600 min =600/5=120 =120X 55=6600 person can visit in a day But, ideally, 30 % should be allowed, which will not affect the environment. 6600X30/100=1980 per day should be allowed Here it is necessary to mention that earlier this Gali is not designed to carrying such capacity but due to today’s demand and value of the space, it is necessary to calculate the carrying capacity for such a heritage site so that it would not destroy much. The conclusion is that it can carry 55 people in 5 min and in a day it can carry up to 1980 person more than that will makes the environment overcrowded. Individual house carrying capacity The common plot size of Lakhera Gali houses is 3mX 12m, which are having 3, 4 rooms and a small open space. The structures of the house are built from stone and are load bearing. The stone slab which is used of size 2m x 1.8 m. the sandstone slab of 500mm thick can take a point load of 500 kg normally. So, 500/70(ideally human weight) =Stone Slab can take a minimum of 7 people at a time. Note: Physical carrying capacity may affect during Ramjan, Id, Baba Kapoor Urs. Individual house carrying capacity Tourism Carrying Capacity Lakhera Gali surrounding has an entrance gate to Gwalior fort. The foreign tourist who visited Gwalior fort among only 3% visit old town. The habitat in Lakhera Gali 45 % is either adult or teens. The male generally went to the workplace and children’s went to schools or colleges from 8 am -5 pm. So ideally this time is best to visit Lakhera Gali. The street is narrow so the climate is also favourable to roam around, but by walk, vehicles are not fit and it will also create noise and pollution which will affect the physiological health of the tourist too. So, if the physical carrying capacity of a tourist attraction is determined by a maximum number of visitors there at one point in time, the balance can be maintained by physically limiting the number of visitors at a time. Which means the time should be limit between afternoons to evening. Environment Carrying Capacity The sense of enclosure is about 2:1, 3:2 with a narrow street, the houses have a 30%-50% fenestration in a wall which gives a comic view impact to the street. The environment is calm and cool. Street can’t take a vehicular load. Social Carrying Capacity There is a lot of modification in many buildings but the dhajji (otla) can be seen in all the houses which are used for sitting, but in earlier times it may be used for selling lac bangles. The street has two hand pumps which are maintaining the interaction. All the houses are attached to the interaction is been through the openings or either by balconies and terraces. There are still few families which are involved in selling and making Lac Bangles. The courtyards are not effectively used.

II. CONCLUSION The tourist site should select and developed by checking the criteria on physical carrying capacity,individual structure carrying capacity,tourim carrying capacity,environmental carrying capacity,social carryig capacity.The tourist sites should be devloped in a sensitive way that it should not harm the structure as well as the inhabitants of that area and also the local should be beniffited .The policies should be proposed so that the opportunity for the further development and cap on tourist can be proposed.

III. REFERENCES [1] Getz, D. (1983) ‘Capacity to absorb tourism: Concepts and implications for strategic planning’ in Annals [2] Singh, S. (2006) ‘What’s Wrong With Carrying Capacity For Tourism?’ in Tourism Recreation [3] Singh,S.(2006),What’s wrong with carrying capacity for Tourismin tourism recreation Research. [4] Adams,R.M,(1965),Line behind Baghdad:A history of settlement on the Diyala Plain,chicago press. [5] Singh,S.(1999)studies in tourim:Key issues for effective managemnet,A.P.H publishing corporation,New Delhi. [6] District Gazetter: Gazetteer:caption Luard,C.E,and assisteted by Pandit Dwarka Nath sheopuri, Gwalior state gazetteer,Calcutta superindent government printing,India

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