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Florezpaicristianfausto2016.Pdf LINEAMIENTOS PARA LA PRIORIZACIÓN DE ÁREAS DE IMPORTANCIA PARA LA CONSERVACIÓN EN EL SUROCCIDENTE DE COLOMBIA CON BASE EN GRUPOS BIOTICOS AMENAZADOS, AVES Y PLANTAS Pontificia Universidad JAVERIANA ----------------B o g o tá ----------------- Biol. CRISTIAN FLÓREZ-PAÍ PONTIFICIA UNIVERSIDAD JAVERIANA FACULTAD DE ESTUDIOS AMBIENTALES Y RURALES BOGOTÁ, D.C. 2016 LINEAMIENTOS PARA LA PRIORIZACIÓN DE ÁREAS DE IMPORTANCIA PARA LA CONSERVACIÓN EN EL SUROCCIDENTE DE COLOMBIA CON BASE EN GRUPOS BIOTICOS AMENAZADOS, AVES Y PLANTAS CRISTIAN FLÓREZ-PAÍ Proyecto de grado para optar por el título de Magíster en Gestión Ambiental M.Sc. MTT ETDY BETANCOURTH-CUNDAR Directora del Proyecto de Grado PhD. LILIA ROA FUENTES Evaluadora del Proyecto de Grado PONTIFICIA UNIVERSIDAD JAVERIANA FACULTAD DE ESTUDIOS AMBIENTALES Y RURALES BOGOTÁ, D.C. 2016 2 (Carta de Aceptación del Proyecto de grado) 3 Nota de Advertencia: Artículo 23 de la Resolución N° 13 de Julio de 1946 “La Universidad no se hace responsable por los conceptos emitidos por sus alumnos en sus trabajos de proyecto de grado. Sólo velará porque no se publique nada contrario al dogma y a la moral católica y porque las proyecto de grado no contengan ataques personales contra persona alguna, antes bien se vea en ellas el anhelo de buscar la verdad y la justicia” 4 Tabla de Contenido Índice de Figuras.........................................................................................................................6 1. Introducción.......................................................................................................................... 8 2. Planteamiento del Problema..............................................................................................11 3. Justificación......................................................................................................................... 12 4. Objetivos...............................................................................................................................14 4.1. Objetivo general.............................................................................................................14 4.2. Objetivos específicos.................................................................................................... 14 5. Metodología......................................................................................................................... 15 5.1. Área de estudio............................................................................................................. 15 5.2. Identificación de especies amenazadas..........................................................................16 5.3. Determinación de los rangos de distribución de las especies bioindicadoras amenazadas...............................................................................................................................16 5.4. Elaboración de mapas con áreas de importancia para la conservación con base en las especies de interés.....................................................................................................................17 6. Hipótesis...............................................................................................................................18 7. Resultados............................................................................................................................ 19 7.1. Identificación de especies amenazadas aves y plantas dentro de la SCRG...................19 7.1.1. Aves.................................................................................................................... 19 7.1.2. Plantas................................................................................................................. 20 7.2. Rango de distribución de las especies amenazadas dentro de la SCRG.......................22 7.3. Lineamientos para identificación de áreas de importancia para la conservación de las especies amenazadas, aves y plantas en la SCRG....................................................................26 7.4. Propuesta de lineamientos para la priorización de áreas de importancia para la conservación en el suroccidente de Colombia con base en grupos bióticos amenazados, aves y plantas....................................................................................................................................... 30 8. Discusión.............................................................................................................................. 35 9. Conclusiones........................................................................................................................39 10. Recomendaciones............................................................................................................40 11. Lite ratura C itada................................................................................................................. 41 ANEXOS A. Análisis de las Especies de Aves Amenazadas resumidas en fichas..................... 47 ANEXO B. Análisis de las Especies de Plantas Amenazadas resumidas en fichas.......................83 5 Índice de Fisuras Figura 1. Ubicación de la Subcuenca del Río Güíza (A. Ubicación a nivel nacional. B. Ubicación en el departamento de Nariño y la cuenca del Rio Mira y Mataje (Línea Roja). C. Ubicación de la SCRG (Línea verde) y los municipios que comprende esta cuenca. Fuente: Este estudio...... 15 Figura 2. Porcentaje de Especies de Aves Catalogadas en las categorías de la UICN. (LC: Preocupación Menor, NT: Casi Amenazado, VU: Vulnerable, EN: En Peligro, CR: Críticamente Amenazado). Fuente: Esta investigación...................................................................................... 20 Figura 3. Porcentaje de Especies de Plantas Catalogadas en Categoría de la UICN (LC: Preocupación Menor, NT: Casi Amenazado, VU: Vulnerable, EN: En Peligro, CR: Críticamente Amenazado). Fuente esta investigación........................................................................................ 21 Figura 4. Área de ocupación de las especies de aves y plantas amenazadas en la SCRG expresada en porcentajes. Fuente: Esta Investigación...................................................................22 Figura 5. Ficha modelo para las especies de aves amenazadas en la SCRG. Fuente: Esta Investigación.................................................................................................................................24 Figura 6. Ficha modelo para las especies de plantas amenazadas en la SCRG. Fuente: Esta Investigación..................................................................................................................................25 Figura 7. Mapa de área de mayor concentración de especies amenazadas de aves en la SCRG. En tonalidad verde se representa el área de mayor concentración de aves, con un rango que va de los 450msnma los 800msnm abarca un área de 362km2. Fuente: Esta Investigación.......................27 Figura 8. Mapa de área de mayor concentración de especies amenazadas de plantas en la SCRG. En tonalidad amarilla se representa el área de mayor concentración de plantas, con en un rango que va de los 250msnm hasta los 500msnm y abarca un área de 251km2. Fuente: Esta Investigación................................................................................................................................28 Figura 9. Mapa de área de mayor concentración de especies amenazadas de plantas y aves en la SCRG. En tonalidad verde se representa el área de mayor concentración de plantas y aves, con un área que abarca 562Km2 que va desde los 250 msnm hasta los 800msnm Fuente: Esta Investigación................................................................................................................................29 Figura 10. Lineamientos para la priorización de áreas de importancia para la conservación con base en grupos bióticos amenazados, aves y plantas................................................................... 34 6 Índice de Tablas Tabla 1. Especies de aves amenazadas registradas en la SCRG bajo dos criterios de la UICN y rango de distribución dentro de la subcuenca. Fuente: Esta investigación....... 19 Tabla 2. Especies de plantas leñosas amenazadas registradas en la SRG bajo criterios de la UICN. Fuente: Esta Investigación.......................................................................................21 7 1. Introducción Las áreas protegidas según la Unión Internacional para la Conservación de la Naturaleza (UICN) son: “Un espacio geográfico claramente definido, reconocido, dedicado y gestionado, mediante medios legales u otros tipos de medios eficaces para conseguir la conservación a largo plazo de la naturaleza, de sus servicios ecosistémicos y sus valores culturales asociados” (Dudley, 2008) . Son consideradas un capital natural incalculable, vital para la conservación de especies y la diversidad genética, el mantenimiento de los servicios ecosistémicos y la utilización sostenible de los recursos (FAO, OAPN, REDPARQUES), ofreciendo alternativas de turismo, recreación y facilitando la generación de medidas de adaptación para hacer frente al cambio climático (Secretaría del Convenio sobre la Diversidad Biológica, 2004; Morales, 2007). En este sentido, Colombia mediante el decreto 2372 de 2010 pone en marcha el Sistema Nacional de Áreas Protegidas (SINAP), mediante el cual diferentes actores sociales e institucionales articulan iniciativas de conservación, utilización sostenible y restauración del paisaje terrestre y marino,
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