DOCSLIB.ORG

Influence of Historical and Human Factors on Genetic

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Influence of Historical and Human Factors on Genetic bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.04.06.027219; this version posted April 7, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. 1 Influence of historical and human factors on genetic structure and diversity 2 patterns in peripheral populations: implications for the conservation of Moroccan 3 trout 4 Perea S1*, Al Amouri M2, Gonzalez EG1, Alcaraz L1, Yahyaoui A2, Doadrio I1 5 1Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology Department, Museo Nacional de Ciencias 6 Naturales, CSIC. Madrid, Spain. 7 2Laboratory of Biodiversity, Ecology and Genome, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V 8 University. Rabat. Rabat. Morocco. 9 *Correspondence: Silvia Perea. Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology Department, 10 Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, CSIC, José Gutiérrez Abascal, 2. 28006 Madrid. 11 Spain. E-mail: [email protected] 1 1 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.04.06.027219; this version posted April 7, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. 12 Abstract 13 1.The brown trout s.l. has been the focus of numerous phylogeographic and conservation 14 studies due to its socioeconomic importance, its marked genetic and phenotypic 15 differentiation and its broad distribution range. Especially interesting evolutionary patterns are 16 observed for populations occupying peripheral areas of a distribution range, such as in the 17 case of the highly isolated trout populations in Morocco. 18 2.Continuous stocking programs may conceal natural genetic patterns, making it challenging 19 to discern evolutionary patterns. In Morocco, trout stocking programs have been implemented 20 to increase the genetic diversity of native populations by pooling fish of different origins in 21 the Ras el Ma hatchery (Azrou region) and then stocking them in the different basins. In this 22 study, phylogenetic and phylogeographic patterns, as well as genetic structure and diversity, 23 of Moroccan trout populations were analyzed to evaluate the impact of continuous fish 24 stocking on evolutionary processes in order to better distinguish between natural and human- 25 mediated patterns. 26 3.Two mitochondrial and nine microsatellite markers were analyzed for all populations along 27 the entire distribution range of brown trout in Morocco. Phylogenetic and phylogeographic 28 analyses rendered two highly divergent evolutionary lineages, one comprising populations in 29 the Drâa Basin and a second grouping the remaining Moroccan populations. Divergence of 30 the Drâa lineage occurred during the Upper Pliocene, whilst differentiation within the second 31 lineage coincided with the onset of the Pleistocene. 32 4.Genetic structuring among populations was evident. Nevertheless, populations exhibiting 33 higher levels of genetic diversity were those affected by human-mediated processes, making it 34 difficult to associate this diversity with natural processes. In fact, highly geographically 35 isolated, not stocked populations showed the lowest values of genetic diversity. Although 36 stocking management may increase the genetic diversity of these populations, it could also 37 lead to the loss of local adaptive genotypes. Hence, current trout conservation programs 38 should be revised. 39 Keywords: biodiversity, conservation evaluation, fish, genetics, rivers, streams 40 2 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.04.06.027219; this version posted April 7, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. 41 1. Introduction 42 Biodiversity loss in freshwater systems is occurring at a faster rate than in terrestrial 43 environments (Dudgeon et al., 2006; Strayer & Dudgeon, 2010). Exploitation of water 44 resources, habitat alterations, mainly due to water extraction for agriculture, hydraulic 45 infrastructure construction and urban water use, along with the introduction of exotic species, 46 is exacerbating this loss of freshwater biodiversity (Dudgeon et al., 2006). In the 47 Mediterranean region, climate models predict an increase in temperature and a decrease in 48 precipitation that will decrease the availability of water resources and intensify the effects of 49 increasing human pressure upon freshwater ecosystems (García-Ruiz, López-Moreno, Vicente 50 Serraron, Lasanta-Martínez & Beguería, 2011; Guiot & Cramer, 2016). Populations located in 51 the periphery of the species distribution ranges would be especially vulnerable to these global 52 warming effects, especially in the southern periphery, that could increase the extinction risk of 53 these populations (Gibson, van der Marel & Starzomski, 2009). Within this context, 54 freshwater fish faunas are considered useful indicators of trends in aquatic ecosystems due to 55 their intrinsic characteristics such as being at the top of food webs or their long longevity and 56 high mobility (Li, Zheng & Liu, 2010; Estevez et al., 2017). Some groups are especially good 57 indicators of water quality due to their specific ecological and habitat requirements. For 58 example, salmonids (e.g. trout, salmon and char) have very restricted ecological requirements 59 such as cold, clean and well-oxygenated waters and, therefore, are highly sensitive to habitat 60 change (Almodovar, Nicola, Ayllon & Elvira, 2012; Merrian, Fernandez, Petty & Zegre, 61 2017; Young et al., 2018). 62 Within salmonids, the brown trout is distributed widely across Europe, North Africa 63 and western Asia. Morocco constitutes the southwestern limit of the brown trout distribution 64 range and suitable habitats for these organisms in this region are found at higher altitudes than 65 in the northern latitudes. Consequently, these southern peripheral Moroccan trout populations 66 have a fragmented distribution and are mainly located in headwaters of high-altitude rivers, in 67 most cases only in the sources of these rivers, and in oligotrophic lakes in the Atlas 68 Mountains. Some populations are also found at lower altitudes in the Mediterranean slope of 69 the Rifian region but only in areas characterized by steep slopes with fast currents and 70 oxygenated waters (Pellegrin, 1924). Peripheral populations of widely distributed species, as 71 Moroccan trout, are expected not only to be more geographically isolated, showing a strong 72 population structure but also to have smaller effective population sizes and lower genetic 3 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.04.06.027219; this version posted April 7, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. 73 diversity (see Eckert, Samis & Lougheed, 2008 for a review of genetic diversity in peripheral 74 populations). For these reasons, knowing the genetic structure and diversity of Moroccan trout 75 populations is vital in order to evaluate the conservation status of these populations and to 76 design appropriate conservation strategies according to the needs and characteristics of 77 organisms from the peripheral areas of distribution ranges; Siler, Oaks, Cobb, Ota & Brown, 78 2014; Thorton et al., 2017). 79 For these conservation strategies, parameters such as genetic structure and diversity of 80 populations, or demographic trends, are critical to design accurate plans. The patterns of 81 genetic structure and diversity of populations are influenced by both historical and human- 82 mediated contemporary factors that determine changes in population size and gene flow 83 (Vucetich & Waite, 2003; Muhfeld et al., 2017), and that, ultimately, have driven the current 84 genetic patterns found in Moroccan trout. Therefore, to understand how the genetic structure, 85 diversity and demography of Moroccan trout populations have been shaped along its 86 evolutionary history, it is essential to consider on the one side the complex geomorphological 87 landscape of the High Atlas Mountains with its rivers flowing between steep canyons and the 88 climatic events that cause drastic floods in Morocco, that is a result of high tectonic activity 89 occurred during the Neogene and Quaternary eras (Michard, Frizon de Lamotte, Saddiqi & 90 Chalouan, 2008; Babault, Van den Driessche & Texeill, 2012; El Fels, Alaa, Bachnou & 91 Rachidi, 2018), and on the other side contemporary factors related to human activity in this 92 country. This complex geological history of Morocco has generated its highly diverse 93 mountains and river basins, and their highly isolated streams. Therefore, a high level of 94 genetic structure is expected in Moroccan trout since the formation of these freshwater 95 ecosystems. 96 Contemporary factors related to human activity are increasingly crucial to understand 97 current genetic structure and diversity of Moroccan trout populations. Aquatic resources are 98 being damaged worldwide due to increased infrastructure construction and overexploitation of 99 these resources for
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Spawning Behaviour and the Softmouth Trout Dilemma
    Arch. Pol. Fish. (2014) 22: 159-165 DOI 10.2478/aopf-2014-0016 RESEARCH ARTICLE Spawning behaviour and the softmouth trout dilemma Manu Esteve, Deborah Ann McLennan, John Andrew Zablocki, Gašper Pustovrh, Ignacio Doadrio Received – 05 November 2013/Accepted – 26 February 2014. Published online: 30 June 2014; ©Inland Fisheries Institute in Olsztyn, Poland Citation: Esteve M., McLennan D.A., Zablocki J.A., Pustovrh G., Doadrio I. 2014 – Spawning behaviour and the softmouth trout dilemma – Arch. Pol. Fish. 22: 159-165. Abstract. Morphological, ecological and molecular data sets nest digging behaviour-widespread in all the salmonines, do not completely agree on the phylogenetic placement of the including softmouths, they seem to be mal-adaptive. softmouth trout, Salmo (Salmothymus) obtusirostris (Heckel). Molecules posit that softmouths are closely related to brown Keywords: phylogeny, spawning behavior, underwater trout, Salmo trutta L. while some morphological, ecological video and life history traits place them in the most basal position of the Salmoninae subfamily between grayling (Thymallus) and lenok (Brachymystax). Here we add an additional source of data, behavioural characters based on the first reported Introduction observations of softmouth spawning. During spawning softmouth females present three important behaviours not The softmouth trout, also known as the Adriatic found in the other Salmo members: they continually abandon trout, Salmo (Salmothymus) obtusirostris (Heckel), is their nests, rarely staying on them for periods over nine a cold freshwater salmonid found naturally in only minutes; they expel different batches of eggs at the same nest five river drainages of the Adriatic Sea: the Vrljika, at intervals of several minutes; and they do not cover their eggs immediately after spawning.
    [Show full text]
  • Baseline Assessment of the Lake Ohrid Region - Albania
    TOWARDS STRENGTHENED GOVERNANCE OF THE SHARED TRANSBOUNDARY NATURAL AND CULTURAL HERITAGE OF THE LAKE OHRID REGION Baseline Assessment of the Lake Ohrid region - Albania IUCN – ICOMOS joint draft report January 2016 Contents ........................................................................................................................................................................... i A. Executive Summary ................................................................................................................................... 1 B. The study area ........................................................................................................................................... 5 B.1 The physical environment ............................................................................................................. 5 B.2 The biotic environment ................................................................................................................. 7 B.3 Cultural Settings ............................................................................................................................ 0 C. Heritage values and resources/ attributes ................................................................................................ 6 C.1 Natural heritage values and resources ......................................................................................... 6 C.2 Cultural heritage values and resources....................................................................................... 12 D.
    [Show full text]
  • A Comment on “Morphologic and Genetic Characterization of Corsican and Sardinian Trout with Comments on Salmo Taxonomy” by Delling Et Al
    Knowl. Manag. Aquat. Ecosyst. 2021, 422, 6 Knowledge & © G.P.J. Denys, Published by EDP Sciences 2021 Management of Aquatic https://doi.org/10.1051/kmae/2021006 Ecosystems Journal fully supported by Office www.kmae-journal.org français de la biodiversité OPINION PAPER A comment on “Morphologic and genetic characterization of Corsican and Sardinian trout with comments on Salmo taxonomy” by Delling et al. (2020): protected Tyrrhenian trouts must be named Gaël P.J. Denys1,2,* 1 Unité Mixte de Service Patrimoine Naturel – Centre d’expertise et de données (UMS 2006 OFB – CNRS – MNHN), Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, 36 rue Geoffroy-Saint-Hilaire CP 41, Paris 75005, France 2 Laboratoire de Biologie des organismes et écosystèmes aquatiques (UMR BOREA 8067), MNHN, CNRS, IRD, SU, UCN, UA, 57 rue Cuvier CP26, Paris 75005, France Received: 24 November 2020 / Accepted: 2 February 2021 Abstract – The introduction of the use of molecular data has caused debates on the taxonomy of Corsican and Sardinian trouts, also referred to as Tyrrhenian trouts (i.e. Salmo trutta, Salmo macrostigma, Salmo cettii). A recent study by Delling et al. (2020) (Morphologic and genetic characterization of Corsican and Sardinian trout with comments on Salmo taxonomy. Knowl Manage Aquat Ecosyst 421: 21) introduces important evidence regarding the taxonomy of these populations. However, their subsequent denomination as Salmo sp., that is, an undefined taxon, could have serious consequences on their future conservation management plans. Considering their threatened status, the Tyrrhenian trouts should be referred to as Salmo trutta until the ongoing taxonomic uncertainty can be unambiguously resolved. These populations must then be treated as an Evolutionary Significant Unit (ESU) or as an Operational Conservation Unit (OCU) for further conservation managements plans, as already done for other Mediterranean trout lineages.
    [Show full text]
  • Genetika 2006
    GENETIKA 2006 September, 28th – October, 1st, 2006 Biološko središče, Večna pot 111, Ljubljana 4th Congress of Slovenian Genetic Society and 2nd Meeting of The Slovenian Society of Human Genetics with International Participation IV. Kongres Slovenskega genetskega društva in II. srečanje Slovenskega društva za humano genetiko z mednarodno udeležbo Genetika 2006 4th Congress of Slovenian Genetic Society and 2nd meeting of The Slovenian Society of Human Genetics with inter- national participation / IV. Kongres Slovenskega genetskega društva in II. srečanje Slovenskega društva za humano genetiko, z mednarodno udeležbo Edited by / Uredili: Metka Filipič in Irena Zajc Editorial Board / Uredniški odbor: Branka Javornik, Metka Filipič, Gregor Anderluh, Milena Kovač, Peter Dovč, Irena Mlinarič Raščan, Damjan Glavač, Uroš Potočnik, Nadja Kokalj Vokač, Darja Žgur Bertok, Metka Ravnik Glavač Design & Layout / Oblikovanje & Prelom: Jure Filipič Printed by / Tisk: Birotisk d.o.o., Ljubljana Number of copies / Naklada 250 Published by / Izdal: Slovensko Genetsko Društvo, Ljubljana, September 2006 The contents and language of the abstracts is responsibility of the authors. / Za vsebino in jezik povzetkov odgovarjajo avtorji. CIP - Kataložni zapis o publikaciji Narodna in univerzitetna knjižnica, Ljubljana 575(063) SLOVENSKO genetsko društvo. Kongres (4 ; 2006 ; Ljubljana) Book of abstract = Knjiga povzetkov / 4th Congress of Slovenian Genetic Society and 2nd Meeting of the Slovenian Society of Human Genetics with International Participation = IV. kongres Slovenskega genetskega društva in II. srečanje Slovenskega društva za humano genetiko, z mednarodno udeležbo ; [edited by Metka Filipič in Irena Zajc]. - Ljubljana : Slovensko genetsko društvo, 2006 ISBN-10 961-90534-4-3 ISBN-13 978-961-90534-4-7 1. Filipič, Metka, 1954- 2.
    [Show full text]
  • Patterns of Evolution in Gobies (Teleostei: Gobiidae): a Multi-Scale Phylogenetic Investigation
    PATTERNS OF EVOLUTION IN GOBIES (TELEOSTEI: GOBIIDAE): A MULTI-SCALE PHYLOGENETIC INVESTIGATION A Dissertation by LUKE MICHAEL TORNABENE BS, Hofstra University, 2007 MS, Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi, 2010 Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in MARINE BIOLOGY Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi Corpus Christi, Texas December 2014 © Luke Michael Tornabene All Rights Reserved December 2014 PATTERNS OF EVOLUTION IN GOBIES (TELEOSTEI: GOBIIDAE): A MULTI-SCALE PHYLOGENETIC INVESTIGATION A Dissertation by LUKE MICHAEL TORNABENE This dissertation meets the standards for scope and quality of Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi and is hereby approved. Frank L. Pezold, PhD Chris Bird, PhD Chair Committee Member Kevin W. Conway, PhD James D. Hogan, PhD Committee Member Committee Member Lea-Der Chen, PhD Graduate Faculty Representative December 2014 ABSTRACT The family of fishes commonly known as gobies (Teleostei: Gobiidae) is one of the most diverse lineages of vertebrates in the world. With more than 1700 species of gobies spread among more than 200 genera, gobies are the most species-rich family of marine fishes. Gobies can be found in nearly every aquatic habitat on earth, and are often the most diverse and numerically abundant fishes in tropical and subtropical habitats, especially coral reefs. Their remarkable taxonomic, morphological and ecological diversity make them an ideal model group for studying the processes driving taxonomic and phenotypic diversification in aquatic vertebrates. Unfortunately the phylogenetic relationships of many groups of gobies are poorly resolved, obscuring our understanding of the evolution of their ecological diversity. This dissertation is a multi-scale phylogenetic study that aims to clarify phylogenetic relationships across the Gobiidae and demonstrate the utility of this family for studies of macroevolution and speciation at multiple evolutionary timescales.
    [Show full text]
  • Salmo Australzs, a New Species of Fossil Salmonid from Southwestern Mexico
    CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE MUSEUM OF PALEONTOLOGY THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN VOL. 26, NO. 1, p. 1-17 (1 1 text-figs.) December 21, 1982 SALMO AUSTRALZS, A NEW SPECIES OF FOSSIL SALMONID FROM SOUTHWESTERN MEXICO BY TED M. CAVENDER AND ROBERT RUSH MILLER MUSEUM OF PALEONTOLOGY THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN ANN ARBOR CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE MUSEUM OF PALEONTOLOGY Philip D. Gingerich, Director Gerald R. Smith, Editor This series of contributions from the Museum of Paleontology is a medium for the publication of papers based chiefly upon the collection in the Museum. When the number of pages issued is sufficient to make a volume, a title page and a table of contents will be sent to libraries on the mailing list, and to individuals upon request. A list of the separate papers may also be obtained. Correspondence should be directed to the Museum of Paleontology, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109. VOLS. 11-XXVI. Parts of volumes may be obtained if available. Price lists available upon inquiry. SALMO AUSTRALIS, A NEW SPECIES OF FOSSIL SALMONID FROM SOUTHWESTERN MEXICO BY TED M. CAVENDER1 AND ROBERT RUSH MILLER2 Abstract.-A new species of salmonid fish is described from an unconsolidated sand deposit close to the present shoreline of Lake Chapala at Ajijic, Jalisco, Mexico. Because of the superficial nature of the deposit the age of the fossil is believed to be Pleistocene. Additional salmonid remains from the lake bottom at Ajijic are associated with Pleistocene mammalian fossils. Osteological details of the fossil cranium indicate the new species is related to Western North American representatives of the genus Salmo.
    [Show full text]
  • Resistance and Resilience of Murray-Darling Basin Fishes to Drought Disturbance
    Resistance and Resilience of Murray- Darling Basin Fishes to Drought Disturbance Dale McNeil1, Susan Gehrig1 and Clayton Sharpe2 SARDI Publication No. F2009/000406-1 SARDI Research Report Series No. 602 SARDI Aquatic Sciences PO Box 120 Henley Beach SA 5022 April 2013 Final Report to the Murray-Darling Basin Authority - Native Fish Strategy Project MD/1086 “Ecosystem Resilience and the Role of Refugia for Native Fish Communities & Populations” McNeil et. al. 2013 Drought and Native Fish Resilience Resistance and Resilience of Murray- Darling Basin Fishes to Drought Disturbance Final Report to the Murray-Darling Basin Authority - Native Fish Strategy Project MD/1086 “Ecosystem Resilience and the Role of Refugia for Native Fish Communities & Populations” Dale McNeil1, Susan Gehrig1 and Clayton Sharpe2 SARDI Publication No. F2009/000406-1 SARDI Research Report Series No. 602 April 2013 Page | ii McNeil et. al. 2013 Drought and Native Fish Resilience This Publication may be cited as: McNeil, D. G., Gehrig, S. L. and Sharpe, C. P. (2013). Resistance and Resilience of Murray-Darling Basin Fishes to Drought Disturbance. Final Report to the Murray-Darling Basin Authority - Native Fish Strategy Project MD/1086 ―Ecosystem Resilience and the Role of Refugia for Native Fish Communities & Populations‖. South Australian Research and Development Institute (Aquatic Sciences), Adelaide. SARDI Publication No. F2009/000406-1. SARDI Research Report Series No. 602. 143pp. Front Cover Images – Lake Brewster in the Lower Lachlan River catchment, Murray-Darling Basin during extended period of zero inflows, 2007. Murray cod (Maccullochella peelii peelii), olive perchlet (Ambassis agassizii) and golden perch (Macquaria ambigua) from the, lower Lachlan River near Lake Brewster, 2007 (all images - Dale McNeil).
    [Show full text]
  • Systematic Taxonomy and Biogeography of Widespread
    Systematics and Biogeography of Three Widespread Australian Freshwater Fish Species. by Bernadette Mary Bostock B.Sc. (Hons) Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Deakin University February 2014 i ABSTRACT The variation within populations of three widespread and little studied Australian freshwater fish species was investigated using molecular genetic techniques. The three species that form the focus of this study are Leiopotherapon unicolor, Nematalosa erebi and Neosilurus hyrtlii, commonly recognised as the three most widespread Australian freshwater fish species, all are found in most of the major Australian drainage basins with habitats ranging from clear running water to near stagnant pools. This combination of a wide distribution and tolerance of a wide range of ecological conditions means that these species are ideally suited for use in investigating phylogenetic structure within and amongst Australian drainage basins. Furthermore, the combination of increasing aridity of the Australian continent and its diverse freshwater habitats is likely to promote population differentiation within freshwater species through the restriction of dispersal opportunities and localised adaptation. A combination of allozyme and mtDNA sequence data were employed to test the null hypothesis that Leiopotherapon unicolor represents a single widespread species. Conventional approaches to the delineation and identification of species and populations using allozyme data and a lineage-based approach using mitochondrial 16S rRNA sequences were employed. Apart from addressing the specific question of cryptic speciation versus high colonisation potential in widespread inland fishes, the unique status of L. unicolor as both Australia’s most widespread inland fish and most common desert fish also makes this a useful species to test the generality of current biogeographic hypotheses relating to the regionalisation of the Australian freshwater fish fauna.
    [Show full text]
  • Anthropogenic Influence and Conservation Status of Autochthonous Fish Fauna from Lake Ohrid
    Anthropogenic Influence and Conservation Status of Autochthonous Fish Fauna from Lake Ohrid Trajce Talevski, Hydrobiological Institute, Naum Ohridski, 50, 6000 Ohrid, R.Macedonia, email: [email protected] Dragana Milosevic, Department of biology, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, University of Montenegro, Podgorica. Montenegro email: [email protected] Aleksandra Talevska, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Institute for biology, University St. Kiril and Metodij, Skopje, R.Macedonia email: [email protected] Abstract Lake Ohrid is transboundary lake between R.Macedonia and R.Albania. It is the deepest lake of the Balkan, with a maximum depth of 297 and a mean depth of 155 m. Lake Ohrid is special as such, by far the most spectacular quality is its impressive endemism from cyprinid and salmonid fish. This paper is result of long-term researches of ichthyofauna from Lake Ohrid. The materials for researches were collected by day and nighttime’s experimental fishing with various fishing gill net. Conservation status of autochthonous fish fauna from Lake Ohrid was determinate according to IUCN (2001) and Kotellat and Freyhof (2007). Key words: anthropogenic influence, autochthonous fish fauna, conservation status, Lake Ohrid Intoduction IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (also known as the IUCN Red List or Red Data List), founded in 1948, is the world's most comprehensive inventory of the global conservation status of plant and animal species. The International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) is the world's main authority on the conservation status of species. The IUCN Red List is set upon precise criteria to evaluate the extinction risk of thousands of species and subspecies.
    [Show full text]
  • LIFE-IP-4-NATURA-Salmo-Species
    LIFE-IP 4 NATURA (LIFE16 IPE/GR/000002) Ολοκληρωμένες δράσεις για τη διατήρηση και διαχείριση των περιοχών του δικτύου Natura 2000, των ειδών, των οικοτόπων και των οικοσυστημάτων στην Ελλάδα Eθνικό Σχέδιο Δράσης για τα αυτόχθονα είδη πέστροφας (Salmo farioides, Salmo lourosensis, Salmo macedonicus, Salmo pelagonicus, Salmo peristericus) Παραδοτέο Δράσης A.1 Υπουργείο Περιβάλλοντος και Ενέργειας Νοέμβριος 2019 Με τη συγχρηματοδότηση του Προγράμματος LIFE της Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης Με τη συγχρηματοδότηση του Πράσινου Ταμείου Σχέδιο εξώφυλλου: Ενδημική «άγρια» πέστροφα των Πρεσπών Dr Sarah Faulwetter Έκδοση Ημερομηνία Σημειώσεις - τροποποιήσεις 1 Σεπτέμβριος 2019 Αρχική έκδοση 2 Δεκέμβριος 2019 Ενσωμάτωση σχολίων τοπικής διαβούλευσης Προτεινόμενη βιβλιογραφική αναφορά: Σπάλα Κ. (2019). LIFE-IP 4 NATURA: Ολοκληρωμένες δράσεις για την διατήρηση και διαχείριση των περιοχών του δικτύου Natura 2000, των ειδών, των οικοτόπων και των οικοσυστημάτων στην Ελλάδα. Παραδοτέο Δράσης Α.1: Eθνικό Σχέδιο Δράσης για τα αυτόχθονα είδη πέστροφας (Salmo farioides, Salmo lourosensis, Salmo macedonicus, Salmo pelagonicus, Salmo peristericus). Υπουργείο Περιβάλλοντος και Ενέργειας. Αθήνα, 91 σελ. + IV Παραρτήματα. Suggested citation: Spala Κ. (2019). LIFE-IP 4 NATURA: Integrated actions for the conservation and management of Natura 2000 sites, species, habitats and ecosystems in Greece. Deliverable Action Α.1: National Action Plan for Greek native Salmo species (Salmo farioides, Salmo lourosensis, Salmo macedonicus, Salmo pelagonicus, Salmo peristericus). Ministry
    [Show full text]
  • GAMBUSIA CONTROL in SPRING WETLANDS Final Report, October 2009
    Government of South Australia South Australian Arid Lands Natural Resources Management Board October 2009 South Australian Arid Lands Natural Resources Management Board Gambusia control in spring wetlands Adam Kerezsy GAMBUSIA CONTROL IN SPRING WETLANDS Final report, October 2009 Adam Kerezsy Aquatic Ecologist, Bush Heritage Australia DISCLAIMER The South Australian Arid Lands Natural Resources Management Board, and its employees do not warrant or make any representation regarding the use, or results of use of the information contained herein as to its correctness, accuracy, reliability, currency or otherwise. The South Australian Arid Lands Natural Resources Management Board and its employees expressly disclaim all liability or responsibility to any person using the information or advice. © South Australian Arid Lands Natural Resources Management Board 2009 This work is copyright. Apart from any use permitted under the Copyright Act 1968 (Commonwealth), no part may be reproduced by any process without prior written permission obtained from the South Australian Arid Lands Natural Resources Management Board. Requests and enquiries concerning reproduction and rights should be directed to the General Manager, South Australian Arid Lands Natural Resources Management Board Railway Station Building, PO Box 2227, Port Augusta, SA, 5700 Table of Contents Background ................................................................................................................ 3 The current distribution of alien and native fish species at Edgbaston
    [Show full text]
  • DNA Barcodes De Peixes Marinhos Da Europa: Compilação De Uma Biblioteca De Referência Validada E Investigação De Padrões De Divergência Genética
    Universidade do Minho Escola de Ciências Luís Manuel Coelho Oliveira Luís Manuel Coelho Oliveira UMinho | 2015 Outubro de 2015 Luís Manuel Coelho Oliveira DNA barcodes de peixes marinhos da Europa: compilação de uma biblioteca de referência validada e investigação de padrões de divergência genética Dissertação de Mestrado Mestrado em Ecologia Trabalho efetuado sob a orientação do Professor Doutor Filipe José Oliveira Costa E sob a coorientação do Professor Doutor Pedro Soares Outubro de 2015 DECLARAÇÃO Nome: Luís Manuel Coelho Oliveira Endereço eletrónico: [email protected] Telefone: 918823832 Cartão do Cidadão: 13858442 Título da dissertação: DNA barcodes de peixes marinhos da Europa: compilação de uma biblioteca de referência validada e investigação de padrões de divergência genética Orientador: Professor Doutor Filipe José Oliveira Costa Coorientador: Professor Doutor Pedro Soares Ano de conclusão: 2015 Designação do Mestrado: Mestrado em Ecologia DE ACORDO COM A LEGISLAÇÃO EM VIGOR, NÃO É PERMITIDA A REPRODUÇÃO DE QUALQUER PARTE DESTA DISSERTAÇÃO Universidade do Minho, _____/_____/_________ Assinatura: ____________________________________________________ ii AGRADECIMENTOS Um agradecimento em particular ao orientar, Doutot Filipe Costa, pela oportunidade de me deixar fazer um trabalho nesta área que me despertou interesse desde cedo no mestrado. Agradeço também pela paciência, até ao último minuto e pela disponibilidade e apoio que foi transmitindo ao longo deste trabalho. Ao meu coorientado, Doutor Pedro Soares por ajudar com aquilo que tinha mais dificuldades e me sentia perdido e por ter apoiado as decisões tomadas neste trabalho. À Doutora Monica Landi, sempre disponível para ajudar, mesmo quando não lhe era possível. Um especial agradecimento ao Jorge Lobo e à Cláudia Hollatz, pelo companheirismo no laboratório e acima de tudo pela ajuda que prestaram, mesmo não estando envolvidos no trabalho.
    [Show full text]