DOCSLIB.ORG

Cover 2001 Number 1.Indd

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Cover 2001 Number 1.Indd C ALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY engineeringE& andS science Volume LXIV, Number 1, IN THIS ISSUE An ice-cold snowflake A lukewarm universe A long, hot summer? Peering through the dust that enshrouds our galaxy, the Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS) provides a clearer view of the center of the Milky Way than ever before seen. The actual center in this mosaic of more than a million stars is the bright reddish spot near the upper left. An article describing more of what this survey saw at near-infrared wavelengths begins on page 20. 2 ENGINEERING & SCIENCE NO . X engineering& and science C a l i f o r n i a Institute of Technology Volume LXIV, Number 1, 2001 E S 2 Random Walk 10 Morphogenesis on Ice: The Physics of Snow Crystals — by Kenneth G. Libbrecht There’s more to snowflakes than meets the eye. 20 A Billion Points of Heat — by Jane Dietrich Cool stars and hidden galaxies emerge from the dust in a highly accurate, near-infrared sky survey. 28 Economic Policy in the Information Age — by Simon J. Wilkie The California power crisis shows what can happen when you apply 19th-century economic principles to a 21st-century economy. Reviews — QED, Oxygen, Ahead of the Curve On the cover: Small snow 37 crystals, each about one Obituaries: Jeffrey Scot Banks millimeter in diameter, 40 grow on the ends of thin Faculty File ice needles in Ken 42 Libbrecht’s lab. For more on how an infinite variety of shapes can come from a very simple molecule, see Engineering & Science (ISSN 0013-7812) is published Ted Jenkins the story on page 10. quarterly at the California Institute of Technology, 1200 President of the Alumni Association East California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125. Annual J. Ernest Nunnally subscription $10.00 domestic, $20.00 foreign air mail; Vice President for Institute Relations single copies $3.00. Send subscriptions to Caltech 1-71, Robert L. O’Rourke Pasadena, CA 91125. Third class postage paid at Pasade- Associate Vice President for Institute Relations na, CA. All rights reserved. Reproduction of material con- STAFF: Editor — Jane Dietrich tained herein forbidden without authorization. © 2001, Managing Editor — Douglas Smith California Institute of Technology. Published by Caltech Writer/Editor — Barbara Ellis and the Alumni Association. Telephone: 626-395-3630. Contributing Writers — Robert Tindol, Mark Wheeler PICTURE CREDITS: Cover, 10, 14–19 — Ken Libbrecht; inside Copy Editors — Emily Adelsohn, front cover, 20–27 — 2MASS; 2 — Robert Tindol; 4, 11 — Mark Michael Farquhar, Elena Rudnev Garcia; 4, 7, 10–11, 12, 14–16 — Doug Cummings; 6 — Bob Business Manager — Debbie Bradbury — Susan Lee Paz; 7 — Mika Nyström; 8 — Nathan Litke; 9 — Erik Winfree; Circulation Manager Photographer — Robert Paz 28, 34–35 — Edison International; 30, 31 — Doug Smith; 37 — Graphic Artist — Douglas Cummings Craig Schwartz; 38 — Ken Jacques; 40–41 —Shannon Banks; 43 — Joe Umbro; inside back cover — Margaret DePrima Visit Caltech on the Web at http://www.caltech.edu Random Walk F LY L IKE AN E GYPTIAN When you think about building the Egyptian pyramids, you probably have a mental image of thousands of slaves laboriously rolling massive stone blocks with logs and levers. But as one Caltech professor is demon- strating, the task may have been accomplished by just Although blustery winds added some excitement—the chief flyer, kite- four or five guys who flew the surfing instructor Eric May (middle of picture, dark shorts), got lifted off stones into place with a kite. the ground on the first attempt—the obelisk went upright in just 25 On June 23, Professor of Aeronautics Morteza (Mory) seconds on the second try. Graff (plaid shirt) handles a control line. The Gharib (PhD ’83) and his obelisk was provided by Daniel Correa (center, foreground) of Incablock, team raised a 6,900-pound, which makes concrete blocks. 15-foot reinforced-concrete obelisk into a vertical position in the desert near Palmdale, using nothing more than a kite, a pulley C ALIFORNIA : W INE , M OVIES , A VOCADOS , AND N OBEL L AUREATES system, and a support frame. The team eventually hopes to show that even 300-ton mon- uments—not to mention the far-less-massive building Not only does the State afternoon of October 24. by members of the Swedish blocks of Egypt’s 90-odd of California have the fifth President David Baltimore royal family and the Swedish pyramids—could have been largest economy in the world (physiology/medicine ’75), ambassador. It’s preceded by raised with a fraction of the (having recently passed up Rudy Marcus, the Noyes Pro- a morning symposium at effort that modern researchers France), it also has the largest fessor of Chemistry (chemis- UCLA, which has a few have assumed. concentration of Nobel laure- try ’92), and Ed Lewis, the Nobel laureates of its own. Gharib, whose primary ates. And, because the year Morgan Professor of Biology, On October 25 a Centennial research interest is the nature 2001 marks the 100th anni- Emeritus (physiology/medi- Celebration luncheon will be of fluid flow, has been work- versary of the Nobel Prize, cine ’95) will introduce held at the California Science ing on the project since local California will be celebrating speakers at the symposium. Center in downtown Los business consultant Maureen and paying tribute to its (Ahmed Zewail, the Pauling Angeles, chaired by Gayle Clemmons contacted Caltech laureates and to the signifi- Professor of Chemical Physics Wilson, the state’s former two years ago. Clemmons cance of science and technol- and professor of physics, who first lady and a member of had seen a picture in Smith- ogy in the state. Which no won the chemistry Nobel in Caltech’s board of trustees. sonian magazine in 1997 of doubt has something to do 1999, will unfortunately be On October 26, the celebra- an obelisk being raised, and with its economy. out of town.) Other Caltech tion moves northward to San thought that the Egyptians Of California’s 94 Nobel- speakers at the event include Franciso, where there will be could have used kites to ists, Caltech counts 27 among Richard Andersen, the Bos- a symposium at the Explora- accomplish the task more its faculty and alumni (that’s well Professor of Neurosci- torium. A banquet at City easily. All she needed was actually 28 prizes, since Linus ence, and Professor of Physics Hall follows on the 27th. an aeronautics expert with Pauling won two). Three of Andrew Lange. A reception The Nobel Centennial the proper credentials to the four faculty members still at the Athenaeum will follow. is also sponsoring an essay field-test her theory. It is a active on campus will be Caltech’s symposium is contest for junior- and senior- credit to her determination taking part in the Nobel only a portion of the Califor- high-school students and that the tests are occurring— Centennial Symposium in nia Nobel Prize Centennial establishing Centennial with no scientific or archaeo- Beckman Auditorium on the 2001, which will be attended Scholarships. ■ logical training, she has 2 ENGINEERING & SCIENCE NO . 1 F LY L IKE AN E GYPTIAN P UT S OME C ESIUM IN Y OUR T ANK managed to marshal the idea if the ancient Egyptians efforts of family, friends, actually moved stones or and fellow enthusiasts. anything else with kites and Even today, moving heavy pulleys, but Clemmons has stones without power equip- found some tantalizing hints Gasoline averaging $3 per (sulfuric acid), and a normal ment is quite labor-intensive. that the project is on the gallon? Oil drilling in an salt, such as K2SO4 (potassi- In 1586, the Vatican moved right track. On a building Alaskan wildlife reserve? A um sulfate). Solid acids can a 330-ton Egyptian obelisk to frieze now displayed in a need to relax air quality stan- conduct electricity at rates St. Peter’s Square. Lifting the Cairo museum, there is a dards? It seems the long- similar to polymers, they stone upright took 74 horses wing pattern in bas-relief that term future of fossil fuels is don’t need to be hydrated, and 900 men. For Gharib, does not resemble any living bleak. One promising solu- and they can function at the idea of accomplishing bird. Directly below are tion scientists have been temperatures up to 250 °C. heavy tasks with limited several men standing near studying is fuel cells, which They are also typically inex- manpower is appealing from vertical objects that could have their limitations too. pensive and easy to manufac- an engineer’s standpoint be ropes. And she has dis- But in the April 19 issue ture. But until now solid because it makes more logis- covered that a brass ankh— of Nature, Caltech Assistant acids had not been examined tical sense. “It’s one thing long assumed to be merely Professor of Materials Science as fuel-cell electrolytes to send thousands of soldiers a religious symbol—makes Sossina Haile reports on a because they dissolve in to attack another army on a a very good carabiner for new type of fuel cell that water; worse, they can lose battlefield,” he says. “But an controlling a kite line. may resolve these problems. their shape at even slightly engineering project requires Gharib next plans to raise Unlike an automobile elevated temperatures. To everything to be put precisely a 10-ton stone, then perhaps engine, where a fuel is burned solve these problems, Haile into place. I prefer to think a 20-ton one. Eventually, and expanding gases do the and her colleagues operated there were relatively few they hope to receive permis- work, a fuel cell converts the fuel cell at a temperature people involved.” sion to raise one of the chemical energy directly into above the boiling point of The concept Gharib devel- obelisks still lying in an electrical energy.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Big in Japan at the 1970 World’S Fair by W
    PROOF1 2/6/20 @ 6pm BN / MM Please return to: by BIG IN JAPAN 40 | MAR 2020 MAR | SPECTRUM.IEEE.ORG AT THE 1970 WORLD’S FAIR FAIR WORLD’S 1970 THE AT HOW ART, TECH, AND PEPSICO THEN CLASHED TECH, COLLABORATED, ART, HOW BY W. PATRICK M PATRICK W. BY CRAY c SPECTRUM.IEEE.ORG | MAR 2020 MAR | 41 PHOTOGRAPH BY Firstname Lastname RK MM BP EV GZ AN DAS EG ES HG JK MEK PER SKM SAC TSP WJ EAB SH JNL MK (PDF) (PDF) (PDF) (PDF) (PDF) (PDF) (PDF) Big in Japan I. The Fog and The Floats ON 18 MARCH 1970, a former Japanese princess stood at the tion. To that end, Pepsi directed close to center of a cavernous domed structure on the outskirts of Osaka. US $2 million (over $13 million today) to With a small crowd of dignitaries, artists, engineers, and busi- E.A.T. to create the biggest, most elaborate, ness executives looking on, she gracefully cut a ribbon that teth- and most expensive art project of its time. ered a large red balloon to a ceremonial Shinto altar. Rumbles of Perhaps it was inevitable, but over the thunder rolled out from speakers hidden in the ceiling. As the 18 months it took E.A.T. to design and balloon slowly floated upward, it appeared to meet itself in mid- build the pavilion, Pepsi executives grew air, reflecting off the massive spherical mirror that covered the increasingly concerned about the group’s walls and ceiling. vision. And just a month after the opening, With that, one of the world’s most extravagant and expensive the partnership collapsed amidst a flurry multimedia installations officially opened, and the attendees of recriminating letters and legal threats.
    [Show full text]
  • ACADEMIC ENCOUNTER the American University in Japan and Korea R
    ACADEMIC ENCOUNTER The American University in Japan and Korea r ACADEMIC ENCOUNTER The American University in Japan and Korea By Martin Bronfenbrennet THE FREE PRESS OF GLENCOE, INC. A division of the Crowell-Collier Publishing Co. New York t BUREAU OF SOCIAL AND POLITICAL RESEARCH Michigan State University f East Lansing, Michigan I Copyright@ 1961 BY THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES OF MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY East Lansing, Michigan Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 61-63703 i t , PREFACE • This study of some 18 American university affiliations with Japanese and Korean institutions is a small part of a larger study of the American university overseas. The larger study l is undertaken by the Institute for Research on Overseas Pro­ grams at Michigan State University. What is said here about programs in Japan and Korea can be compared with what other staff members of the Institute have saidabout programs in other countries, particularly other Asian countries such as India and !t Indonesia. , Many believe with ex-President Eisenhower that the American university should expand its foreign affiliations as a contribution t to economic and cultural reconstruction and development over­ seas, and to better international understanding between America and other countries. In this view, university affiliations are an j important type of "people to people" contacts across national boundaries. Others believe that the American university should f concentrate its limited manpower and resources on the domestic job it does best, and reduce the scale of its commitments abroad. Part of the decision (or compromise) between these viewpoints should be based on a knowledge of what the existing international programs are in fact attempting or accomplishing.
    [Show full text]
  • Ice News Bulletin of the International
    ISSN 0019–1043 Ice News Bulletin of the International Glaciological Society Number 154 3rd Issue 2010 Contents 2 From the Editor 25 Staff changes 3 Recent work 25 New Chair for the Awards Committee 3 Australia 26 Report from the IGS conference on Snow, 3 Ice cores Ice and Humanity in a Changing Climate, 4 Ice sheets, glaciers and icebergs Sapporo, Japan, 21–25 June 2010 5 Sea ice and glacimarine processes 31 Report from the British Branch Meeting, 6 Large-scale processes Aberystwyth 7 Remote sensing 32 Meetings of other societies 8 Numerical modelling 32 Workshop of Glacial Erosion 9 Ecology within glacial systems Modelling 10 Geosciences and glacial geology 33 Northwest Glaciologists’ Meeting 11 International Glaciological Society 35 UKPN Circumpolar Remote Sensing 11 Journal of Glaciology Workshop 14 Annals of Glaciology 51(56) 35 Notes from the production team 15 Annals of Glaciology 52(57) 36 San Diego symposium, 2nd circular 16 Annals of Glaciology 52(58) 44 News 18 Annals of Glaciology 52(59) 44 Obituary: Keith Echelmeyer 19 Annual General Meeting 2010 46 70th birthday celebration for 23 Books received Sigfús Johnsen 24 Award of the Richardson Medal to 48 Glaciological diary Jo Jacka 54 New members Cover picture: Spiral icicle extruded from the tubular steel frame of a jungle gym in Moscow, November 2010. Photo: Alexander Nevzorov. Scanning electron micrograph of the ice crystal used in headings by kind permission of William P. Wergin, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture EXCLUSION CLAUSE. While care is taken to provide accurate accounts and information in this Newsletter, neither the editor nor the International Glaciological Society undertakes any liability for omissions or errors.
    [Show full text]
  • Over the Water: Fujiko Nakaya
    Over the Water: Fujiko Nakaya Over the Water: Fujiko Nakaya This catalog was published to © 2013, the authors, accompany the Exploratorium’s Fujiko Nakaya, Exploratorium, inaugural project Over Pier 15, San Francisco, the Water: Fujiko Nakaya, CA 94111, and copyright on view at Pier 15, holders as listed. No part San Francisco, from of this publication may be April 17 to October 6, 2013. reproduced in any manner without permission. Editors: Leigh Markopoulos All photographs of Marina McDougall Fog Bridge #72494, 2013 © Exploratorium Publication Manager: Cover, back cover, inside Leigh Markopoulos cover, and pages 22–25 Photos: Gayle Laird Design: John Borruso The arts at the Exploratorium Printer: are generously funded in Solstice Press, Oakland part by grants from the National Endowment for This publication is the Arts and the San Francisco available for free download: Hotel Tax Fund. http://www.exploratorium. edu/arts/over-the-water ISBN: 978-0-943451-70-1 Exploratorium Pier 15 San Francisco, CA 94111 www.exploratorium.edu CONTENTS 4 OVER THE WATER Tom Rockwell 6 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Marina McDougall 8 LEARNING TO LOVE THE FOG Marina McDougall 20 FOG BRIDGE Fujiko Nakaya 26 MUTABLE ENVIRONMENTS Leigh Markopoulos 40 DISAPPEARING ACTS: THE FOGSCAPES OF FUJIKO NAKAYA Henry Urbach 47 Biography 48 Project Team OVER THE WATER Tom Rockwell The Exploratorium at Piers 15 and 17 sits on the edge of the San Francisco Bay, perched at the juncture where the water meets the bustling Embarcadero. Our new site lives at a boundary between a designed, urban space filled with people and a much more natural, if occasionally alien, world of changing tides, churning sediments, and microscopic life.
    [Show full text]
  • Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University
    Hokkaido University Faculty of Mathematics Science Physics Chemistry Biological Sciences Earth and Planetary Sciences Copyright©2019 Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University. All Rights Reserved. Message from the Dean Takeo Horiguchi, Dean, Faculty of Science The Faculty of Science was originally established as the That pioneering spirit of determination has been School of Science within Hokkaido Imperial University in maintained throughout the history of the Faculty of 1930. That school was the fourth to be founded within the Science, and has led to numerous significant research university, following the Schools of Agriculture, Medicine, outputs. These include the first-ever artificial snow, and Engineering. Establishing a school that was orientated created by Dr. Ukichiro Nakaya, and the development toward basic science was strongly desired at that time, of the coupling reaction by Dr. Akira Suzuki, who was and the School of Science was expected to play a key role awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2010. In 2018, in supporting the active development of applied science, a new innovative 10-year program, the “Institute for alongside the existing schools. The School of Science Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (ICReDD),” was started with six departments: Mathematics, Physics, accepted as a World Premier International Research Chemistry, Geology/Mineralogy, Botany, and Zoology. The Center Initiative. The ICReDD is expected to revolutionize building constructed for the school was the first modern traditional approaches in developing chemical reactions reinforced concrete building in Sapporo at that time, and its through integrating the fields of computational science, striking architecture is still remarkable. The staircase area of information science, and experimental science.
    [Show full text]
  • Caravans of Gold Glimpse a World Where Islam, Christianity and African Cultures Met at the Crossroads of the Saharan Trade Routes — at the Block Museum
    Four New Personality Types p. 13 … Boom Chicago at 25 p. 17 … “ What’s the next big thing in AI? Wildcat Style — No Filter p. 34 … Uzoamaka Nzelibe and Asylum Adding humanness on top of deep Seekers p. 38 … Soccer Star Matt Eliason’s Messi & Me Moment p. 47 learning.” p. 12 SPRING 2019 Caravans of Gold Glimpse a world where Islam, Christianity and African cultures met at the crossroads of the Saharan trade routes — at the Block Museum. p. 26 MOMENT Great Spirit In November members of the Chicago-area Native American community and representatives of Sand Creek Massacre descendants gathered on campus to share reflections at a bonfire and a panel discussion. U.S. Army cavalry soldiers slaughtered approximately 150 Cheyenne and Arapaho Native Americans on Nov. 29, 1864, at Sand Creek in Colorado. University founder John Evans was the governor and superintendent of Indian Affairs of the Colorado Territory at the time. Northwestern has made Native American research a priority in recent years. PHOTO: ADAM SINGS IN THE TIMBER SPRING 2019 NORTHWESTERN MOMENT Jump for Joy Anthony Gaines celebrates an emphatic dunk during the Wildcats’ exhibition opener in the debut of the new Welsh- Ryan Arena. The Northwestern facility received $110 million in upgrades. Additions include new seating with chair-backs, new and expanded restrooms, concession areas with twice as many point-of-sale stations and new locker rooms for men’s and women’s basketball and women’s volleyball. PHOTO: S.J. CARRERA INC. 2018/COURTESY OF NORTHWESTERN ATHLETICS SPRING 2019 NORTHWESTERN 4 5 SPRING 2019 Contents Vol.
    [Show full text]
  • Snow Wonder “A Snow Crystal Is a Letter from the Sky.” Ukichiro Nakaya, Japanese Scientist (1900-1962) in Cassino 2009
    Snow wonder “A snow crystal is a letter from the sky.” Ukichiro Nakaya, Japanese scientist (1900-1962) in Cassino 2009 Snow science A snow day is a great time to get outside and explore nature. Nancy Rosenow encourages early childhood educators to help children see the wonders of the natural world. (Exchange 2011) When it’s snowing, help children wonder about snow! Most people have heard no two snowflakes are alike. “No two leaves, flowers, or people are exactly alike, either! Snow crystals are like us--we’re each different, but we have a lot in common.” (Cassino 2009) However, in 1988 Nancy Knight, a scientist at the National Center for Atmosphere Research, found two identical examples while studying crystals from a storm in Wisconsin. (http://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/world-records/first-indentical- snow-crystals) This is very rare. Typically a snow crystal has six branches Citizen scientist or dendrites and is shaped like a star, but some snow crystals form in plates or columns. Occasionally twin crystals form with twelve points as Snowflake Bentley: one six-sided crystal forms on top of another. Wilson Bentley lived in Vermont A snow crystal starts as a speck in a cloud. When a speck gets cold from 1865 to 1931. From his enough, water vapor sticks to it and then layers of moisture form a six- childhood he was intrigued sided crystal because water molecules attach themselves to each other by nature and especially in clusters of six. As they grow and become heavier, crystals fall from captivated by snowflakes. clouds to the ground at an average of three miles per hour.
    [Show full text]
  • Ukichiro Nakaya
    242 REVIEW precise, and intensely personal account of 1928, the book claims, Wilkins crossed of Wilkins’s arcticexperiences, and “the Graham Land plateau . discov- “Under the North Pole” (1931) giveshis ering the channelswhich apparently life up to the time he became involved transformed the great peninsula into a with the “Nautilus”. Mr. Thomas tells, chain of islands,” and “discovered alto- in great and lurid detail, the story of gether eight new islands,three channels, howWilkins first reached England, a and a strait, as well as an unknown land story of which Wilkins himself makes whichseemed to be part of the Ant- no mention. The gypsy girl who stowed arctic continent”. No note or comment awayon the “Alaskan” at Fairbanks is added to explain that, in 1934-37, the receives no mention in Wilkins’sown BritishGraham Land Expedition books;Mr. Thomas devotes nearly a showed Wilkins’s channels to be glacier pageand a half to her.Some details streams, and the strait to be non-exist- havebeen changed for no apparent ent, so that Graham Land is, in fact, a reason.Uncrating the planes at Fair- peninsula. Wilkins would certainly have banks, Wilkins states that the workers been the first to admit this error. With- complained of the cold when the ther- out being formallytrained as a scientist, mometer read -52OF; Mr. Thomas gives hehad a scientific outlook, and con- the figure as -20OF. stantly modified hisviews and ideas This bookgives no details of the when new evidencewarranted doing so. very considerable human problems that The book is well illustrated, but lacks beset the attemptsto take the “Nau- an index, maps, and a bibliography.
    [Show full text]
  • Ball P. Nature`S Patterns.. a Tapestry in Three Parts. Branches (OUP, 2009
    Nature’s Patterns This page intentionally left blank Nature’s Patterns A Tapestry in Three Parts Philip Ball Nature’s Patterns is a trilogy composed of Shapes, Flow, and Branches 1 3 Great Clarendon Street, Oxford OX2 6DP Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. It furthers the University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide in Oxford New York Auckland Cape Town Dar es Salaam Hong Kong Karachi Kuala Lumpur Madrid Melbourne Mexico City Nairobi New Delhi Shanghai Taipei Toronto With offices in Argentina Austria Brazil Chile Czech Republic France Greece Guatemala Hungary Italy Japan Poland Portugal Singapore South Korea Switzerland Thailand Turkey Ukraine Vietnam Oxford is a registered trade mark of Oxford University Press in the UK and in certain other countries Published in the United States by Oxford University Press Inc., New York # Philip Ball 2009 The moral rights of the author have been asserted Database right Oxford University Press (maker) First published 2009 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior permission in writing of Oxford University Press, or as expressly permitted by law, or under terms agreed with the appropriate reprographics rights organization. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside the scope of the above should be sent to the Rights Department, Oxford University Press, at the address above You must not circulate this book in any other binding or cover and you must impose the same condition on any acquirer British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Data available Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Data available Typeset by SPI Publisher Services, Pondicherry, India Printed in Great Britain on acid-free paper by Clays Ltd., St Ives plc ISBN 978–0–19–923798–2 13579108642 Branching EEING the splayed, forking channels of rivers, natural philosophers Swere reminded of veins and arteries.
    [Show full text]
  • Japan's Evolving Efforts Toward Sustainable Development of the Arctic
    Yoko Kamikawa and Tomoko Hamachi, “Japan’s Evolving Efforts toward Sustainable Development of the Arctic ,” Science & Diplomacy, Vol. 5, No. 3 (September 2016). http://www.sciencediplomacy.org/perspective/2016/japans-evolving-efforts-toward- sustainable-development-arctic This copy is for non-commercial use only. More articles, perspectives, editorials, and letters can be found at www.sciencediplomacy.org. Science & Diplomacy is published by the Center for Science Diplomacy of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), the world’s largest general scientific society. Japan’s Evolving Efforts toward Sustainable Development of the Arctic Yoko Kamikawa and Tomoko Hamachi S a country with a direct connection to the Arctic by sea, there has been Agrowing recognition within Japan that environmental change at the top of the world is an issue that could impact the whole earth, including this maritime nation. At the same time, however, Japan recognizes its link to and role in the environmental changes occurring in the Arctic. The unprecedented rate of change is, on the one hand, too fast for Arctic ecosystems and communities to adapt to, yet, on the other hand, the emerging economic opportunities of an ice-free Arctic could be substantial. In order to address these multifaceted and interrelated issues, the Japanese government, led by a few dedicated parliamentarians, initiated an effort to understand the impacts of such changes and how that understanding could be harnessed to effect positive outcomes in a region that is home to about four million people, including four-hundred-thousand indigenous people. On October 16, 2015, Japan’s prime minister, Shinzo Abe, with unanimous support from his cabinet ministers, adopted a national Arctic policy at the fourteenth meeting of the Headquarters for Ocean Policy held at the Prime Minister’s Office.
    [Show full text]
  • Plutonium Summer 1998 No.22
    Summer 1998 No.22 A Branch of the Chang Jiang River Going Across Shanghai Although Shanghai has achieved rapid economic development in the past, future growth will depend on Shanghai's ability to secure a stable supply of energy. The Chinese government has made plans to supply the coastal region of southeastern China, which has no reliable energy resources, with between 120 and 240 GW by the year 2050 by an expensive nuclear power generation program. It is estimated that, by 2050, the country's total power generation capacity will amount to 1,200 GW, of which 10-20% will be nuclear. Contents ● Opinion What to Do with Nuclear Weapons in India and Pakistan? ● Special Report Nuclear Weapons and Nuclear Energy - A Study in Global Governance - Ryukichi Imai ● Pu-Series 18 On Nuclear Fuel Cycle Programs Atsuyuki Suzuki ● Pluto 21 Rock Candy Confetti Shigeru Gotoh ● Letters Isotopic Composition of Plutonium - Importance of Discussions Should Be Recognized - ● Nourriture-5 Wine.., My Friend (III) Champagne Yuji Tsushima ● Views of Nuclear Power Stations Fruits, Vegetables and Energy Affluent in Joban Area ● Info-Clip Inauguration of the Organization of Nuclear Fuel Cycle Development Slated for October ● CNFC Information ● Postscript Plutonium Summer No.22 Council for Nuclear Fuel Cycle Juzen Bldg.,Room 801, 2-9-6, Nagata-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100, Japan TEL : 03-3591-2081 FAX : 03-3591-2088 Publisher Takashi Mukaibo Executive Editor Shigeru Gotoh Editorial Office Council for Nuclear Fuel Cycle Date of Issue: August 12, 1998 Sep. 21, 1998 Copyright (C) 1998 Council for Nuclear Fuel Cycle [email protected] Opinion What to Do with Nuclear Weapons in India and Pakistan? India and Pakistan conducted nuclear tests and declared that they were members of the nuclear weapon countries.
    [Show full text]
  • Fog Bridge, a Fog Characteristics Similar to Natural Fog: Remaining Conditions
    MeeFog™ Systems • Case Study • The Exploratorium • San Francisco, California USA MeeFog™ Systems • Case Study • The Exploratorium • San Francisco, California USA MeeFog™ System Applications RO WATER TREATMENT SPECIAL EFFECTS • Amusement Parks • Themed Entertainment • Zoos, Aquariums, Gardens • Fountain Art • Private Residence GAS TURBINE COOLING • Power Generation • Oil, Gas, Petrochemical • Offshore Operations HUMIDIFICATION • Commercial HVAC • Manufacturing EVAPORATIVE COOLING • Data Center Cooling • Condenser Cooling • Heat Exchanger Cooling Special Effects Droplets are AGRICULTURE/OTHER spheres. Thinking of them only in terms • Greenhouses of diameter can be • Conservatory misleading. • Wine Barrel Storage • Cold Storage About Mee Industries Inc. • Dust Suppression ™ • Odor Control MeeFog Sculpture Welcomes Visitors to For over 45 years Mee Industries has led the world with innovative water • Cement Curing fog technology. MeeFog™ systems are used to humidify and cool many New San Francisco Exploratorium industrial, commercial and agricultural processes and to create interesting and dynamic special effects. Today there are over ten thousand MeeFog™ systems in use around the world. The MeeFog™ team looks forward to HEADQUARTERS helping you with your fogging project. Mee Industries, Inc. BENEFITS CHALLENGE 16021 Adelante Street The Exploratorium • Replicates natural fog with plume- The Exploratorium wanted an Irwindale, CA 91702 San Francisco, California The Mee Advantage: Experience, Innovation, Performance like clouds inaugural artwork for its Over the T: 626.359.4550 • Four high-pressure pumps direct Water series to attract interest and Since 1969, San Francisco’s Exploratorium has sat at In 1969, Thomas Mee Jr. a former Cornell University research scientist, F: 626.359.4660 water to an array of 832 specially draw visitors to its new location.
    [Show full text]