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80. Prólogo a La Segunda Edición, Al Libro La Crisis

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80. Prólogo a La Segunda Edición, Al Libro La Crisis LA CRISIS DE LA DEMOCRACIA EN VENEZUELA, LA OEA Y LA CARTA DEMOCRÁTICA INTERAMERICANA DOCUMENTOS DE LUIS ALMAGRO (2015-2017) Iniciativa Democrática de España y las Américas (IDEA) es un foro inter- nacional no gubernamental de ex mandatarios, demócratas respetuosos de la alternabilidad democrática durante sus desempeños, que patrocina la Fundación IDEA-Democrática. Desde la sociedad civil y la opinión pública observa y ana- liza los procesos y experiencias democráticos iberoamericanos, reflexiona sobre las vías y medios que permitan la instalación de la democracia allí donde no exis- te o su reconstitución donde se ha deteriorado, así como favorecer su defensa y respeto por los gobiernos donde se encuentra radicada. IDEA busca reforzar la solidaridad iberoamericana e internacional a favor de la democracia, del Estado de Derecho, y la garantía y tutela efectiva y universal de los derechos humanos. Al efecto diseña y realiza programas y actividades para orientar a las sociedades civiles y políticas de las Américas y España, reco- mendándoles medidas y soluciones que permitan la modificación de las tenden- cias que incidan negativamente sobre la citada tríada de la libertad o que sean sus desviaciones. Coopera, en fin, con el fortalecimiento de los elementos esenciales de la misma democracia y los componentes fundamentales de su ejercicio. Con la firma y presentación de la Declaración de Panamá sobre Venezuela el 9 de abril de 2015, a propósito de la VII Cumbre de las Américas, IDEA- Democrática nace, en fin, como iniciativa que hoy forman 37 ex Jefes de Estado y de Gobierno iberoamericanos. www.idea-democrática.org [email protected] LA CRISIS DE LA DEMOCRACIA EN VENEZUELA, LA OEA Y LA CARTA DEMOCRÁTICA INTERAMERICANA DOCUMENTOS DE LUIS ALMAGRO (2015-2017) Segunda edición actualizada INICIATIVA DEMOCRÁTICA DE ESPAÑA Y LAS AMÉRICAS (IDEA) Editorial Jurídica Venezolana International 2017 © by Editorial Jurídica Venezolana International Hecho el Depósito de Ley Depósito Legal: DC2016001234 ISBN: 978-980-365-366-8 Primera edición: Noviembre, 2016 Segunda edición: Abril, 2017 Editorial Jurídica Venezolana Avda. Francisco Solano López, Torre Oasis, P.B., Local 4, Sabana Grande, Apartado 17.598 – Caracas, 1015, Venezuela Teléfono 762-25-53 / 762-38-42/ Fax. 763-52-39 Email [email protected] http://www.editorialjuridicavenezolana.com.ve Impreso por: Lightning Source, an INGRAM Content company para Editorial Jurídica Venezolana International Inc. Panamá, República de Panamá. Email: [email protected] Diagramación, composición y montaje por: Francis Gil, en letra Time New Roman 12 Interlineado Exacto 14, Mancha 11,5 x 18 CONTENIDO PALABRAS DE PRESENTACIÓN A LA SEGUNDA EDICIÓN, por Asdrúbal Aguiar ........................................ 11 PRÓLOGO A LA SEGUNDA EDICIÓN, por Allan R. Brewer- Carías .................................................................................... 21 I. CARTA ABIERTA DEL SECRETARIO GENERAL DE LA OEA, DR. LUIS ALMAGRO, EN RESPUESTA A ELÍAS JAUA, 17 de septiembre de 2015 ................................ 43 II. CARTA DEL SECRETARIO GENERAL DE LA OEA, LUIS ALMAGRO, A LA PRESIDENTA DEL CONSE- JO NACIONAL ELECTORAL, TIBISAY LUCENA EN RELACIÓN A LOS COMICIOS DEL 6 DICIEMBRE DE 2015, 10 de noviembre de 2015 ......................................... 49 III. MENSAJE DEL SECRETARIO GENERAL DE LA OEA AL PRESIDENTE DE VENEZUELA NICOLÁS MADURO, 18 de mayo de 2016 .............................................. 71 IV. PRIMER INFORME SOBRE VENEZUELA: CARTA DEL SECRETARIO GENERAL DE LA OEA, LUIS ALMAGRO, AL PRESIDENTE DEL CONSEJO PER- MANENTE DE LA OEA JUAN JOSÉ ARCURI, PARA CONVOCAR CONSEJO PERMANENTE EN VENE- ZUELA Y ACTIVAR LA CARTA DEMOCRÁTICA INTERAMERICANA, 30 de mayo de 2016 ........................... 73 V. PRESENTACIÓN DEL SECRETARIO GENERAL DE LA OEA ANTE EL CONSEJO PERMANENTE APLI- CACIÓN DE LA CARTA DEMOCRÁTICA INTER- AMERICANA, 23 de junio de 2016 ....................................... 205 8 VI. CARTA ABIERTA DEL SECRETARIO GENERAL DE LA OEA, A LEOPOLDO LÓPEZ, CON RELA- CIÓN A LA RATIFICACIÓN A SU INJUSTA CON- DENA, 22 de agosto de 2016 ................................................. 225 VII. CARTA DEL SECRETARIO GENERAL DE LA OEA A TIBISAY LUCENA PRESIDENTA DEL CNE EN RELACIÓN AL REFERENDO REVOCATORIO, 22 de agosto de 2016 ............................................................. 233 VIII. COMUNICADO CONJUNTO DE LA SECRETARÍA GENERAL DE LA OEA Y EL CENTRO CARTER, 1 de septiembre de 2016 ........................................................ 237 IX. VENEZUELA: SECRETARIO GENERAL DE LA OEA LLAMA A INMEDIATA LIBERACIÓN DE VLADIMIR ARAQUE, 15 de septiembre de 2016 ............. 239 X. COLLOQUIUM FOR DIPLOMACY & HUMAN RIGHTS SECRETARY GENERAL ALMAGRO- KEYNOTE ADDRESS, September. 19, 2016 ..................... 241 XI. VENEZUELA: “EL REFERÉNDUM REVOCATORIO PERTENECE AL PUEBLO, ASÍ COMO LA LIBER- TAD PARA EXIGIRLO, 23 de septiembre de 2016 .......... 253 XII. MESA DE DIÁLOGO “DEMOCRACIAS BAJO AMENAZA”, 21 de octubre, 2016 ....................................... 255 XIII. EDITORIAL “LEOPOLDO LÓPEZ, MIL DÍAS PRESO POLÍTICO”, 14 de noviembre de 2016 ............ 261 XIV. MENSAJE DE LA OEA EN APOYO AL DIÁLOGO EN VENEZUELA, 16 de noviembre de 2016 ................... 265 XV. COMUNICADO EN SOLIDARDAD CON PUEBLO VENEZOLANO, 19 de diciembre de 2016 ........................ 267 XVI. RESPETO A LA NORMATIVA DE LA ASAMBLEA NACIONAL DE VENEZUELA, 27 de diciembre de 2016 ...................................................................................... 271 XVII. PRESENTACIÓN DEL INFORME ACTUALIZADO SOBRE VENEZUELA AL CONSEJO PERMANEN- TE, 14 de marzo de 2017 ..................................................... 275 9 XVIII. INFORME DE SEGUIMIENTO SOBRE VENE- ZUELA: CARTA DEL SECRETARIO GENERAL DE LA OEA AL EMBAJADOR PATRICK ANDREWS, REPRESENTANTE PERMANENTE DE BELICE, ANTE LA ORGANIZACIÓN DE LOS ESTADOS AMERICANOS, 14 de marzo de 2017 ............................. 277 XIX. PRESENTACIÓN EN LA MESA REDONDA SOBRE LA SITUACIÓN POLÍTICA Y DE DERECHOS HUMANOS EN VENEZUELA, 21 de marzo de 2017 ... 401 XX. EDITORIAL “CÓMO VENEZUELA PUEDE EVI- TAR LA SUSPENSIÓN DE LA OEA,” 24 de marzo de 2017 ................................................................................... 407 XXI. DECLARACIÓN EN RESPALDO A LA DECLA- RACIÓN DE 14 PAÍSES SOBRE VENEZUELA, 24 de marzo de 2017 .......................................................... 411 XXII. EXPOSICIÓN DURANTE EL CONSEJO PERMA- NENTE SOBRE VENEZUELA, 28 de marzo de 2017 .. 413 XXIII. VENEZUELA: SECRETARIO GENERAL DE LA OEA DENUNCIA AUTO GOLPE DE ESTADO, 30 de marzo de 2017 .................................................................... 415 XXIV. EXPOSICIÓN EN LA SESIÓN EXTRAORDINARIA DEL CONSEJO PERMANENTE SOBRE VENE- ZUELA, 3 de abril de 2017 ............................................... 419 XXV. CONDENA A LA REPRESIÓN CONTRA MANI- FESTACIÓN PACÍFICA, 4 de abril de 2017................ 423 XXVI. LLAMAMIENTO AL RÉGIMEN DE VENEZUELA A CESAR LA REPRESIÓN EN FORMA INMEDIA- TA, 7 de abril de 2017 ...................................................... 425 XXVII. LLAMAMIENTO AL GOBIERNO DE VENEZUELA A RESPETAR LA VOZ DEL PUEBLO Y DIRIMIR LAS DIFERENCIAS EN ELECCIONES, 9 de abril de 2017 .................................................................................... 429 XXVIII. MENSAJE DEL SECRETARIO GENERAL DE LA OEA SOBRE EL AUMENTO DE LA REPRESIÓN EN VENEZUELA, 11 de abril de 2017 ......................... 433 10 APÉNDICE 1: ACUERDO DE LA ASAMBLEA NACIONAL EN APOYO DE LA APLICACIÓN DEL ARTÍCULO 20 DE LA CARTA DEMOCRÁTICA INTERAMERI- CANA, COMO MECANISMO PARA EL RESTA- BLECIMIENTO EN PAZ DEL ORDEN CONSTITU- CIONAL EN VENEZUELA 21 de marzo de 2017 .......... 437 APÉNDICE 2: DECLARACIÓN SOBRE VENEZUELA DE LOS REPRESENTANTES DE ARGENTINA, BRA- SIL, CANADÁ, CHILE, COLOMBIA, COSTA RICA, ESTADOS UNIDOS DE AMÉRICA, GUATEMALA, HONDURAS, MÉXICO, PANAMÁ, PARAGUAY, PERÚ Y URUGUAY, 23 de marzo de 2017 ...................... 443 APÉNDICE 3: DECLARACIÓN DE LOS EXPRESIDENTES (IDEA) CONDENANDO AL GOLPE DE ESTADO EN VENEZUELA, 30 marzo de 2017 ...................................... 445 APÉNDICE 4: RESOLUCIÓN DEL CONSEJO PERMANEN- TE DE LA OEA SOBRE LOS SUCESOS EN VENEZUELA, 3 de abril de 2017 ..................................... 447 APÉNDICE 5: LA COMISIÓN INTERAMERICANA DE DERECHOS HUMANOS URGE A LA PROTECCIÓN AL DERECHO A PROTESTAS Y EL RESPETO A LA LIBERTAD DE EXPRESIÓN 11 de abril de 2017 .... 449 INDICE GENERAL ........................................................................ 455 PALABRAS DE PRESENTACIÓN A LA SEGUNDA EDICIÓN Iniciativa Democrática de España y las Américas (IDEA), foro internacional ad hoc de ex Jefes de Estado y de Gobierno compro- metidos con la defensa de la democracia, a objeto de favorecerla donde está ausente, fortalecerla donde se ha debilitado y protegerla allí donde sus raíces lograron fortalecerse, presenta esta nueva edi- ción de La crisis de la democracia en Venezuela, la OEA y la Carta Democrática Interamericana (Documentos de Luis Almagro 2015- 2016), a propósito de la actualización reciente del Informe que so- bre Venezuela presenta ante el Consejo Permanente de la Organiza- ción de los Estados Americanos su Secretario General, el 23 de ju- nio de 2016. Se trata de una breve obra, fundamental a la hora de conocer y ponderar, lejos de apreciaciones subjetivas, la grave alteración –en propiedad la ruptura– que hoy sufre el orden constitucional y de- mocrático venezolano bajo el gobierno de Nicolás Maduro Moros. El documento
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