A Study of Some Neotropical Leafhofpers

A STUDY OF SOME NEOTROPICAL LEAFHOFPERS

(HOKOFTERA: CICADELLIDAE: IDIOCERINAE)

DISSERTATION

Presented, in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University

Jenaro Maldonado-Capriles, B. S. A., M. 3. S,

The Ohio State University

1956

Approved by:

Dr. Carl ET Venarc Adviser Department of Zoology and Entomology Acknowledgments

The many technicalities that were met during the study of this insect material could never have been solved and the work finisned witn- out tne invaluable and unselfish help of all the persons mentioned below. To all of them I am sincerely and gratefully Indebted.

Dr. Carl E. Venard whose constant counsel and suggestions helped me, not only to finish this dissertation, but to make the best of my stay at Ohio State University.

Dr. D. J. Borror for nis advise on nomenclatural and bibliographi cal problems.

Dr. J. N. Knull for letting me examine the types of Idlotettlx

Osborn.

Special thanks are due to Dr. George Wallace, of tne Carnegie Mu seum, for tne loan of all of Osborn's types of Idlocerus Lewis and to

Dr. David A. Young Jr., of t:*e United States Department of Agriculture, for tne detailed correction of parts of t e first typescript, many other suggestions, and the drawings of the styles of Caldwell’s types.

One last word of acknowledgment is due to the members of the Ma- quiritare Tribe of Venezuelan Carib Indians without whose help the collection of the Venezuelan material treated tiere and other very

Interesting material in ti.e collection of the University of Puerto

Rico would have been simply impossible. To their uncanny knowledge of the deep Jungle and its ways we owe the success of our venture and the fact that we came back alive from Terra incognita.

11 Table of Contents

Page

1 . Acknowledgments ii

2 . List of tables iv

3. Introduction 1

k. Methods 2

5. Terminology 3

6 . T:ie subfamily Idiocerinae Baker 1915 8

7. Genera In Idic'erinae Baker 1915 8

8. Species in the new genus Idloceropsis 13

9- Relationships of the species In Idloceropsis gen. nov. 1 6

1 0 . Key to the species of Idloceropsis gen. nov. 2 2

1 1 . Key using genitalic characters to the known males in

Idioceropsis gen. nov. 26

1 2 . Type localities of the species 29

13. The second abdominal sternal opodeme 32

Ik. Description of toe new genus 3^

15. Description of species 35

1 6 . Conclusions 95

17. Illustrations 96

16. Bibliography 1 3 6

19- Index to descriptions and illustrations of the species IkQ

ill List of Tables

Table Page

I Names of parts of male genitalia J*

II Names of parts of head 5

III Terminology of veins of forewing 6

IV Terminology of cells of forevlng 7

V Localities of the genotypes of the genera

in Idiocerinae 12

VI Systematic arrangement of the species in

Idloceropsis gen. nov. lU

VII Geographic distribution of the species in

Idloceropsis gen. nov. 33

iv 1

Introduction

This dissertation summarizes t:ie results of a study of idiocerine leafhoppers. It contains a description of a new genua and new species collected by the writer in Territorio Amazonas, Venezuela, S. A., and a study of species of IdloceruB Lewis described by Osborn and by

Caldwell. It includes the redescription and transfer of Osborn's and the transfer of Caldwell's species, previously include.* „^eru8

Lewis, into the new genus. 2

Methods

In order to examine the second abdominal sternal apodeme and the internal male genitalia the whole abdomen of the specimen has to be detached from tne thorax. After relaxing an insect, the abdomen was removed by Inserting a fine pin or needle between the thorax and the abdomen and then pulling the abdomen free witn a pair of fine forceps.

The detached abdomen was then cleared, stained and dissected for micro

scopic study. This process can be summarized as follows; 1. heat the detached abdomen for ten to fifteen minutes or leave the abdomen over

night in 10$ KOH solution, 2. remove tne alkeli with warm water, 3» neutralize any remaining alkali with 10$ HCl aqueous solution, 4. stain with 5$ acid fuschin aqueous solution, 5 * dissect internal male genitalia from genital capsule, and 6 . store in small vials attacned

to tne pins of corresponding specimens.

Drawings were made by means of an ocular grid with both compound

and stereoscopic dissecting microscopes. Tne part to be drawn was sub merged in a snail cup of acid (2$ acetic) glycerine and ueld in place by means of a small amount of boric acid ointment rubbed un tr.e bottom.

Slide projectors were used in making drawings of tne wings.

The dimensions of tne face were taken by measuring from tne top

of the crown to the base of the clypellus and across from the inner

margins of tne eyes. The second abdominal sternal apodeme was sketcned wnlle having the abdominal sterna horizontal and upward. 3

In redescribitig Osborn's types hlB account of colors is used again instead of trying to describe the present faded colors of the specimens.

Caldwell's descriptions of the three Puerto Rican species have been cited verbatim.

Terminology

Oman's terminology was used for describing the characters of the body, genitalia, and wing venation. Tables I, II, and III summarize and compare tne terms used with the equivalents used by modern students of the Cicadellidae. Metcalf (1913) has published similar tables and in order to avoid repetition the terminology ae compares is not treated here. Table I

Names of parts of male genitalia

DeLong Evans Qpiwn Snodgrass pygofer pygophore pygofer valve aternite IX valve plate subgenital plate subgenital plate plate style paramere style aedeagus aedeagus aedeagus connective basal plate connective second basal plate 5

Table II

Names of parts of head

DeLong Evans Oman Snodgrass vertex crown crown vertex

frons frons frons postclypeus clypeus clypeus clypeus anteclypeus f'lypellus anteclypeus gena maxillary plate gena gena

maxillary plate frontal frontal suture lateral fron clypeal suture suture tal suture

epistomal suture epistomal suture

postfrontal suture lorum lorum lorum anterior plate

mandibulary plate Table III

Terminology of forevlng venation

DeLong Coustock- Evans Cknan Needham

Longitudinal veins

Outer branch of first sector

First sector R / M R / M R / M

*2 / 3 Rlb **2 / 3

Rla ^ / 5 Rs Rk f 5 Inner branch of M1 / 2 Ml j 2 M1 / 2 first sector

M3 / k m3 / U m3 / b Second sector Cui Cuj cui

C “ia Cula Cula

Cuib Culb Culb Claval suture CU2 Cug claval suture

Cross veins

Cross vein 1st r m M1 / 2 between sectors

Apical cross 2nd r - m r - m vein

1st cross 1st m - cu 1st m - cu 1st cross nervure vein

2nd cross 2nd m - cu 2nd m - cu 2nd cross nervure vein 7

Table IV

Terminology of cells of forewlng

DeLong Comstock- Evans Oman Needham

costal costal

costal costal Rla costal fiscal R R dlscal

outer 1st R3 1st Rlb outer anteapical anteapical

apical 2nd R3 2nd Rlb fourth apical

central 1st R^ 1st Rs central anteapical anteapical

apical 2nd R^ 2nd Rs third apical

1st M R / M

Inner 2nd M M discal anteapical

apical 3rd M 1st M 3 ^ k inner anteapical

apical 4th M 2nd M3 y 4 second apical

Cui Cu1 brachial

apical Cuia Cula first apical

appendix appendix appendix appendix Tie subfardly Idlocerlnae Baker

The members of the Idlocerlnae Baker 1915 con be distinguished from tne members of otner subfamilies of Cicadellidae as follows: episternum completely or almost completely concealed by gena; clypeus not large, broad basally, narrowed and rounded distally, ocelli on face, dorsal extremities of clypeus extending beyond antennel pits to near ocelli, dorsun without circular pits, distance between ocelli less tnan distance between antennal pits; clypellus short and broad, apex narrower than base,

.ead nearly always broader tuan pronotum, and antennal ledges distinct.

These characters i.ave been summarized from Oman (19^9)*

Tne lew genuds described in this dissertation exhibits all these characters but the apex cf the clypellus is slightly brtader tr'3 n its basal width and tne dorsal extremities of tne clypeus of a few specimens reac; ti.e ocelli.

Genera in Idlocerlnae Baker 1915

Evans (19^7) lists 22 genera under Idlocerlnae. Omen (19^SJ) considers one of t.nese, Zlnneca Amyot and Serville, a synonym of I die - cerus Lewis. In the list tnat follows the c..aracters th.ot distinguis:

Idloceropsis gen. nuv. frv.r. t. e ot^.er genera In the subfamily are sum marized. The cliQrocters that are listed are these wnich Idloceropsis goi . nov. r.as and differ from tnose exhibited b„, the genus wit;: wi.ich it is Cui:ipared, In a few cuses striking characters of the otner genera are mentioned. 9

1. Austrocerus Evans. The gena not deeply emarglnate, the frontal suture not directed inward at its apex only, and all the spines on the row of strong spines on the hind tibia equally set and spaced.

2. Baloeha Distant. With two subaplcal and four apical cells in the forevlng, the lateral sutures of clypeus not meeting between ocelli,

3. Busonia Distant. With well defined upper lateral suture of clypeus, ocelli not very much nearer the eyes than to each other, legs not slender, forevlng not short and broad, and the outer apical cell not very long and broad.

Chunra Distant. With the scutellum and clypeus not more or leBs tumidly elevated and the forevlng with only two subaplcal cells instead of three.

5. Chunroldes Evans. Face on lateral aspect not concave and the postfrontal suture not discernible, the hind tibia is flattened with three rows of strong spines and the row with the strongest spines usually numbers eight.

6 . Exolldla Osborn. With the scutellum seemingly much longer

(Osborn’s description is somewhat vague and it is difficult to draw exact conclusions). This genus has only three apical cells instead of four as In Idloceropsis gen. nov.

7. Gnatia Evans. The frons is not angularly swollen and the hind margin of the frontoclypeus is not distinct, the hind tibia is not short.

Q. Idiocerella Evans. The upper extremity of the lateral margin of the clypeus pointed to the ocellus of the same side and clypellus is not swollen. 10

9. Idiocerinus Baker. With the upper lateral suture of the clypeus directed to the ocellus of the same side.

10. Idioceroides MatBumura. Clypeus almost flat, not raised longi tudinally or strongly wrinkled, tibia with three rows of strong spines.

11. Idiocerus Lewis. See discussion at end of this list.

12. Idiotettix Osborn. With only two subapical cells and the ocelli on the face instead of almost on the crown thus not visible from above.

This genus includes very long species, 10 to 12 mm. in length, with crossveins on the clavus.

13* Ipo Kirkaldy. With the crown very slightly longer at middle than near eyes In some of the species, the remaining have the anterior and posterior margins parallel, the forewing is not so broad.

1^. Ipocerus Baker. Same as number four above; with four apical cells instead of five.

15. Iposeopus Baker. Same as number four above. This genus has supraantennal edges strongly sinuate producing a distinct lobe.

16. Macrocerus Evans. The dorsal extremities of the lateral margins of the clypeus directed to the ocellus of tne same side. In

Macrocerus this suture is almost in line with the lateral margin of the clypeus and its apex points outward.

17. Megipocerus Zakhvatkin. Lateral edge of clypeus not so deeply arcuate, pronotum not humped posteriorly, scutellum not twice as long as crown and pronotum together, with only two subaplcal cells, and forewing not broadened posteriorly. 11

18. Podloscopus Kirkaldy. VItb two subaplcal cells.

19. Tuaocerus Brans. Frons is not tumid.

20. Zinneca Amyot and Servllle. According to Qnan (19^9) this genus is a synonym of Idiocerus Levis.

21. Rotlfunkla China. Forevlng not so broad and short, only two anteapical cells.

22. Idloscopus Baker. TVo costal cells are present.

It may be a significant fact that all the Philippine genera described by Baker (1915), namely, Idloscopus, Idiocerinus, Ipocerus, and Iposcopus are characterized by only one elongate costal cell.

The styles, connectives, and aedeagl of about 25 North American species of Idiocerus have been studied and found to be distinct from those of the specimens under consideration. For convenience these three structures will be referred to collectively as Internal male genitalia.

The genitalia of North American species agree closely vlth the genitalia of European species according to Drs. D. A. Young jr. and Paul Ludvig who have seen them. The very different internal male genitalia, the different type of external female genitalia, the four apical and the two anteapical cells in the forevlng clearly separate Idiocerus Levis from this nev genus.

Evans (I9U7 ) states that the male genitalia can not be used to sepa rate the genera in this subfamily. An exception can be made with

Idiocerus Levis, Idiotettlx Osborn, and Idloceropsis gen. nov. as the internal male genitalia vlll separate the members of these three genera.

The internal male genitalia of these genera have been Illustrated by 12

DeLong (19^6), Nast (1952), and Maldonado-Capriles (195*0 and clearly

demonstrate this point.

The geographic distribution of the genotypes of the 22 knovn genera

in Idlocerlnae Is tabulated In Table V. It can be seen from this in

formation that 9 genera have been described from the Oriental Realm, 6

from the Australian, and 4 from the Neotropic. The present excellent

knowledge of the Neartlc and European leafhopper fauna In contrast with

the far from complete knowledge of the Neotropical and African leaf-

hopper fauna seems to point that the Idlocerlnae is poorly represented,

as far as genera are concerned, In the Holartlc region. Further

comparative studies are needed before any conclusions can be reached

in regard to the probable phylogeny or origlr. or origins of these genera.

Table V

Genotype localities of the genera in Idlocerlnae

Genus Country of genotype Realm

1. Austrocerus Kangaroo Island Australian

2. Baloeha India Oriental

3. Busonia India Oriental

4. Chunra Malay, British Oriental

5. Chunroldes British Guiana Neotropical

6. Exolidla Brasil Neotropical

7. Gnatla Australia (Western) Australian

8 . Idlocerella Kangaroo Island Australian

9 . Idiocerinus Philippines Oriental 13 10* Idioceroides Formosa Oriental

11. idloscopus India Oriental

12. Idloceropsis Puerto Rico Neotropical

13* Idiocerus Europe Paleartic

14. Idiotettix South America Neotropical

15. l£o Philippines Oriental

1 6 . Ipocerus Philippines Oriental.

17* Iposcopu3 Philippines Oriental l8 . Macrocerus Kangaroo Island Australian

19- Megipocerus Siberia (Eastern) Paleartic

20. Podloscopus Philippines Orientol

21. Rotlfunkia Africa (West Central) Ethiopian

22. Tumocerus Australia (Western) Australian

Species in the new genus Idloceropsis

According to Metcalf (1946) the genus idloceruB Lewis Includes 70

Paleartic, 80 Neartic, 29 Neotropical, 17 Australian, 6 Oriental, 4

Ethiopian, 1 Caribbean, 2 Malaysian, and 1 Oceanic species. Caldwell

(1950) described twc additional species from Puerto Rico making a total of 3 Caribbean species. As we are assigning the Caribbean and the Neo tropical species to the new genus here described the number of species in Idiocerus is reduced to l80. Idiocerus magnus Osborn has been as signed to Idiotettix Osborn by Maldonado-Capriles (195*0 and another is reduced to synonymy in the present work. As 13 new species are described here the new genus Idloceropsis contains at present 43 species, 3 Caribbean and 40 from South America. ll*

All the species considered In this study are listed and systematical' ly arranged in Table VI that follows.

Table VI

Systematic arrangement of the species in Idioceropsis gen. nov.

A. Pronotum unmarked

1* Crown unmarked

a. Forewing with black dots ...... flavotlnctus*

myrclae

ocellatus

rotund!frons

b. Forewing without black dots .... berylllnus

breviatus

costalis

crlstulatus

fasciatus

flavldus

rotundifrons

rug!frons

venezolanus

2. Crown marked

a. Crown with transverse b a n d ...... acumlnatus

b. Crown with two spo t s ...... fulvus

parvulus

* For author and page of description see index on page 1^0. 15

B. Pronotum variously marked

1. Crovn unmarked ...... «... marlcensls

2. Crovn with one marking

a. Marking transverse, yellow . . . aTblcollla

fulvotlnctus

occipitalis

b . Marking transverse, r e d ...... aurantllineatus

hlmertus

c . Marking longitudinal ...... allmaculatus

exquisitus

hyalinua

oncercue

3. Crovn with two markings

a. Pronotum with longitudinal stripes

(1) Three stripes ...... baker1

(2) One, two, or four stripes

(a) Face with four spots . . eburneomaculatus

carmenae

(b) Face with two spots . . bilineatus

cuprlnus

multillneatus

quadrangular1s

b. pronotum with three green spots . trlmaculatus 1 6

c. Pronotum with transverse red band. . figuratus

flammeus

d. Pronotum with other patterns .... areatus

tumldulus

vlrldlcatus

U. Crovn with three markings

a. Pronotum vlth three longitudinal stripes prlncipensls

b. Pronotum marked differently .... macullfrons

multlmaculatus

5. Crovn vlth five m a r k i n g s ...... ml nut us

6 . Crovn vlth seven markings ...... lntrlcatus

Relationships of the species In Idloceropsis gen, nov.

In order to determine the probable relationships of the species treated in this dissertation the folloving procedure was followed:

1. All the species were systematically arranged according to colora tion. This was accomplished by digesting the key to the species on page

22 and the results of this arrangement is shown on table VI.

2. This arrangement was later modified by disregarding the colora tion of the pronotum in some cases and the coloration of the crovn in others, in a fev cases the presence of only one spot on the crovn, or the absence of spots on the crovn, or different color patterns of the pronotum separated species otherwise evidently allied by their general appearance or by the genitalia. 17

3. The two abovementioned steps resulted In the formation of seven

"groups" arbitrarily designated A, B, C, D, E, F, and G. The characters used to separate these groups are detailed and listed below.

4. After the seven groups were established additional allying characters were looked for in the Internal male genitalia and the size.

In several cases this procedure corroborated the soundness of the modifications explained in point two above.

5. Primitive characters were looked for in the species.

The seven groups resulting from the procedure detailed above, the characters used to separate them, and the species included in each are as follows:

1. Group A. Large species, over 4.9 mm. long; apple green and conspicuously ornamented with orange or red lines; aedeagus straight; includes:

aurantilineatus multilineatus

carmenae princlpensis

himertus

2. Group B. Small species, usually under 4.5 mm.; with two fulvous or reddish spots on crovn, or one spot probably resulting from the fussion of two spots, or without spots; in most cases with a well or poorly defined vitreous area on the crovn inside which are located the spots if present; aedeagus decurved cephalad and with a small basal ac cessory lobe. Tventy-tvo species are Included in this group, namely:

a. acuminatua minutus

areatua quadrangular1s 18

figuratus tumldulus

flammeus bakerl

f U l V U B viridlestus

b. billneatus marlcsnsls

brevlatus murciae

cuprlnue oncercus

eburneomaculatus

exquisitus trlmaculatus

fulvotlnctus

c. costalls

Under a are Included those species known only by females and under b those of which the males are known. I. costalls, although of different coloration, has genitalia similar to that of the other species in the group.

3. Group C. Includes large species, over h.$ mm. long; with many blackish or brownish small spot6 on the face, aedeagus with apical half or less slender and angularly bent cephalad over the stouter basal half. The following species are assigned to this group:

intrlcatus multimaculatus

maculifrons

4. Group D. Pronotum and crown unmarked, aedeagus with T- shaped base and the remaining portion long, slender, and curved or bent cephalad. Seven species are allocated here, namely:

beryllinus hyalinus

crlstulatus rotund!frons 19 flavldug venezolanus

flavotlnctus

5. Group E. Brown species, with a large yellow spot above In

cluding part of crown and pronotum. The species included are:

albicoHls occipitalis

6 . Group F* Small species, forevlng with black areas. The

single species with these characters Is allmaculatus.

7* Group G. Small species, pygofer triangular with apical

hook or accessory spine. Two species are placed here:

fasciatus ocellatus

In order to determine relationships between the groups and between the species In each group, first, a search for primitive characters was made, and second, a comparison was made of as many structures as possible.

From assorted evidence Evans (19^7) mentions what he considers primitive characters in the C1cade111dae. Some of these are:

1 . In general the tendency is toward decreasing size; some of the smallest leafhoppers belong in the most recently developed groups,

2. The predominant color of the most primitive groups is brown.

This is followed by green, orange, yellow, red, black, and white.

3. Most primitive Cicadellldae feed on moss and reeds, and live at the base of woody plants. LeaFhoppers occupying a middle position in the evolutionary scale are largely arboreal, and those of most recent development feed on grasses and herbaceous plants, though not limited to them.

If. The primitive position of the ocelli is close to the 20 posterior apices of the frontal suture.

5, The frons in its original condition vas a rectangular facial sclerite bounded by the epistomal suture, by the lateral frontal

sutures, and posteriorly by the postfrontal suture.

6 . The primitive leg is short, quadrilateral, and bears a few

small hair-like spines. It evolved into a flattened leg vlth four rovs of spines.

7* The aedeagus In direct contact with both the anal segment and the connective is probably ancestral to one in vhlch the aedeagus is in contact vlth either.

3. Presence or remnants of the maxillary plates or genae is ancestral to total absence.

Considering the characters mentioned above, it seems that Idio- ceropsis is a relatively recent genus. No particular group of the seven lists of species mentioned above can be selected as more primitive than the rest because, in any one of them, all the species exhibit

"recent" characters. Not being able to select ancestral forms ve have to try to determine relationships on the basis of morphology alone.

From the discussion that follovs it vlll be seen that further grouping of the species by the morphology of the parts of the genitalia can not be accomplished vlthout falling into marked Inconsistencies. We shall use the species in group "B" to make this point clear. Among the

species in this group ve find some vlth triangular, or subquadrangular, or nearly semicircular pygofers and any of these forms can have or not have accessory structures. This eliminates the use of accessory spines 21 and the shape of the pygofers as allying characters. The three Puerto

Rican species, I. myrciae, I. marlcensis, and I. parvulus, also seem to throv some light on the situation. These three species either arose from an unknown common ancestor, or two of them evolved from the third or a close relative of the third, or they had different origins. The first two species seem closer to each other than to the third If ve consider their somewhat similar pygofers. On the other hand, I. myrclae and 1. parvulus, seem closer to each other than to the third if ve consider their somewhat similar aedeagi. Somewhat similar shapes of the con* nectlve and the second abdominal sternal apodeme are shown by species in the different groups.

Summarizing it can be said that all the 43 species discussed in this dissertation can be separated into seven groups according to simi larities in their size, coloration, and shape of the aedeagi. The fact that all the species share the characters of the new genus herein de scribed clearly show that all belong in a common genus. These two points seem to Indicate that the genus Is not as homogeneous as other known clcadellid genera. The differences between the species of the seven groups mentioned in this part of the dissertation are not suf ficient to suggest further splitting of the genus into several genera.

The sharing of quite a number of morphologically similar structures by the species in the seven mentioned groups does not seem to warrant the establishment of subgenera. Perhaps the collection of additional material may clarify the situation of these "groups". 22

Key to the species of Idiocaropsis gen. nov.

The following key can be used for either males or females as there

Is no sexual dimorphism In coloration and markings of the known species.

All the specimens studied were mature forms and not having worked with

Juvenile forms ve do not have evidence to say whether this key will or will not work for the nymphs.

1 Pronotum variously marked 2

1 ’ pronotum unmarked 31

2 Crown unmarked or with one spot 3

2* Crown with two or more spots 13

3 Crown unmarked k

3' Crown with one marking 5 k Costal margin yellowish to mid wing maricensis (Cald.}

4' Costal margin black to mldwlng ______flavidus (Osb.)

5 Crown with transverse band 6

5' Crown with longitudinal stripe 10

6 Crown with yellow or greenish basal band 7

6 * Crown with red band on disc 9

7 Crown with Inconspicuous greenish band fulvotinctus (Osb.)

7 ’ Crown brown, yellow band conspicuous 8

6 Yellow on crown and pronotum forming a

hexagonal spot occipitalis (Osb.)

6 ' Yellow on crown and pronotum forming

an oval spot alblcollls (osb.) 23

9 Inner claval margin reddish aurantllineatus sp. nov.

9’ Inner claval margin yellowish hlmertus sp. nov.

10 Pronotum with median fulvous stripe exquisltus (Osb.)

1 0 ' Pronotum marked differently 11

11 Pronotum green basally, black aplcally alimaculatus sp. nov.

II1 Pronotum colored differently 12

12 Pronotum with pale median line and 4 basal spots oncercus sp. nov.

12' Pronotum with median stripe and 4 dlscal spots hyallnus (Osb.)

13(2’)Crown with two spots 14

13' Crown with three or more spots 27

14 Pronotum with longitudinal stripes 15

14* Pronotum marked differently 22

15 Pronotum with three longitudinal stripes bakerl (osb.)

15' pronotum with one, two, or four Btripes 16

16 Face above ocelli with four reddish spots 17

16* Face above ocelli with two reddish spot6 16

17 pronotum with four short greenish stripes eburneomaculatus (Osb.)

1 7 ' Pronotum with four long reddish stripes carmenae sp. nov.

18 Head with bracket-shaped reddish spots quadrangular!s (Onb.)

16' Head with solid reddish spots 19

19 Inner claval margin reddish 2C

1 9 1 Inner claval margin not reddish 21

20 Pronotum with four longitudinal stripes nultillneatus sp. nov.

2 0 * pronotum with two longitudinal stripes bllineatus sp. nov. 2k

21 Pronotum vlth two fulvous longitudinal stripes cuprlnus sp. nov.

21* Pronotum with three greenish spots trlmeculetus sp. nov.

22(11+) pronotum with two L-shaped markings areatus (Osb.)

2 2 * pronotum marked differently 23

23 pronotum with semicircular band figuratus (Osb.)

2 3 * pronotum marked differently 2k

2k Pronotum fulvous, lighter laterally and behind eye fulvus (Osb.)

2k' Pronotum marked differently 23

23 Pronotum with transverse fulvous band

near hind margin flamaeua (Osb.)

23' Pronotum marked differently 26

26 Pronotum anteriorly with 3 faint spots tumldulus (Osb.)

26' Pronotum with inverted-V reddish spot ylrldlcatus (Osb.)

27(13')Crovn with three spots 28

27' Crown with five or more spots 30

28 Pronotum with 3 longitudinal reddish stripes princlpensls (Osb.)

26* Pronotum marked differently 29

29 Pronotum with six black spots arranged 1, 2, 3 macullfrons (Osb.)

29' Pronotum with 6 to & spots In a

different pattern multimaculatus sp. nov.

30(27) Crown with five spots mlnutus (osb.)

30* Crown with seven spots intricatus (osb.)

31(1') Crown unmarked 32

31 * Crown marked variously 42

32 Face, crown, and pronotum minutely rugose ruglfrons (Osb.)

3 2 ’ Face, crown, and pronotum not rugose 33 25

33 Forewlng vlth dork spot or dot 34

33’ Forswing without dark spot or dot 37

34 Foreving with basal dot 35

34' Forewing with dlscal dot 36

35 Reddish species flavotlnctua (Osb.)

35' Green species rotundlfrons (osb.)

36 Clavus with dark apical area; Caribbean myrclae (Cald.)

36* Clavus uniformly colored ocellatus (Osb.)

37 Basal two-thirds of forawing fuscous,

apex whitish brevlatus (Osb.)

37* Forewlng not In contrasting portions 3&

36 Genal margin and clavus striped with yellow fasclatus (Osb.)

3 8 ' Genal margin and clavus not striped 39

39 Costal margin and rest of forewlng differently colored 40

39* Costal margin and rest of forewlng concolorous 4l

40 First costal cell fuscous costalis (Osb.)

40' First costal cell lighter, not fuscous cristulatus sp. nov.

41 Ocelli set in brownish spots venesolanus sp. nov.

4l' Small brownish spot under ocelli berylllnua sp. nov.

42(31*)Crown vlth transverse fulvous spot acumlnatus (osb.)

42' Crown with two spots; Caribbean parvulus (osb.) 26

Key to the known males of Idloceropeis gen. nov. using genltallc c h m e t e r i

1 Pygofer without accessory structures, Margin entire 2

1* Pygofer with accessory structures, projections or notches 6

2 Aedeagus slightly arcuate, base produced caudad hinartus*

2* Aedeagus differently shaped, base produced cephalad 3

3 Aedeagus sickle-shaped, apical half curred cephalad breviatus

31 Aedeagus differently shaped k

U Basal half of aedeagus broad, apical half nearly at 90*

to basal half multlmaculatus

U* Aedeagus of different shape 5

; Style with outer apical process well developed costalis

5 ’ Style with outer apical process poorly developed parvulus

o(l') Aedeagus slender, with bulbous swelling near middle trimaculatus

6 ’ Aedeagus of different shape 7

7 Aedeagus with long caudal process bllineatus

7' Aedeagus of different shape 8

8 Aedeagus with apical one third to two thirds distinctly curved,

apex bent cephalad from vertical projection of base 9

8 * Aedeagus straight or apical portion angularly bent or curved

near middle and thence straight to or bent again before apex 18

9 Apical three fourths of aedeagus very slender, reaching

under base flavldus

9* Apical portion of aedeagus of different shape 10

* For author see index of species on page ibO. 27

10 Anterior accessory lobe of aedeagus very large, produced upvard

and cephalad, apex of aedeagus almost resting on It allnaculatus

10* Aedeagus without anterior or with small accessory lobe 11

11 Aedeagus sickle-shaped 12

11' Aedeagus of different shape 14

12 Pygofer quadrangular berylllnus

12* Pygofer triangular 13

13 Caudal angle of pygofer angularly bent mesad flavotlnctus

13' Pygofer with sclerotlzed hook on Inner surface

near caudal angle venezolanus

14 Apical half of pygofer almost forming a complete loop 15

I V Apical half of pygofer not so curved 16

15 Pygofer triangular, caudal angle with hook on inner surface

fascistus

15' Pygofer subquadrangular, with mesad projection near middle

of hind margin (Antillean) maricensls

16 Pygofer quadrangular, with Y-shaped apodeme fulvotlnctus

16' Pygofer triangular 17

17 Pygofer longer than broad, small upward projection

on caudal angle cuprlnus

17' Pygofer broader than long, broad ventrad inner projection

on upper margin eburneomaculatus

10 Pygofer with transparent area near apical margin intrlcatus

10' Pygofer without such area 19 28

19 Style broad on dorsal aspect, vlth two outer accessory apical

processes, pygofer triangular vlth long ventrad apical process

oncercus

19' Style narrow, vlth one outer accessory apical process 20 20 Pygofer triangular 21

20* Pygofer quadrangular 26

21 Pygofer vlth process on caudal angle 22

21' pygofer vlth process not on caudal angle 23

22 Aedeagus vlth small caudal basal projection, fine serrations

above near apex princlpensla

22' Aedeagus vlth small cephalad projection near base,

vlthout serrations near apex exqulsitus

23 Accessory process of pygofer sharp, pointed; margin

entire; aedeagus not crested 2k

23’ Accessory process of pygofer broad, not pointed; margin

notched; aedeagus with small crest above 23

2k Aedeagus tapering from base, apex bent ventrad ocellatus

2k* Aedeagus broadest medianly, narrower at both ends macullfrons

25 Aedeagus vlth caudad projection on upper margin cristulatus

25' Aedeagus vlth apical upward projection from lover margin hyalinus

26(20'} Accessory process of pygofer on ventrocaudal angle 27

261 Accessory process of pygofer on different position 26 29 27 Aedeagus vlth a horn-like projection at either aide

of apex aurantilineatua

27' Aedeagus without such structure, with minute

serrations on caudal margin multllineatus

28 Pygofer with three finger-like projections on

caudal margin myrclae

26' Pygofer with one pointed process on caudal margin albl colli s

Type localities of the species

To facilitate the location of rivers, towns and settlements given as type localities a list of the names used throughout the work Is given below. This list gives country, state, and approximate latitudes and longitudes whenever possible. All the new species described in this paper are from the State of Tgrrltorio Amazonas of Venezuela, S. A., the southernmost state of the country. The countries from which all the other species come are stated in the descriptions.

Chapada (No. 3) is the name of two different localities in Brazil and we have not been able to determine which one is the right type locality. Taperlna (No. 21) is another Brazilian locality ve have not been able to locate on available maps. Towns or settlements named Ta- perica, Taperoa, and Tapera have been found. It is possible that Ta perlna is a temporary name, a misspelling of one of the three above mentioned names or a place not on maps.

1. Anaben, Colombia, 6 7 *^5*W., k'lJ'H. A very small Colombian river settlement at the angle made by the Atabapo and the Irlnida rivers. Across the Atabapo River in front of San Fernando de Atabapo. 30

2. Bartlea, British Guiana, 5d*30'W., 6 * 30* If. Also namsd Bartlka

Grove* A small tovn on the angle formed by the Essequebo and purubl

(also called Mazarunl) rivers, at the beginning of the delta of the Es sequebo river*

3 . Chapada, Eetado Goyaz, Brazil, 49* W., 13*3* A small settlement.

There Is another tovn vlth the same name at Estado Mara..nao, at 47*15'W.,

4*45'S. We have no evidence to decide which one is the type locality.

4. Culebra, Terrltorlo Amazonas. A small flat of savanna grass immediately north of Cerro Dulda, Venezuela; this flat has been thus called because of the proximity of Pico Culebra mentioned next.

5. Culebra, Pico (Peak), Terrltorlo Amazonas, Venezuela. A small mountain peak on the northernmost side of Cerro Dulda.

6 . Cunucunuma Elver, Terrltorlo Amazonas, Venezuela. A small tributary of the Orinoco Elver. Its mouth Is about 2^0 kms. up the Ori noco from San Fernando de Atabapo, on the northern side of the river.

7. Dulda, Cerro (or Mountain), Terrltorlo Amazonas, Venezuela,

3“15’N., 66*W. An extensive sandstone mountain close to the eastern bank of the Cunucunuma Elver.

8 . Fort Principe (de Beria), Matto Grosso, Brazil, 64*30'W., 12*S.

A military fort about 75 kms. east from Elo Guapord and the frontier between Brazil and Bolivia.

9. Guapord Elver. This river is the frontier between Bolivia and

Brazil, and runs diagonally to the northwest on the square formed by

6c* and 65*W., and 10* and 5*S.

10. Machulto Elver, Matto Grosso (?), Brazil. This is apparently 31 a local name for a place ve have not been able to locate on available maps. The labels of the specimens state "Machulto R. near Rio Guapord”.

This river, probably a tributary of Rio Guapord, should not be far from

Fort Principe where a person named Haseman did some collecting around

1909.

11. Machupo River, Matto Grosso (?), Brazil. Same as 10 above.

12. Mana River, French Guiana, 53*kO'W. A river running north toward the northernmost angle of the country,

13* Marahuaca Mountain, Terrltorlo Amazonas, Venezuela, around

65"30'W., 3*30* S. The exact location of this big mountain Is contro versial. We have not been able to see aerial photos of this section of

Venezuela in order to locate it exactly. All the maps ve have seen are apparently in error in locating what seems to be this mountain. Tate

(1930) puts it about 10-lk Inns, east of Mount Dulda which we think Is pretty close. In some maps the mountain is located quite far from Dulda.

Ik. Puerto Ayacucho, the present capital of Terrltorlo Amazonas, Ve nezuela, 67*k7'w., 5*5G'N. Situated on the eastern bank of the Orino co River.

15. Rio Pledras, Puerto Rico. A section of the capital of Puerto

Rico located on the northern coast of the island.

16. San Fernando de Atabapo, Terrltorlo Amazonas, Venezuela,

67’kO'W., k*05'N. The former capital of Terrltorlo Amazonas,now re duced to a small settlement after the seat of the state government was moved to Puerto Ayacucho. Located on the eastern bank of the Atabapo

River a few miles south from where this river meets the Orinoco. 32

17* San German, Puerto Rico. A aaall town on the southeastern

quarter of the island.

16. San Miguel River, northeastern Bolivia, Plain of Mojos. Also

called Itonama and Branco River. A tributary of Rio Guapord.

19* Santarem, Para, Brazil, 5^*^5'W., 2a25'S. A town on the

southern bank of the Amazon River, about 25 kms. east of the mouth of

the Tapajos River which is an important tributary of the Amazon.

2C. Provincia del Sara, in the Department or State of Santa Cruz,

Bolivia. The capital of this province is Portachuelo, located ap proximately at l6a30'S., 62'W.

21. Taperina, Brazil. Exact location unknown to author.

22. Toro Negro Mountain, Villalba, Puerto Rico. A peak in the

named municipality on the center of the island.

23. Villa Bella, Bolivia, 66*W., and llaS. A settlement at the ca> fluence of the Mamore, Benicito, and Beni Rivers, near the northernmost corner of Bolivia on the Brazilian frontier.

The second abdominal sternal apodeme

A study of the second abdominal sternal apodeme was made to determine its specific value and the possibility of its use in correlating the two sexes. As can be seen by the illustrations In the present work, at least in the new genus under consideration, this structure is of diagnostic value, as it is different in every species. It could be valuable in identifying a specimen where the genltallc structures are lost but otherwise its use does not seem warranted or necessary. Un fortunately it can not be used to correlate the sexes as it is very reduced or almost wanting in the females of this genus. 33 Table VII

geographic distribution of the species in idloceropsls gen, nov.

Country Species

Bolivia (7) acumlnatua flame us rlridlcatus

costalla fulvotlnctus

exquisitus quadrangular!a

Brazil (18) albicollls flavldus occipitalis

areatus fulvus ocellatus

brevlatus hyallnus prlncipensls

ebumeomaculatus intrlcatus rotundlfrons

faaciatus maculifrons baker!

figuratus ml nut us tunldulus

British Guiana (1)

ruglfrons

French Guiana (1)

flavotinctus

Puerto Rico (3)

marlcensls myrciae parrulus

Venezuela (13) allmaculatus crlstulatus oncercus

aurantlllneatus cuprinus trlmaculatus

beryllinus hlnertus venezolanus

billneatus multilineatua

carmenae multlm&culatus

* For authors see index on page 1*1-0 . 3*

Description of the new genus

Idloceropsls gen. nov.

Head from slightly to distinctly vlder than pronotum; front flat or slightly convex across and bb seen In profile; face longer than vide, upper margin distinctly arcuate; upper lateral suture of clypeus di rected toward the ocellus of the same side; ocelli closer to eyes than to each other, not visible from above; antennal scape and pedicel short and cylindrical, flagellum setlform. Crown short, rounded, of uniform length throughout its width or only slightly longer or shorter at middle than next to eye; clypellus usually distinctly longer than basal width, sides shallowly concave; lora reaching to or close to middle of lateral margin of clypeus, usually not tumid or if tumid slightly so. Pronotum not tumid, shorter than scutellum; scutellum broad basally, slightly longer than pronotum, not tumid. Forewlng with four apical and two anteaplcal cells; appendix vide, reaching to second or third apical cell; elongate, not widened near center; first cross nervure sometimes missing and only one dlscal cell present as a result. Hlndvlng with four apical cells. Hind tibia flattened, rectangular In cross section, with three rows of strong spines, and a fringing row of hair-like spines, the row having the strongest spines containing usually six, all equally set.

Male genitalia: style with anterior end flat, fin-like and vertical or nearly so, rarely pointed; posterior end with a hook-like process on

Inner margin extending dorsad and caudad, its apex curved later o vent rad; the outer side of the posterior end If produced as an outer process short, lover on the shaft than the inner process, dorsally with small 35

patch of sataa. Connective horizontal, triangular, vlth apex pointing

caudad, tba antarior margin shallowly or deeply concave, styles at

tached to the hasal angles, the apax vlth a vertical process for the

attachment of the aedeagus. Aedeagus curved or almost straight, point

ing cephalad, usually wider at base, anterior or posterior accessory

processes present or absent; gonoduct extending from a point near the base to gonopore at or close to apex of aedeagus. Pygofer rectangular,

triangular or rounded aplcaUy, usually vlth accessory structures on margin; only slightly visible from below; vlth fev very short setae

near apical margin. Plates triangular, each vlth outer margin produced

upward at apex, this projection with long setae on margin.

External female genitalia: seventh sternum broad, usually narrower

near center; pygofer longer than vide, wider near center, embracing the ovipositor, glabrous or vlth two to four short spines aplcaUy; ovi positor narrow and slender, surpassing pygofers, glabrous; ovipositor much longer than abdominal sterna together.

Type of genus: Idloceropsls parvulus (Osborn)

Description of species

Idloceropsls parvulus (Osborn) n. comb., genotype

1935. Idlocerus parvulus Osborn. Sci. Surv. of P. R. and the Virgin

Islands (N. Y. Acad. Scl. 14, part 2, p. 132).

1950. Idlocerus parvulus osbom. Caldwell, Joura. Agr. Univ. p. R.

3M1): P. 26.

Caldwell's description follows; "Length 3>5 - ^ bbb. Oeneral color greenish yellow. Vertex (crown) with two large yellovlsh-oronge spots 36 extending over onto face. Pronotum hyaline in caudal half. Scuta Hu m yellov with basal angles greenish and apex Infuscate. Forewlng greenish- hyaline; costa broadly greenish, commissural margin lightly Infuseate.

Head broad; eyes very prominent, almost overlapping entire lateral margins of pronotum. Vertex four times as broad as long. Female stemlte

VII truncate apically. Male pygofer broadly rounded posteriorly on either side. Plate short, broad. Style bifid apically with a small curved finger-like projection reaching beyond basal apex of plate.

Aedeagus long, posteriorly, projecting dorsad with apex slightly bent cephalad." Figures 1 to 6 (from Caldwell).

This svecles Is similar to Idloceropsls fulvus (osb.), I. quadr- angularls (osb.), I. cuprlnus sp. nov., and I. acumlnatus (osb.) In having two large spots on the face but it can be separated from them by the characters in the key. The aedeagus of I. cuprlnus sp. nov. resembles that of this species but other parts of the genitalia will separate them. The bifid apex of the valve is unique.

Holotype - female, San German, Puerto Rico, April 17, 1930, Cornell

University, Lot 795# Sub. 36, W. T. M. Forbes collector. This species is abundant and has been collected repeatedly from all over Puerto Rico.

Idloceropsls beryllinus sp. nov.

Male: crown short, as long at middle as near eyes; face elongate, lateral margins of clypeus almost straight to clypellus; lateral sutures of clypeus extending to ocelli; clypellus Bllghtly expanded listally, length slightly more than twice basal width; lore reaching to above mid dle of lateral edges of clypeus. pronotum three times as long as crown, 37 twice m wide as long, hind Kargin almost straight, scutellum slightly longer than pronotum; wings extending well beyond apex of abdomen.

Head, thorax, body, and legs pale or yellowish green; with a very small brownish spot under each ocellus; forewlng straw-colored, transparent, veins near tip of wing conspicuous, others transparent; valve and plate greenish. Female: similar In body proportions to male. Straw-colored, scutellum greenish with brownish triangular spot on basal angles; thoracic and abdominal venters yellowish, seventh sternum brownish, ovipositor brownish; pygofer pale yellowish green, darker toward apex.

Length; male, 5*3 ™ * i female, 5*9

Male genitalia: style slender, of almost uniform width throughout; connective deeply concave at basal margin; aedeagus long, slender and curved, with a caudad projection on dorsal surface at midlength; pygofer quadrangular, with lower apical corner projecting Into a hooked process (figs. 7# 6 , 9, U , 12). Second abdominal sternal apodeme reaching to base of fourth sternum, elongate, bluntly round inner projection at apex (fig. 1 0 ).

Idloceropsls venexolanua sp. nov., I. fulvotinctus (osb.), and I. berylllnus sp. nov. could be confused because all three have a very

similar coloration but the small brownish spot under the ocelli will

separate the latter. The aedeagus of this species looks somewhat like

that of I. flavotlnctus (osb.) but the shape of the pygofer the

style will separate It from this as well as from the two species mentioned above. Idloceropsls rotund!frons (osb.), described from a

female, could also be confused with this species but the characters mentioned In the key In addition to the high crown of I. rotundifrona 38 will separate them.

Holotype - male, allotype female, and one mala paratype, northern slopes of Mount Marahuaca, May 1 - 25, 1950, In U. S. National Museum collection (Cat. No. 62641); one male paratype, same data, In the author's collection.

Idloceropsls sllmaculatus sp. nov.

Male: crown relatively short, slightly longer at middle than next to eyes; face slightly longer than wide, lateral suture of clypeus not attaining ocellus, lateral margin suddenly curved mesad near base of clypellus; clypellus slightly widened distally, slightly longer than basal width, subquadrate; lora short, reaching to abruptly incurved portion of the lateral margin of clypeus. pronotum twice as long as crown, slightly more than two and one-half times as wide as long, hind margin almost straight; scutellum broad at base, equal in length to pronotum. Crown green, with anterior two-thirds darker than basal third, with small elongate brownish spot in midposterior margin; face stramineouB except for green basal margin extending ventrad to ocelli; pronotum with narrow anterior margin green, remaining portion darkening to almost black near posterior margin; scutellum dark green with lighter triangular spot on basal angle and blackish transverse line on disc; forewlng mostly transparent, veins yellowish, areas on clavus, center and apex of wing black (fig. 17)* Thorax pale green or stramineous, legs uniformly straw-colored except for black apex of hind tibia; abdominal sterna yellowish except penultimate which is orange, valve and 39 plat* dirty orange. Length: 3.8 mm.

Hale genitalia: style on lateral aspect wider at tooth ends, apical process relatively large, two groups of setae on dorsal surface; con nective concave at toasal margin; pygofer quadrangular, with an L-shaped

sclerotlxed structure on inner surface of caudodorsal angle connected with the similar structure of the other side; aedeagus long and slender, with a well developed anterior accessory lotoe (figs. 14, 1 5 , 16, 19, 20,

21)• Second atodominal sternal apodeme reaching to apex of third

sternum, elongate, inner margin undulate (fig. 1 6).

Idloceropsls flavotlnctus (Osto.), I. myrciae (Caldwell), I. tumidulus (Osto.), I. ocellatua (osto.), and I. cristulatus sp. nov. also

have spots on the forewlngs tout tne spots on these are small and round

Instead of relatively extensive areas. The shape of the aedeagus and the pygofer, in I. allmaculatus sp. nov., is very different from that of these species.

Holotype - male, savanna of Culebra, north of Mount Dulda, April

7 - 16, 195°# in U. S. National Museum (Cat. No. 62642). Paratype - male, same data, in the author's collection.

Idloceropsls multi11neatus sp. nov.

Male: crown short, very slightly longer at middle than next to eye; face wider than long, lateral edge of clypeus angularly bent at a point closer to clypeus than to antenna, its upper extremity almost reaching ocellus; clypelluB very slightly widened distally, twice as long as basal width; lora reaching to angular bend of lateral edge of clypeus. Pronotum four times as long as crown, slightly more than ko twice as wide ae long, hind margin straight; scutellum as long as pro notum. Crown green, with two broad orange-red longitudinal stripes extending over margin to the Inner margin of the ocelli; remainder of face, clypellus, lora, and gena straw-colored; pronotum green, with two longitudinal orange-red stripes that axe continuations of those on the head and with an oval spot of the same color behind eye; scutellum light green with a triangular brownish spot near basal angle; forewlng with inner half of clavus orange-red, outer half leaf-green, fuacous near apical end; an orange-red stripe on corlum contiguous to claval suture, a black spot near first crossnervure, veins darker toward apex of wing. Thoracic venter and sides straw-colored, legs stramineous except brown apex of hind tibia; basal abdominal sterna blackish, apical ones, paler, valve and plates pale green. Length; 3-8 mm. (See figs. 27 and 26 ).

Male genitalia; style widest near center on lateral aspect; con nective shallowly concave on basal margin; aedeagus slender, almost straight, Inclined cephalad, with about eight small striations dorsally near apex; pygofer quadrangular, with an Internal blunt hook on caudo- ventral angle (figs. 22, 23, 2h, 25, 26),

Idloceropsls baker! (osb.), I. prlncipensls (osb.), I. figuratus

(Osb.), I. cannenae sp. nov., and I. aurantlllneatus sp. nov. are green species lined with orange-red but as can be seen in the key their patterns of lines are different. The last two species have reddish longitudinal stripes on the forewlngs but their patterns of stripes on the head and pronotum are different. The shape of the aedeagus of 41

I. multillneatua is similar to that of I. principansis (Osb.) and I . hlmertus sp. nov. but the pygofer is very different.

Holotype - male, collected in the savanna of Culebra, April

7 - 16, 1950, in U. S. National Museum (Cat. No. 628*13).

Idloceropsis carmenae sp. nov.

Female: crovn short, slightly longer next to eyes than at middle, face longer than vide, lateral margin of clypeus gently arcuate, lateral suture of clypeus not attaining ocellus; clypellus slightly expanded distally, almost twice as long as vide; lora reaching to about mid length of lateral edges of clypeus. Pronotum twice as long as crovn, two and one-half times as vide as long, nind margin almost straight; scutellum longer than pronotum. Crovn green with two transverse elongate orange-red spots, face with these two spots visible and two more of same color and shape Just above ocelli, portion belov ocelli stramineous except clypellus that Is brownish apically; pronotum with four equi distant longitudinal orange-red stripes, inner two constricted at middle, outer two shorter; scutellum pale green, with stramineous spot on disc; forewlng with broad orange-red stripe along inner margin of clavus, contiguous to this a broad leaf-green band, remaining parts of clavus along outer margin transparent; claval suture tinted with orange-red; costal margin green, a conspicuous brown spot at base and another at first crossnervure, veins fuscous toward apex, a small portion of R op posite end of clavus ivory white. Thoracic venter and sides, and legs stramineous, apex of hind tibia fuscous; abdominal sterna yellowish, seventh sternum with a small brownish area near center of hind margin, If2 pale green; pygofer straw-colored vlth a longitudinal brovnlah stripe on center; ovipositor light brown, darker toward base. Length: 5-2 mm. (See figs. 29, 30.)

Female genitalia; seventh sternum broadly and shallowly concave behind, ovipositor one and one-half times as long as abdominal sterna combined (fig. 31)*

This species belongs to the group of those prominently lined with orange-red that are discussed and compared above with Idloceropsls multi11neatus sp. nov. to which it Is closely related but separable by the coloration of the head and abdominal star.-ia, and size.

Holotype • female, collected from the savanna of Culebra, north of

Mount Dulda, April 7-16, 1950 in the U. S. National Museum (Cat. No.

628M0*

Idloceropsls multlmaculatus sp. nov.

Male; crown short, slightly longer next to eye than at center; face slightly longer than wide, lateral edges of clypeus gently arcuate, ex tremities of clypeus almost reaching ocelli; clypellus very slightly widened dlstally, sides almost straight, nearly twice as long as basal width; lora reaching to middle of lateral edges of clypeus; gena with slight indentation on margin near middle. Pronotum twice as long as crown, slightly more than twice as wide as long, hind margin almost straight; scutellum longer than pronotum. Crovn with an inverted J- shaped fuscous spot near each eye, this spot may appear as two smaller

6pots, a small spot on either side of median line, and median slender longitudinal stripe; face with one square area black and spotted with *3 low above ocellus, on inverted T-shaped, black fascia median3y from dv ocelli to crown, lower port of clypeus with Incomplete fuscous b; black spot between base of antenna and eye; clypellus brown; lora ylsh, darker toward apex; gena with a large round black spot under

; orange markings near ocelli and below upper lateral edges of peus. Pronotum with pale yellowish margin, disc grayish, with four erlor black spots; scutellum pale yellowish, with a triangular brown t near basal angles; forewlng transparent, with a light brownish ge, veins dark, base of clavus yellow, costal margin broad and enish. Meseplstemum black, other portions of sides and venter of rax stramineous; legs straw-colored, hind tibia greenish; abdominal m a light brown with whitish margins, valve similarly colored, plates wnlsh. Female: with similar pattern of black spots but the ground or Is darker so the pattern Is less striking, without orange spots face; abdominal sterna brown, ovipositor dark brown; costal area tmlsh, claval suture with a black spot near base. Length: male

mm., female 5*8 nan. (See figs. 3 6 , 3 8 , 3 9 , 40.)

Male genitalia: style with well developed long and stout Inner dal process, with three groups of short setae above; connective llowly concave on basal margin; aedeagus in lateral aspect with a e base and with the terminal half slender and almost at right angle the basal half, with a caudally pointed serration above the basal

pygofer semicircular, notched above and below on posterior margin gs. 32, 3 3 , 31** 37). Second abdominal sternal apodeme reaching to e of third abdominal sternum, triangular (fig. 35). 44

Two other species, Idloceropsls intrlcatus (Osb.) and. I. maculi-

frons (Osb.), have similar intricate designs of spots on the face; I.

Intrlcatus (Osb.) is different in having the crovn with seven spots

and I. maculifrons in having six spots on the pronotum.

Holotype - male, from savanna of Culebra, July 1.4, 1950 in

the U. S. National Museum (Cat. No. 62645). Allotype - female, in the

U. S. National Museum, and a male paratype, from the northern slopes of

Mount Marahuaca, May 1 - 25, 1950 in the author's collection.

Idloceropsls aurantlllneatus sp. nov.

Male: crovn short, slightly longer at center than next to eye; face

longer than vide, lateral margins of clypeus slightly arcuate, their

dorsal extremities not reaching ocelli; clypellus vlth basal width tvo-

thirds its length, sides almost straight, as vide at base as at apex;

lora reaching to middle of lateral margins of clypeus; gena with slight

indentation on lateral margin near middle. Pronotum slightly less than

tvrf.ce as long as crown, over three times as vide as long, hind margin

shallovly concave; scutellum nearly twice as long as pronotum. Crovn

leaf-green, with a broad anterior transverse orange-red band; face above

upper lateral suture of clypeus leaf-green, above ocellus vlth a quad

rangular orange-red spot; eyes orange-red, remaining portions of face

stramineous; pronotum leaf-green, vlth vide orange-red transverse band

extending to basal angles of scutellum; scutellum leaf-green, with a

small orange spot near center and a triangular straw-colored spot near basal angle; clavus leaf-green, vlth a narrov orange longitudinal

stripe on inner side, corlum vlth an orange-red longitudinal stripe ad- *5

Jacent to the clavus, costal margin vlth a small greenish spot near base, costa not very vide, remaining portions of forewlng transparent, veins orange; thorax, legs, sterna, and genitalia stramineous. Length;

4.9 mm. (See figs. 47, 48.)

Male genitalia: style vide behind middle, vlth a deep depression on outer apical margin In front of Inner process; connective shallowly concave on basal margin; aedeagus narrower near apex, apex with a small hook projecting cephalad and one slender appendage on either side; pygofer with a long upcurved internal process arising from the lover posterior angle (figs. 4l, 42, 43, 44, 46). Second abdominal sternal apodeme reaching to apex cf fourth sternum, elongate, Inner margin undulate (fig. *+5 ).

Like Idloceropsls bakerl (Osb.), I. mult111neatus sp. nov., I. prlnclpensis (Osb.), I. figuratus (Osb.), and I. carmenae sp. nov. this species is lined with orange-red, but the transverse band on the crovn will separate this species from them. I. hlmertus sp. nov. also has a transverse band on the crovn but does not have the Inner margin of the clavus red. The genitalia of aurantillneatus sp. nov. are different from those of all these species.

Holotype - male, collected in the savanna of Culebra, north of

Mount Dulda, April 7 - 16, 195<->, in the U. S. National Museum (Cat. No.

62646).

Idloceropsls oncercus sp. nov.

Male: crovn relatively long, very slightly longer at middle than k6 next to eye; face longer than vide, lateral margin of clypeus suddenly curved mesad near clypellus, clypeus tumid at apex; lateral suture of clypeus not reaching ocellus; clypellus longer than vide, widened distally, sunken, with a few very short setae; lora reaching above middle of lateral margins of clypeus, Inflated. Pronotum slightly more than tvlce as long as crovn, three times as vide as long, hind margin very shallowly concave, scutellum as long as pronotum and crovn combined.

Crovn straw*colored, with a very faint darker mesal stripe; face uni formly light brown, gena lighter apically; pronotum stramlneouB, an teriorly with two irregular dark spots on either side of faint brownish median line; scutellum stramineous, with darker triangular spots near basal angles; forevlngs transparent, stramineous, each with fulvous basal area, a small fulvous spot on base of inner anteapical cell, larger fulvous areas at the end of the clavus and apex of wing, veins faint. Thoracic venter and sides, and legs stramineous; abdominal sterna yellowish. Female: body proportions and coloration as in male; seventh abdominal sternum brownish, pygofer yellowish, ovipositor brownish.

Length; male 3.5 mm., female 3.8 mm. (See figs. 5^, 55, 56.)

Male genitalia: style in dorsal aspect much broader than in any of the other species, inner apical process long, two outwardly pro jecting processes in front of apical process of shank of style; con nective deeply concave on basal margin; aedeagus long, slender, curved cephalad; pygofer aljnost triangular, with a long process projecting downward from apex (figs. U9, 50, 51/ 52, 57)* Second abdominal sternal apodeme reaching to apex of third sternum, tapering to apex that curves J+7 slightly mesad on its longitudinal axis (fig. 53)*

The uniform brownish coloration of the body, the fulvous spots on the forevings and the swollen lora will suffice to separate this species from any other in the genus. The aedeagus of this species somewhat resembles those of IdloceropsiB cuprinus sp. nov., I. albicollis

(Osb.), and I. myrclae (Caldwell) but otherwise the genitalia are very different.

Holotype - male and allotype female, from San Fernando de Atabapo,

June 5, 1950, in the U. S. National Museum (Cat. No. 628^7).

Idioceropsls himertus sp. nov.

Male: crown short, as long at center as next to eye; face longer than wide, lateral margins of clypeus slightly angular at a point closer to clypellus than to antenna; lateral suture of clypeus reaching to ocellus; clypellus almost twice as long as basal width, widened distally; lora reaching to middle of lateral margins of clypeus; lateral genal margin shallowly concave. Pronotum about four times as long as crown, not twice as wide as long, hind margin very shallowly concave, almost straight; scutellum one third longer than pronotum. Crown leaf-green, with a broad anterior orange-red transverse band; face stramineous from below the band to the lover margin of the head, each ocellus in a brownish small spot, lover margin of head brownish; first segment of beak with brown sides, last segment straw-colored; pronotum green with a transverse wavy orange-red band on anterior third; scutellum green, with yellowish spot near basal angle, apex dark brown; forevlng trans parent, tinged with brown, a whitish spot on outer apical cell, basal ltd

angle of corium green, coatal margin vide, veins brownish except In two or three small areas near apex. Thorax on aides and venter, and legs

stramineous, apex of hind tibia and Its row of stouter spines brown; abdominal sterna and valve yellowish, lnfuscated before margin and with margin whitish, plates yellowish with small oval spot on basal angles.

Female: crown short, as in male; face slightly longer than vide, lateral margins of clypeus arcuate; lateral suture of clypeus attaining ocellus;

clypellus with basal width two-thirds its length, expanded distally; lora reaching to middle of lateral margin of clypeus. Pronotum as In male; scutellum slightly longer than pronotum. Color of head, pronotum,

scutellum, forevlng, thoracic pleurae and sterna, legs, and abdominal

sterna as In male; genital segments stramineous. Length: male, 5.8 mm., female, 6.3 mm* (See figs. 6 3, 64.)

Male genitalia: apex of inner apical process of style not rounded

as in the other species, lobed; aedeagus slender, slightly arcuate, with about ten strlatlons on upper surface near apex; pygofer wider

than long, without accessory processes, with very small spines on pos-

terior margins (figs. 5 8 to 6l). Second abdominal sternal apodeme

reaching to base of fourth sternum, rectangular, with two rounded con

cavities on inner margin (fig. 62). Female genitalia: hind margin of

seventh sternum straight (fig. 65).

This species and Idlocercpsis aurantilineatus sp. nov. iiave very

similar color patterns on the head and pronotum; the latter has the

inner margin of clcvus and the claval suture reddlBh, and the genitalia

are different. The contrast of the green crown, pronotum, and scutellum 49 with the fuscous wing Is striking. The aedeagus of I. prlnclpensis (osb.) and I. multillneatus sp. nov. are similar to that of I. himertus sp. nov. but other parts of the genitalia differ.

Holotype - male, collected along the shores of the upper Cunucu-

numa River, 10 to 12 kms. east from the savanna of Culebra, April 20,

1950, in the U. S. National Museum (Cat. No. 62846). Allotype - female,

from the savanna of Culebra, north of Mount Dulda, July 1-4, 1950, in

the U. S. National Museum.

Idioceropsis cuprinus sp. nov.

Male: crown wide, longer at center than next to eye; face slightly

longer than wide, lateral margin of clypeus straight, its dorsal ex tremity not reaching ocellus; clypellus slightly longer than basal width, slightly wider at base than at apex; lora reaching to middle of lateral margin of clypeus, apically separated from genal margin. Pro- notum less than twice as long as crown, slightly more than twice as vide as long, hind margin almost straight; scutellum slightly longer than pronotum. Crown green, with two wide coppery spots extending ventrad to ocelli; face below ocelli light brown; pronotum with four

fulvous or coppery short longitudinal stripes, with narrow orange - yellow areas on anterior margin behind eyes, lateral margins brownish, remaining parts greenish; scutellum coppery, with a black triangular

spot on each basal angle, disc with two contiguous round spots; forewing with a light fulvous tinge to blackish narrow stripe across wing

from tip of clavus to costal margin, thence hyaline to apex, costal margin yellowish to about middle, thence fuscous to apex, veins 50 inconspicuous. Thorax on sldss and venter black; legs dark straw- colored, hind femur blackish; abdominal sterna blackish brown with nar row yellowish apical margin, valve brownish with yellow margin* Female: clypellus slightly wider at apex them at base; details of crown and clypeus as in male; pronotum three times as long as crown, slightly more than twice as wide as long, hind margin almost straight; scutellum as in male. Crown, face, pronotum, and scutellum colored as in male, but with green areas darker; forewing, thorax on sides and venter, and abdominal sterna as in male; pygofer brown with yellow apex, ovipositor black. Length: male 3*3 mm., female 3*35 mm. (See figs. 71, 72*)

Male genitalia: styles narrow, slender, with well developed apical process, above with a row of short setae from about middle to apex; aedeagus slender, curved, wider near base; pygofer triangular, the apical angle with a short upwardly produced process (flgB. 66 to 6 9).

Second abdominal sternal apodeme reaching to middle of third sternum, inner margin zigzag, outer roundly curved to tip on inner side (fig.7 0 ).

Female genitalia; hind margin of seventh sternum straight (fig. 73)*

This beautiful coppery and green small species is similar to

Idioceropsis acuminatus (Osb.), I. areatus (osb.), I. fulvus (Osb.),

. quadrangular!s (osb.), and I . parvulus (Osb.) in having two large spots on the upper face. The genitalia of I. parvulus (Osb.) are dif ferent. The other four species can be separated by color details of the head, pronotum, wings, and by the genitalia. Some of the par a types present the following color variation: pronotum green or olive green with two faint longitudinal coppery stripes not reaching the apical margin, w ider on the basal half and separated by a space about one-half 51 their basal width. These spots are not well defined If the ground color of the pronotum Is olive green. The genitalia show no variation.

Holotype - male, allotype female, and two male paratypes, from the northern slopes of Mount Marahuaca, May 1 - 25, 1950, In the U. S.

National Museum (Cat. No. 6261*9). one male and one female with same data in author's collection.

Idloceropsis trimaculatus sp. nov.

Male: crown moderately long, median length equal to length next to eyes; face slightly wider than long, lateral margin of clypeus slightly arcuate, its dorsal extremities not reaching ocelli; clypellus longer than basal width, wider aplcally than at base; lora reaching to middle of lateral margin of clypeus, separated from outer genal margin. Pro- notura two and one-half times as long as crown, three times wider than long, hind margin shallowly concave; scutellum longer than pronotum.

Crown green, with two wide fulvous spots not reaching to ocelli; ocelli surrounded by reddish spots; face below ocelli stramineous; pronotum fulvous with oval area behind each eye and short anterior median longitudinal stripe greenish; scutellum pale greenish, basal angles fulvous, with darker triangular spot near each basal angle; forewing with pale brownish tinge, darker at apex, translucent, costal area greenish, longitudinal veins of two inner apical cells brownish; ap pendix fuscous, darker where it meets the clavuB. Thoracic pleura and sterna, and abdominal sterna straw-colored or very pale green.

Length: 3.1* mm. (See figs. 77, 78, 80.)

Male genitalia: style with inner apical process elongate, flat- 52 tened dorsoventr&lly at apex, with sinuate apical margin; aedeagus very slender, with a 'bulbous swelling near middle, curved cephalad near apex; pygofer quadrangular, upper margin sinuate above near apex, and with a spine-like inner process (figs. 7*S 75* 76, 8l, 62). Second abdominal sternal apodeme reaching to middle of third sternum, angularly bent near middle, slender (fig. 79)*

This species belongs in the same group as idioceropsls cuprinus sp. nov. and is also closely related to the same five species discus sed under that species. It can be separated from the first species by the greenish sterna and from the others by slight color differences, as pointed out in the key, and by means of the genitalia.

Holotype - male, upper Cunucunuma River, 10 to 12 kms. north from

Mount Marahuaca, April 28, 1950, in U. S. National Museum (Cat. No. 62850).

Idioceropsls crlstulatus sp. nov.

Male: crown short, longer next to eyes than at center; face longer than wide, lateral margins of clypeus almost straight, their dorsal extremities not reaching ocelli; clypellus twice as long as basal width, widened dietally, clypeal suture obsolete; lora reaching above middle of lateral margins of clypeus. pronotum almost three times as long as

crown, more than twice as wide as long; scutellum longer than pronotum

and crown together. Crown, face, and pronotum green; scutellum green with stramineous triangular spot near basal angle; fcrewing trans parent, with a light brown tinge, veins brownish, a small dark area on

appendix close to claval apex. Thoracic pleura and sterna, and legs 53 light green, spines on hind tibia brownish; abdominal sterna light brownish. Length: 4*7 mm.

Male genitalia: style short, apical process very large compared with the rest of the style; aedeagus in lateral aapect stout at base, angularly bent at two points, with a small crest-like projection near apex; connective with basal margin deeply concave; pygofer triangular, upper margin with a spatulate internal projection (figs. 63 to 86).

Second abdominal sternal apodeme reaching to apex of third sternum, cubtriangular, as In figure 8 7 .

This species is somewhat similar to idioceropsls rotund!frons

(Osb.) but the latter species lacks the dark spot near the disc of the forewing. Face, crown, and prothorax are uniformly green as in I. ocellatua (Osb.) but I. crlstulatus sp. nov. is longer and has the veins of the forewlng brownish as pointed out in the key; the genitalia of these two species are very different. I. crlstulatus is somewhat similar to I. venezolanus sp. nov.

Holotype - male, collected on the northern blopes of Mount Mara- huaca, May 1 - 25, 1950, in U. S. National Museum (Cat. No. 62851).

Paratypes - 2 males, one from savanna of Culebra, April 7 - 16, 1950, and the other with same data as holotype In the author's collection.

Idioceropsls venezolanus sp. nov.

Male: crown short, as long at middle as next to eye; face longer than wide, lateral margins of clypeus slightly arcuate; their dorsal ex tremities almost reaching ocelli; clypellus nearly twice as long as basal width, expanded dietally; lora reaching above middle of lateral margins 5* of clypeus* Pronotum three times as long as crown, slightly over two and one-half times as wide as long; scutellum longer than pronotum and

crown combined. Crown, face, and pronotum green, ocelli surrounded by brownish spot; scutellum light brownish with green apex; forewlng transparent, with a light brown tinge, veins brownish. Thoracic pleura

and sterna, and legs pale green or stramineous; abdominal sterna light green with blackish margins. Length: 5.3 mm. (See figs. 9 2, 93*)

Male genitalia: style long and slender, with an outward projection near middle; aedeagus sickle-shaped; pygofer produced apically, with an internal sharp Inwardly curved spine near apex (figs. 66, 8 9, 9C» 9 M •

Second abdominal sternal apodeme reaching to base of fourth sternum, elongate, slender, and incurved at apex (fig. 91)*

The type material of this specle3 displays three different general body colors; stramineous, pale green, and light brown. This species resembles Idioceropsls crlstulatus sp. nov. and I. rotundlfrons (osb.) and can be separated from these by details on the wing as pointed out in the key and by the genitalia.

Holotype - male, and one male paratype from savanna of Culebra, north of Mount Duida, April 7 - 16, 195°, in U. S. National Museum

(Cat. No. 62852). One male paratype from the northern slopes of Mount

Marahuaca, May 1 - 25* 1950, deposited in the author's collection.

Idioceropsls bilineatus sp. nov.

Male: crown slightly longer at middle than next to eye; face slightly longer than wide, lateral edge of clypeus straight, its upper 55 extremities not reaching ocelli; clypellus slightly wider at base than at apex, one and one-half times as long as basal width; lora not reaching to middle of lateral edges of clypeus. Pronotum slightly less than twice as long as crown, over twice as wide as long, hind margin shallowly concave at middle; scutellum longer than pronotum. Crown green, with two broad coppery-red longitudinal stripes extending over margin to the inner margins of ocelli, a narrow inconspicuous yellowish band from ocellus to ocellus; ocelli each surrounded by a reddish spot; rest of face stramineous, slightly darker near antennal bases; pronotum deep green with two coppery-red longitudinal stripes continuous with those on the crown; scutellum pale green; clavus with inner half pale coppery-red, outer half green; membrane translucent, with a light brown tinge, costal margin greenish, veins inconspicuous. Thoracic pleura and sterna, and abdominal sterna pale greenish-yellow. Length; 3*2 mm. (Figs. 99, 100.)

Kale genitalia: inner posterior process of style long, almost one- third of total length of style, ending in a sharp point; connective with sides undulate, basal margin slightly concave; aedeagus with broad base, apical portion slender, almost vertical, base with a posterior decurved, accessory projection pointed caudad; pygofer triangular, with apical angle bllobed, upper lobe with a sclerotized projection on inner surface with a U-shaped apical indentation; inner surface of plate with a knob-shaped structure, against which the inner posterior process of the style seems to rest (figs. 95, 9 6 , 97, 101). Second abdominal sternal apodeme short, reaching to middle of third abdominal sternum, 56 semicircular (fig. 9 8 )*

This species resembles Idioceropsls vlrldlcetus (osb.) but the longitudinal stripes on the pronotum do not meet anteriorly as they do

In the latter. The aedeagus of this species differs from all other species in having a long accessory projection pointing caudad.

Holotype - male, from the northern slopes of Mount Marahuaca, May

1 - 25, 1950, in U. S. National Museum (Cat. No. 6 2 6 5 3 ). Paratype - male, same data, deposited in the author's collection.

Idioceropsls hyalinus (Osborn) n. comb.

1923. Idlocerus hyalinus Osborn. Ann. Carnegie Mus. 15(1): P* 15*

Male:crown short, anterior and posterior margins parallel; face longer than wide; lateral margins of clypeus almost straight, lateral extremities reaching ocelli; clypellus widened dlstally, nearly twice as long as basal width; lorae elongate, reaching above center of lateral edge of clypeus. Pronotum three times as long as crown, over twice as wide as long, hind margin shallowly concave, scutellum longer than head and pronotum combined. Crown greenish yellow, with median anterior longitudinal black line; face with a broad sinuate black band extending between eyes, ocelli each surrounded by a black dot, remainder of face pale stramineous; pronotum greenish yellow, with a broken median dark line, two dark triangular spots near hind margin, two oval transverse brownish spots near anterior border a little nearer to the midline;

scutellum greenish, with triangular fulvous patches on basal angles

and across hind part of disc; forewlng transparent, with a black dot on basal angle, costal margin greenish, all veins brownish. Length: 57 6.0 ram. (See figs. 106 and 107.)

Male genitalia: style much broader near apex than basally, Inner apical process stout; aedeagus stouter at base, gradually tapering to the beginning of the bent apical half, crested near apex; connective deeply concave on basal margin; pygofer triangular, with a deep notch near apex on upper margin and a broad appendage curving upward that seems to fit into the notch (figs. 1 0 2 , 1 0 3 , IOU, 1 0 5 , 1 0 8 ).

The aedeagus and style of this species are similar to t.ose of

Idioceropsls crlstulatus sp. nov. but t:;ey can be easily separated by ti.e shape of the pygofer. Osborn states that Idlocerua duzel Pro* vancher has some resemblance to Idioceropsls hyalinus (osb.)

Holotype - male and female allotype along Rio Guapor^, below Rio San

Miguel, Brazil, August 22, 1909 by Haseman, Carnegie Mus. Acc. No. 40^3.

Two male and two female poratypes, from Rio Matupo, Brazil, in Carnegie Mus.

Idlocercpsls quodrangularls (Qsborn) u. comb.

1923. Idlocerus quadrangularis Osborn. Ann. Carnegie Mus. 15(1): p. 13*

Female: crown very slightly longer at center than next to eyes; free in profile uniformly curved from crown to tip of clypellus, as long os wide, lateral margins of clypeus arcuate, their dorsal extremities not reaching ocelli; clypellus one and one-half times as long as bosol width, slightly wider at apex than at base; lcra reaching above middle of lateral margin of clypeus, slightly swollen, pronotum about twice as long as crown, nearly three times as wide as long, hind murgin snal- lowly concave; scutellum one-third longer than pronotum. Crown light green with two bracket-shuped fulvous spots; clypeus straw-colored, lateral margins black; clypellus infuscated; untennal sockets black; 58 pronotum light green, with four faint reddish longitudinal stripes, tinged vith reddish at sides; scutellum brownish green basally, apex light green, a triangular black spot near each basal angle; foreving transparent, vith a brownish smoky tinge, base of costa brown, base of costal cells and costal vein green. Pleura, abdominal sterna, and coxae blackish, legs greenish, hind femur and tip of tibia brownish; pygofer dull green, ovipositor brownish. Length; 4.0 mm, (See figs. 109, 110.)

Female genitalia: anterior and posterior margins of seventh sternum not straight, slightly angled inwardly (fig. 1 1 1 ).

The very distinctive bracket-shaped spots on the crown suffice to separate this species from others.

Holotype - and three paratypes females, from Provincia del Sara,

Bolivia, December 1913, Stelnbach collector, in the Carnegie Museum (Acc.

No. 5064); one female paratype from Villa Bella, Bolivia in Carnegie Mus.

Idioceropsls acurainatus (Osborn) n* comb.

1923. Idiocerus acuminatus Osborn. Ann. Carnegie Mus. 15(1): p. 21.

Female: crown short, very slightly longer at middle tnan next to eye; face longer than wide, lateral edges of clypeus arcuate, their upper extremities reaching half way to ocelli; clypellus very slightly widened distally, sides almost straight, one and one-t.alf times as long as basal width; lora reaching to middle of lateral edges of clypeus, swollen, pronotum more than twice as long as crown, slightly more than three times as wide as long, hind margin concave; scutellum as long as pronotum and crown combined. Crown green, with one broad fulvous transverse band partially divided above on median line; remainder of face, pronotum, and scutellum light green, unmarked; forewing trans 59 parent, vith a greenish tinge, veins inconspicuous. Sides and venter of thorax, legs, and abdomen greenish. Length: *t,0 nsn. (See figs. 112, 113)

Female genitalia: hind margin of seventh sternum concave (fig. llU).

Osborn wrote "size and form of areutus sp. nov* but vith no markings on pronotum and the spots of the crown meeting at the middle."

Idioceropsis fulvus (osb.), I. quadrangularis (Osb.), I. parvulus (osb.) and I. cuprinuB sp. nov. are similar to this species but their two spots on the crown are separate; other details on the pronotum and foreving as pointed out in the key will separate these species.

Holotype - female, from Frovlncla del Sara, Bolivia, November

1912, collected by Stelnbach, in Carnegie Museum (Acc. No. 506U).

Idioceropsis flavidus (Osborn) n. comb.

1 9 2 3 . Idlocerus flavidus Osborn. Ann. Carnegie Mus. 15(1): p. I1*

Male: head slightly wider than pronotum; crown with anterior and posterior margins parallel; face slightly longer than vide, lateral edges of clypeus strongly curved, lateral sutures of clypeus not at taining ocelli; clypellus widened distally, slightly longer than apical width; lora reaching to about middle of lateral edge of clypeus. Pro notum three times as long as crown, almost three times as vide as long, hind margin almost straight; scutellum slightly longer than crown and pronotum combined. Crown, pronotum, and scutellum light yellow, un marked, strongly contrasting with black basal parts of foreving; face unmarked, faintly tinged with fulvous; ocelli black; foreving trans lucent, blackish, small areas near apex, and appendix whitish, inner margin of clavus almost opaque black to apex of scutellum, thence 6o brownish to apex, costal margin and apical calls opaque black. Tains brown on white areas of wing. Thorax on sides and Tenter, legs, and abdominal sterna yellowish; tips of plates brownish. Length: if. 5 mm. (See fig. 116.)

Male genitalia: styles very narrow on dorsal aspect, with outer caudal process broad and well produced caudad; aedeagus with well developed base, apical three-fourths very slender and curved in such a way that Its apex extends under the base; connective shallowly con cave on basal margin; pygofer triangular, with a long, pointed in wardly curved accessory process from middle of lower margin (figs.

11^, 116, 117# 120). Second abdominal sternal apodeme reaching to apex of third sternum, rectangular. Inner margin straight, outer margin

S-shaped (fig. 119)*

Idioceropsls flavidus (Osb.) and I . marlcensis (Caldwell) can be distinguished from all the other species of the genus by the yellow of the head, pronotum, and scutellum strongly contrasting with the black basal parts of the foreving. The former has the gena of the same color of the face and I. marlcensis (Cald.) has the gena and lora blackish.

Holotype and paratype - males, Brazil, along Rio Guapord, below

Rio San Miguel, September 22, 1909* Haseman collector, In Carnegie

Museum (Acc. No* ^0^3)*

Idioceropsis macullfrons (Osborn) n. comb.

1923. Idlocerus macullfrons Osborn. Ann. Carnegie Mus. 15(1): p. I1*.

Male: head much wider than pronotum; crown relatively long, with anterior and posterior margins parallel; face one and one-half times 61 longer than wide; lateral edge of clypeus almost straight; lateral suture of clypeus not reaching ocellus; clypellus slightly widened basally, one and one-half times longer than wide; lora reaching to mid dle of lateral margin of clypeus. pronotum over two and one-half times as long as crown, slightly more than twice as broad as long, hind margin almost straight; scutellum equal in length to crown and pro notum combined. Crown greenish yellow, with brownish central median line and a round spot near each eye; face with a broken transverse band between eyes and another across ocelli; clypeus with arcs near middle, apex brown; clypellus black; lora and genae greenish, one black spot on margin below each eye; pronotum on disc with six black spots ar ranged one, two, and three, pale fuscous area behind each eye, small brownish spot near lateral margin. Scutellum with one blackish tri angular spot on each basal angle, medianly with two brownish broken longitudinal stripes; forewing transparent, veins whitish with alter nating black and blackish brown 3hort spots. Thorax on sides and venter greenish yellow, vith scattered fuscous areas; abdominal sterna and genital plates fuscous with whitish apical margins; valves fuscous, darker toward apex. Length: 5*5 111111 • (See figs. 125, 126.)

Male genitalia; styles on dorsal aspect constricted after middle, posterior accessory lobes extending laterad; aedeagus In lateral aspect narrower at both ends, wider on basal third, apex slender, with very minute serrations on upper surface, gonopore opening ventrally before apex; connective deeply concave on basal margin; pygofer triangular, with a sharp point near posterior angle projecting caudad (figs.121 - 124). 62

Second abdominal sternal apodame reaching to middle of third abdominal sternum, inner margin straight to apex, outer arched to apex (fig. 127).

The striking pattern of blackish dots on the face and the six black spots on the pronotum suffice to distinguish this species from

Idioceropsls multimaculatus sp. nov. and I. intrlcatus (osb.) the other two species vith as many markings on the face.

Holotype - male, from Taperina, Brazil, in Carnegie Museum (Acc.

No. 296 6 ), H. H. Smith collector.

Idioceropsis minutus (Osborn) n. comb.

1923* Idiocerus minutus Osborn, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 13(1): p. 16.

Female: crovn moderately long, front and hind margins parallel; face slightly longer than vide, lateral edge of clypeus arcuate; lateral suture of clypeus not reaching ocellus; clypellus as vide at base as at apex, less than tvlce as long as vide; lora reaching to middle of lateral edge of clypeus. Pronotum almost three times as long as crovn, nearly three times as vide as long, hind margin concave; scutellum as long as crovn and pronotum combined. Overall color gray; crovn vith a short fuscous mesal line basally, vith two blackish dots closer to eyes than to each other, each enclosed in L-shaped reddish bar; frons marked vith reddish brovn bars, each forming an indistinct bracket-shaped spot vith black dot at center; ocelli blackish or reddish; clypeus vith a rov of short fuscous arcs on each side; blackish dot at base of lora; pronotum vith tvo longitudinal very faint reddish stripes; some fused blackish dots behind eye, near lateral margin vith very pale reddish area; scutellum dull yellovlsh, black triangular spot on basal angle, a dark irregular area on disc; foreving hyaline, veins mostly indistinct,

outer vein of clavus fuscous, veins and cross vein on disc of foreving

infuscated; thorax on sides and venter blackish, legs dull yellowish;

basal portions of abdominal sterna blackish, apical portions yel-

lovish; last ventral segment fuscous; ovipositor and pygofer dull

yellowish. Length; 3.0 mm. (See figs. 128, 129.)

External female genitalia; seventh sternum narrow, hind margin

straight; ovipositor longer than reBt of abdomen; pygofer with a pair

of long setae near apex (fig. 1 3 0 ).

A very small wedge-shaped species, dark gray, marked with reddish

and brown, and easily distinguished from other species by its color pattern.

Holotype and paratype - females, from Chapada, Brazil, November, collector unknown, in Carnegie Museum (Acc. No. 2966)*

Idioceropsis rotundlfrons (Osborn) n. comb.

1923. Idiocerus rotundlfrons Osborn. Ann. Carnegie Mus. 15(1): p. 1 5 .

Female: crovn relatively short, anterior and posterior margins parallel; face longer than vide, lateral edge of clypeus gently arcuate lateral sutures of clypeus not extending to ocelli; clypellus slightly widened distally, length slightly more than twice basal width; lora reaching to above middle of lateral edges of clypeus. Pronotum three times as long as crovn, nearly two and one-half times as wide as long, hind margin slightly arcuate; scutellum slightly longer than crown and pronotum combined. Head, thorax on sides and below, and legs dull yel lowish or greenish, probably pale green in life, without markings 6k

except that the dark ocellus is in a blackish dot; foreving hyaline

vith faint iridescent reflections, a small black dot basally on com

missural line; costa at base yellowish, veins indistinct; abdominal

sterna fuscous; ovipositor fuscous, darker tovard apex. Length: 5.0 max.

External female genitalia; seventh sternum deeply cleft "»e<*t*nly

(fig. 131).

This species is similar to Idioceropsls beryllinus sp. nov., I.

crlstulatus sp. nov., I. venezolanus sp. nov., I. fulvotinctus (osb.),

and I. rotund!frons (osb.) and can be separated from them by the cha

racters mentioned in the key. See also the discussion under beryllinus sp. nov.

Holotype - female, from Brazil, along Rio Guapord, August 22,

1909, Haseman collector, in the Carnegie Museum (Acc. No. 4oU3).

Idioceropsis areatus (Osborn) n. comb.

1923. Idiocerus areatus Osborn. Ann. Carnegie Mus. 15(1): p. IT.

1923. Idiocerus fulvus Osborn, in part. Ann. Carnegie Mus. 15(1):P- 17.

Female: crovn relatively short, anterior and posterior margins

parallel; face slightly longer than vide, lateral suture of clypeus not

attaining ocellus, lateral margin of clypeus faint on upper half,

slightly angularly bent near middle, thence straight to clypellus;

clypellus not quite twice as long as basal width, slightly wider at

apex; lora not very well defined, reaching tc middle of lateral margins

of clypeus; gena inflated where it meets the lorum. Pronotum three

times as long as crovn, two and three-fourths times as wide as long,

hind margin concave; scutellum much longer than crown and pronotum 65 combined. Crovn light greenish, vith two trapezoidal reddish spots, their outer margins concave, almost reaching to ocelli; ocellus and inner margin of eye reddish; faint inconspicuous reddish spot under each ocellus, remainder of face greenish; pronotum greenish vith a broad

L-shaped reddish marking on each side, the short limb of the L paral leling the middle line; scutellum vith faint dlscal mark, a fulvous triangular spot on each basal angle; foreving hyaline, veins incon spicuous, base of clavus vith a greenish opaque elongate area, costal margin greenish, apex faintly smoky. Thoracic sides and venter green!di; legs and ovipositor testaceous; apex of hind tibia and tarsal clavs dark. Length: k.O mm. (See figs. 1 3 2 , 133*)

External female genitalia: seventh sternum very short, hind margin shallovly concave; ovipositor extending about one-fourth its length beyond the pygofer; ovipositor tvice as long as abdominal sterna together.

This species is related to all the species having two spots on the head. It can be separated from them by the characters mentioned in the key, the coloration of the ventral sclerltes, and the elongated female genitalia. One of the paratypes of Idioceropsis fulvus (osb.) has been examined and found to be a specimen of I. areatus (Osb.). This specimen differs from the holotype of I. areatus (Osb.) as follovs: the spots on the head are united above and belov by narrov transverse bands, the pronotal markings more angular, the abdominal sterna blackish on basal halves and the pygofer blackish dorsally. It can not be considered as

I. fulvus as the spots on the crovn and pronotum do not agree in any 66 respect vith those of the holotype of I. fulvus.

Holotype - female, from Chapada, Brazil, November, H. H. Smith collector, in Carnegie Museum (Acc. No. 2 9 6 6 ).

Idioceropsls fulvus (Osborn) n. comb.

1923* Idiocerus fulvus Osborn. Ann. Carnegie Mus. 15(1): p. 17*

Female: crown short, anterior and posterior margins parallel; face slightly wider than long, lateral sutures of clypeus not attaining ocelli, lateral margin of clypeus gently arcuate, slightly tumid near apex; clypellus very slightly widened distally, one and one-fourth times as long as basal width, apical margin shallowly bllobed; lora reaching to middle of lateral margins of clypeus, slightly Inflated, gena elevated where it meets the lorum. Pronotum strongly arched in front, over three times as long as crown, two and one-half times as wide as long, hind margin concave; scutellum longer than crown and pronotum combined. Crown light yellow, with two large quadrate fulvous areas ex tending over margin to ocelli, somewhat narrowed below, separated by a narrow greenish stripe, remainder cf face pale greenish; pronotum tinged with fulvous, somewhat lighter behind eyes and laterally; scutellum greenish; foreving transparent, with a very pale yellowish tinge, veins inconspicuous, apex faintly smoky; venter including thorax, legs, abdo minal sterna and genitalia pale greenish. Length: 5*0 mm. (Figs. 13*+, 135.)

Female genitalia; posterior margin of seventh sternum concave; ovipositor over twice as long as abdominal sterna together; ovipositor extending about one-third its length beyond the pygofer (fig. 1 3 6 ).

This species is related to Idioceropsls areatus (Osb.), and the 67 other 8mall species having two spots on the face. It can be separated from them by the characters In the key. A specimen deposited by Osborn

as a paratype of this species has been identified as I. areatus (osb.).

Holctype - female, from Chapada, Brazil, collected by H. U. Smith,

November, In Carnegie Museum (Acc. No. 2966).

Idioceropsls intrlcatus (Osborn) n. comb.

1923* Idiocerus intrlcatus Osborn. Ann. Carnegie Mus. 15(1); p. 18.

Male: crovn moderately long, slightly longer at middle than next to eyes; face slightly longer than vide, lateral sutures of clypeus not

attaining ocelli, lateral margins of clypeus gently arcuate; clypellus widened distally, campanulate, less than tvlce as long as basal vldth,

surpassing the genal margin; lora reaching to middle of lateral margins

of clypeus. Pronotum strongly convex In front, slightly over twice as long as crown, two and one-half times as wide as long, hind margin

straight; scutellum slightly longer than crovn and pronotum combined;

foreving much exceeding the body. Crown yellowish, tinged with green,

a short fuscous mesal line on hind margin, four elliptical orange spots on disc, a smaller round fuscous spot next to each eye; face with one transverse broken bar above and below the ocelli, the orange and mesal

spots on crown visible, two rows of brownish spots from below lower

transverse bond to apex of clypeus, lateral clypeal margin fuscous;

clypellus with a brownish elongate spot on base and a narrow transverse

spot on apex; each lorum with small inconspicuous rounded reddish dot

near center; antennal pit and gena above lorum fuscous; beak blackish.

Pronotum yellowish with a greenish tinge, with two longitudinal red- 68 dlBh-brovn stripes on disc, a smaller transverse spot laterad to the stripes, a short mesal fuscous line on hind margin, lateral margins narrowly black; scutellum with large triangular fuscous spot near each basal angle, central line and suture on disc fuscous; foreving mostly translucent, claval veins brownish, a dot at base and one on first cross vein brownish, apical half of wing, except apical costal cell, brownish, veins on Inner half whitish, those on outer half concolorous or deeper brown* Thoracic pleura and sterna, legs and abdominal sterna yellowish, genital segments fuscous. Length: k,5 mm* (Figs.* lkl, lk2.)

Male genitalia; style on lateral aspect with posterior Inner process erect basally, the outer side with posterior margin produced upward, and with numerous setae aplcally; connective with basal margin deeply concave; aedeagus straight and tapering aplcally, bent cephalad near apex; pygofer subtriangular, with a translucent, irregular mem branous area near posterior margin, inner margin of apex very irregular

(figs. 137, 138, li*o, 11*3).

The only other species with such an intricate design of spots on the face are Idioceropsls alimaculatus sp. nov., I. macullfrons (Osb.), and I. minutus (osb.); these can be separated by the characters given

In the key (see the discussion under the first mentioned species).

Holotype - male, from Chapada, Brazil, October, H. H. Smith col lector, in Carnegie Museum (Acc. No. 2 9 6 6 ).

Idioceropsls fasclatus (Osborn) n. comb.

1 9 2 3 . Idiocerus fasclatus Osborn. Ann. Carnegie Mus. 15(1); p. 19. 69

Male: crown relatively short, slightly shorter at middle than next to eye, slightly broader than pronotum; face longer than wide, upper lateral suture of clypeus obsolete, lateral margin suddenly Incurved mesad near base of clypellus; clypellus widened dlstally, campanulate, slightly over one and one-half times as long as basal width, surpassing the genal margin; lora short, each reaching lover third of lateral margin of clypeus. pronotum more than three times as long as crovn, two and one-half times as broad as long, hind margin very shallowly

concave; scutellum longer than crown and pronotum combined. Head ex

cept bright yellow genal margin and pronotum brown; scutellum brown

with apex bright yellow; foreving mostly translucent, basal half pale

fuscous, apical half with a broad transverse dark brovn band from

central anteapical cell to costal margin, apical margin and semicircu

lar stripe from apex of clavus to before apex of forewing brown, inter

vening areas much paler, outer claval vein vith broad conspicuous

bright yellow stripe on basal half, apex of clavus with small yellow

spot. Thoracic pleura and sterna, legs, and abdominal sterna dull

yellow; apices of tibiae and tarsal claws brovn; abdominal terga tinged

with red; genital segments pale fuscous. Female: proportions of crovn,

face, pronotum, and scutellum as In male. Color pattern as in male,

yellow markings more defined and contrasting. External female genitalia:

seventh sternum short, hind margin slightly concave, pygofer slightly

shorter than ovipositor, more than four times as long as abdominal

sterna together (fig. 1^9)*

Male genitalia: style on lateral aspect broader after center, 70 posterior Inner process Zone end lobed at apex; connective vith basal margin shallowly concave; aedeagus broad at base, slender apex forming an almost complete loop, with small serrations above; pygofer tri angular, vith an Inwardly directed hook on posterior angle (figs. lMi to 1^7). Second abdominal sternal apodeme reaching to base of third abdominal sternum, elongate, rounded aplcally (fig* 1M3).

The contrasting and bright yellov apex of the scutellum and the longitudinal stripe along the outer claval vein distinguish this species from all others* The shape of the aedeagus Is very distinctive.

Holotype - male and allotype female, Chapada, Brazil, no collecting date, H. H. Smith collector, In Carnegie Museum (Acc. No. 2966).

Idioceropsis baker! (Osborn) n. comb.

1923. Idiocerus trlfasclatus Osborn. Ann. Carnegie Mus. 15(1): p. 1 9 .

1955. Idiocerus baker!, n. n. Metcalf, J. Wash. Acad. Sc. U-5(©):p. 266.

Female: crovn relatively long, anterior and posterior margins parallel; face slightly longer tnan broad, upper lateral suture of clypeus obsolete, not attaining ocellus, lateral margin and transverse suture before clypellus obsolete, lateral margin almost straight; clypel lus slightly widened distally, slightly longer than basal width; lorum reaching to middle of lateral margin of clypeus, tumid. Pronotum less than twice as long as crown, slightly more than two and one-half times as vide as long, hind margin shallowly concave; scutellum equal in length to crovn and pronotum combined. Head, pronotum, and scutellum leaf green, crovn with two comma-shaped reddish spots not reaching ocelli, rest of face unmarked; pronotum with three reddish longitudinal stripes, one at 71 center and one on each side In line vith fulvous spot on basal angle and disc of scutellum, very faint orange triangular spot behind each eye; foreving hyaline, costal margin greenish, apex faintly smoky. Thoracic

sterna and pleura, and legs pale green, hind tibia and tarsi darker

vith dusky apical spines and clavs. Length: b.Q mm. (See fig. 150.)

External female genitalia: seventh sternum short, shallovly concave

on hind margin, ovipositor surpassing apex of pygofer by one-fourth its

length, ovipositor twice as long as all abdominal sterna together.

This species belongs in the group of small species vith tvo spots

on the crovn. It can be separated from them by the three longitudinal

reddlBh stripes on the pronotum. Metcalf (1955) found the trivial

name trlfasciatus preoccupied by I. trlfasclatus Klrschbaum, 1068.

Holotype - female, Brazil, along Rio Guapord, belov Rio San Miguel,

August 22, 1909, Haseman collector, In Carnegie Museum (a c c . No. UoU3 ).

Idioceropsls ocellatus (Osborn) n. comb.

1923. Idiocerus ocellatus Osborn. Ann. Carnegie Mus. 15(1): P. 20

Male: crovn short, very slightly longer at middle than next to eye;

face longer than vide, upper lateral suture of clypeus inconspicuous,

not attaining ocellus, lateral margin of clypeus gently arcuate (the

lora, clypellus, and genae are covered vith glue, and can not be de

scribed) . pronotum more than three times as long as crovn, twice as

vide as long, hind margin very shallovly concave; scutellum longer than

crovn and pronotum combined; foreving much exceeding abdomen. Uniformly

dull greenish; ocelli, ontennal seta, a small dot on disc of foreving,

apical spines of hind tibia, and tarsi brownish. Thoracic pleura and 72 sterna, legs, and abdominal sterna light green, last abdominal segments darker; length: 3.5 mm.

Male genitalia: style slender, Inner caudal process well de veloped, slender, in dorsal aspect widened before apex; connective with basal margin concave; aedeagus slender, tapering to a sharp point, with minute serrations on upper surface at the point where the apex bends cephalad; pygofer triangular, with a slender Inwardly curved, accessory spine on distal angle (figs. 151, 132, 133, 13*0* Second abdominal sternal apodeme to end of second abdominal sternum, apex bell-shaped, basal margin convex, not straight as in the other species (fig. 1 3 3 )*

Related to Idloceropsls crlstulatus sp. nov., I. myrclae (Cald.), and the other species without markings on the crown and pronotum and with small dots on the forewlng. It can be separated from these by the characters mentioned in the key and the genitalia.

Holotype - male, Brazil, Matto Grosso, collected along Rio Guapor£ below Rio San Miguel, August 22, 1909, Haseman collector, in Carnegie

Museum (Acc. No. kOk$).

Idloceropsls vlrldicatus (Osborn) n. comb.

1923. Idlocerus viridicatus Osborn. Ann. Carnegie Mus. 15(1): p. 20.

Female: crown relatively long, strongly curved in front, slightly longer at middle than next to eye; face slightly longer than wide, lateral sutures of clypeus not attaining ocelli, lateral margins of clypeus obsolete near antennal ledges, lower visible half straight; clypellus slightly widened dlstally, one and one-half times longer than basal width; lora slightly elevated above level of surface of genae, 73 outer margin not veil defined, reaching to clearly visible section of lateral sutures of clypeus. Pro not urn more than tvlce as long as crown, slightly less than three times as vide as long, hind margin shallowly concave; scuteHum longer than pronotum and crown combined. Crown green, somewhat bluish on hind margin and between the reddish spots, with two reddish or dark fulvous spots, enlarged at each end and touching the ocelli; face yellowish, genal margins pale green; pronotum green with two oblique fulvous lines meeting at anterior margin; scutellum pale green, with very faint markings near basal angles, with a grayish faint round spot on disc; foreving hyaline, with a pale yellowish tinge, clavus with a fulvous stripe next to scutellum, an other stripe on outer side of claval suture, costal margin pale green, apex of foreving slightly smoky. Thoracic pleura and sterna, legs, and abdominal sterna pale green to whitish, hind tarsal claws dusky.

Length; 4.0 ram. (See figs. 156, 157.)

Female genitalia; seventh sternum short, hind margin concave, with a deeper U-shaped median excavation (fig. 15@)>

This small species belongB in the group with two spots on the crown. The much rounded head and the fulvous stripes of the forewing distinguish it from the rest. It seems closest to idioceropsiB areatus

(Osborn) but the more rounded crown and the fulvous stripes on the foreving of I. virldicatus (Osb.) separates them.

Holotype - female, Bolivia, Villa Bella, August 22, 1909, Haseman collector, in Carnegie Museum (Acc. No. 4043). 7^

Idloceropsls occipitalis (Osborn) n. comb.

1924. Idlocerus occipitalis Osborn. Ann. Carnegie Mus. 15(3): P. 390.

Female: slender; head very broad, much exceeding pronotum in width,

moderately arched; crown relatively long, anterior and posterior margins

parallel; face longer than wide, lateral suture of clypeus very short

and not well defined, lateral margins of clypeus gently arcuate (the

clypelluB and lora are hidden by glue and fungi in the type so can not

be described). Pronotum twice as long as crown, slightly less than two

and one-half times as wide as long; hind margin almost straight;

scutellum broad at base, slightly shorter than pronotum and crown

combined. D®rk chocolate-brown to blackish species, with a hexagonal

bright yellow spot covering most of the crown and disc of pronotum bordered anteriorly with brown, remaining parts of crown and pronotum

dark brown, eyes dark brown, a broad dark brown band across face from

eye to eye bordered above and below with darker brown, rest of face

whitish; scutellum blackish; forewing brown, transparent, veins in

conspicuous, slightly darker. Thoracic pleura and sterna, legs, and

abdominal sterna white; seventh sternum brown, pygofer lighter brown

and ovipositor dark brown (fig. 164).

Female genitalia: hind margin of seventh sternum convex, with e

minute notch on center; ovipositor exceeding pygofer by one-third its

own length (fig. 1 6 3 ).

This dark species is closely related to Idloceropsis alblcollis

(Osborn) that is described below. The large Bpot of the crown and pro

notum imparts these two species a very distinct appearance. Further 75 collection may prove that they are but one species.

Holotype - female, Brazil, Santarem, December 1909* in Carnegie

Museum (Acc. Mo, 4o43).

Idloceropsls alblcollla (Osborn) n. comb.

1924. Idlocerus alblcollla Osborn. Ann. Carnegie Mus. 15(3): P» 391.

Male: crown relatively long, slightly longer at middle than next to eyes; face slightly longer than vide, lateral sutures of clypeus

almost attaining ocelli, lateral margins of clypeus gently arcuate;

clypellus slightly longer than basal width, widened dlstally; lora

each reaching to middle of lateral margin of clypeus. Pronotum slightly longer than crown, more than three times as wide as long, hind margin almost straight; scutellum slightly longer them crown and pronotum together. Dark chocolate-brown Bpecies, with a contrasting yellow oval spot covering most of crown and anterior half of pronotum; face with a broad fuscous band from eye to eye, a darker transverse band from ocellus to ocellus; rest of clypeus, clypellus, gena, and lora whitish; pronotum except for portion covered by oval spot choco late-brown; scutellum chocolate-brown, paler toward apex; foreving transparent with a brownish tinge, costal and outer apical cells fuscous, with a paler transparent area between them. Thorax laterally and ventrally, and legs whitish; abdominal sterna yellowish, genital

segments pale fuscous (figs. 166, 167). Length: 3*2 mm.

Male genitalia: style slender, Inner caudal process small, poorly developed, apex T-shaped In dorsal aspect, outer caudal process wanting, represented by a small patch of short setae; connective with 7 6 basal margin shallowly concave; aedeagus short, In lateral aspect with a broad triangular base, apex, slender and slightly curved cephalad; pygofer subrectangular, upper margin longer than lower, apical margin with a short, stout, decurved spine (figs. 159# 160, l6l, 165)* Second abdominal sternal apodeme T-shaped, the vertical stem short, subtriangular, its apex bent mesad (fig. 1 6 2 ).

This species Is close to IdloceropsiB occipitalis (Osborn); the yellow area on the crown and pronotum Is oval and smaller, the band across the face Is lighter and the foreving has more transparent areas.

Holotype - male, Brazil, Chapada, November, H. H. Smith collector,

In Carnegie Museum (Acc. No. 2966).

Idloceropsls eburneociaculatus (Osborn) n. comb.

1924. Idlocerus eburneomaculatus Osborn. Ann. Carnegie Mus. 15(3):p. 391.

Male: crown relatively long, very slightly longer at middle than next to eye; face 3lightly longer than vide, lateral suture of clypeus not attaining ocelli, lateral margins gently arcuate; clypellus slightly widened dlstally, slightly longer than basal width, subquad rate; lora reaching to middle of lateral margins of clypeus. Pronotum less tnan twice as long as crown, two and one-half times as vide as long, hind margin shallowly concave; scutellum broad at base, length slightly less than crown and pronotum combined. Crown bright fulvous yellow, with two large quadrate patches of vulvous not reaching ocelli; two transverse fulvous spots Just above ocelli; ocelli red; rest of face, clypellus, lora, and genae unmarked, yellowish; pronotum fulvous, 77 with four light greenish yellow stripes from anterior margin over disc not reaching posterior margin, the outer ones shorter, lateral margins of pronotum white; scutellum fulvous, faintly marked with three yellow stripes on basal margin; forewing mostly transparent, tinged with golden yellow, apical veins fuscous, other veins concolorous and In conspicuous, two Ivory white spots on disc of wing on Inner vein of

Inner dlscal cell, two elongate Ivory white spots on clavus bordering scutellum, apex of clavus with a small ivory white spot. Thoracic pleura and sterna, and legs pale yellowish, hind tarsal c Is w b pale fuscous; abdominal sterna and genital segments pale yellowish. Female: coloration and relative measurements of crown, pronotum, and scutellum as in male; two dlscal greenish yellow markings on pronotum separated from anterior margin, spots on outer margins of pronotum better defined (figs. 172, 173)* Length: male, b.Q mm.; female, b.2 mm.

Male genitalia: style with anterior end narrow, Inner posterior process somewhat truncate at apex, two well defined groups of short setae on dorsal surface; connective deeply concave on basal margin; aedeagus long and slender, with small anterior accessory lobe produced cephalad; pygofer pyriform, upper margin with an inwardly directed spine broad at base, apical margin bllobed (figs. 166 to 171). Second abdominal sternal apodeme reaching to apex of second sternum, three times as broad as long, apical margin concave (fig. 17*0 .

The ivory white spots on the forewlng separate this species from others.

Holotype - male, female allotype, and paratype, Brazil, along Rio 78

Ouapord, below Rio San Miguel, August 22, 1909# Haseman collector, in

Carnegie Museum (Acc. No. 4C&3).

Idloceropsls costalis (Osborn) n. comb.

1924. Idlocerus costalls Osborn. Ann. Carnegie Mus. 15(3): P* 392.

Male: crown relatively long, slightly longer at middle than next to eye; lateral suture of clypeus not attaining ocelli, lateral margins of clypeus angularly bent near middle making the clypeus octagonal; clypellus widened basally, one and one-half times as long as basal width; lora pointed basally, its outer margin meeting the angularly bent portion of the clypeal margin. Pronotum slightly over twice as long as crown, almost three times as wide as long, hind margin concave; scutellum one-third longer than crown and pronotum combined; third apical cell narrow and short, preceded by ovate outer anteaplcal. Dull olive-brown; eyes and ocelli fuscous, rest of face and crown olive- brown; pronotum olive-brown, unmarked; scutellum with large triangular spot on each basal angle, apical half yellowish; forewing smoky, base of clavus, costal margin, first costal cell, base of appendix, and veins dark fuscous. Length: 3*5 nun.

Male genitalia: style slender on dorsal aspect, broad from apex to base on lateral aspect; outer apical process small but well defined, shelf-like, with a few long setae; connective shallowly concave on basal margin; aedeagus with triangular base, apical portion slender, straight to before the cephalad curved smaller portion of apex; pygofer subtriangular, without accessory structures (figs. 175 to 173).

Second abdominal sternal apodeme reaching to apical two-thirds of third abdominal sternum, triangular, slightly invardly pointed (fig.

179).

This small species Is the only one vlth such angularly bent lateral margins of the clypeus, also the opaque blackish costal margin and costal cell are very Btrlklng.

Holotype - male, Bolivia, Provlncia del Sara, m., November

1909, J. Steinbach collector, Carnegie Museum (Acc. No. b$k9),

Idloceropsls flguratus (Osborn) n. comb.

1924. Idlocerus flguratus Osborn. Ann. Carnegie Mus. 15(3): p. 39^*

Female: crown relatively short, two-thirds as long as pronotum, slightly longer at middle than next to eyes; face Bllghtly wider than long, lateral suture of clypeus not attaining ocelli, lateral margins of clypeus gently arcuate; clypellus narrow, slightly widened distally, one and one-half times as long as basal width; lora reaching to middle of lateral margin of clypeus. pronotum one and one-third times as long as crown, slightly less than three times as wide as long, hind margin concave; scutellum as long as crown and pronotum combined. Crown, face to upper lateral sutures of clypeus, pronotum, and scutellum apple green; crown with two large orange-red oval spots, a narrow orange-red transverse band, Including ocelli, from lower borders of eyes remainder of face, clypellus and lora yellowish white, gena greenish; pronotum with a semicircular fulvous band closer to anterior margin, hind margin fulvous orange; scutellum with triangular fuscous spot on each basal angle, and an elongate orange-fulvous spot from disc to basal margin; foreving transparent, with a pale fuscous tinge, veins 6 o

Inconspicuous, base of clavus and a subsutural band fulvous red, claval suture and costal margin greenish. Thoracic pleura and sterna, legs, and abdominal sterna greenish or yellovish white; tarsal claws blackish

(figs. 180, 161). Length: 3*0 mm.

Female genitalia: hind margin of seventh sternum concave; ovi positor slightly surpassing pygofer, twice as long as abdominal sterna together (fig. 1 6 2 ).

Idioceropsis aurantilineatus sp. nov. and I. himertua sp. nov. also have a transverse reddish band on the pronotum and these two species have a transverse reddish band on crown but I. flguratus has two spots.

Holotype and two paratypes - females, Brazil, Chapada, October,

H. H. Smith collector, in Carnegie Museum (Acc. No. 2 9 6 6 ).

Idioceropsis brevlatus (Osborn) n. comb.

192k. Idlocerus brevlatus Osborn. Ann. Carnegie Mus. 15(3): P* 392.

Male: crown relatively long, very slightly longer at middle than next to eye; frontal margin slightly convex at center; face wider than long, lateral suture of clypeus not attaining ocelli, lateral margin of clypeuB strongly arcuate; clypellus slightly widened basally, one and one-half times as long as basal width; lora Inflated, reaching to middle of lateral edges of clypeus. Pronotum very slightly shorter than crown, slightly over three times as wide as long, hind margin slightly concave; scutellum shorter than crown and pronotum together.

Crown, frons, clypeus, lcra, genae, pronotum, scutellum, thorax laterally and ventrally, and abdominal sterna light brown; disc of crown and pronotum somewhat vitreous; forewing transparent, with a 8 1 fuscous tinge on basal two-thirds and at apex of clavus, apical third of foreving milky hyaline; hind tibia and tarsal Joints dusky (figs. 1 8 7 ,

188). Length: 3.5 mm., width across eyes 1.5 mm.

Male genitalia: style as seen from side much wider apically than basally, with two patches of setae, the one on the middle of the style on an elevated triangular projection; connective V-shaped; aedeagus sickle-shaped, tapering toward apex; pygofer with semicircular apical margin, lover margin extending cephalad, without accessory structures

(figs. 183 to 186). Second abdominal sternal apodeme short, reaching to base of third abdominal sternum, apical margin very shallowly bllobed (fig. 189).

This species can be easily separated from others by its very broad and short body, and by the contrasting dark basal two-thirds and milky white apical third of the forewings.

Holotype - male, from Chapada, Brazil, December, H. H. Smith col lector, in Carnegie Museum (Acc. No. 2 9 6 6 ).

Idloceropsls flavotinctus (Qsborn) n. comb.

1Q2U. Idlocerus flavotinctus Osborn. Ann Carnegie Mus. 15(3): P* 393*

Male: crown relatively short, anterior and posterior margins parallel; face longer than vide, lateral sutures of clypeus not at taining ocelli, lateral margins angularly bent about midway from antennae to clypellus; clypellus slightly widened distally, twice as long as basal width, basal suture semicircular, not almost straight as In the other species; lora reaching to angular bend of lateral margins of clypeus. pronotum nearly three times as long as crovn, 8 2 slightly more than twice as vide as long, hind margin almost straight; scutellum slightly longer than pronotum and crown together. Head and pronotum yellowish, somewhat tinged with greenish, crown vitreous at center, ocelli brown and margined with "brownish; scutellum yellowish, lateral margins greenish, apex brownish; foreving transparent tinged with golden yellow, veins inconspicuous, darker toward apex of wing, base of wing with a fuscous spot; thoracic sides and venter, and legs yellowish, tarsal claws fuscous; abdominal sterna greenish yellow, plates greenish, tipped with fulvous brown. Length; 6.0 mm.

Male genitalia: style in lateral aspect narrower near middle, inner apical process erect; connective concave on basal margin; aedeagus sickle-shaped, apical tliree-fourths tapering to apex, strongly de curved; pygofer triangular, apex bent inward (figs. 190 to 193)- Second abdominal sternal apoderae reaching to apex of third sternum, inner margin straight to apical angle that is inwardly produced, outer margin curved mesad on apical half (fig. 19^+).

This species belongs in the group of those with unspotted crown and pronotum, and with spotted wings. The fuscous spot on the base of the forewing separates it from Idioceropsis myrciae (Caldwell) and I. ocellatus (Osborn) which have dark spot on the disc of the forewing.

The aedeagus is similar to those of I. princlpensiB (Osborn), I. himertus sp. nov., and I. multillneatus sp. nov. but other parts of its genitalia are different.

Holotype - male, Mana River, French Guiana, June 1917, Klages col

lector, in Carnegie Museum (Acc. No. 6 0 0 8 ). 83

Idloceropala prlnclpenals (Qaborn) n. comb.

192^. Idlocerus princlpenais Osborn. Ann. Carnegie Mus. 15(3): P- 393-

192^. Idlocerus vlttatua Osborn. Ann. Carnegie Mus. 15(3): P» 395*

Male: crown relatively short, slightly longer at middle than next to eye; face slightly longer than vide, lateral suture of clypeus not attaining ocellus, lateral margin of clypeus gently arcuate; clypellus very slightly widened distally, two and one-naif times as long as basal width; lora almost straight, slightly arcuate, reaching to middle of

lateral margin of clypeus. Pronotum one and one-half times longer than

crown, about two and one-half times as vide as long, hind margin shal

lowly concave; scutellum one-third longer than pronotum. Crown apple- green, with three orange-red spots, the median one reaching from the base to the face and continuous with the median stripe of pronotum

and scutellum, the other two shorter; face with a median longitudinal

stripe extending from crown to meet a transverse band between ocelli, a

large oval spot between the median stripe and the eye; ocelli black; remaining part uf face, clypeus, gena, and lcrum stramineous; apex of

clypellus dusky; pronotum with tnree longitudinal orange-red stripes;

scutellum with a median longitudinal stripe reaching to disc; base and

inner border of clavus dark brown, remaining part gradually fading to

lighter brew:, tev rd outer margin; remaining parts of foreving hyaline

with a pale brownish tinge, two small fuBcous spots at base, a longer

one on mid costal border, and a shorter one on disc closer to base than

to apex, apical veins darker; thoracic pleura and sterna, legs, and

abdominal sterna pale greenish or dirty white. Female; crown relatively 6k short, anterior and posterior margins parallel; face as long as wide, lateral suture of clypeus as in male, lateral margin curved mesad near base of clypellus; clypellus very slightly wider at base than apically, one and one-half times as long as basal width; lora reaching to middle of lateral margins of clypeus. Pronotum twice as long as crown, slightly more than two and one*naif times as wide as long, hind margin almost straight; scutellum as long as crown and pronotum combined.

Crown, face, clypellus, clypeus, gena, and lorum colored as in the mole; inner border of clavus brown, commissure greenish white; outer part of clavus and remaining parts of forewlng transparent with a

fuscous tinge, smoky at apex; a small spot at base of corium and a dot

on the disc dark fuscous; veins concolorous, darker near apex. Thoracic

pleura and sterna, legs, abdominal sterna and genital sclerites pale

gray. Length: male, 3*5 mm.; female, U.O ram. (See figs. 200, 201.)

Male genitalia: style with well developed inner caudal process, slender as seen from above; connective shallowly concave on basal margin; aedeagus slender, almost straight, slightly bent cepnalad near middle, with a short fine serration on hind margin before apex, apex

slightly bent downward; pygofer subtriangular, caudal angle with an

inward projection (figs. 195, 196, 197, 202). Second abdomina] sternal

apodeme almost rectangular, inner apical angle with a short projection

(fig. 198). Female genitalia; seventh sternum short, as long as pre

ceding, shortly produced medianly; ovipositor surpassing pygofer by

one-fourth its own length (fig. 199)-

The median stripe running from the transverse band on the face 85 across the crovn and pronotum to the disc of the scutellum distinguish this species. The aedeagus Is similar to that of Idloceropsls him»rtus sp. nov. and I. multillneatus sp. nov. but other parts of their geni- talla are different.

Holotype - female, and allotype, male, from Brazil, Fort Principe,

Rio Ouapord, August 19091 Carnegie Museum (Acc. No. *4-0*13), Haseman collector.

Idioceropsis exquisltus (Osborn) n. comb.

192*+. Idlocerus exqulsltus Osborn. Ann. Carnegie Mus. 15(3): P* 39*4-

Male: crovn relatively long, longer at middle than next to eye; face longer than vide; lateral suture of clypeus not attaining ocellus, lateral margin gently arcuate, clypeus slightly vldened distally, sub quadrate; lora broad, reaching to middle of lateral margin of clypeus. pronotum one and one-half times as long as crown, slightly over three times as vide as long, hind margin very shallowly concave; scutellum equal in length to crown and pronotum together. Abdomen very short, reaching slightly beyond apex of clavus. Crown and pronotum greenish vnite, with a longitudinal fulvous stripe medlanly on crovn and pro notum; face stramineous, ocelli dark brown; scutellum with pale fulvous triangular spot on each basal angle, a small patch of fulvous on disc; foreving transparent with a large fuscous spot on the costal margin slightly beyond the middle, and a smaller dusky patch on the inner border at end of clavus, vlng with a smoky tinge from the line formed by these two spots to apex, veins Inconspicuous. Thoracic pleura and sterna, and legs stramineous; abdominal sterna yellow; first tvo or 8 6

three abdominal terga black along median line, last two black on the

sides and with apical margins yellowish; genltallc segments dark

fuscous. Female: proportions and coloration of crovn, pronotum, face,

legs, and foreving as in mole; pro- and metapleura fuscous; first three

abdominal terga yellov, last three yellow along median area and black on

sides; pygofer and ovipositor dark fuscous contrasting with the yellov

of the abdominal sterna. Length: both sexes 2.5 mm. (See fig. 2 0 7 .)

Male genitalia: styles short, slightly longer than aedeagus, both

Inner and outer apical processes of style veil developed; connective

shallowly concave on basal margin; aedeagus vide at base, apical tvo-

thirds very slender, straight, slightly bent cephalad near apex; pygofer triangular, apical angle with an upwardly directed spine-like process (figs. 203, 20k, 205, 208). Second abdominal sternal apodeme rectangular, short, reaching to apex of secaud c.tervxm, ^ me r angle with a small Inward projection (fig* 206}. Female genitalia: seventh sternum short, apical margin straight; ovipositor slightly surpassing the pygofer; pygofer with a pair of long yellow spines closer to inner margin near apex (fig. 209).

This small species can be separated from others by the contrasting black and yellov cf the abdominal terga, and the yellow abdominal

sterna, and dark genital segments; its Bmall size and the two fuscous spots of the foreving are also very distinctive.

Holotype - female, allotype and paratypes males, Bolivia, Rio Ma- chupc, near Rio Guapord, August 25, 19^9, Haseman collector, in Carnegie

Museum (Acc. No. 40^3). 87 IdloceropsiB flamneus (Osborn) n. comb.

192k, Idlocerus flananeus Osborn. Ann. Carnegie Hus. 15(3): P • 39^.

Females; head distinctly arched above; crovn short, anterior and posterior margins parallel, lateral suture of clypeus not attaining ocellus, lateral margin of clypeus arcuate; clypellus slightly widened distally, tvice as long as basal vldth; lora short, reaching to belov middle of lateral margin of clypeus. pronotum three times as long as crovn, two and one-half times as vide as long, hind margin broadly con cave; scutellum slightly longer than crovn and pronotum together. Crovn pale yellovish tinged with reddish, with two broad fulvous spots ex tending over margin to inner side of ocelli, spots narrover toward face; remaining parts of face, clypellus, lora, and gena straw-colored; pronotum yellovish, tinged with reddish, with a transverse fulvous band close to hind margin; scutellum reddish, with two oblique whitish spots on disc almost meeting on anterior margin; forewing transparent with a very pale fulvous tinge, veins concolorous, and Inconspicuous; abdomen above more or less tinged with reddish; thoracic pleura and sterna, and abdominal sterna yellovish, tip of hind tibia and tarsal

claws fuscous. Length: 3.0 mm. (See figs. 210, 211.)

Female genitalia: seventh sternum elongate, convex, with a small

median notch; ovipositor Blightly exceeding pygofer; pygofer with a

pair of yellovish long spines near apex (fig. 212).

The uniformly distributed reddish tinge helps to separate this

species from other small species with two spots on the crown. The

pronota of the paratypes show slightly different colorations. Holotype - female, Bolivia, Provincia del Sara, November 1912,

Stelnbach collector, Carnegie Museum (Acc. No. 506*0 • Paratypes - two females with same collecting data as holotype, and two additional

females from Provincia del Sara, Bolivia, U50 m., November 1909#

Stelnbach collector, in Carnegie Museum (Acc. No. **5^9) • On page 395

(Osborn 1923) Osborn stateB that there Is one male among the type material but all the specimens have been found to be females.

Idloceropsls fulvotinctus (Osborn) n. comb.

192^. Idlocerus fulvotinctus Osborn. Ann. Carnegie Mus. 15(3): p. 395.

Male: crown relatively short, anterior and posterior margins paral lel; face longer than wide, lateral sutures of clypeus not attaining ocelli, lateral margin strongly arcuate, frontoclypeal suture slightly discernible; clypellus widened distally, nearly twice as long as basal width; lora reaching to about middle of lateral margin of clypeus.

Pronotum less than three times as long as crovn, two and one-half times as broad as long, hind margin broadly and shallowly concave; scutellum longer than crown and pronotum together. Osborn’s description of the coloration follows: "Greenish yellow, deeply tinted with orange or fulvous crown hind border and median line, pronotum hind border and indistinct median line greenish; forewing subhyaline, greenish, deeply tinged with orange; face mostly fulvous; cheecks greenish; ocelli reddish; abdomen and thorax ventrally fulvous." Length: 3*° ®m. (See figs. 218, 215.)

Male genitalia; style from above not straight, outwardly bent near middle, Inner apical process well developed and raised above shaft of

style; connective with basal margin almost straight; aedeagus with a 89 bulbous swelling at middle, from here tapering and curving cephalad to apex, basal half stouter and with a short anterior accessory lobe; pygofer subquadrate, with a Y-Bhaped ridge or apodeme on inner surface, upper apical angle with a short, broad, blunt inner projection (figs.

213, 214, 215, 216, 220). Second abdominal sternal apodeme triangular, reaching to middle of third sternum, inner margin biconcave (fig. 217)*

This species resembles Idioceropsis fulvua (Osborn) and I. ocellatus (Osborn) in being uniformly colored, but these two species have dark dots on the foreving. Figure 216 shows the aedeagus of one of the paratypes, which is different from that of the type but their pygofers are similar.

Holotype - male, from Bolivia, Provincia del Sara, I+50 m., Nov ember 1909, in Carnegie Museum (Acc. No. 4549), Stelnbach collector. Two paratypes from some locality, one December 19l8# Carnegie Museum (Acc.

No. )f the other Carnegie Museum (Acc. No. % 0 4), some collector.

Idloceropsls tumlduluB (osborn) n. comb.

1923. Idlocerus tumidulus Osborn. Ann. Carnegie Mus. 15(1): p. 16.

Female: crown short, front and hind margins parallel; face tumid, slightly longer than wide, the large eyes making the head much wider than long; lateral margins of clypeus not attaining ocelli, lateral margins of clypeus slightly arcuate; clypellus longer than vide, slightly wider at base than at apex; lora reaching to middle of lateral margins of clypeus. pronotum almost two and one-half times as long as crovn, less than twice as vide as long, hind margin concave; scutellum as long as crovn and pronotum combined, overall color dull yellovish- 90 brown; clypeus and lora deeper brown, crown with two very faint, small, elongate pinkish spots; ocelli fuscous, each set In a small yellowish spot; antennal pit fuscous; pronotum lighter anteriorly with five faint brownish markings in shallow depressions; scutellum yellowish with small triangular brownish spots near basal angles, two L-shaped brownish spots from anterior margin to dlscal depression; forewlng brownish translucent to basal half, apical half fuscous, a small yel lowish area on costal margin before center, outer apical cell yellowish translucent, pleural areas black; abdominal sterna brownish with yel low posterior margins; seventh sternum brownish with a median longi tudinal yellow line; pygofer and ovipositor brown (figures 221, 222).

Length; 3.5 mm.

External female genitalia: seventh sternum almost a third as long as broad, hind margin shallowly concave, ovipositor longer than re maining abdominal segments together (fig. 223).

The tumid frons and the faint brown markings in depressions near the anterior margin of the pronotum serve to distinguish this species.

It is close to Idloceropsls oncercus sp. nov. but can be separated by the characters in the key. This species agrees with the generic des cription in every respect except in having only four strong spines on the posteroventral margin of the hind tibia.

Holotype - female, from Chapada, Brazil, November, collected by

H. H. Smith, in Carnegie Museum (Acc. No. 2 9 6 6 ). 91

IdioceropBls myrclae (Caldwell) n. comb.

1950. Idlocerus myrclae Caldwell, journ. Agr. Univ. P. R. 3^(1): P* 26.

Caldwell's description follows; "Length, male 2.8 mm., female 3*2 mm. Head and pronotum greenish yellov without markings. Foreving very lightly infuscate to hyaline, with dark veins from hind wing visible through membrane; a dark area present at apex of clavus and a darker spot present between first and second sectors at mldlength; appendix and apical cells clear hyaline.

Vertex (crown) twice as broad as long. Pronotum little longer than vertex. Female sternum VII very gently sinuate on posterior margin, very short. Male pygofer with three terminal processes on either later- oposterior margin, the more dorsal process projecting over the other two. Plate long, gradually enlarged apically in lateral aspect. Style simple, rounded apically with apex abruptly bent outward. Aedeagus stout basally; caudal portion long, slender." (Figs. 22U to 227 from Caldwell.)

Idioceropsis marlcensls (Caldwell) n. comb.

195^. Idlocerus marlcensls Caldwell. Journ. Agr. Univ. P. R. 3^(1): P* 25.

Caldwell's description of the female holotype follows; "Length of female 1+.3 mm. Head, pronotum and scutellum bright yellow. Eyes and lateral margins of pronotum black. Apex of scutellum white. Foreving generally infuscate (inner margin of clavus from base to apex of second claval vein black). Apex of clavus and apex of claval veins ivory white.

A hyaline spot present in basal half of wing along costa, bounded along costa by a yellowish band around, remainder by a block band slightly broadened posteriorly, A black area present along costa at apex cf 92 outer apical cell. Appendix and apical area lighter than rest of

Infuscate areas. Abdomen yellow ventrally, with yellow color over lapping sides near the base, rest of abdomen brown to black.

Vertex approximately two and one-half times as broad as long; more arcuate cephalad than in other species. pronotum over twice as broad as long. Abdomen, not including genital segments, scarcely reaching as far as apex of clavus. Female sternlte VII short, truncate caudad."

Clypellus fuscous, apically with two blackish areas; gena fuscous, darker under each eye and on area bordering each lorum (figs. 233# 23^).

Male: coloration as in female. Forewing with blackish areas before and after the hyaline spot on basal half along costa.

Male genitalia; style with anterior end pointed; posterior pro cess of style not curved as in all other species but angularly bent near base, inner margin with short serration before apex; outer process of posterior end produced, with relatively long setae; connective basal margin deeply cuncave, sides undulate; aedeagus broad to near center, fr m center to apex very slender and curved cephalad; pygofer wider than long, apical margin indented near center, with a small thumb-like projection from upper side of the indentation (figs. 228 to 232). Se cond abdominal sternal apodeme reaching to base of third sternum, semicircular (fig. 235).

Like Idioceropsis flavidus (Osborn; the pale color of the head, pronotum, and scutellum contrasts with the dark color of the fcrewing but I. maricensls (Caldwell) has the lateral margins of the pronotum black while I. flavidus (Osborn) has the pronotum uniformly colored. 93

The genitalia of these two species are different.

Holotype - female, Maricao-Sabana Grande Road, Puerto Rico, Km.

11.8, altitude 2,200 ft., November 19, 19^1, from unidentified bushes,

J. S. Caldwell and L. F. Martorell collectors. Hypotype - male, from

San German, Puerto Rico, collected by J. Maldonado-Caprilea, September

15, 195^.

Idloceropsls ruglfrons (Osborn) n. comb.

192k, Idlocerus ruglfrons Osborn. Ann. Carnegie Mus. 15(3): P» 39^.

As we have not seen this species Osborn's description follows;

"Face, vertex, pronotum, and scutellum minutely rugose; head wider than pronotum, scarcely produced before; vertex broadly subangulate; ocelli scarcely farther from each other than from margin of eye; front broad, rounded to clypeus; clypeus contracted at middle; lorae elongate, reaching border of cheek; cheek rather broad, rounded, scarcely sinuate on border. Pronotum short; lateral margin reduced to an angle; hind border truncate; elytra with short oval anteapical cell. Genitalia: male, plateB narrow at base, divergent, and contracted behind mid dle, compressed, rounded and blunt at tip.

Dark olive-green, tip of scutellum brighter green; elytra subhyaline, suffused with brownish; cross-vein, base and apex of outer apical, and the apical veins fuscous; lower part of face bright green; thorax dark brown; abdomen and legs lighter brown. Male plates brownish, inner borders greenish with a discal fuscuus dot.

Length: 3*5 nun*

Described from one male specimen, type, in the author's col 9^

lection, collected by H. S. Parish, at Bartlca, British Guiana, March

20 - 30, 1901.

This species is near to Bythoscopus In shape, but the vertex and pronotum are minutely rugose, instead of striate, and the face agrees better with the species of Idlocerus." 95

Conclusions

A new genus, Idloceropsls gen. nov., is described in this dis sertation. The new genus is a member of the subfamily Idiocerinae of the Clcadellldae and at present it Includes ^3 species.

Thirteen new species of leafhoppers are described. These are:

Idloceropsls allmaculatus, I. aurantlllneatus, I. berylllnus, I. bilineatus, I. carmenae, I. cristulatus, I. cuprinus, I. himertus,

I. multilineatus, I. oncercus, I. trlmaculatus, and I. venezolanus.

Thirty other species previously included in IdioceruB Lewis by

Osborn (1923» 192*+, 1935) and by Caldwell (195^) have been redescribed and transfered to Idioceropsis gen. nov.

Idlocerus vlttatus osborn has been reduced to a synonym of

Idioceropsis principensis (Osborn).

All the species in Idioceropsis gen. nov. are Neotropical.

A study of the second abdominal sternal apodeme suggests the pos sibility of its use as a diagnostic character in other genera because it Is cf specific value in this genus.

Information is given on how to separate the new genus from the otner 21 genera included by £vans (19^7) in the Idiocerinae. 96

Plate 1

Idloceropsls parvulus (Osborn) - Fig. 1, dorsal view of style,

Fig. 2, lateral view of style. Fig. 3t lateral view cf aedeagus.

Fig. lateral view of genital capsule. Fig. frontal view of head. Fig. 6, dorsal view of head, pronotum, and scutellum. 97

Plate 2

I 7 V /o

Idloceropsla beryllinus sp. nov, - Fig. 7, dorsal viev of style.

Fig. 8, lateral view of style. Fig. 9, lateral view of aedeagus.

Fig. lu, ventral view of right second abdominal sternal apodeme of male. Fig. 11, ventral view of last abdominal segments of female.

Fig. 12, lateral view of pygofer. Fig. 13, forewing venation. 98

Plate 3

Idloceropsis allmaculatus sp* nov* - Fig. lU, dorsal view of style.

Fig. 15, lateral view of style. Fig. 16, lateral view of aedeagus.

Fig. 17, pattern of spots of forewing. Fig. lo, ventral view of right

second abdominal sternal apodeme of male. Fig. 19, dorsofrontal view

of connective. Fig. 20, lateral view of pygofer. Fig. 21, dorsal view of apex of pygofer. 99

Plate 4

Idloceropsls multilineatus sp. nov. - Fig. 22, dorsal view of style. Fig. 23, lateral view of style. Fig. 24, lateral view of aedeagus. Fig. 25, lateral view of pygofer. Fig. 26, ventral view of connective. Fig. 27, frontal view of head. Fig. 20, dorsal view of head, pronotum, and scutellum. 100

Plate 5

Idloceropsls carmenae sp. nov. - Fig. 29, dorsal view cf head, pronotum, and scutellum. Fig. 3°* frontal view of head. Fig. 31* seventh sternum of female. 101

Plate 6

APICAL CfLLl

CLAVAL tUTUNE APPEND! >

j- P* APICAL I—APICAL ■ mAPICAL ■ A™ APICAL C liC A L I" COITAL

Idloceropsls umltlroaculatus sp. nov, - Fig. 32, dorsal view of style. Fig. 33, lateral view of style. Fig. 3*S lateral view of aedeagus. Fig. 35, ventral view of right second abdominal sternal apodeme of riale. Fig. 36, frontal view of head. Fig. 37, lateral view of pygofer. Fig. 38, venation of hindwing. Fig. 39, dorsal view of head, pronut urr., and scutellura. Fig. ^0, forewing venation

and cell terminology. 102

Plate 7

■*/

Idioceropsle aurantilineatus sp, nov, - Fig, 4l, dorsal view of style. Fig. 42, lateral view of pygofer. Fig. 43, lateral view of aedeagus. Fig. 44, rear view of aedeagus. Fig. 45, ventral view of right second abdominal sternal apodeme of male. Fig. 46, lateral view of pygofer. Fig. 47, frontal view of head. Fig. 48, dorsal view of specimen. 103

Plate 8

Idioceropsls oncercus sp. nov. - Fig. k$>t dcrsal view of style.

Fig. 50, lateral view of apex of inner apical process of style.

Fig. 51# lateral view of aedeagus. Fig. 52, dorsofrcntal view of con

nective. Fig. 53, ventral view of right second abdominal sternal

apodene of ;nalc. Fig. 5*+, lateral view of head. Fig. 55, dorsal

view of head, pronotum, and scutellum. Fig. 56, frontal view of head.

Fig. 57, lateral view of pygofer. 104

Plate 9

S-9 * o

*>»

Idloceropsla himertus sp. nov. - Fig. 5^# dorsal view of style.

Fig. 59, lateral view of style. Fig. 60, lateral view of aedeagus.

Fig. 6l# lateral view of pygofer. Fig. 62, ventral view of right

second abdominal sternal apodeme of male. Fig. 63, frontal view of

head. Fig. 64, dorsal view of head, pronotum, and scutellum. Fig.

65, seventh sternum of female. 105

Plate 10

€»T 6 a

Idioceropsls cuprinus sp. nov. - Fig. 66, dorsal view of style.

Fig. 67, lateral view of style. Fig. 66, lateral view of aedeagus.

Fig. 69, lateral view of pygofer. Fig. 70, ventral view of right second abdominal sternal apodeme of male. Fig. 71, frontal view of head. Fig. 72, dorsal view of head, pronotum, and scutellum. Fig.

73, seventh sternum of female. 106

Plate 11

7<* 70

Idioceropsls trimaculatus sp. nov. - Pig. 7k, dorsal view of style. Fig. 75* lateral view of style. Fig. 76, lateral view of aedeagus. Fig. 77* forewing venation. Fig. 78* hindwing venation.

Fig. 79, ventral view of right second abdominal sternal apodeme of male. Fig. 60, dorsal view of head, pronotum, and scutellum. Fig.

Cl, ventral view of external male genitalia. Fig. 62, lateral view of pygofer. 1 0 7

Plate 12

o u t ' * a p ic a l p * o c r «

IN *** APICAL P*O Cf«

** J

■ ' t f -

Idioceropsls cristulatus sp. nov. - Fig. 83, dorsal view of style.

Fig 81+, lateral view of style. Fig, 85, lateral view of aedeagus.

Fig. 8 7 , ventral view of right second abdominal sternal apodeme of male. io8

Plate 13

9/ 90 • 9

9 9

Idioceropsls venezolanus sp. nov. - Fig. 88, dorsal view of style. Fig. 8 9 , lateral view of style. Fig. 9 0 , lateral view of aedeagus. Fig. 91# ventral view of right second abdominal sternal apodeme of male. Fig. 92, dorsal view of head, pronotum, and scutellmn. Fig. 93# frontal view of head. Fig. 9U, lateral view of pygofer. 1 0 9

Plata 1^

97 9 %

9 * • a

soo

IdloceropslB billneatus sp. nov. - Fig. 95* dorsal view of style.

Fig. 96, lateral view of style. Fig. 97* lateral view of aedeagus.

Fig. 96* ventral view of right second abdominal sternal apodeme of male. Fig. 99* dorsal view of head, pronotum, and scutellum. Fig.

100, frontal view of head. Fig. 101, lateral view of pygofer and dorsal view of apex. 110

Plate 15

/oe

Idioceropsls hyallnus (Osborn) - Fig. 102, dorsal view of style. Fig. 103# lateral view of style. Fig. 10^, lateral view of aedeagus. Fig. 105, ventral view of connective. Fig. 106, frontal view of head. Fig. 107, dorsal view of head, pronotum, and scutellum.

Fig. 108, lateral view of pygofer and dorsal view of apex. Ill

Plate 16

Idioceropsls quadrangularis (Osborn) - Fig. 109, dorsal vlev of head, pronotum, and scutellura. Fig. 110, frontal view of head.

Fig. Ill, seventh sternum of female. 112

Plate 17

//4 / / z.

Idioceropsls acumlnatus (Osborn) - Fig. 112, frontal view of

head. Fig. 113* dorsal view of head, pronotum, and scutellum.

Fig. seventh sternum of female. 113

Plate 18

" r //*- a

Idioceropsls flavldus (Osborn) - Fig. 115, dorsal view cf style,

Fig. 116, lateral view of style. Fig. 117# lateral view of aedeagus.

Fig. 118, dorsal view of head, pronotum, and scutellum. Fig. 119,

ventral view of right second abdominal sternal apodeme of male.

Fig. 120, lateral view of pygofer. Ilk

Plate 19

Idioceropsls roaculifronB (Osborn) - Fig. 121, dorsal view of style.

Fig. 122, lateral view of style. Fig. 123, lateral view of aedeagus.

Fig. 12^, lateral view of pygofer. Fig. 125, frontal view of head.

Fig. 126, dorsal view of head, pronotum, and scutellum. Fig. 127, ventral view of right second abdominal sternal apodeme of male. 115

Plate 20

fc=di/*• /<(

/>/

Idioceropsls minutus (Osborn) - Fig. 128, frontal view of head.

Fig* 129, dorsal view of head, pronotum, and scutellum. Fig* 130,

seventh sternum of female.

Idioceropsls rotund!frons (Osborn) - Fig. 131* seventh sternum

of female. 116

Plate 21

Idioceropsls areatus (osborn) - Fig. 132, dorsal view of head, pronotum, and scutellum. Fig. 133> frontal view of head. 117

Plate 22

Idioceropsls fulvus (Osborn) - Fig. 13*S dorsal view of head, pronotun, and scuteHum, Fig. 135> frontal view of head. Fig.

136, seventh sternum of female. 1 1 0

Plate 23

/»7 \l /» '*9

Idioceropsls lntrlcatus (Osborn) - Fig, 137* dorsal view of style.

Fig. 138, lateral view of style. Fig. 139* lateral view of aedeagus.

Fig. 1^0, lateral view of pygofer. Fig. 1^1* frontal view of head.

Fig. 1^2, dorsal view of head, pronotum, and scutellum. Fig. 1**3, caudal view of Inner margin of apex of pygofer. 119

Plate 2b

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* 9

Idioceropsls fasclatus (Osborn) - Fig. 1^J+, dorsal view of style.

Fig. 1b5, lateral view of style. Fig. 1^6, lateral view of aedeagus.

Fig* 1^7, lateral view of pygofer and dorsal view of accessory process at apex. Fig. 148, ventral view of right second abdor.ii ml sternal upodouo of male. Fig. 1^9# dorsal view of anterior two-thirds of specimen. 120

Plate 25

Idioceropsls bakeri (Osborn) - Fig. 15°, dorsal view of head, prcnotum, and scutellum. 121

Plate 26

A ✓ «v /re. tS-»

/r--f / 3

Idioceropsls occllatus (Osborn) - Fig. 151; dorsal view of style.

Fig. 152, lateral view of style. Fig. 153; lateral view of pygofer and dorsal view of accessory structure. Fig. 151*; lateral view of aedeagus. Fig. 155; ventral view of right second abdominal sternal apodeme of male. 122

Plate 27

IdloceropslB virldlcotus (Osborn) - Fig. 156, dorsal view of head, pronotum, and scutellun. Fig. 157, frontal view of head. Fig. 150, seventh sternum of female. 123

Plat* 28

Idloceropsia occipitalis (Osborn) - Fig. 159* dorsal view of style.

Fig. 160, lateral view of style. Fig. l6l, lateral view of aedeagus.

Fig. 162, ventral view of right second abdominal sternal apodeme of male. Fig. 165, lateral view of pygofer. Fig. 166, frontal view of head. Fig. 167* dorsal view of head, pronotum, and scutellum.

Idloceropsia albicollis (Osborn) - Fig. 163, seventh sternum of female. Fig. 161*, dorsal view of head, pronotum, and scutellum. 12U

Plate 29

/7*t

Idloceropsls eburneomac ulotas (Osborn) - Fig. 168, dorsal view of style. Fig. 1 6 9 , lateral view of style. Fig. 170, lateral view of aedeagus. Fig. 171# lateral view of pygofer. Fig. 172# frontal view

of head. Fig. 173# dorsal view of head, pronotum, and scutellum. Fig.

I7 U, ventral view of right second abdominal sternal apodeme of male. 125

Plate 3°

/ rtr *77

Idloceropsia costalls (Osborn) - Fig. 175* dorsal view of style.

Fig. 176, lateral view of style. Fig. 177# lateral view of aedeagus.

Fig. 178# lateral view of pygofer. Fig. 179# ventral view of right second abdominal sternal apodene of male. 1 2 6

Plate 31

Idloceropsls flguratus (osborn) - Fig. 180, dorsal view of head, pronotum, and scutellum. Fig. l8l, frontal view of head. Fig. 182, seventh sternum of female. 127

Plate 32

Idloceropsls brevlatus (Qsborn) - Fig. 183, dorsal view of style.

Fig. 18U, lateral view of style. Fig. 185, lateral view of aedeagus.

Fig. 186, lateral view of pygofer. Fig. 187, lateral view of head.

Fig. 188, dorsal view of head, pronotum, and scutellum. Fig. 189, ventral view of right second abdominal sternal apodeme of male. 128

Plate 33

/ 9 0 /©/ ■~TT

Idloceropsls flavotinctus (osborn) - Fig. 190, dorsal view of style. Fig. 191, lateral view of style. Fig. 192, lateral view of a e d e a g u s . Fig. 1 9 3 , lateral view of pygofer and dorsal view of apical angle. Fig. 19^, ventral view of right second abdominal sternal apodeme of male. 129

Plate 3^

Idloceropsis princlpensls (Osborn) - Fig. 195, dorsal view of style. Fig. 196, lateral view of style. Fig. 197, lateral view of aedeagus. Fig. 19$, ventral view of right second abdominal sternal apodeme of male. Fig. 199, seventh sternum of female. Fig. 200, dorsal view of head, pronotum, and scutellum. Fig. 201, frontal view of head. Fig. 202, lateral view of pygofer and dorBal view of apical angle. 1 3 0

plate 35

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c o f £<■>9

Idloceropsis exqulsltus (Osborn) - Fig. 203, dorsal view of style,

Fig. 20k, lateral view of style. Fig. 205, lateral view of aedeagus.

Fig. 206, ventral view of right second abdominal sternal apodeme of male. Fig. 207, dorsal view of head, pronotum, and scutellum. Fig.

208, lateral view of pygofer. Fig. 209, seventh sternum of female. 13 1

Plate 36

2 /e»

Idloceropsis flarnraeus (osborn) - Fig. 210, dorsal view of head, pronotum, and scutellum. Fig. 211, frontal view of head. Fig. 212, sevent:, sternum of female. 132

Plat# 37

<»o */© *'9

Idloceropsis fulvotinctus (Osborn) - Fig. 213; dorsal view of style. Fig. 21^, lateral view of style. Fig. 215, lateral view cf aedeagus of holotype. Fig. 216, lateral view of aedeagus of paratype,

Fig. 217, ventral view of right second abdominal sternal apodeme of male* Fig. 218, frontal view of head. Fig. 219, dorsal view of head, pronotum, and scutellum. Fig. 220, lateral aspect of pygofer and dorsal view of dersoaplcal angle of same. 133

Plate 38

Idloceropsis tmnldulus (Osborn) - Fig* 221, frontal view of head.

Fig. 222, dorsal view of head, pronotum, and scutellum. Fig. 223, seventh sternum of female. 13^

Plate 39

n r

Idloceropsis myrclae (Caldwell) - Fig- 22kf dorsal view of style.

Fig. 225, lateral view of style. Fig. 226, lateral view of aedeagus.

Fig. 227, lateral view of pygofer. 135

Plate

tfto IJ/ CM

2 a 5“

Idloceropsis marlcensls (Caldwell), hypotype - Fig. 228, dorsal view of style. Fig. 229» lateral view of style. Fig. 230, lateral view of aedeagus. Fig. 231, lateral view of pygofer. Fig. 232, caudal view of apical margin of pygofer. Fig. 233, dorsal view of head, pronotum, and scutellum. Fig. 23^, frontal \!ew of head. Fig. 235, ventral view of right second abdominal sternal apodeme of male. Bibliography

Baker, C. F.

1915. Studies in Philippine Jassoidea, IV: Idiocerina of the

Philippines. Philip, journ. Sci. (D) 10(6}:317“3^3* 23 figs.

Caldwell, J. S. and Martorell, Luis F.

1950. Review of the Auchenorhynchous Homoptera of Puerto Rico.

Journ. Agric. Univ. P. R. 3^(1):1-132, app. i - viii,

56 plates.

China, W. E.

1926. A new genus of Bythoscopidae (Homoptera, Jassoidea). Ann.

Mag. Nat. Hist. 17(9):671-673. 1 fig.

DeLong, D. M. and Caldwell, J. S.

1937. Check list of the Cicadellidae Homoptera of America, North

of Mexico. The Ohio State Univ. (Nov.) IV:93* (under

Bythoscopinae)•

DeLong, D. M.

19^8. The leafhoppers, or Cicadellidae, of Illinois (Eurymelinae -

Balclutninae). Bull. 111. Nat. Hist. Surv. 2^:97-37^.

51U figs.

Distant, W. L.

19°7« Fauna of British India (Rhynchota). ^:193*

Evans, J. W«

19^1. New Australian Leafhoppers. Trans. R. 3oc. South

Australia. 65:37-39.

136 19^3• New Leaf-hoppers from Western Australia. Journ. Roy. Soc.

Western Australia. 27:143-163* 3 plates.

1947. A natural classification of Leaf-hoppers (Jassoidea,

Homoptera). Part 3 Jassidae. Trans. Roy. Ent. Lond. 98;

105-271. 36 figs.

Kirkaldy, G. W.

1906. Leafhoppers and their Natural Enemies (Pt. IV Leafhoppers,

Hemiptera). Bull. Hawaiian Sugar Pi. As3oc. Div. Ent.

1(9):349. 3 figs.

Lewis, R. H.

1834* Description of some new genera of British Homoptera. Trans.

Ent. Soc. London. 1:47-52. plate 7.

Metoa1!. Z. P.

1913. The wing venation of the Jassidae. Ann. Ent. Soc. of

America. 6:103-115. 8 plates.

1942. A Bibliography of the Homoptera (Auchenorhynchn). Vol. I.

1-886. North Carolina State College.

1946. The center of origin theory. Journ. Elisha Mitchell

Scientific Soc. 62(2}:149-175. 19 plates.

1955. New names in Homoptera. Journ. Wash. Acad, 3ci. 45(8):

262-267.

Kaldcnado-Capriles, J,

1954. A note on the genus Idiotettlx Osborn (Homoptera, Cicadel

lidae)* proc. Ent. Soc, Wash. 56(5):247-250. 1 plate. 138 Nast, Janusz

1952. Pour new species of the genus Idlotettix Osborn (Homoptera,

Jassidae). Ann. Musel Zoologici Polonlci 15(1):1-6. 2 plates.

Matsurn, ura, 5.

1912. Die Acocepnallnen und Bythoscoplnen Japans. J* College

Agric. Sapporo U;32^.

Osborn, H.

1923- Neotropical homoptera of the Carnegie Museum. Ann. Carnegie

Mus. 15(1):8-26. 3 .plates, p. 27-29.

192hm III - IV. Neotropical Homoptera of the Carnegie Museum.

Ann. Carnegie Mus. 15(3): 383-396.

1929. A new genus and three new species of South American

Cicadellidae (Homoptera). Ann. Ent, Soc. Amer. 22:^65-^67.

1935* Insects of Porto Rico and the Virgin Island". Homoptera

(excepting the Sternorhynchi). Sci. Surv. of P. R. and tne

Virgin Is., N. Y. Acad. Sci. lU(2):111-260. 71 figs.

Osslannilcson, FreJ

19^9. Insect Drui:*n:ers. A study of the morphology and functions uf

the sound producing organs of Swedisn Homoptera Auchenor-

rhyncha. Opuscula Entomologlca. Suppl. X; vi, 1^5, 13 pi.

CJ’ian, P. W.

19^9. The Neartic Leafhoppers. A generic classification and check

list. Memoir Ent. Soc. Wash. No. 3> 253 PP»# ^ plates. 139

Rivero, Juan

1952* The Salientla of Venezuela. Doctoral Thesis. Harvard

University. Unpublished.

Tate, G. H. and Hitchcock, G. B.

1930. The Cerro Dulda Region of Venezuela, Geogr. Rev.

2 2:31-52, 3 sketches, 16 photos, 1 text map.

Van Duzee, E. P.

1917. Catalogue of the Hemiptera of America North of Mexico.

Excepting the Aphldldae, Coccidae and Aleurodldae. U.

California Publ. Tech. Bull. Ent. 2:1-902.

Zakhvatklng, A. A.

19^5• A Chunra-like Bythoscopid (Homoptera) from east Siberia.

Proc. Roy, ent. Soc. London (B) l^;2-5* 3 fig. Index of species mentioned

Description Illustration page page acuninatus (osborn) 5 112 alb1colli9 (Osborn) 75 123 allmaculatus sp. nov, 3': 97 areatus (Osborn) 64 116 aurantillneatus sp. nov. 44 102 bakerl (Osborn) 70 120 berylllnus sp. nov. 36 97 blllneatus sp. nov. 54 109 breviatus (osborn) r.O 127 carmenae sp. nov. 41 100 costalls (osborn) 125 crlstulatus sp. nov. 52 107 cuprinus sp. nov. 1+0 105 eburnocrriaculotus (osborn) 76 124 exq.ilsltus (Osborn) 65 13o fasclatjs (osbcrn) 66 119 flfaUratns (osborn) 79 126 flangeus (osborn) 67 131 flavidns (osborn) 59 113 flovotlnctus (osborn) 1 12: f ilvus (Osborn) 66 117 fulvotlnctus (osborn) 86 132

11*0 l4l

himertua ap* nov* 47 10k ^yalinus (osborn) 56 110

intricatus (Osborn) 67 lie

^aculifrons (Osbcrn) 6 0 114 i:;agnus (Idictettix) (osborn) 13 noricensis (Caldwell) 91 135 ninutus (Osborn) 62 115

r.ultilineatus sp. nov. 39 99 multimaculatus sp, ncv. 42 101 myrciae (Caldwell) 91 134

occipitalis (Osborn) 74 123

ocellatus (osborn) 71 121

oncercus sp. nov. 45 103

parvulus (osborn) 39 96

principensis (osborn) 83 129

quadrangularis (Osborn) 57 111

rotundifrons (Osborn) 63 115

rugifrons (Osborn) 93

trifasciatus 03b rn (sync nyr, of bakeri) 7C

triruiculatus s; . nov. 51 106

tujrldalus (osborn) 89 133

venezolanus sp. nov. 53 108

vittatus Osborn (synonym of princlpensls) 83

viridicatiis (Osborn) 72 122 AUTOBIOGRAPHY

I, Jenaro Maldonado-Caprlles, was born In Yauco, Puerto Rico,

September 21, 1916. I received my primary and secondary school education in the public schools of my home town. My undergraduate training was obtained at the College of Agriculture and Mechanic

Arts of the University of Puerto Rico at Mayaguez, from which I received the degree of Bachelor of Science in Agriculture in 1939*

From tne School of Tropical Medicine of the university of Puerto

Rico, I obtained the degree of Master in Sanitary Science In 19*H*

From this date until August, 19^6, I worked a6 entomologist in the

Bureau of Malaria Control of the Insular Department of Health. In

August, 19^8, I received an appointment as Assistant Professor in the Biology Department of the College of Science in the abovementioned College of Agriculture. I have held this position up to this date.