Penn Station Opens and the LIRR
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PART 5: P ENN STATION OPENS AND A SUBURBAN COLOSSUS EMERGES (Originally published as Part Three of “The Genesis of “Dashing Dan”) An End to the Beginning: The Long Island Rail Road interesting new station called “Matawok” (for the Makes Ready for the Opening of Pennsylvania Station nearby Matawok Land Co.) was built between Trotting Course Lane and Myrtle Ave. on the grounds of the Even as the officialdom from both railroads was playing Weike Ribbon Factory. Informal use appears to have up the start of operations into Pennsylvania Station begun just after the nearby station at “Brooklyn Hills” during the spring of 1910, related construction and other was shut, with a more formal and very slim schedule of improvements were continuing to engulf the Long trains stopping there when service to Penn Station was Island Railroad. Some were projects directly related to started on the Rockaway Beach Division. the New York Terminal that were delayed in completion; some were late-stage add-ons and just As spring progressed into the summer of 1910 and the getting started; and others were natural upgrades that Penn Station opening pulled ever closer into view, other had no relation to the project at all. Whatever the case, measures were being taken to meet its expected each of these elements would eventually combine to challenges to existing capacity constraints, if not in terms create the classic suburban rapid transit railroad which of ridership then certainly in terms of operational came to personify the L.I.R.R., and still does a century integrity. As previously mentioned, third rail was later. Starting on June 16, 1910 electric trains from the finally added to the middle track of the Far Rockaway Rockaway Beach Division began using the “Glendale Branch in Queens, years after its 1904 triple-tracking, in cut-off” (that is, from both Rockaway Park and Far an effort to create a better operational fit with the Ocean Rockaway to Long Island City, but excluding the “Loop” Electric. As part of overall electrification of the L.I.R.R. route through Valley Stream and Hammels) as an Main Line, the fourth track provided for in the 1909 alternative to the Atlantic Division. These used newly- “Maple Grove Relocation” (and now extended to “AC” installed third rail past Woodhaven Junction and on the Tower) was also finally laid between Metropolitan Ave. Main Line, including the newer trackage from Glendale and a point just shy of Van Wyck, which in turn to White Pot Junction, and from White Pot interlocking obviated the presence of the “Brighton Jct.” lead to the at Remsen Lane to the area of Sunnyside Yard, as far as Atlantic Division and direct access to Brooklyn. This the Hunters Point Avenue overpass. Until being process also foreshadowed a third reconfiguration of the rerouted to Penn Station when it opened three months L.I.R.R. through Jamaica, for which the first related hence, they were stopped before entering the large mass street work commenced on the northerly perimeter July of grade-level switch work that preceded the Long 26 to form a new alignment for Archer Avenue Island City terminal near Borden Ave., all associated (previously short, narrow Archer St.) and provide a with Tower 1 interlocking, which was then so temporary right-of-way through the future work zone, complicated as to defy any attempt at third rail while construction was also begun to reposition Beaver installation. Electrification of the terminal and its special Street on the southerly side. Both tasks were intended to work was omitted as a result, lest its use result in allow a massive elevation of the right-of-way through uninterrupted “gapping” and hazardous arcing which the site of the new station, whose large building could confound operations and damage equipment. foundation lines were first surveyed the following day This situation was very much like that at Penn Station’s across what was then Carlton Street, a side road that was Tower “A” which led to the Pennsy’s use of overhead later to become Sutphin Blvd. A newer and enlarged third rail at the west end of the terminal in Manhattan, elevation then took shape through the area of the new but in this more traditional setting there was no such Jamaica station over the following couple of years, built option so the L.I.R.R. simply curtailed electric train from sandy spoils garnered at another of the L.I.R.R.’s operation short of the interlocking and conveyed the track relocation projects in distant Cold Spring Harbor otherwise-self-propelled coaches into its terminal with on the branch to Wading River. To provide additional steam switchers. At Glendale Junction itself, an capacity for the projected needs of forthcoming Keystone Aspirations: The Evolution, Creation and Construction of Pennsylvania Station “Rockaway Loop” and Long Beach M.U. service to Pennsylvania station, a “fourth” electrified track was With the addition of two new local stations between also added on the “Old Southern” alignment through Penny Bridge and Bushwick Jct., lower profile changes Springfield Junction, from “SM” Cabin just east of were also accomplished in September 1910 on the Laurelton station as far as “VN” Cabin just west of existing Montauk Division (former Southern) main line Valley Stream. Included was a second high platform at that weren’t directly related to the opening of Penn Rosedale station for eastbound trains, located on the Station but rather a response to its own ongoing south side of the new track, which made the older (1906) operations. One was Habermans, located at Berlin (50 th ) installation in the middle a dedicated westbound stop. Street off Laurel Hill Blvd. (56 th Road) and carried the An entirely new gantry-style “SP” Tower was also built name of a historic tin mill on the banks of Newtown across all four tracks, replacing both the original wooden Creek. The original company, later succeeded by version from 1880 and the interim “cabins” created Continental Can, produced cups, plates and cutlery, during the 1906 electrification, which were abolished among many items, for over a century and a half, its soon after its completion. latter-day plant on 55 th Avenue being served by L.I.R.R. local freight trains into the early 1980’s. The other was Though still relatively new to its role as a suburban the third L.I.R.R. station to be called “Maspeth,” this branch (as opposed to the original purpose of being a time located near the Grand Ave. underpass (which seaside excursion railroad) the former New York & Long survives in 2014, albeit rebuilt) at approximately Beach was also remade into a recognizable form of the Hebbard Ave. (58 th Drive). It was also at about this time Long Island Rail Road’s “Long Beach Branch” ahead of that the second track was removed from the branch to its start of service from Pennsylvania Station. Past “VN” Bushwick terminal, while yet another attempt was made Cabin at Valley Stream, where the branch to Far to institute a station stop in the industrial area which Rockaway diverged, two additional electrified main had consumed the Bushwick Branch, this time tracks were laid starting that spring along the southerly somewhat more successfully on the south side of the edge of the original South Side survey as far as grade crossing at “Metropolitan Ave.” A pilot “battery Lynbrook station. “PT” Tower, which had overseen car” was placed on a year-round shuttle between divergence of the branch to Long Beach since its Bushwick and Bushwick Jct. (Fresh Pond) beginning on beginning, was closed and removed, with the junction April 1, 1911, being succeeded by a two-car set after June from then on being remotely-controlled from “VA” of 1913. The first unit was delivered by Federal Storage Tower at Valley Stream. The existing Lynbrook station Battery and carried the description “Beach-Edison” car, layout with separate platforms for main line and branch while the second was built by the Railway Storage to Long Beach remained, but from there a new track was Battery Co. (which may have been another name for the added to the original New York & Long Beach right-of- same concern), but whatever the case they looked like way, which combined with the original single iron to miniaturized trolleys or express motors, supported on a create an electrified 2-track branch through South widely-spaced pair of single axles. As configured by Lynbrook as far as Ocean Avenue. There the line 1914, car #1 was a Combine and #3 a “coach,” with each reverted to a modified (and now electrified) version of having plugs that recharged the batteries for every trip its original single-track state, crossed the Mill River and at either end of the line. This couplet provided all continued into East Rockaway, proceeding from there to Bushwick Branch service until it was discontinued on Long Beach as previous. Like Penn Station itself, each of May 13, 1924. these new tracks and their associated electrical facilities were (in general) completed as of August 27, 1910 and A New Era Begins-Number 1: Electric Commuter all was in apparent readiness for the service extension to Trains from Penn Station Manhattan. L.I.R.R. employee familiarization “drills” on each of the electrified lines that were to receive trains Starting on August 30, 1910 two daily inspection trains from Penn Station began by the middle of that month, were officially sponsored by the Long Island Rail Road simulating most facets of the new operation. Personnel for each of the next four days.