NEWSLETTER OF THE AMERICAN SCHOOL OF CLASSICAL STUDIES AT

ákoueákoueFall 2011, No. 65

Alumni celebrate with the Lion of on the School’s 130th anniversary trip to and . See story on p. 21.

IN THIS ISSUE: New Chairman Announced 2 McCredie Receives Aristeia Award 2 Next School Director Confirmed 3 Excavations 4 Excavations 5 Student Reports 6 New Publications 7 Exhibit Celebrates 130 Years 11 First Robinson Fellows Report 15 Nellie Reed Papers 18 School Members 2011–12 19 Blegen House Revisited 21 INSERT: Gennadeion Mono­ graph on Manuscripts G1 Summer Session G1 New Overseers G2 Elytis Exhibition G3 G3 New Griffon 12 Published G3 Event Schedule for 2012 G4 School Trustees Announce New Chairman

Charles K. Williams stepped down as Chairman of the ASCSA Board of Trust- ees at the conclusion of the October 2011 Board meeting. His devotion to the School over many years has been remarkable, and his leadership as a Trustee since 1997 and Chairman since 2002, as well as Chairman of the Master Planning Committee over the

ákoue! last very active years, has been an inspira- tion to all at the School. The School is grateful also for his im- measurably important role at Corinth, as Director and Director Emeritus, teaching a generation of students, exploring critical areas of the site, and consistently publish- Malcolm Wiener on in 2008. ing illuminating annual reports for nearly 30 continuous years. He has also been the most loyal of supporters of Corinth, The Board of Trustees has elected Mal- providing critical advice and making sig- colm H. Wiener to succeed Mr. Williams as nificant philanthropic contributions for Chairman. Mr. Wiener has been a member the site and its operation. The School of the Board of Trustees since 1984. His community expressed its gratitude to Mr. vision and generosity in the establishment Williams for all that he has done for the of the Malcolm H. Wiener Laboratory have ASCSA by honoring him as a Philhellene helped to define the American School as a at the School’s 130th anniversary events in leader in the important field of archaeo- Athens in June. logical science. Mr. Wiener is a renowned Mr. Williams will remain on the Board scholar in the field of Aegean prehistory, as an active member and will continue to as well as a successful businessman, and a see through some of the major work for the leading philanthropist – a true Master Planning Committee. man and a great Philhellene. e

AMERICAN SCHOOL OF CLASSICAL STUDIES AT ATHENS James McCredie Receives Aristeia Award 54 Souidias Street, GR-106 76 Athens, 6–8 Charlton Street, Princeton, NJ 08540-5232 ASCSA Trustee James R. McCredie is the ákoue, the newsletter of the ASCSA recipient of the 2012 Aristeia Award. The Fall 2011 No. 65 Aristeia Award honors alumni/ae who Executive Editor have provided exceptional service to the Irene Bald Romano American School of Classical Studies at Editor Athens and have contributed in extraor- Sally Fay dinary ways to the School’s mission in Design & Production teaching, research, archaeological explo- Mary Jane Gavenda ration, or publication. Mr. McCredie will be presented with this honor at the Annual ákoue is published semiannually by the Meeting of the ASCSA Alumni Association, ASCSA under the inspiration of Doreen C. Spitzer. Please address all correspondence held during the AIA/APA Annual Meetings and inquiries to the Newsletter­­­ Editor, in Philadelphia in January 2012. ASCSA U.S. Office, 6–8 Charlton Street, James R. McCredie has been a leader at Princeton, NJ 08540-5232. Tel: (609) 683- the School for more than 40 years, having Jim McCredie in Samothrace with his 0800; Fax: (609) 924-0578; E-mail: ascsa@ served in more key positions than anyone wife Marian (Mimsy) in 1987. ascsa.org; Website: www.ascsa.edu.gr. else in the School’s . He began his as- Photo: B. Pounder sociation with the School as a Member and Fellow in 1958–59, 1961–62, and 1965–66. ber of its Executive Committee from 1977 In 1969 he became the youngest-ever Di- ÁKOUE IN COLOR ON THE WEB. to 1982 and as Chairman from 1980 to rector of the School, a position he held See this issue in color on the School’s 1990. In 1990 he was elected to the Board until 1977. He first joined the Managing website at: http://www.ascsa.edu.gr/ of Trustees, served as President of the Board index.php/publications/Akoue/. Committee in 1962 and served as a mem- continued on page 11

2 Managing Committee Confirms New School Director

The ASCSA Managing Committee voted nior Research Scientist and Curator of Old overwhelmingly in favor of the appoint- World Archaeology, as the voting member ment of James C. Wright as the next Direc- for the Smithsonian Institution. tor of the School, for a five-year term be- Subsequent to the May 14 meeting, ginning July 1, 2012. Mr. Wright succeeds the Managing Committee announced the outgoing School Director Jack L. Davis, following committee elections: Executive who will return to his position as Carl W. Committee, 2011–15, Paula Perlman (Uni- Blegen Professor of Greek Archaeology in versity of Texas at Austin) and Barbette Spa- the Department of at the Univer- eth (College of William and Mary); Com- sity of Cincinnati. mittee on Admissions and Fellowships, Mr. Wright is Professor and William R. 2011–15, Dimitri Nakassis (University Kenan Jr. Chair in the Department of Clas- of Toronto); Committee on Committees, sical and Near Eastern Archaeology at Bryn 2011–13, Thomas Figueira (Rutgers, The Mawr College and a distinguished scholar State University) and Jennifer Tobin (Uni- specializing in the pre- and protohistory of versity of at Chicago); Committee the Aegean region and Greek architecture on Libraries and Archives, 2011–15 (Gen- and urbanism. Through his research, many nadius Library), Stephanie Larson (Bucknell publications, and the training of students, University); Committee on Libraries and he has made a significant impact on the Archives, 2011–15 (Archives), Mark Lawall field of Greek archaeology. (University of Manitoba), Betsey Robin- Mr. Wright has a long and deep connec- son (Vanderbilt University), and Bronwen tion to Greece, the land, its people, and its Wickkiser (Vanderbilt University); Com- cultural heritage. A fluent speaker of Greek, mittee on Personnel, 2011–16, Nancy Klein he has conducted archaeological research in Jim Wright at Ayia Sotira, 2008. (Texas A & M University); Committee on Greece since 1973, at the American School’s Publications, 2011–16, John Oakley (Col- excavations at , the Sanc- lege of William and Mary) and Brendan tuary of at Nemea, and Kommos on Graduate School of Arts and Sciences. Burke (University of Victoria); Committee Crete. Since 1981 he has been involved in Mr. Wright holds a B.A. (1968) from on the Summer Sessions, 2011–15, Chris- several projects in the Nemea region, and Haverford College and an M.A. (1972) and tina Salowey (Hollins University); Excava- he is currently the Director of the Nemea Ph.D. (1978) from Bryn Mawr College. tion and Survey Committee, 2011–16, Rob- Valley Archaeological Project. ert Koehl (Hunter College); Committee on His association with the American the Wiener Laboratory, 2011–16, Michael ddd School began in 1972–73 as a Regular Galaty (Millsaps College) and James New­ Member. A long-time Managing Committee The Managing Committee has also con- hard (College of Charleston); Information member, he also served as Secretary of the firmed the reappointment of Guy D. R. Technology Committee, 2011–16, Halford School from 1975 to 1977. Most recently, Sanders as Director of the ASCSA Exca- Haskell (Southwestern University). he has served as Chair of the Excavation vations at Ancient Corinth, for a five-year With Managing Committee Chair Mary and Survey Committee, in which capac- term beginning July 1, 2012. Sturgeon and Vice Chair Peter Krentz both ity he represented the School at a meet- In other business, the Managing Com- having announced their intention not to ing of the U.S. State Department’s Cultural mittee convened on May 14 in New York seek a second term, the Managing Commit- Property Advisory Committee (CPAC) in City for its annual spring meeting where tee proceeded last spring with the forma- Washington, D.C., in support of a bilat- they confirmed the appointment of new tion of a Nominating Committee (consist- eral agreement governing regulation of the representatives. Added to the Managing ing of three committee appointees and one trade in antiquities between the U.S. and Committee were Michael Galaty, Profes- “At Large” member elected by the mem- Greece. Following that meeting, the U.S. sor of Anthropology, and Holly Sypniewski, bership), for selection of the next Manag- State Department signed a Memorandum of Associate Professor of Classical Studies, ing Committee Chair and Vice Chair. In Understanding with the Greek as voting members representing Millsaps voting held after the May meeting, Susan in July 2011 that strengthens regulations to College (a new cooperating institution); Rotroff (Washington University, St. Louis) protect Greece’s cultural patrimony. George Pesely, Professor of History, as a was elected “At Large” member to represent Mr. Wright is an experienced adminis- second voting member representing Aus- the Managing Committee. e trator who has served on many commit- tin Peay State University; Sanjaya Thakur, tees at Bryn Mawr College, at the Ameri- Assistant Professor of Classical Studies, and can School, and elsewhere. He is Chair of Ruth Kolarik, Professor of Art, as voting ON THE WEB: Mellon Professor the Board of Trustees of Friends Central members representing Colorado College Margie Miles is regularly providing School, is a member of the Corporation (a new cooperating institution); Andrew updates on the Academic Program. of Haverford College, and, in addition to Wilburn, Assistant Professor of Classics, Follow her at www.ascsa.edu.gr/ serving as Chair of his department at Bryn as a second voting member representing index.php/programs Mawr College, has been the Dean of the ; and Melinda Zeder, Se-

3 Spring 2011 Excavation Season at Corinth Yields the Unexpected

Even before thinking of reporting some of the results of 2011 excavation season in An- cient Corinth, I want to record my thanks to the present field director of the excava- tions for allowing me to monopolize his excavation permit. Thanks go as well to the excavation team—Agora Excavations staff and ten refreshingly enthusiastic Regular Members of the School (Evelyn Adkins, Tristan Barnes, Jacquelyn Clements, Andriy Fomin, Sara Franck, Reema Habib, Johanna Hobratschk, Katie Lamberto, Emilia Oddo, and Jessica Paga)—in their support of my investigation at the northwest corner of the ancient theater. It was a pleasure just to be in the trenches again, but even more so because of the quality of the information that the excavation team was able to extract from the site. My initial plans were to make a single exploratory trench within a scarp at the northwest corner of the theater where T. L. Shear, Sr. had excavated in the 1920s. The plan was motivated by the existence of Area of the theater at Corinth explored in the spring season. strata of bones, in places over a meter deep, Photo: C.K. Williams that had not yet been investigated in detail. Before excavation commenced in the spring of 2011, I had hoped that the bones would axiom follows a second: the smaller your Numerous questions that have arisen be related to the history and function of the test areas are, the bigger your problems will during the recent excavation remain to be Roman theater and that some of the bones be. Both proved appropriate for the excava- answered by more excavation: What are would be those of exotic beasts killed when tion of 2011. First, the slaughtered animal the dates of the earthquakes that demanded the theater had served as an amphitheater. I bones in the scarp had nothing to do with the construction of two sets of buttresses in was also hoping for more information that the theatrical activities and associated feast- the west parodos? Where was the butcher- I could use in the text I am writing about ing in the theater. Second, the excavation ing done that produced the tons of animal the phases of the Roman theater. produced over a ton of animal bones, the bones dumped over the West Hall of the Never expect that an excavation will preponderance being of cattle, but they are theater? What are the precise design and produce conclusions that you anticipate datable to the fifth century, at which time it dates of a defense wall that follows the edge to be in the soil. After that archaeological appears not only that the theater had been of the peristyle court north of the theater? abandoned, but that its fabric was being Probably, however, the most urgent ques- mined to be used elsewhere. tions directly involve the bone deposit. What was perhaps most rewarding Luckily, many of these questions may be about the excavation is that it plumbed Co- answerable by continued study of what rinthian history from levels associated with has already been found. Once the pottery the west parodos of the Greek theater to and glass associated with the bones are the remains of a twelfth-century Byzantine mended and studied, and Professor Michael settlement. This provided a well-preserved MacKinnon, this past year a fellow at the sequence traceable in the excavation scarp Wiener Laboratory, has fully analyzed the as though the strata had been designed to bones themselves, in-depth research will illustrate a textbook. Because time in the continue into diet, animal husbandry, and field was short, electronic field recording such issues as why pig bones are missing time-consuming, and sieving of the soil from the assemblage. Yes, a single season of extremely important, the area that was ex- excavation can provide material for years of cavated was not as impressively large as research, and this year’s dig in the theater was the depth of soils examined. In fact, it of Ancient Corinth has been anything but seems that with a slight lateral expansion an exception to that rule. An abundance of bones were uncovered of the excavation area, answers to many of during the excavation. the questions raised this year may well be — Charles K. Williams, II Photo: C.K. Williams just inside the scarp. Field Director Emeritus, Corinth Excavations

4 Agora Excavations: From Wells to Walls

Some 55 students, representing 31 colleges and universities from 7 countries, partici- pated in excavations in the Athenian Agora conducted by the School from June 13 to August 5, 2011. As always, our principal collaborator was the Packard Humanities Institute. Ad- ditional support was provided by the Stav- ros Niarchos Foundation through a grant to Randolph-Macon College; the Samuel H. Kress Foundation; the Behrakis Foun- dation; and private individuals. The work presented here could not have been done without their interest and help, which is gratefully acknowledged. The work was supervised for the A�'������������������ ������������������Ephoreia of Clas- sical and Prehistoric Antiquities by Mrs. Nikoletta Saraga and Klio Tsoga, and it is a pleasure here to acknowledge the collegial collaboration we have enjoyed with them over the years. The work was carried out in three sec- tions, two of them overlying the Stoa Poi- East end of Section Beta Gamma from the north with post holes at right. kile and one in the Panathenaic Way. Photo: C. Mauzy Panathenaic Way road itself may have been used as a race a well-known fabricant (XIO/NHS) whose Excavations in Section Beta Gamma were track. With the loss of the putative start- workshop was active in the second half of overseen by Laura Gawlinski and were con- ing line, however, it seemed worthwhile the fourth through the mid-fifth centuries centrated on the main street of the ancient to check this hypothesis. Here we encoun- A.D. city. Rescue excavations by the A' Ephoreia tered four surfaces above the fifth-century It thus seems that the well may be part of the Ministry in the adjacent railway bed B.C. levels, dating from the first to the of the latest phase of the use of the Stoa, of the Athens- railway in Fall 2010 fourth centuries B.C. when the open colonnades were closed – Winter 2011 have caused us to reexam- with rubble walls in order to create rooms. ine our interpretation of a row of square Stoa Poikile A scatter of bronze found in previous stone sockets, designed to hold upright Excavations in Section Beta Eta were su- seasons suggests that the rooms may have wooden posts, which lies across the line pervised by Johanna Hobratschk. Within been used as shops. Such walling-up of stoa of the roadway. When first uncovered, the the Stoa Poikile, we excavated a well that colonnades in the late Roman period is rela- five post-holes were originally interpreted had been uncovered several years ago. The tively common, and legislation prohibiting as part of the simple starting line (hysplex) assumption was that it would prove to be it appears in both the Theodosian Code and for an early race track, of the sort known associated with the Middle Byzantine walls the Codex Justinianus. The process is often from Priene and in Asia Minor. found higher up, but this turned out not associated with the appropriation of public This is no longer the case; it is now clear to be the case. The well was dug to a depth buildings for use by private individuals. that they form part of an enclosure that of close to 7 meters; in places it was stone- In the case of the Stoa, troubles caused by could be roped off, and not a starting line. lined while elsewhere it was tile-lined. The the invasion of Alaric and the Visigoths in An area of unexcavated fill at the extreme diameter was ca. 0.65 m. and there was am- ca. 396 A.D. may well have weakened any east end of the section was opened up to try ple water from 1.00 m. on down. Over 100 public authority over the building, which to determine the full east-west dimensions. pots were recovered, many intact or nearly by this time lay some 200 meters outside A good sequence of seven hard-packed so. They were largely closed shapes of vari- the fortified limits of the city. We know that gravel road surfaces were excavated, dating ous sizes, undecorated except for a thin it had been stripped of its famous paintings from early Roman (first century B.C./A.D.) dull wash or slip, and we have tentatively at about this same time; Bishop Synesios to early Hellenistic times (third century dated the assemblage to the fifth and sixth visited in the years around 400 A.D. and B.C.). The post-holes, originally dated late centuries A.D. Several of the larger jars had was bitterly disappointed when he discov- fifth century B.C., lie somewhat lower down substantial dipinti in bright red paint on the ered that the paintings had recently been and should be exposed next season. shoulder, and one gouged pitcher has what removed. There is also some evidence that A second trench was opened up to ex- seems to be a name incised on its neck. later, in the third quarter of the fifth century amine the road surfaces somewhat to the Two lamps were also recovered. One, in A.D., the Vandals made an attack on Ath- west. A series of several hardpacked level red clay, has a disk showing playing surfaces has suggested in the past that the a flute. The underside carries the name of continued on page 15

5 Student Reports

Epigraphic Analysis Via nates by calculating the degree of distortion mid-to-late fifth century, I contend that the of the lines and differences in the angle founders of the deliberately 3D Laser Scanning of the light hitting the surface from differ- continued and expanded the policies of the ent directions. Each scan covers an area of Peisistratids, only changing the way they Kelcy Sagstetter about 6 square centimeters. In two weeks were perceived and framed. University of Pennsylvania we collected approximately 200 scans, and In the immediate aftermath of Kleis- 2010–11 Edward Capps Fellow we then proceeded to process the data in thenes’ reforms, something like an anti- several different software systems to refine tyranny mania sprang up, including a hero During August and September 2010, I par- the images. cult honoring Harmodios and Aristogeiton, ticipated in a technology-based field school Initial results proved promising. We whose descendants were granted free run by UCLA, with collaboration from the found support for several readings of par- meals for life in the Agora. Drinking songs Center for Advanced Spatial Technology tial letters and noted some formerly brack- heroized the tyrannicides and exhorted all (CAST) at the University of Arkansas and eted letters that confirm certain restora- citizens to imitate them. ’ Alk- the International Heritage Conservancy tions by manipulating the 3D point-cloud maeonid and Philaid sources went to great Foundation in . We learned about data in a software program called OPTOcat. lengths to “prove” that their ancestors had archaeological applications of technology While we have not found anything from the had no part in the policies of the , such as 3D laser scanning, GIS, GPS, ma- central part of the stone, which contains often to the point of absurdity. The Athe- nipulation of point cloud data in various the largest lacunas, we planned to continue nians’ anti-tyranny showed time software programs, and artifact photog- to refine the data in a different software and again that they both disavowed any raphy and photogrammetry. During this program (Rapidform). In addition to the association with the tyrants and revered time, I arranged a collaborative project with visual manipulation (which, however ac- the lawgivers Drakon and , even CAST to use one of their close-range 3D curate, is still subjective and qualitative), though analysis of sources on Solon show scanners on inscriptions in the Epigraphic we experimented with importing the data many “tyrannical” policies, and the Delian Museum in Athens. The idea behind this into GIS and LIDAR, with the hope of ob- League’s treatment of their allies belied project is that if an inscription has a surface taining a quantitative check on our visual such a clean break with the actions of the that is worn smooth, traces of letters may assessment of the data. In January, I went Peisistratids. My ultimate goal is to trace a remain that are invisible to the naked eye. to Arkansas to work in the computer lab continuity of policy, a “habit of tyranny,” The scanner can capture this slight varia- at CAST, and was awarded a fellowship and to explore the relationship between the tion in surface topography, and by using that will allow me access to their software changing rhetorical ethos and the political various software programs to manipulate licenses. I plan to return to Arkansas this reality of the times. the 3D data, we can see letters formerly year to continue work with my colleagues In March, I presented both my work not visible to increase our understanding on our data from the stele. with 3D scanning and my preliminary dis- of the inscription. During my year at the School, I also sub- sertation research in a Tea Talk. I obtained permission to scan the stele mitted my prospectus. In my dissertation, containing Drakon’s Law on Homicide with entitled “From Solon to the Delian League: ddd the kind support and assistance of Dr. Ron- The Athenian Habit of Tyranny,” I analyze Nestor’s Megaron: ald Stroud of the University of California, the laws of Solon and Drakon as registers Berkeley, and the director and staff of the for invented tradition in the fifth century. Context­ual­izing a Mycen­ Epigraphic Museum, as well as a grant from Public documentation and show aean Institution at Dr. Michael Gagarin at the University of that Athenians of the late fifth century Texas. The surface of Drakon’s law is worn wished to return to ta patria, or ancestral Emily Egan smooth in many places and covered with customs, using the laws of Solon and Dra- University of Cincinnati a patina, yet the original surface survives kon to accomplish this. But as so often 2010–11 Ione Mylonas Shear Fellow with no major voids. This makes it an occurs with this kind of impulse toward excellent candidate for 3D imaging. My reversion to ancestral customs, classical- As 2010–11 Ione Mylonas Shear Fellow, I colleagues brought CAST’s Breuckmann era interpretation was very different from was able to accomplish a number of aca- SmartSCAN white light scanner, a close- archaic reality. I suggest that Solon was in demic goals, bringing me many steps closer range machine that captures 3D images fact not the moderate statesman and fair- to completing my Ph.D. The first of these with an accuracy as small as 40 microns. minded lawgiver that posterity has almost goals was to gather data for my dissertation Rather than a laser, the Breuckmann uses universally dubbed him, but was in fact a on the megaron at the Palace of Nestor at white light. A projector emits the light in radical reformer who shared many char- Pylos. This I accomplished in November, different patterns across the object being acteristics with Greek tyrants, especially when I traveled to Pylos to study material scanned. There are two cameras, positioned of Athens. I then investigate in the apotheke of the Chora Archaeologi- at different distances on each side of the the foreign and domestic policies of the cal Museum. Over a period of three weeks projector. Because they are at different Peisistratid tyrants in order to compare I carefully documented and photographed angles, the cameras capture distorted im- them to those of the Delian League. De- all of the small finds from the palace mega- ages of the lines. The scanner then makes spite a drastic shift in attitudes toward the precise measurements of x, y, and z coordi- tyrants and the anti-tyranny rhetoric of the continued on page 8

6 Publications News

Thanks to the tireless the symposium in context στεγα efforts of Carol Stein,land of sikyon Kathleen Lynch is Associate Profes- Kevin T. Glowacki is Assistant Profes- This presents the first well- This volume presents the papers of sor in the Department of Classics at the sor of Art and Architectural History at preserved set of sympotic pottery recov- an international colloquium on the ar- Mike Fitzgerald,University Timo of Cincinnati. She has -worked “The major objectivesTexas of theA&M study University. are excellent ered from a householdστεγα near the Athenian chaeology of houses and households in on sites in Italy, Greece, Albania, and Land of Sikyon Agora. The deposit contains utilitarian ancient Crete held in Ierapetra in May ones, and reflect the best current directions of Τhe Αrchaeology of Ηouses and . Archaeology and History of a Greek City-State pottery studies . . . Natalia[They] Vogeikoff-Brogandemonstrate deci- is Doreen and fine-ware pottery, nearly all the -fig 2005. The 38 papers, which range from Canaday Spitzer Archivist of the Ameri- ured pieces of whichΗouseholds are forms associated in Αncient Crete a study of household activities at Neo- sively how much greater the whole is than the thy Wardell, Tracey Cul- can School of Classical Studies at Athens. with communal drinking. The archaeo- lithic Phaistos to a discussion of the sum of its parts.” logical context allows the iconography domestic correlates of “globalization” of the figured wares to be associated during the Early , dem- — Nicholas D. Cahill, Professor of Art History, with a specifically Athenian worldview, EDITED BY onstrate a variety of methodological University of Wisconsin-MadisonYANNIS A. LOLOS len, Mark Landon, Sarah in contrast to Attic figured pottery made KEVIN T. GLOWACKI AND approaches to the understanding of the the symposium for export markets. Since it comes from NATALIA VOGEIKOFF-BROGAN built environment in all of its manifesta- in context a single house, the pottery reflects the tions. Key themes include the variabil- George Figueira, Mary Jane purchasing patterns and thematic prefer- ity of domestic organization and house- Pottery from a Late Archaic House ences of the homeowner. The multifac- hold composition; the role of houses Ancient Sikyon, in the northeastern , was a major player on the Mediterranean stage, near the Athenian Agora eted approach adopted here shows that and households in mediating social especially in the Archaic and Hellenistic periods. This comprehensive study combines a discussion meaning and use are inherently related, (and perhaps even ethnic) identity; and of the geological and historicalGavenda, background with the results of originaland research baseda onphalanx many years of and that through archaeology we can household activities of all types, from restore a context of use for a class of basic subsistence to production and of archaeological fieldwork. Author Yannis Lolos, drawing upon the limited excavations in Sikyonia, GLOWACKI AND VOGEIKOFF-BROGAN objects frequently studied in isolation. consumption at a suprahousehold level. literary sources, and mostly his own extensive survey data, traces the history of the human presence in the territory of Sikyon freelancers,from prehistory to the . A series 2011 of detailed maps plots thewill see position of many previously unknown roads, fortifications, and settlement sites. “[This book] contributes valuable information about what an Athenian family was actually “This volume comprises an important and useful collection of papers the publication of eight using, which helps us make inferences about reflecting the state of household archaeology and domestic studies on ancient Crete.” “Lolos has established what must stand as the most comprehensive account their behavior. . . . Readers will find it useful of the visible antiquities of the Sikyonia.” and interesting to examine a household assem- blage, especially to be able to study an Athenian — Bradley A. Ault, Associate Professor of Classics monographs and four is- University at Buffalo — Mark Munn, Professor of History, Greek Archaeology, and house’s well-preserved assortment of pottery Classics and Ancient Mediterranean Studies, Penn State University KATHLEEN M. LYNCH LOLOS used for symposia.” LYNCH “Cretan material is distinctively different from material from elsewhere in “Land of Sikyon representssues a major advance of in our understandingHesperia of an . The entire — Martha K. Risser, Associate Professor of the Greek world. This volume could therefore be influential in stimulating important region of the Peloponnese. Apart from its contribution to our Classics, Trinity College debate about regionalism in the domestic sphere in different periods.” knowledge of Sikyon itself, it helps to clarify the geographical and politi-

cal relationships between that state and Corinth, Phlious, and Kleonai, Publications staff looks for- — Lisa Nevett, Professor of Classical Archaeology and so will be welcomed by scholars with interests in all those areas.” University of Michigan, Ann Arbor ISBN 978-0-87661-539-3 — Mark Landon, Visiting Assistant Professor, Department of Classics, Back cover: Front cover: Mount Holyoke Collegeward to attending Backthe cover: AIA/ Small-scale recreation of the Early Minoan Front cover: Building A of Cluster B2 at the Hellenistic (Left)Type C , owl between two tendrils settlement at Phournou Koryphi, Myrtos, as Type C cup, bearded male figure holding a settlement of Trypitos, Siteia, from the west. (Right) Type C cup, eight-spoke wheel viewed from the west. Photo J. Atkinson Corinthian skyphos Photo N. Vogeikoff-Brogan Yannis Lolos is an Associate Professor in the Department of History, Archaeology and Social APAAnthropology at the UniversityJoint of . Annual Meeting 39 46 44 ASCSA ASCSA ASCSA in Philadelphia in Janu- ary 2012 and to visiting Three new titles in the Hesperia Supplement series were recently released. with attendees at the book exhibit. One of the most notable Exploring Greek Manuscripts in the Gen- Issue 80.3 features articles by Jo Day changes to the ASCSA’s monographs is the nadius Library (Maria L. Politi and Eleni (“Crocuses in Context: A Diachronic Sur- relaunch of the Hesperia Supplements Pappa, eds., Gennadeion Monographs VI, vey”), Carolyn C. Aslan (“A Place of Burn- series. We have given 2011’s Hesperia in English and editions). ing: Hero or Ancestor Cult at ”), Don- Supplements a complete, full-color cover ald C. Haggis et al. (“Excavation of Archaic redesign intended to draw attention to the Four other , in print as of this Houses at Azoria in 2005–2006”), and Guy series, distinguish each volume as a distinct writing, are scheduled to be available for Hedreen (“Bild, Mythos, and Ritual”). The monograph, and help dispel any confusion purchase at the annual AIA/APA meetings online edition includes color images in that Hesperia Supplements are tied to the in Philadelphia: each article. journal. Issue 80.4 includes articles by Peter Day The Gennadeion Monographs series Inscriptions: The Dedicatory Monuments et al. (“A World of Goods: Transport Jars in also relaunched with the publication of (Daniel J. Geagan, Agora XVIII) LBA Kommos”), Thomas F. Tartaron et al. Exploring Greek Manuscripts in the Genna- The Early Bronze Age Village on Tsoungiza (“SHARP: Investigations at Mycenaean Ka- dius Library, the series’ first new volume Hill (Daniel J. Pullen, Nemea Valley Ar- lamianos”), Evi Gorogianni (“The Goddess, published since 1992 and the first to be chaeological Project I) Lost Ancestors, and Dolls”), Margaret M. published in two language editions (Eng- Miles (“The Lapis Primus and the Older Par- lish and modern Greek). Land of Sikyon: Archaeology and History of a thenon”), and Duncan B. Campbell (“An- In 2012 we will usher in the ability to Greek City-State (Yannis A. Lolos, Hesperia cient Catapults: Some Hypotheses Reex- purchase ASCSA eBooks online, either Supplement 39) amined”). The online edition also contains alone or in a print + electronic bundle (print ΣΤΕΓΑ: The Archaeology of Houses and color images for three of the five articles. for the office, digital for traveling). We also Households in Ancient Crete (Kevin T. All issues of Hesperia are available online plan to launch print-on-demand (POD) Glowacki and Natalia Vogeikoff-Brogan, to subscribers at www.jstor.org. Individual books for a selection of out-of-print titles. eds., Hesperia Supplement 44). subscribers receive access to the ddd full run of the journal as well as A page-proof of Joseph L. Rife’s : access to PDF versions of vol- As of this writing, three 2011 titles are in The Byzantine Graves and Human Remains umes in the Athenian Agora, print and available for purchase on ascsa. (Isthmia IX) is also slated to be on view in Corinth, and Hesperia Supple- edu.gr via our distributors, The David the ASCSA’s booth in the AIA/APA exhibi- ment series. Institutional subscribers can Brown Book Company (North America) tion hall. opt to receive access to the full run or can and Oxbow Books (the rest of the world): ddd choose to maintain access to the back con- tent only on JSTOR. All subscribers have of Peirene: A Corinthian Fountain Interim Editor of Hesperia Mark Landon the option of selecting print + electronic in Three Millennia (Betsey A. Robinson, and Production Manager Sarah George (includes the print version of the journal Ancient Art and Architecture in Context 2) Figueira continue to manage the publica- plus online access to all content on JSTOR) tion of Volume 80. Issues 80.2 and 80.3 The Symposium in Context: Pottery from a or electronic-only. For more information are available both in print and on JSTOR, Late Archaic House near the Athenian Agora on Hesperia subscriptions, contact Andrew and issue 80.4 is scheduled to be available (Kathleen M. Lynch, Hesperia Supplement Reinhard at [email protected]. online in late 2011 with the print edition 46) soon to follow. — Andrew Reinhard, Director of Publications

7 Student Reports continued from page 6

between different palatial centers. In early atop the some thirty years later, April, I gave a tea talk on this new find in they again chose to represent historical the saloni of the ASCSA, where I presented battles (what seems to be a scene of some of my ideas about the figure’s func- fighting and, surprisingly, a scene tion. This talk greatly benefited my work. of Athenians fighting other Greeks) next to Not only was I able to discuss my ideas, mythological clashes on the frieze of the but I was also able to develop them fur- Ionic temple. ther with the assistance of other scholars Up to this point, no scholarship has in residence at the School, who gave me sought to explain why the Greeks es- many constructive comments and pointed chewed representing historical events on me in new research directions. With this public monuments, and very few schol- help, I wrote up a more formal version of ars have posited why this changed. For this talk, which I will present at the AIA the few looking to explain this shift, the Annual Meeting in January 2012. change is often attributed to the adoption of “democracy.” It is not hard to see why Emily Egan in the apotheke of the Chora ddd Museum looking at pottery from the Western scholars were attracted to the megaron. idea that the democratic process changed Past and Present in Athenian perceptions of historical causa- Fifth-Century Athenian tion and thus inspired them to erect im- ron including pottery fragments, pieces of Monumental Art ages of modern battles with mythological metal and stone objects, and plaster tables ones. This answer represents a century-old of offering. During this time I also un- Lincoln Nemetz-Carlson tradition of ascribing all changes in mate- dertook a thorough study of the megaron Ohio State University rial culture to the democratic constitution building itself, inspecting its architecture 2010–11 Kress Art and Architecture in but, for multiple reasons, this no longer and other aspects of its physical relation- Antiquity Fellow seems tenable. My dissertation tries to ship with the palace at large. move the discussion away from the influ- After completing my data collection, I Thanks to generous funding from the Kress ence of “democracy,” which the Athenians returned to Athens and the Blegen Library, Foundation, I have made tremendous themselves were not always comfortable where I was able to find primary reports strides in my research, which explores how addressing in monuments, to an attempt on the palace and its environs and well as ancient Greeks perceived time, historical to understand the relationship between sources of comparanda for my artifactual causation, and human agency by looking these specific events, ideology, and a material. I also spent over a month working at monumental artwork in the fifth century. state-controlled “memory” of recent events. in the Blegen Archives (under the expert My dissertation concerns the first depic- My dissertation begins by reviewing supervision of Natalia Vogeikoff-Brogan), tions of recent and contemporary events scholarship on historical monuments and where I was able to examine all of the origi- in Greece in monumental art. investigating possible reasons why monu- nal excavation notebooks, drawings, and The problem my thesis addresses is that mental depictions of historical events did photographs associated with Carl Blegen in the and , for much of not appear in mainland Greece until the and Marion Rawson’s excavation of the Pal- their history, leaders commonly erected fifth century, including but not limited ace of Nestor site from 1939 to 1966. These monuments depicting scenes of battles and to the impact of “middling ideology,” the notes were an invaluable resource for my other historical events; in Greece, however, limitations on Archaic political figures, the dissertation work, providing a wealth of there are no monumental representations lack of polis armies, and the role of Panhel- unpublished information and new insights of recent events until the fifth century. Un- lenism. I then look at the first monument on old topics. der the , this changes erected to the -Slayers shortly after Among those finds that I recorded and suddenly and dramatically. Soon after the the reforms of in 508/7. As the studied during my time as the Shear Fellow, reforms of Cleisthenes, the Athenians statues seem to be completely novel in sev- one object in particular commanded much erected portrait statues of the so-called Ty- eral respects, I seek to explain the circum- of my attention. This was a piece of a large, rant Slayers. This seems to have been the stances surrounding the erection of such wheel-made terracotta bovid figure, which first purely secular, commemorative monu- a unique monument. In short, I argue that I found mixed in among the megaron pot- ment dedicated in Greece. In the 460s, the we should not see the first Tyrannicides tery. This find, unnoticed by the excava- general Cimon and his circle commissioned as stemming from a new concept of the tors, is first of its kind to be found in a the famous Stoa Poikile, or Painted Stoa. In individual under the democracy. Rather, Mycenaean megaron and the first found in this building, alongside large paintings of I suggest that the new regime, looking to the region of . As such, it supple- the mythical battles against Amazons and downplay the novel nature of their reforms, ments scholarly knowledge of the distribu- the taking of Troy, the Athenians erected intentionally drew upon traditional athletic tion of such figures in Bronze Age Greece. pictures of the and the statuary practices to honor Harmodius and It also, however, holds the potential to shed Battle of Oinoe. When the Athenians built Aristogeiton in the Agora. In my analysis new light on the function of such figures the small but ornate temple of the Stoa Poikile, I attempt to explain the in Mycenaean society, and the interactions continued on page 10

8 Remembering Edward Capps

In June 2011 the great-nephew of Edward the to Greece in 1920–21 is Capps, Daniel Capps, and his wife Nancy also memorialized on the plaque. made a pilgrimage from Phoenix, Arizona In 2009 the American School launched to Athens to see the memorials to Edward the Edward Capps Society to recognize and Capps in the Athenian Agora and at the honor, during their lifetimes, those indi- American School. Director Jack Davis and viduals who have provided for the future Administrative Director Irene Romano wel- of the School or any of its departments or comed the Cappses and enjoyed the oppor- program centers, including the Gennadius tunity to remember Edward Capps and his Library, by making a gift commitment to vital importance to the School. the School in the planning of their estates The Edward Capps Belvedere is a lovely or through a significant outright gift to the resting spot and exedra on the Kolonos Ag- School’s permanent endowment fund. Daniel Capps at the Capps Belvedere. oraios, just below the Hephaisteion, over- The Society was named in memory of looking the ancient Agora and with vistas Edward Capps who, at the time of his death to the Acropolis and Mt. Lykavittos. The in 1950, was lauded by the New York Times the penury into which it had fallen during inscribed Hymettian marble plaque honors as “the best-loved foreigner in Greece.” . He spearheaded fundraising Edward Capps (1866–1950) as “Scholar, Capps was decorated twice by the Greek campaigns that resulted in the establish- Philhellene, Chairman of the Commission government for his leadership in support ment of the endowment that supports the for the Excavation of the Athenian Agora.” of relief efforts during and after the world School today, while masterminding its ar- In the front hall of the American wars that ravished . A committed chaeological excavations in the Athenian School’s Main Building is a bronze plaque Philhellene, he campaigned vigorously in Agora and presiding over the gift to the that remembers Edward Capps’ career and the United States for Greek causes through School of the magnificent library of John service at the School as a student member his advocacy group, “The American Friends Gennadius and the opening of the Gen- in 1893–94, as Director in 1935–36, and of Greece.” Edward Capps served for more nadeion in 1926. He rightly deserves to be as Chairman of the Managing Committee than 20 years as Chairman of the Managing recognized as the “Second Founder of the from 1918 to 1938. His appointment by Committee of the American School, res- American School.” e President as Minister of cuing the School through his genius from

Behrakis Foundation Mr. Hunter Lewis and Development News Mrs. Joan Bingham Ms. Elizabeth Sidamon-Eristoff Mrs. Patricia N. Boulter Mr. and Mrs. William T. Loomis The Capital Campaign for the School has Mr. Andrew P. Bridges and Professor McCabe Family surpassed the $26 million mark toward Rebecca Lyman Fowler Merle-Smith Family Charitable a $50 million goal; the Annual Appeal Brown Foundation, Inc. Lead Trust for 2010–2011 reached its highest total Canellopoulos Foundation Mrs. Annette Merle-Smith ever with nearly $300,000 contributed; Betsy Z. Cohen and Edward E. Cohen Mr. and Mrs. Nassos Michas and the total funds raised for the past Mr. Lloyd Cotsen and Mrs. Margit Cotsen Mrs. Irene Moscahlaidis fiscal year exceeded $3 million – all great Council of American Overseas Research National Endowment for the Humanities achievements during these uncertain Centers Stavros S. Niarchos Foundation economic times. Mr. and Mrs. Henry P. Davis Oceanic Heritage Foundation To all who have contributed to the Prof. Jack L. Davis and Dr. Sharon Stocker OPAP S.A. School—to general giving or to specific N. Demos Foundation, Inc. Mr. and Mrs. James H. Ottaway, Jr. departments or projects—THANK YOU! Dr. Robert Desnick and Packard Humanities Institute We are deeply grateful for your generosity. Mrs. Julie Herzig Desnick Philoi tes Gennadeiou Below are those individuals and or- Ms. Dorothy Dinsmoor Randolph-Macon College ganizations who contributed $5,000 or Jessie Ball duPont Fund Prof. and Mrs. Hunter R. Rawlings III more over the period from July 1, 2010 European Economic Area/Hellenic Ministry Luther I. Replogle Foundation through June 30, 2011: of Economy, Competitiveness & Shipping Mr. and Mrs. Petros Sabatacakis Alapis SA Horace W. Goldsmith Foundation Marilyn M. Simpson Charitable Trusts American Research Institute in Turkey Institute for Aegean Prehistory Mr. Phaedon Tamvakakis and Mr. Stathis Andris Mr. and Mrs. Michael Jaharis, Jr. Ms. Anastasia Dimitrakopoulou Anonymous Joukowsky Family Foundation Dr. and Mrs. Constantine T. Tsitsera Arete Foundation Samuel H. Kress Foundation U.S. Department of Education ASCSA Alumni/ae Association Mr. George Labalme Jr. Malcolm Hewitt Wiener Foundation Mr. and Mrs. Ted Athanassiades Professor Mary R. Lefkowitz Mr. and Mrs. Malcolm H. Wiener Dr. Nicholas Bacopoulos and Mr. and Mrs. Anastasios Leventis Professor Charles K. Williams, II Dr. Calypso Gounti A.G. Leventis Foundation Mr. and Mrs. Alexander E. Zagoreos

9 Student Reports continued from page 8 curious juxtaposition of scenes depicting of the conquests, and the early . I presented this case in a work-in-prog- historical battles with mythical tales, argu- In my dissertation research, I discovered ress seminar in the in ing that the Stoa’s program was adapted that one of the most infamous medieval sto- May 2011, and am drafting an article based from Eastern practices and represents a ries about Muhammad (that of his death) on this material. concerted effort by Cimon and his circle to is not a Christian fantasy, but derives from ddd negotiate the nascent role of Athens as im- early Muslim sources. The first Muslims perial hegemon by drawing on Persian and had two rival accounts of Muhammad’s Populating the Nemea Eastern Greek antecedents. Later chapters death: the one came to dominate descrip- will focus on the friezes of the tions of this event from the ninth century Valley Landscape and the Athena Nike temple, respectively. onward, but the other, reflected in Chris- I hope my work will be important to our tian sources, also crops up occasionally Christian Cloke understanding of both these odd monu- in early Muslim writings. This discovery University of Cincinnati 2010–11 A. and Dorothy B. Thomp- ments and Athenian perceptions of time. prompted me to carefully compare addi- son Fellow and Paul Rehak Memorial tional Christian polemical narratives about ddd Traveling Fellow Muhammad and the rise of Islam to Muslim The Body of Muhammad sources; since undertaking my research in the Gennadius Library, this meant medi- I spent the 2010–11 academic year in in Christian-Muslim eval Byzantine narratives. During the time I Greece carrying out research relevant to my Polemic spent there, I found that a few characteristi- dissertation on the archaeological history of cally Byzantine stories might as well origi- the Nemea Valley from the Archaic to the Krisztina Szilagyi nate in the Muslim tradition, and could Late Roman period, with particular atten- conclusively prove this about one of them. tion given to firsthand study of ceramics. 2010–11 M. Alison Frantz Fellow The latter narrative concerns the epithet On site at the Nemea Museum, I was holosphyros, applied to the Muslim God in able to complete my study of the ceramic many Byzantine writings. Etymologically, finds (approximately 2,000 historical pe- Scholars of Islam have for centuries dis- the word means “hammer-beaten,” and riod sherds, as well as many other finds) missed out of hand medieval Christian modern scholars thus usually consider it from the Nemea Valley Archaeological Proj- narratives about Muhammad and the rise a baseless Byzantine slander against Islam: ect (NVAP) that will form the basis for my of Islam. Ever since the early modern pe- Muslims certainly did not believe in a ham- dissertation. During the final month of my riod, when Muslim Arabic texts became mer-beaten God. But the word holosphyros work at the museum, I focused on pottery accessible to scholars in Europe and the entered Byzantine polemical literature via collected in survey tracts (as opposed to discrepancy between their narrative of the an early Greek translation of the Qur’a¯n, on the surface at identified sites, the basis beginnings of Islam and that of medieval rendering a problematic Arabic word (al- of my first foray into the material last sum- Christian writings became evident, schol- samad), and a brief look into an exegetical mer), and have now examined all historical ars considered the former of superior value. . compendium that records the opinions of pottery collected from tracts outside the site Muslim Arabic texts, with their endless lists many Muslim exegetes from the eighth and of Phlius and its immediate surroundings. of names and excruciatingly detailed presen- ninth centuries revealed that in this period The information I recorded will allow tations of events, seemed more reliable than the majority of Muslim exegetes held that me to compare on-site and off-site mate- the Christian ones, which contained many the Arabic word should be understood as rial, both in terms of its size and its func- bizarre legends in acrimonious language. “solid” or “not hollowed.” This is not very tional variability. For instance, it will now But an angry can be just as right far from the Greek term holosphyros. Fur- be possible to determine whether pottery as a polite one. Recent scholarship on Is- ther, in the eighth and ninth centuries sev- found in higher densities away from sites lam proved early non-Muslim sources on eral Muslim theologians and even impor- tends to be smaller in size and is therefore Islam invaluable for reconstructing the tant Muslim sects considered God to be cor- a potential indicator of manuring of ag- events of the seventh century. Similarly, I poreal—unlike Christians and unlike later ricultural land in certain periods (since a believe, scholars should afford eighth- and Muslims. Therefore, I argue that the early preponderance of small sherds would rep- ninth-century Christian texts careful con- Byzantines, when they used the word holos- resent material likely to have become en- sideration. Classical Islam, represented in phyros as an epithet of God, did not misun- meshed in household waste). Site material, the vast majority of Muslim writings that derstand or misrepresent Muslim theology, it seems from my preliminary tabulation of have come down to us, has not taken full but instead revealed a good knowledge of results, is heavier on average than off-site shape until the tenth or eleventh century contemporary Muslim understanding of material, but other patterns in the data are A.D., and Christian texts thus often give God and Muslim exegetes’ interpretation of also beginning to emerge, which seem re- us glimpses of pre-classical Islam obscured the qur’a¯nic word. This argument is further flective of more widespread and extensive in the Muslim tradition. In this endeavor, supported with the contemporary Greek agriculture in the Middle and Late Roman the primary goal is not to reconstruct the usage of the word holosphyros, from which periods (when off-site finds were routinely historical beginnings of Islam, but rather it appears that there is no need to translate smaller in size). Likewise, my recording of to gain insights into eighth- and ninth- it etymologically as “hammer-beaten” but the functional variability of finds both on century Muslims’ understanding of God, rather simply as “solid.” continued on page 12 their image of the Prophet, their memory

10 Exhibit Celebrates 130 Years of School History

“As it is better to know early years of the School’s operation. The than to know what has been written about hotels were infested with fleas to the point Greek literature, so it is better to know that the students had to use sleeping bags, Greece than to know what has been writ- which they tied around their necks. One ten about Greece… In other words, an student wrote to his parents in 1895: “Last American scholar will be a better teacher night was a profitable night, for I learned of Greek literature, as well as of history, if how to use a sleeping-bag. I first tried fas- he has visited Greece.” These words be- tening it around my neck but the bugs soon long to Thomas Day Seymour, who was a got to work above the line. The only proper professor at and the second way to use the thing is to draw it over your chairman of the School’s Managing Com- head so that only nose and mouth project.” mittee, and form part of a long account, The exhibit stopped at 1980 for a couple published in 1902, of the early years of the of reasons: one was space, the other was the American School. 30-year rule that has been imposed on the To celebrate the 130th anniversary of institutional records of the School. Natalia the American School of Classical Studies at Vogeikoff-Brogan designed and curated the Athens, the Archives organized an exhibit— exhibit, and Eleftheria Daleziou prepared “It is better to know Greece than to know the short videos. what has been written about Greece.” More The exhibit was sponsored by Cornell Than a Century of Teaching at the Ameri- University Friends of the American School can School of Classical Studies at Athens— and Trustee Hunter H. Rawlings. dedicated to the School’s annual academic School trip to Porto Raphti, 1933. Eugene program. Unlike the other foreign schools, Vanderpool, Lucy Shoe, and RodneyYoung. ­— Natalia Vogeikoff-Brogan which prioritized excavation in Greece, Doreen Canaday Spitzer Archivist teaching formed the core of the School’s rich program from the very beginning. More than (a.k.a. the Peloponnesian trip) and the a century later, the School still leads a vigor- Northern Trip. The latter, however, did Aristeia Award ous and rigorous teaching program, provid- not include either Thessaly or Macedonia, continued from page 2 ing its students with first-hand knowledge since those areas were under Ottoman rule of ancient and modern Greece, which will until 1913. Even after their liberation, the of Trustees from 2001 to 2010, and contin- make them better teachers of Greek litera- School did not incorporate Macedonia into ues on the Board to this day. His service ture, history, art, and archaeology. its program until 1960, under the initiative to the School has been nothing short of Photos and documents from the Amer- of Director Henry S. Robinson. The exhibit extraordinary. ican School’s academic program were on was enhanced with photos from trips that Mr. McCredie has also made outstand- display in the Basil Room of the Gennadius the members of the School took throughout ing contributions to the excavation, study, Library from June 4 through September its long history. and publication of the Sanctuary of the 30. Large mounted posters outlined the The exhibit also highlighted the history Great Gods on Samothrace, an affiliated most important events in the history of of School fellowships, beginning with the es- project of the American School. In 1962 he the American School and Greece, such as tablishment of the first two in 1895–96: one became field director of the renewed exca- the , the Asia Minor Disaster, for studies in archaeology and one for stud- vations on Samothrace by NYU’s Institute and even the devaluation of the drachma ies in literature and history, to be awarded of Fine Arts, an institution with which he in 1953. Also on view were many photos on the basis of examinations. Samples of has been affiliated for 50 years, from his and other memorabilia devoted exclusively the examinations that the students took in first teaching appointment in 1961 and to the history of the academic program. 1901, as well as later in 1924, were shown. including a long period as Director from In addition, a video installation streamed In the early 1920s the American School 1983 to 2002. A generation of students and short film clips for each of the School’s de- went one step further by establishing a new fellow scholars at the American School, cades through 1970, and a Super 8–format program—the Summer Session—a 5- to in Greece, and at the IFA are indebted to movie by Jon Mikalson showed the class of 6-week abridged version of its full program him as their teacher and mentor, as well 1968–69 on the road. that targeted a larger pool of participants, in- as a model of a meticulous scholar. A fest- Going through the exhibition, one cluding high school teachers. The Summer schrift edited by Olga Palagia and Bonna learned that the School did not have an Session program became so popular that in D. Wescoat, entitled Samothracian Con- organized program of trips from the very 1968 the School doubled it, introducing two nections: Essays in honor of James R. Mc- beginning, but relied heavily on the trips Summer Session programs every summer. Credie (Oxford/Oakville: Oxbow Books, that Wilhelm Dörpfeld of the German Ar- Photos and notebooks from the Summer 2010), explores his many contributions chaeological Institute offered every year. Sessions featured in the exhibit. to our understanding of that important The retirement of Dörpfeld in 1908 forced The last part of the exhibit was dedi- Greek site. e the American School to organize two trips cated to traveling, boarding, and lodging. in its academic program: the Southern Trip Traveling in Greece was never easy in the

11 Student Reports continued from page 10

an annotated bibliography of 416 sources plores the symbiotic relationship between relevant to my dissertation. My records of the built environment and the beginning the NVAP material now include over 700 of democracy in the late Archaic and early drawing files, over 4,000 artifact photos, a Classical period. photographed and catalogued database of During the fall semester, I completed roughly 200 different ceramic fabrics, and two of the chapters of my dissertation. The numerous other photos and notes. first chapter, concerning the Akropolis, is By describing and cataloguing the clay focused on the chronology of building ac- fabrics of all the sherds examined during tivity on the sacred citadel of Athens and this past year, I have fleshed out a large the specific topography of the sanctuary. database of ceramic wares present among Thanks to a permit granted by the First the survey pottery, both local and imported, Ephoreia of Athens, I was able to study the common and rare. Although quantitative remains of the Old Athena Temple, the Old analysis of this evidence will take time, the Parthenon, the Old Propylaia and remains information collected is already proving of the forecourt, and the Archaic Temple of Chris Cloke studying sherds in the useful for characterizing the most common Athena Nike. These buildings form the crux Nemea Museum products used within the survey area, which of my arguments concerning the manipu- seem to have been mostly a combination of lation of space in Athens during the last local, Argive, and Corinthian. Before leav- decade of the sixth and first two decades of and off sites will help to characterize the ing Nemea, I was also able to take clippings the fifth century B.C.E. In particular, I have functions of sites as well as the origins of from 65 sherds selected last fall to be made been able to establish a precise timeline the material found away from sites. into petrographic thin sections. These ex- of building events and have reassessed the In the field, I was able to locate and amples represent the commonest varieties problem of the so-called Hekatompedon, photograph sites I had not visited before of fabrics found by NVAP, and thin-section or H-Architecture. (including a spectacular, unexcavated ash analysis will help to determine their places My second chapter is on the Agora and altar on top of Mt. Foukas, north of Kleo- of origin and the overall variability in ce- the transformation of this space during the nai) and to collect clay samples from the ramic products being used in the Nemea late sixth and early fifth centuries. Thanks region around Nemea. Searching out clay Valley and its environs. While examining to Agora Excavations Director John McK. beds with Heather Graybehl (a Ph.D. can- the sherds sampled with Heather Graybehl, Camp, I was granted access to material from didate at the University of Sheffield) led to who has done similar petrographic studies the excavations as part of my study of the the discovery of some excellent deposits of for Late Roman material from Corinth and early monuments in the Agora, including both red and marl clays in the vicinity of is currently doing her Ph.D. research on pe- the Old Bouleuterion, the Stoa Basileios, Phlius and Kleonai, to the west and east trography of Classical to Hellenistic pottery Building F, and the South-East Fountain of Nemea, respectively. By taking samples from the site of Nemea, it became clear that House. The fieldwork that I conducted at of clays in these areas (GPS coordinates our studies included many similar wares, the Agora, as well as my research in the of which were recorded), we compiled a such as Late Roman amphoras produced Blegen Library, allowed me to revise the small representative collection of clays in the southern Argolid and cooking pots accepted chronology of building activity from within the study region. We were able from Corinth. Future collaboration and in the civic center of the polis, as well as to levigate several of the samples and to comparison of my results with those com- reconsider the function of these buildings. form the refined clay into small pots, and ing out of Corinth and Nemea will help to During the winter and spring semesters, I also planned to create small briquettes of enrich the picture of ceramic production the resources of the Blegen Library and a the clays collected for firing in the Wiener and exchange in the northeast Pelopon- series of permits from the First and Third Laboratory’s kiln. Working together with nesos throughout antiquity. Ephoreias in Attika enabled me to study Graybehl, a clearer picture of the clays used several of the around Athens, such by potters in the vicinity of ancient Nemea ddd as Eleusis, Sounion, Rhamnous, Piraeus, is emerging, as well as a sense of the strong Construction of Athenian Ikarion, and Thorikos. This study was connections to the products of Argos and critical to my progress on the third chap- Corinth. Democracy ter of my dissertation, in which I explore In Athens, I worked on my database the ramifications of an early democratic of pottery finds, improved my GIS of the Jessica Paga building program, which I have identified survey area, and catalogued and organized Princeton University in the demes of Attika during the late sixth 2010–11 Gorham Phillips Stevens Fellow drawings and photographic records of the and early fifth centuries.e material. The Blegen Library was especially helpful in my efforts to collect informa- The Gorham Philips Stevens Advanced Fel- tion about other survey projects, while PLEASE CONTRIBUTE TO THE lowship enabled me to spend the 2010–11 the School’s Archives, where I was able to ANNUAL APPEAL! academic year working on my dissertation, examine pottery from the northeast Pelo- Your contributions fund the general “Architectural Agency and the Construc- ponnesos, provided useful comparative operation of the school. THANK YOU! tion of Athenian Democracy,” which ex- material. By year’s end, I had compiled

12 F A L L e 2 0 1 1 GennadeionGennadeion NewsNews A SPECIAL INSERT TO THE NEWSLETTER OF THE AMERICAN SCHOOL OF CLASSICAL STUDIES AT ATHENS

New Gennadeion Monograph Showcases Papers Donated Gennadius Manuscripts to Gennadeion Archives he Gennadius Library and everal recent donations to the Greek Paleographical the Archives of the Genna­ Society recently joined T dius Library shed light on forces to produce a beautiful vol­ S literary and archaeological facets ume on Greek manuscripts from of nineteenth- and twentieth- the Library collections. Based on century Greece. an exhibition and colloquium Professor Nanno Marinatos organized in May 2004 by for­ donated her father’s personal cor­ mer Gennadius Library Director respondence from 1929 to 1939. Haris Kalligas and the President This small collection consists of of the Paleographical Society, about 500 letters, most from the Maria L. Politi, the book marks a time that Spyridon Marinatos was new beginning in the Gennadeion an of Antiquities on Crete, Monographs series and reinforces and the period (1937–1939) of the ASCSA’s commitment to his service as Director of Antiqui­ bilingual publishing, as it is pub­ “Exploring Greek Manuscripts in the Gennadius Library” was launched ties in the Ministry of Education lished in Greek and English. with a public presentation in Cotsen Hall on October 11, 2011. before he was appointed profes­ The book, entitled “Explor­ Photo: H. Akriviadis sor of archaeology at the Univer­ ing Greek Manuscripts in the sity of Athens. Gennadius Library,” was edited trinsic and value of some his son, Joannes. Eleven leading The collection includes let­ by Maria Politi and Eleni Pappa, of the manuscripts assembled scholars illustrate the intriguing ters from important Greek and and appeals to a scholarly and thanks to the vision and erudi­ history of several manuscripts general public. It presents the in­ tion of George Gennadius and from the collection. e continued on page G4

Medieval Greek Summer Session a Success

ith the aim to intro­ versity led morning sessions of duce students of a close reading and translation of Wvariety of back­ Byzantine texts and Greek pal­ grounds, disciplines, and fields aeography. Afternoon tutorials to the development­ of Greek permitted students to focus on language and literature in the their specific needs and interests Byzantine period, the fourth whereas special sessions intro­ Medieval Greek Summer Ses­ duced them to the collections of sion was held in July 2011. The the Gennadius Library. generous support of the A. G. Art historian Sofia ­ Leventis Foundation provided dou, a Ph.D. candidate at the full fellowships to the eleven University of Illinois, assisted participants (eight students from with visits to several museums U.S. universities and three from and monuments in Athens, An­ European institutions). cient Corinth, Mystras, Thessa­ Alexandros Alexakis of the loniki, Hosios Loukas, and Sofia Georgiadou (second from left) speaking to the Medieval Greek e University of and Stra­ . Summer Session students at the Athenian Agora. tis Papaioannou of Brown Uni­ G2 G E N N A D E I O N N E W S

New Gennadeion Overseers Welcomed

n October 27, 2011, the rope, and international history. History at Columbia. is a distinguished anthropologist Board of Overseers of He holds a doctorate in modern George Soterakis is an at­ who has devoted much of her Othe Gennadius Library history from Oxford. He is the torney with extensive litigation career to the study of modern welcomed new board members author of numerous articles and and transactional experience Greece. Educated at Bryn Mawr Mark Mazower, George Sotera­ books, including Salonica, City of (especially commercial law, College and the University of kis, and Susan Sutton at their : Christians, Muslims and contracts, finance, and intellec­ North Carolina at Chapel Hill, annual fall meeting in New York Jews, 1430–1950 (2004); After tual property). He was educated she was editor of the Journal City. That evening, at a dinner the War was Over: Reconstruct- at Johns Hopkins and Boston of Modern Greek Studies from hosted by Chairman Alexander ing the State, Family and the Law University School of Law. From 1999 to 2002 and has published Zagoreos and his wife Marine for in Greece, 1943–1960 (2000); 2007 through July 2011 he was more than 50 articles on both Overseers, spouses, and invited and, most recently, No Enchanted an associate at the New York law anthropology and international guests, Professor Mazower spoke Palace: The End of Empire (2009). firm of Winston & Strawn, LLP. education, as well as four books. on “The Greeks and the Sea: The A member of the American Mr. Soterakis is also a junior She is currently the Senior Ad­ View from ,” and a lively Academy of Arts and Sciences, member of Leadership 100, an visor to the President of Bryn question-and-answer period he is the Ira D. Wallach Profes­ organization founded by Greek- Mawr College for International followed. sor of World Order Studies and American businessmen to sup­ Initiatives. Prior to that she was Professor Mark Mazower is a Professor of History at Columbia port the the Associate Vice President of historian specializing in modern University, as well as the director in America. International Affairs at Indiana Greece, twentieth-century Eu­ of the Center for International Professor Susan Buck Sutton University. e

News From the Library is Malliaris was able to revise month in the Library studying the finding-aid for a portion of the archive of Barbié du Bocage, Joannes Gennadius’s personal one of the most precious acquisi­ New Acquisitions papers kept in the Archives of tions of Joannes Gennadius. She To complement the Library’s fine the Library. The finding-aid is presented her work on “Fauvel historical map collection, a rare available electronically through in Greece” in November. The edition of Abraham Ortelius’s the ASCSA website (http://www. generosity of the heirs of George Thesaurus Geographicus pub­ ascsa.edu.gr/index.php/archives/ Papaioannou, whose papers were lished in 1611 was bought from johannes-gennadius-finding- donated to the GL Archives in Cartographica Neerlandica. aid/#series_i:_correspondence). 2009, will support the research The Philoi of the Gennadius Alexis Malliaris will speak on the of George Antoniou, of the Dem­ Library donated to the Library Day of Joannes Gennadius orga­ ocritus University of Thrace, several old books as well as two nized by the Gennadeion Philoi who will be working on the periodicals published in the on March 7, 2012. “Legacy of the Resistance in the nineteenth century: “Ο Aστήρ Postwar Political Life of Greece: της Ανατολής” (The Star of the ddd A First Evaluation” as the first Papaioannou fellow. ) and “Magazzino pit­ Fellows at the Gennadeion torico universal.” In July the Library purchased Three fellows make special use ddd of the Gennadius Library’s col­ three pamphlets with Joannes Title page of Ortelius’s Thesaurus Staff News Gennadius’s autograph dedica­ lections during 2011–12. tions to his family. Fulbright Fellow Brent Doug­ Irini Solomonidi attended a graphed, new labels were creat­ las Gilbert, a Ph.D. student at the week-long seminar on “The ddd ed, and they were rearranged in Catholic University of America, Printed Book in Europe: 1450– is studying the patristics col­ 2000” at the Rare Books School Byron’s Memorabilia two display cases with the help of archivist Eleftheria Daleziou. lections of the Gennadeion for in London in July 2011. The 200th anniversary of the his dissertation, entitled “Greek After completing the cata­ publication of Byron’s poem ddd Anthropology and Christian loguing of the Gennadius period­ “Maid of Athens” offered Senior Polemic in Gregory of Nyssa’s icals funded by the Stavros Niar­ Librarian Irini Solomonidi the Gennadius Finding-Aid De Hominis Opificio.” Cotsen chos Foundation, Asimina Rodi opportunity to rearrange the Revised Traveling Fellow Alessia Zam­ joined the staff of the Library in display cases containing Byron’s Thanks to the financial support bon of the University of Paris the place of long-time assistant memorabilia. All of Byron’s of the Philoi of the Gennadius 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne and the librarian Andreas Sideris, who personal objects were photo­ Library, Assistant Archivist Alex­ University of Padova spent a retired this summer. e G E N N A D E I O N N E W S G3

Library Holdings On Display at Elytis Exhibition

he Gennadius Library joined in the celebration Tof the 100th anniversary of the birth of Nobel laureate Elytis (1911– 1996), collaborating with the B. & M. Theocharakis Founda­ tion for the Fine Arts and on a major exhibition entitled “The World of Odysseus Elytis: and Paintings” (Septem­ ber 22 – December 12). Seafloor II, Watercolor by Two hundred items from the Odysseus Elytis, 1988, Elytis Papers that the poet do­ 24 32 cm. × nated to the Gennadius Library’s Archives in 1976 were lent to Ioulita Iliopoulou lectures on Elytis in Cotsen Hall. Photo: H. Akriviadis the exhibition. A whole floor of the exhibition at the Theo­ Clean Monday The exhibition included let­ ists that Elytis admired, such as charakis Foundation showcased ters of famous artists (Greek Theofilos, Tsarouchis, Moralis, Benefit to Honor Elytis’s collages and temperas composers Mikis Theodorakis Fassianos, Picasso, and Matisse, from the Gennadius Archives. Elytis and Manos Hatzidakis) and along with the works of twenty Manuscripts, books, medals, (e.g., Paul Eluard, George contemporary Greek artists who diplomas, correspondence, vinyl he Gennadius Library’s Seferis, ), even a have been inspired by Elytis, gave record albums, pamphlets, and centennial celebration of humorous card written by chil­ the show a unique brilliance. personal documents­ comple­ renowned poet Odysseus dren to congratulate the poet On October 19, poet Ioulita T mented other displays in the Elytis continues in February for the Nobel Prize in Literature Iliopoulou gave a lively lecture show. Elytis’s artwork explores 2012, when the Board of Over­ awarded in 1979: “Congratula­ in Cotsen Hall entitled “Odys­ recurring themes of his poet­ seers of the Gennadius Library tions and we wish you to get the seus Elytis. Elements of a Poetic ry—the sea, the sun, the korai, and Friends of the Library will Nobel prize every year!” Identity.” the angels—but also geometric pay to Elytis at their Representative artworks by and abstract compositions. 12th Annual Clean Monday leading Greek and foreign art­ — Leda Costaki, Research Archivist Benefit, to be held on February 27 at Kellari in New York City. Kellari’s renowed Executive Chef Gregory Zapan­ New Griffon Shines Light on Hidden Treasures tis will serve guests an exquisite Kathara Deftera feast marking he latest edition of The sought by Joannes Gennadius; The New Griffon • 12 the end of carnival and begin­ New Griffon (Volume Stephen Duckworth follows ATHENS 2011

ning of Lent. The New Griffon 12), titled “Hidden Trea­ Edward Lear’s wanderings on HIDDEN TREASURES Guests will be entertained by T AT THE GENNADIUS LIBRARY sures at the Gennadius Library,” Crete through a careful study Gregory Maninakis and the Mi­ highlights several discoveries of his watercolors; American krokosmos Ensemble, who will made recently among the Gen­ School Director Jack Davis ana­ perform the poetry of Elytis set nadius collections. lyzes topographical drawings to music by Yannis Markopou­ In this volume, Father Kon­ connected with the presence AT THE GENNADIUS LIBRARY los and Mikis Theodorakis. All stantinos Terzopoulos explores of the French in the Pelopon­ HIDDEN TREASURES proceeds from the celebration 16 manuscripts of Byzantine nesus in the early nineteenth will support the general opera­ chant; Leonora Navari pres­ century; Aliki Asvesta presents a tion of the Gennadius Library. ents the published works of wealth of information from the For further information on Cardinal Bessarion in the Gen­ archive of cartographer Barbié du tickets and tables, please contact nadeion; Cristina dis­ Bocage; Maria-Christina Chat­ ISBN: 978-960-99945-0-7 J. Goble in the US Development ISSN: 1107 - 3136 12 THE GENNADIUS LIBRARY sects an early hand-drawn map ziioannou explores the personal AMERICAN SCHOOL OF CLASSICAL STUDIES AT ATHENS Office ([email protected] or 609- of Smyrna; Pasquale Massimo archive of Joannes Gennadius 683-0800 ext. 14). e Pinto considers the works of to paint a portrait of the Gen­ archives of Greek politician Ion the nineteenth-century forger nadeion’s founder in the context Dragoumis, focusing on his exile Constantinos Simonidis, a com­ of British society; and archivist on Corsica in the early twentieth plete set of which was eagerly Eleftheria Daleziou examines the century. e G4 G E N N A D E I O N N E W S

Gennadeion Mitropoulos’s Director Lectures Events for 2012 Piano Sonatas in New York hanks to the generous support of Lloyd E. and Margit Subject of New Cotsen, a diverse slate of lectures has been scheduled to Book n May 2011, Gennadius Ttake place at Cotsen Hall in 2012. Library Director Maria Geor­ February 14: Alice-Mary Talbot of Dumbarton Oaks will lecture imitri Mitropoulos’s gopoulou presented her I on “Women and Mt. Athos: Insights from the Archives of the compositions, kept research on Venice and Byzan­ Holy Mountain” in the Archives of the at the Greek Consulate D Gennadius Library, are explored in New York. The illustrated March 13: Stathis Kalyvas of Yale University will speak in Greek in a detailed study by Ioannis lecture showed the imperial on “Resistance and Civil War” Foulias, lecturer at the Depart­ trophies that the Venetians took April 3: Joanita Vroom of the University of Amsterdam will ment of Music Studies of the from during the present a lecture on “Mr. Turkey goes to Turkey. How a Dutch University of Athens. The book, of 1204 and Diplomat Wined and Dined in 18th-century Constantinople” published in Greek, is entitled the efforts that the of The Two Piano Sonatas of Dimitri Venice made to emulate Byzan­ May 8: The 31st Annual Walton Lecture will feature Henry Mitropoulos – From the Late Ro- tium at home. Ambassador Aghi Maguire of Johns Hopkins University, who will speak on “Nectar mantic Era to the Greek National Balta, Consul General of Greece and Illusion: Art, Nature, and Rhetoric in ” School of Music (Athens 2011). to New York, hosted a reception May 24: Biographer Cooper will reminisce on “Patrick Dr. Foulias’s study focuses on at the Consulate sponsored by Leigh Fermor in Greece” the “Piano Sonata in E Flat ma­ the Livanos Family and Chef Jim jor,” also known under the title Botsacos of Molyvos and Sotiris In addition to the lecture series, the Gennadeion’s Philoi will “Η ψυχή μου” (“My Soul”), and Bafitis.e sponsor the Fifth Annual Bookfair on May 17. the “Greek Sonata.” e

Papers Donated (continued from G1)

spondence with Stephanos Xan­ rope. Unfortunately, his prema­ 1996. Her faithful devotion and thoudides, another important ture death in 1914 put an end to admiration is also apparent in Cretan archaeologist. During his this plan. handwritten notes that she kept service on Crete, Marinatos ex­ The Palamas letters are on whenever they had an important cavated important Minoan sites display in the main reading conversation over the phone or including the villa at Amnisos room of the Gennadius Library, after visits that she paid to him and the famous bronze hoard at thanks to archivist Eleftheria in the hospital. This interesting Arkalochori, to mention just a Daleziou, who prepared a hand­ material sheds light into the pro­ few of Marinatos’ discoveries on some showcase. cess of translating poetry. Elytis the island. Nanno Marinatos has In 2011, Eleni Kasolea do­ himself wonders in one of his studied her father’s papers and nated the correspondence of letters: “I am very curious how is preparing a book, “Citizens her sister Antigone with poet the content [of the translated of Minos,” which explores the Odysseus Elytis to the Archives book] will fare with the people relationship of the young Ephor of the Gennadius Library. An­ of the North who have never in Spryridon Marinatos with the tigone Kasolea (1915–2010), their lives listened to the cicadas doyen of Minoan archaeology, philologist and high school nor have they ever stepped in a Sir Arthur Evans. teacher, translated Elytis’s poems caique” (6.8.1960). e Kostis Palamas to Nikos Professor Agne Vlavianou into German, and for this she Fandrides, 1914 Arvanite has donated to the Ar­ collaborated with archaeolo­ chives of the Gennadius Library gist Barbara Vierneisel-Schlörb Gennadeion News pages are com­ a small number of letters and (some titles include Oxopetra piled by Gennadius Library Director foreign archaeologists including books from poet Kostis Palamas Elegien. Westlich der Trauer 2001, Maria Georgopoulou, Senior Librar­ George Mylonas, Konstantinos to Nikos Fandrides. Das Monogramm 1990, Maria ian Irini Solomonidi, Administrative Rhomaios, Nikolaos Platon, A polyglot scholar, Fandrides Nepheli 1981, and Körper des Assistant Maria Smali, and Archivist Ioannis Meliadis, Georg Karo, published a number of studies Sommers 1960). Natalia Vogeikoff-Brogan, and edited by Sally Fay. R.W. Hutchinson, and W. Dörp­ about European philosophers The collection consists of let­ This publication is produced semi­ feld, as well as Prime Minister and poets of the nineteenth ters that Kasolea received from Ioannis Metaxas. The collection annually. E-mail correspondence for century, and intended to make Elytis and of copies of letters Gennadeion News to [email protected]. also includes some earlier corre­ Kostis Palamas known in Eu­ that she sent to him in 1957– Opportunity Knocks; Regular Members Answer!

The School’s Regular Program brings together participants of diverse academic backgrounds with a wide range of scholarly inter- ests, often leading students to discover unanticipated rewards, as several 2010–11 Regular Members reveal here.

A report on the Regular Program of the research goals and strategies have adapted American School is a difficult thing to to these improvements, thanks to the sug- compose. If only I had kept a tally, I could gestions and feedback from the professors simply note the number of sites and muse- and Fellows at the School. These fellows ums visited over the nine months—it alone have given me many opportunities, spe- would demonstrate that my time here was cifically the addition of materials from two well spent. important sites to my research: Zygouries Of course, seeing the country was only and Korakou. The inclusion of these sites one of many ways I benefited from my has enhanced the possible conclusions and time as a Regular Member. As the year impact that my dissertation can make by progressed, I became better at looking at providing a wider chronological and geo- , architecture, stray blocks, pot- graphic range to my study. I also had the sherds, and various other types of material opportunity to begin studying these ma- culture. I developed new research interests terials in March at the Corinth Museum, and worked my way toward a dissertation which allowed me to submit permits for topic that I will pursue in the year ahead. I further study. also built up an immense set of resources— Being located in Athens, I was able to Debra Trusty at work in the Corinth handouts, photos, maps, and memories— visit different institutions and laboratories, Museum. now all carefully collected and put away for including the Fitch Lab and Demokritos, in future reference in teaching and research. order to confirm access to equipment and Perhaps most important, I became part of assistance for future studies. I met many of the Corinth theater. At Corinth, I ex- a scholarly community and formed lasting scholars and Fellows who aided me in grant plored a key scene in the topography of the friendships with people as we bonded over writing skills, lecture presentation style, Golden Ass by walking from the Corinth research interests, report topics, stressful and research methodology. Finally, I was theater to Kenchreai, the eastern port of and exhilarating experiences on the trips, able to meet with Mr. Charles Williams in ancient Corinth, where Lucius at last loses and our lives at Loring Hall. Athens to discuss my research project. his ass’s body and regains his humanity. The year began with a trip to Western Finally, I attended a colloquium in May and that took us as far —Debra Trusty (Florida State University), on the Greek and Roman novel at as . For me, the most memorable 2010–11 Philip Lockhart Fellow University in , where I heard experience of this first trip took place in papers on new research in the area of the Thessaloniki. Purely by chance, we met ddd ancient novel and met for the first time one of the archaeologists working on the In addition to providing me with a bet- several renowned scholars in my field. mosaics inside the dome of the Rotunda. ter general knowledge of In addition to excavating at Corinth in She offered to lead us up the scaffolding that will serve me well in my future teach- April, I spent May and part of June study- for a tour. The boards warped and creaked ing endeavors, the Regular Year program ing and cataloguing small bronze imple- under our feet as we made our way to provided me with numerous opportuni- ments in the Corinth Museum. Besides the top. My attention was split between ties to further my own research interests. helping digitize part of the Corinth col- the mosaics, now mere feet away, and the Although I did not think that I would lection, my experience with these objects distant floor visible through the layers of have time during the rigorous Regular and their bibliography will help me in my scaffolding. The experience, like so many Year program of trips and seminars to de- planned research on medical and cosmetic over the course of the year, was unique, velop my dissertation research on second implements at the Gabii Project in Italy, amazing, and enlightening. century A.D. social history in Apuleius’ where I have been working as an assis- novel The Golden Ass, I found again tant area supervisor for the past two years. — Katie Lamberto (SUNY-Buffalo), and again that my trip reports and discus- My continued training in archaeological 2010–11 Lucy Shoe Meritt Fellow sions with fellow students and scholars field methods, finds recording, and -mu led me back to my own research, as well seum cataloguing will serve me well in my ddd as giving me new avenues of thought to work at Gabii and in future archaeological The most valuable and advantageous part pursue. I spent the month of April exca- projects. of being a Regular Member was network- vating in the theater of ancient Corinth ing with scholars who are interested in the under the guest directorship of Charles K. — Evelyn Adkins (University of Michigan), same material and interests as myself. I am Williams, II, who generously shared with 2010–11 Michael Jameson Fellow currently researching Mycenaean cooking me his thoughts on the Golden Ass and vessels. The format and content of my dis- its relevance for his interpretation of the ddd sertation have improved greatly and my chronological and functional development continued on page 14

13 Blegen Library News

Journals Now Accessible Through See the School website (http://www. AMBROSIA ascsa.edu.gr/index.php/news/) for more information about book conservation and Thanks to grant funding from the Stavros repair at the Blegen Library, including im- Niarchos Foundation, all of the journal portant tips for minimizing wear and tear holdings of the Gennadius Library and on books. e almost all of those owned by the Blegen Library can be found on AMBROSIA, the online catalogue. Opportunity Knocks The Blegen Library endeavors to pro- continued from page 13 vide both print and digital subscriptions to its journals whenever possible, so the Greek Lexicon of the Roman and Byzan- The 2010–11 Winter Term included a listings in AMBROSIA now include links tine Periods – ZZ 071.1, before and after seminar on scientific approaches to classi- to the electronic versions when applicable repair. cal archaeology led by Wiener Laboratory and feasible. In some cases, a single title Fellow Michael MacKinnon. As an ancient will show several links in AMBROSIA. historian and philologist, I chose this semi- These could be to the current content Staff News nar with the hope that it would introduce through the serials provider, to archived me to subject matter outside of my comfort content through JSTOR, and to some open Assistant Librarian Maria Tourna was the and expose me to material that would access content through the publisher or subject of an article in the November 2011 not be easily accessible in my own Classics elsewhere. Titles for which content is only issue of the journal Serials: Connecting the department at the University of Toronto. available digitally are also fully catalogued. Information Community (24:3), which is The course did just that, as it dealt with Because new issues of the print jour- published by the United Kingdom Serials such topics as pollen analysis, lithics, and nals are checked in through the Library’s Group. In the article, “A Day in the Life of osteology. My own topic for presentation integrated system, it is possible to see on an Assistant Librarian,” Maria describes a in the course, archaeometallurgy, proved to AMBROSIA which issues have arrived and typical day at work. be not so far afield from my own research, are on the shelf, which have been sent to the however, as I learned how the various binder, and when the next issue is expected. Repair Efforts Save Books methods of metal analysis can be used in Assistant Librarian Maria Tourna is Here’s a library riddle: What do The Greek the study of numismatics. Moreover, the the Blegen’s serials librarian, and she will Lexicon of the Roman and Byzantine Periods, course did not focus only on hard scien- continue adding journals to AMBROSIA Sixth and Fifth Century Pottery from Excava- tific analysis, but also tackled theoretical until the nearly 700 titles have been fully tions Made at Rhitsona, and A Commentary issues regarding the state of the discipline catalogued. Because a number of classics on Catullus have in common? of classical archaeology and the importance and archaeology journals have been pub- Until recently, the answer would have of cooperation between archaeologists, his- lished for many years and, over time, have been that they are all books in the Blegen torians, and philologists, a topic of great changed titles or frequencies or places of Library’s collection that were literally fall- significance to me as I strive to integrate publication, cataloguing requires individu- ing apart and thus in danger of not being both archaeological and textual evidence al records reflecting each change and then available for future scholars to consult. into my own historical research. linking of all variations so research can be However, since Maria-Anastasia Gkout- As I reflect upon the past academic year, more easily conducted. Care has been taken sidou joined the Library staff in January there is one further aspect of my experience to put in order and regularize all serials 2011, the answer to the riddle is now “they at the ASCSA that cannot be understated holdings during this project so that publi- are all books in the Blegen Library’s collec- in its value to me, and that is the human cations’ relationships are made clear. tion that have been repaired and saved from element of the program. Nowhere else have further deterioration.” New Online Resources I felt a part of such a vibrant and stimulat- Among Maria’s duties as Library As- ing academic community. From the alumni, The Supplementum Epigraphicum Graecum sistant is the conservation and repair of visiting researchers, professors, and fel- is now available in both print and electronic older library books, a craft she learned with low students, both Regular and Associate formats through the Blegen Library. The en- expert assistance from Asimina Rammou Members, the atmosphere has been one hanced searching capabilities of the digital and Antonis Basbanos, professional book of warm collegiality and encouragement. version are much appreciated by scholars conservators from the National Library of I have benefited greatly from my interac- needing to consult the SEG. Thanks to the Greece. Maria’s meticulous efforts have tions with other scholars of all ranks and Packard Humanities Institute, the library saved more than 50 books to date. While stages in their careers, and look forward to has also added PHI’s Classical Latin Texts. we know that many volumes in the Blegen continuing the discussions in future visits A full list of the electronic resources collection are in need of mending, Library to the School. available can be found on the Blegen Library users are encouraged to tell her about spe- pages of the ASCSA website (http://www. cific titles in need of repair. —Megan M. Campbell (University of Toronto), ascsa.edu.gr/index.php/blegen-library/ 2010–11 Thomas Day Seymour Fellow Electronic-Resources).

14 First Robinson Fellows At Corinth

Newly launched in 2010–11, the Henry S. Robinson Fellowship funds Ph.D. candidates or decessors, add new examples of under- recent Ph.D. recipients seeking to work on a doctoral dissertation or primary publication represented shapes in my dissertation, and specifically on Corinth. Here, the three inaugural Robinson Fellows report on their research create new typologies for shapes that were accomplishments. omitted from my dissertation (the kyathos, which was included in Corinth VII.3, and the globular oinochoe, a shape that has I applied for a Henry S. Robinson Corinth order to better refine the dates of various never been fully published at Corinth). By Research Fellowship to facilitate publica- shapes that are largely confined to the sec- the end of this process, I had expanded my tion of my dissertation, “The Hellenistic ond century B.C. In addition, I was able to catalogue from 221 objects to close to 400. Pottery from the Panayia Field, Corinth: examine the context and inventoried pot- Thanks to the Robinson Fellowship, I Studies in Chronology and Context.” The tery from two early colony deposits (the accomplished much of the additional re- core of my work consists of a detailed study Tiberian floor deposit and well 1960-1). search necessary to publish the fine ware of third- and second-century B.C. Corinthi- While the Roman pottery from these depos- section of my dissertation as a Corinth an fine wares, both from the well-stratified its had been previously studied and pub- volume and have since submitted it to the and chronologically discrete deposits in the lished by Kathleen Slane, the Hellenistic ASCSA Publication Office. Panayia Field and previously excavated pottery had not been examined in any de- contexts. In combination, this material has tail. This material proved to be incredibly — Sarah James, University of Texas, Austin provided the data necessary to substantially valuable to my study of interim period pot- modify the traditional typology and chro- tery and the question of when Hellenistic ddd nology of Corinthian Hellenistic pottery pottery stops production at Corinth—both published by G. Roger Edwards in Corinth issues that figure prominently in the final Despite the fact that the Peloponnese is VII.3 (1975). publication of my dissertation. a relatively well-studied area of Greece, During my almost seven weeks at I also spent several weeks in the mu- particularly in the Ottoman era, the sev- Corinth, I was able to re-examine the in- seum during which time I was able to enteenth century remains a rather obscure ventoried and context pottery from South re-check the initial production dates for period. The time from the naval battle of Stoa wells IV, VII, XIII, XX, and XXVIII in five Hellenistic shapes with Classical pre- continued on page 23

Agora Season continued from page 5 ens, an event that may well have hastened To the west, we are at a higher level, the abandonment of the area, the Stoa, and but encountering a similar situation: nu- the well. merous Middle Byzantine rooms and walls Excavations over the middle part of the following the northeast/southwest orienta- Painted Stoa (Section Beta Theta) were su- tion of the Classical remains determined pervised by Michael Laughy. Here we are by the course of the Eridanos River below. still in Byzantine levels, one to two meters Excavations this season exposed the tops above the Classical stoa. Excavations have of several walls that align with the remains concentrated on the east and west ends of found years ago overlying the west end of this section for the past several years and the Stoa Poikile. have exposed a Byzantine settlement, which The walls in both areas are full of reused seems to date largely to the eleventh and material, including many large architec- twelfth centuries A.D. Numerous rubble tural blocks, at least one of which can be walls make up the outlines of several rooms identified as a wall-block of the Stoa Poi- of what seem to be relatively modest hous- kile. Other well-cut Classical blocks of both es set closely together, with features such marble and limestone have not yet been as packed earth floors, doorways (some attributed. In sculpture, we have identified blocked), pits, and pithoi. In some rooms, the right half of a funerary stele cut in very there were well-defined floor surfaces, which low relief, showing part of a banqueting await exploration, while to the south the fill hero, an attendant, and a table with the was deep and undifferentiated. Two largely meal spread out on it. A lamp decorated complete pots were found at about the same with a cross and a graffito with an incised level as the four found last season in the goat cross and part of an inscription suggest horn pit. Two pots found at a similar level Christian activity in the area, which lies elsewhere in this Byzantine neighborhood just north of the remains of the little chapel proved to contain the remains of newborn of Aghios Nikolaos, excavated in 1990–92. infants, but neither of the pots found this Assemblage of pots from Well L.2:2. season was used for this purpose. — John McK. Camp II Photo: C. Mauzy Director, Agora Excavations

15

 9   kai gegono  kai 9 gegono People & Places People

AIA Gold medal award winner Susan Rotroff was honored at a conference in Athens in June. Front row, l-r: Brian Rose, Mary Sturgeon, Olga Palagia, Kathleen Lynch, Susan Rotroff, Andrea Berlin, Lynn Grant, Barbara Tsakirgis. Middle row: Natalia Vogeikoff-Brogan, John Camp, Andy Stewart, Samantha Martin-McAuliffe. Back row: Gerald Finkielsztejn, Alan Shapiro, Jon Mikalson, John Papadopoulos, Carol Lawton, Crawford Greenewalt, Mark Lawall.

Meghan Freeman gives a report at the Olympia Museum during Summer Session I. Regular Members pose for a group photo at Goritsa during Trip 3 of the Academic Program. Photo: M. Munn Photo: M. Miles

Photo, near right: Jeremy Ott joined the Blegen Library staff in November as Col- lection Development Librarian. Jeremy’s background includes substantial excavation experience as well as work in a variety of library and archival settings. He is also a Ph.D. candidate at New York University’s Institute of Fine Arts. Photo, far right: On October 26, 2011, School Director Jack Davis presented a lecture on "Restor- ing History to a Dark Age of Greece: the Peloponnese Under the Turks, 1500–1828" to ASCSA friends and trustees at the Greek Consulate in New York.

16 All anniversary photos by H. Akriviadis

130TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE ASCSA

The School celebrated in June with many events including awards to four great Philhellenes, our first alumni award, and a garden reception at the School, followed by an alumni trip through Macedonia and Thrace (see pg. 21), as well as an exhibition. Photos, clockwise from top left: Calypso Gounti, ASCSA Trustee President Robert A. McCabe, Dina McCabe, and Matti Egon enjoy chatting prior to the award ceremony; Alan Boegehold receives the Aristeia Award (inset); Natalia Vogeikoff-Brogan, curator of the 130th exhibition, shows items on display to U.S. Ambassador Daniel Smith, Mrs. Smith, and Nikoletta Valakou of the Greek Ministry of Culture; ASCSA Board Chairman Charles K. Williams, II accepts his Philhellene Award while presenters Robert McCabe and Nancy Bookidis look on. Other Philhellene Award win- ners were Malcolm H. Wiener, David W. Packard, and Lloyd E. Cotsen. Photo, below right: Trustees Edward E. Cohen, Andrew Bridges, and Joan Bingham enjoy the reception after the awards ceremony.

Prior to the anniversary events, ASCSA Trustees and Gennadius Library Overseers and friends took a trip to Bulgaria, with Denver Graninger, Todor Petev, and Emil Nankov of the American Research Center in Sofia as their hosts.

17 An Epistolary Window on One Woman’s Greek Experience

The recent acquisition of a small part of evocative descriptions of the Greek light School Member Nellie Marie Reed’s per- and landscape in her letters. One evening, sonal papers, including transcriptions of coming back from a trip to Paleon Phaler- letters that young Nellie, a recent gradu- on, a spellbound Nellie writes to her family: ate from Cornell University, sent to her “…on the way back we had glimpse after family during the academic year 1895–96, glimpse of the Akropolis with the lines of provides a wonderful glimpse of the early the Parthenon beautifully softened in the days of the School and of the academic cli- clear moonlight. I can now understand all mate for women. I am most grateful to her the poetry that has been written about this granddaughters Ann Townsend and Mary place, all the sentiment it arouses.” Townsend Bartholomew for their gift, espe- Although the women students were cially to Ann, with whom I have been cor- not allowed to take part in the long trips responding since 2008; she is responsible of the School, “the men saying it was too for the meticulous transcription of Nellie’s hard for women,” Alice Walton and Nellie letters. Ann also put me in touch with Su- Reed, with the encouragement of Annual zanne Barrymore, the grandniece of Alice Professor Benjamin Wheeler and Eugene Walton, also a Member in 1895–96. Nellie Andrews, another Cornell graduate, de- Reed, Alice Walton, and Ruth Emerson, cided that they would go. Ann Townsend the three female members of the 1895–96 thinks that Nellie would not have found the class, figure prominently in the section on courage to do so if not for Alice Walton, “Early Women” in the School’s recent ex- Nellie M. Reed, 1895. who was older (Walton had graduated from hibit, “It is better to know Greece than what Courtesy of Ann Townsend and Mary Townsend Smith College in 1887 and had received Bartholomew. has been written about Greece.” her Ph.D. from Cornell University in 1892) Nellie’s letters are a treasure of informa- and was “undaunted” (Ann Townsend’s de- tion for a period that is otherwise poorly rable, however, is how much Nellie Reed scription). The two women were accepted represented in the School’s Archives. Per- enjoyed her trips throughout Greece. to the trip, under certain condi- sonally, I value most her descriptions of After the initial disappointment of her tions: they had to hire a man to help them everyday life in Greece, her Greek experi- arrival at Athens, which she described as with the mules, tend their rooms, and put ence. I am struck by how courageous it “hot, dirty, dusty, not an attractive thing…, up their tent if no rooms could be found. must have been for a foreign woman to even the Akropolis in the distance looked “Think of it –two girls travelling for over a travel in the Greek countryside in the late small and insignificant,” Nellie quickly week in a party of eight men and attended nineteenth century. What is most admi- fell in love with her surroundings, giving continued on page 20

NEH Fellows in Athens and Corinth

Thanks to funding from the National En- siderable time at the Agora, looking at the life in a single rural Athenian , and dowment for the Humanities, two senior fragments of the poletai records and other which is now under contract with Oxford scholars were able to pursue their research documents; and visited sites and museums University Press. at the School as 2010–11 NEH Fellows. in to look at local epigraphical col- Kathleen Slane (University of Missouri- Based in Athens, Danielle Kellogg lections in smaller museums, an avenue Columbia) spent her fellowship year in (Brooklyn College, CUNY) pursued a study that also provided an important topograph- Corinth, where she worked to complete the of property ownership and personal mobil- ical component to her research. During her manuscript of A Slice through Time: Tombs ity in the Athenian countryside. Her study time at the School, she was able to examine, along the North Terrace at Corinth. Use of examines the epigraphic evidence from either in text or through autopsy, nearly the Corinth Excavations facilities (mu- more than a dozen demes of different sizes, 3,000 inscriptions, greatly expanding her seum, library, digitized records available types, and locations in Attica to produce database of inscriptional evidence. only on the Corinth server) was critical to a picture that challenges some prevailing In addition to advancing her ongoing the completion of this project. Working assumptions concerning the movement of book project, Ms. Kellogg’s NEH fellowship with Corinth Excavations Architect James populations in ancient Athenian territory. allowed her to make progress on several Herbst, she was able to add additional For this project, the epigraphic resourc- other fronts. She completed an article on stratigraphic sections of the tombs, and es available at the School and in Athens in the Ephebic Oath and began researching about 90 profiles were added to the illustra- general proved invaluable. While in Ath- another on rural settings in the tions. The volume was submitted it to the ens, Ms. Kellogg was able to make use of of . She also completed an in- School’s Publications Office in February. the resources of the Blegen and Gennadius tensive study of the Attic deme of Achar- After submitting the tomb manuscript, Libraries at the ASCSA, as well as the librar- nai, which is the first work in English to she worked on databases for the East of ies of the British School of Archaeology and comprehensively analyze the evidence for the É�c���������ole�������� Franç�aise���������� d’Athè�nes;��������������� spent con- continued on back page

18 School Members 2011–12

The community of scholars at the American School comprises a diverse group of students and senior scholars from an array of backgrounds and with myriad research interests – all focused on Greece. The rich intellectual environment that results provides one of the most rewarding experiences in the careers of these School Members.

REGULAR MEMBERS Kyle William Mahoney Dallas DeForest John Williams White Fellow Ohio State University Andrew James Connor University of Pennsylvania Baths and the Culture of Bathing in Late Bert Hodge Hill Fellow Greek and Roman History, Historiography, Antique Greece, 300–700 A.D. University of Cincinnati and Archaeology The Economic and Legal Infrastructure of Sara Jane Franck the Middle Egyptian Temples in the Roman Rachel Catherine McCleery John L. Caskey Fellow Period Florida State University University of Minnesota, Twin Cities Public Life in Roman Corinth Bucolic Architecture: Hellenistic Stephanie Pamela Craven Temples in the Peloponnese Lucy Shoe Meritt Fellow Sarah Jeanette Miller University of Texas at Austin James Rignall Wheeler Fellow Brent Douglas Gilbert Influence of on the Aegean World University of Virginia Fulbright Fellow The Role of Wise Advisor in Herodotus Catholic University of America William Flint Dibble Greek Medice, the Image of God, and Trini- Heinrich Schliemann Fellow Simon Mark Oswald tarian Polemic in Gregory of Nyssa’s De University of Cincinnati Thomas Day Seymour Fellow Hominis Opificio Analyzing Primary Archaeological Evidence Princeton University for Food Practices Carmina Epigraphica Myrsini Gkouma Wiener Laboratory Geoarchaeology Fellow Charles A. George Sharada Price Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam Emily Townsend Vermeule Fellow University of Iowa Paleolandscape Reconstruction on the Rutgers, The State University Courtesans in the Lakeside of Dispilio: A Geoarchaeological Theophrastus of Eresus Approach Nicholas James Swift David Thomas Hewett Philip Lockhart Fellow Renee Marie Gondek Fowler Merle-Smith Fellow SUNY–Buffalo University of Virginia University of Virginia and Language Women, Dress and Nuptial Imagery on Attic Religion, Literature, Epigraphy Vases Benjamin Laughlin Truesdale Allison Jean Kemmerle University of Pennsylvania Colburn Fellow Emily Graff Fulbright Fellow; Honorary James University of Pennsylvania Wiener Laboratory Travel Grantee Rignall Wheeler Fellow Origin and Evolution of Christian University of Waterloo Brown University Historiography Mycenaean Occupancy of Ancient Kallithea: Methods of Study in Epigraphy Understanding a Population’s Health, Cul- STUDENT ASSOCIATE MEMBERS ture, and Lifestyle through Bioarchaeological Jessica Laura Lamont Analysis Michael Jameson Fellow John Tristan Barnes Johns Hopkins University Gorham Phillips Stevens Fellow Aaron Greener Amphiaraos’ New Identity at , as University of Missouri Jacob Hirsch Fellow Seen in the Last Quarter of the 5th Century Cultural and Cultural Identity Bar-Ilan University B.C.E. of the Southeast Aegean from the End of the Late Bronze Age Imported Pottery in the Bronze Age through the Eighth Century Land of Israel: Between Economy, Society Michael Stevens Leese and Symbolism Virginia Grace Fellow William Nolan Bruce University of Michigan at Ann Arbor Kress Art and Architecture in Antiquity Mark David Hammond Economic Decision-making and Business Fellow Eugene Vanderpool Fellow; Henry S. Strategies in Ancient Greece University of Wisconsin Robinson Corinth Research Fellow Industry, Community, and the Sacred: Life University of Missouri – Columbia Leigh Anne Lieberman Outside the City Walls at Sardis From Sherds to Assemblages: A Diachronic Princeton University View of Archaeological Assemblages and The Persistent Past: Refoundations in ; David Matthew Buell their Economic Implications in Late Roman in the 5th and 4th Centuries Doreen C. Spitzer Fellow Corinth (3rd–7th c. A.D.) B.C.E. SUNY–Buffalo Urbanism and Settlement Archaeology in the Jerolyn Elizabeth Morrison Jonathan Charles MacLellan Bronze Age Mediterranean: A Comparative University of Houston Martin Ostwald Fellow Approach Cooking Pots and Cooking Practices University of Texas at Austin Greek and Religion

19 Members 2011–12 Eleana Prevedorou Sarah James continued from page 19 Wiener Laboratory Lawrence Angel Kress Publications Fellow Fellow in Skeletal Studies University of Texas at Austin Arizona State University Hellenistic Cooking Wares, Coarse Wares, Ioanna Moutafi Descent Ideology, Postmarital Residency and and Minor Finds Ione Mylonas Shear Fellow Cemetery Structure: A Bioarchaeological University of Sheffield Approach to Sociopolitical Organization in Gilbert Marshall Bioarchaeological Analysis of the LH Cem- Early Bronze Age Aegean Wiener Laboratory Research Associate etery of Voudeni, : Towards a Holistic University of London Understanding of Burial Practices and their Angele Rosenberg-Dimitracopoulou Kephalari Cave Chipped Stone Project Relationship to Social Structure University of Chicago “Praxiteleanism” in Classical and Late China Phebe Shelton Robert Joseph Nichols Wiener Laboratory Research Associate Edward Capps Fellow; Framingham State University Harry Bikakis Fellow Debra Ann Trusty Food, Ritual, and Society of Roman Indiana University Florida State University Kenchreai Rhetoric of Timoria: Constituting Vengeance Pots in the Periphery: Ceramic Analysis of in Lysias Mycenaean Cooking Pottery and its Implica- Anastasia Tatiana Theodoropoulou tions for Secondary Centers Wiener Laboratory Post-Doctoral Emilia Oddo Research Fellow Homer A. and Dorothy B. Thompson SENIOR ASSOCIATE MEMBERS Université de Paris I; Panthéon-Sorbonne Fellow (holding fellowships awarded through From Fishermen to Citizens: Zooarchaeol- University of Cincinnati the ASCSA) ogy and the Sea in the Rising Greek World From Pots to ? Analysis of the Neo- palatial Pottery from the North Slope Dump Georgios Antoniou Chavdar S. Tzochev at Myrtos Pyrgos, Crete George Papaoiannou Fellow Kress Publications Fellow University of Thrace Sofia University (St. Kliment Ohridski) Niki Papakonstantinou Legacy of the Resistance in the Postwar The Amphora Stamps from Thasos Found in Wiener Laboratory Research Associate Political Life of Greece: A First Evaluation the Athenian Agora University of Sheffield Analysis of Human Remains from Two Eleni Hasaki Alessia Zambon Mycenaean Tholos Tombs in Messenia, Kress Publications Fellow Cotsen Traveling Fellow Southern Peloponnese, Greece University of Arizona Université de Paris I; Panthéon Sorbonne Penteskouphia Pinakes and Potters at Work Barbie du Bocage’s Archives in Ancient Corinth

Nellie Reed continued from page 18 by a valet,” wrote a proud Nellie to her at all and even did our hair while riding… plain at the foot was a symphony of bril- family after she and Alice had successfully Dr. R.[ichardson] would hardly believe we liant greens and silvery olives.” concluded this “male” trip. “Either the dif- had never ridden before because we stood It is so refreshing to have access to this ficulties were overstated or else we were so it so well.” kind of personal experience and feelings well prepared for anything or everything… The two women were not always suc- from a period when neither American nor I have never enjoyed anything more heart- cessful, however, and failed to gain admis- English authors (e.g., Henry James and ily.” One is most surprised to read this sion to Dörpfeld’s Peloponnesian trip (the George Gissing) were interested in includ- kind of happy comment when we know latter was adamant about not allowing ing Greece in their writing, even when they, that they had to cover their sheets and the women on his trip). Instead, they made themselves, had traveled there. In 1888, floor of their room with “Persian Powder” arrangements with Angelis Cosmopoulos, Edith Wharton took a cruise in the Aegean to avoid flea bites and go for days with a Dörpfeld’s foreman, and his son, George, to for 4 months, but despite her “inexhaust- tiny amount of water for washing: “Our be their guides. “Angelis is a love, takes care ible memories” she never wrote about it in toilet in the morning had to be performed of us like babies,” wrote an enthusiastic her fiction. As David Roessel has noted inIn out in the veranda, under the gaze of the Nellie. “Our dear Angelis has received an- Byron’s Shadow (2002, p. 154), “we some- surrounding houses, by pouring water from other virtue in our eyes when his son told times hear of people traveling to Greece in a queer pitcher over each other’s hands.” us to-day that his father was the first one novels by major , but we never see By the end of the trip they had even to see the when it was excavated them there, and it is somewhat remark- earned the praise of their valet, who had back in the seventies.” Thirteen hours of able how little the place [Greece] matters noticed a great improvement on their rid- riding mules were forgotten “when Tay- in their books.” ing skills: “At first we braced our feet hard, getos bursts upon us, a long jagged ridge, sat stiffly and hung on for dear life till our the way a mountain should be made, and —Natalia Vogeikoff-Brogan arms were awfully lame while on the last the snowy peaks against a deep blue sky Doreen Canaday Spitzer Archivist day we let our feet swing, didn’t hang on and the lower slopes and greys while the

20 The Blegen House Revisited Another Anniversary

In July 2011 a small group of School staff ily by Blegen, from 1926 to 1927) led the Following the School’s celebration of its and Members were invited to visit the two families to look for a more permanent 130th anniversary in June, a group of in- headquarters of the John F. Costopoulos establishment that would also allow them trepid alumni/ae toasted the famous Lion of Foundation. This impressive neoclassical to entertain their many friends and col- Amphipolis on his 75th birthday (see cover house at 9 Ploutarchou in Kolonaki holds leagues. For several decades, the house at photo). In June of 1936 Oscar Broneer had a special place in the history of the School 9 Ploutarchou functioned as an extension re-erected this “emblem of valor” overlook- because it was once the Blegen House. The of the American School, especially for those ing the River , and we honored his invitation was the result of a pleasant col- who felt unwelcome at the School or who deed (even if the colossal statue is slightly laboration between the School Archives sought the advice of Hill and Blegen. In askew). This first-ever alumni/ae trip was and the administrative staff of the Costo- 1963, when Elizabeth Blegen bequeathed an unqualified success due in large part to poulos Foundation concerning the history the house to the School, Charles H. Morgan our indefatigable leader, Mellon Professor of the Blegen House for an essay in the wrote to her: “…The first I really knew of Margie Miles. We embarked at the Gen- Foundation’s anniversary volume ( Ίδρυμα the [American] School was meeting you nadeion gate with our faithful charioteer Ιωάννου Φ. Κωστόπουλου, Επετειακός two [the Blegens] and the Hills in Delphi. Spiros, and followed Margie as she leapt Απολογισμός 1979–2009, Athens 2010). The next I really knew of it was at 9 Plout- on and off the bus with the energy of a Foundation Director Hector Verykios, as archou Street. When I was Director it was youthful apobates and enthused over ev- well as the architects who were involved always to that address that I looked for ery clamp and dowel. From the plain of in the restoration of the building, kindly guidance. I did the same as Chairman and to the shining sea of Thasos guided us through the house and explained since then for years to come will always we struggled to keep up with her, but in how they uncovered the beautiful frescoes put my first foot in Athens toward it. 9 contrast to some School trips we actually that had long disappeared under layers of Ploutarchou is a symbol to generations…” had time to swim, indulge our appetites for plaster by the time of Carl W. Blegen’s death (Charles H. Morgan to Elizabeth P. Blegen, Macedonian cuisine, and sleep until 7:30 in 1971. We were happy to have with us 25 November 1963). in top-notch hotels. Nancy Bookidis, Corinth Excavations As- In 1973, the School sold the Blegen For many of us, the promise of re-ex- sistant Director Emerita, who had spent House to Vassilios and Eliza Goulandris periencing some of the features of School several weeks at the Blegen House in 1971 for $900,000. In 1988, it was sold to Mar- trips, such as site reports and lively dis- inventorying the property of the Blegens Laimos, before it was bought by Alpha cussions, was a major draw. And, in due and the Hills after Carl Blegen’s death. Bank in 1991 to house its private banking course, we were all reminded of many other Built in 1895–96, the residence was pur- operations. Finally, in 2004, it became the trip hallmarks: treacherous hikes, prickly chased by Elizabeth Pierce Blegen in 1929 property of the John F. Costopoulos Foun- underbrush, sprained ankles, and snoozing to house the Blegen and the Hill couples. dation, which supports the promotion of on the bus. But what struck many of us was Until then, both the Hills and the Blegens the Greek culture, education, scientific how new technology can enhance travel in had lived at the American School, where research, and the arts both in Greece and Greece. With GPS one can no longer get Bert Hodge Hill and Carl W. Blegen held abroad. lost in the thorny hillsides, and the new Eg- the positions of the Director and the Sec- natia Odos speeds one over vast distances retary respectively. The forced resignation — Natalia Vogeikoff-Brogan — although you can still get thwarted by of Hill in 1926 (he was replaced temporar- Doreen Canaday Spitzer Archivist a herd of goats. While past generations of students have searched in vain for Xerxes’ canal across the Peninsula, we recognized it in an instant using Google Earth. The use of color handouts seemed quite innovative to some of us, but other (younger) alums dispensed with paper al- together and showed plans and elevations on their iPads. Our diversity of age, experience, and nationality made for animated and conviv- ial camaraderie. In addition to reports on archaeological topics, we enjoyed authori- tative expositions of Macedonian wines and , followed by actual tastings. We returned to Athens happy, well fed, and sunburned, and when the next alumni/ ae trip is announced we’ll be the first to sign up. Members and staff of the American School and the John F. Costopoulos Foundation at Blegen House. — Samantha Martin-McAuliffe Photo: N. Vogeikoff-Brogan and Jenifer Neils

21 In Memoriam

FREDERICK A. COOPER region. In recent years he was working on 1936–2011 a major book on Greek architecture, which his colleagues plan to bring to fruition.

Professor and archaeologist Frederick A. Cooper, a beloved member of the School SIR PATRICK LEIGH FERMOR community, died on September 23. 1915–2011 His involvement with the ASCSA was a long and fruitful one, beginning with his year as a Regular Member in 1968–69 and Renowned writer and World War II hero extending through decades of service as a Sir Patrick Leigh Fermor died on June 10, Managing Committee Member (from 1974 2011, at his home in Worcestershire, Eng- until his death) representing the Univer- land. He was 96. sity of Minnesota, where he was Morse Regarded by many as one of the finest Alumni Distinguished Professor of Art His- writers of the twentieth century, in Greece tory. During that time span, he was also a Sir Patrick is famed as the war hero who Student Associate Member of the School parachuted into Nazi-occupied Crete in (Strock Fellow) in 1969–70;­­ a two-time World War II, capturing its German com- Gertrude Smith Professor, directing Sum- mander. After the war, he eventually settled mer Sessions in 1978 and 2008; Andrew F. in Greece, near Kardamyli. His love for the Mellon Professor of Classical Studies from country infused much of his writing, and his high-spirited accounts of his adventures 1982 to 1985; and NEH Fellow in 2001–02. Fred Cooper in 1985. Born in Sewickley, Pennsylvania, on De- in prewar Europe, southern Greece, and the cember 12, 1936, Mr. Cooper graduated Caribbean are widely regarded as classics from Yale University with an A.B. in 1959 hibited at the Benaki Museum, appeared of travel literature. and received an M.A. from the University of with commentary in the 1983 exhibition For his decades of writings on Greece, Pittsburgh in 1962. In 1970 he earned his guide. the Greek government in 2007 awarded Sir Ph.D. from the University of Pennsylvania, Throughout the 1990s, Mr. Cooper Patrick its highest honor, the Commander where the focus of his study was Greek and headed the University of Minnesota’s of the Phoenix. His writings include two Roman art, modern art, and Early Italian program of archaeological research and books about life in Greece, “Mani” (1958) art. Prior to embarking on his career as an exploration in the Peloponnese, MARWP and “Roumeli” (1966). educator, he was president of a civil engi- (Minnesota Archaeological Researches in Sir Patrick was honored for his philhel- neering/surveying firm, a background that the Western Peloponnese), directing three lenism by the Board of the Gennadius Li- informed his subsequent archaeological field projects. At Pylos, his team applied brary at its Second Annual Awards Dinner pursuits. He taught briefly at the Univer- modern survey capabilities to make fur- in 2004. sity of Pittsburgh, Temple University, and ther discoveries at the Bronze Age Palace Northwestern University before joining the of Nestor; this nearly decade-long project faculty of the University of Minnesota in produced a detailed plan of the palace and JOHN DOUGLAS MACISAAC 1971. also relocated and mapped more accurately 1944–2011 Recipient of numerous awards for excel- several chamber tombs and shaft graves. lence in teaching, including the Univer- MAWRP’s Morea project, a survey of ver- Professor and former School Member John sity of Minnesota’s Distinguished Teacher nacular architecture dating from the Frank- Douglas MacIsaac died on November 19 in Award in 1972–73 and 1989–90 and the ish period to the mid-twentieth century, Fredericksburg, Virginia. AIA’s Award for Excellence in Undergrad- conducted field seasons from 1991 to 2000; A Regular Member of the School (Rob- uate Teaching in 1996, Mr. Cooper also results of this work were published in 2002 inson Fellow) in 1982–83, he received published and lectured widely. His study in Houses of the Morea: Vernacular Architec- his Ph.D. in Classics from Johns Hopkins of the Temple of at Bassai, begun ture of the Northwest Peloponnesos. During University. His specialty was in the field with the permission of the Greek Archaeo- the summers of 1991 and 1992, Mr. Cooper of numismatics. As a scholar assigned the logical Service in 1969, was the subject of oversaw MARWP’s efforts on the Heroon at publication of ASCSA excavations, he re- his Ph.D. dissertation and remained his life- , a concentrated program of recov- searched coins from the early excavations long passion. His four-volume series on The ery, study, and publication with the aim of by Shear in the Theater and the Roman villa Temple of Apollo Bassitas, published by the eventual physical reconstruction. His work at Ancient Corinth. Among his published School in 1992 and 1996, is recognized as on these field projects delved into history works is “Corinth, the Theater, the Coins, the definitive publication on the temple’s that spanned three millennia, introduced 1925–1926,” Hesperia Vol. 56 (1987). architecture and sculpture. undergraduate and graduate students to in- Mr. MacIsaac also was an Associate In the early 1980s he worked on the re- novative and thought-provoking archaeo- Member of the School (Gennadeion Fel- construction project of the Temple of Zeus logical applications, and added immeasur- low, 1987–88), participated in the NEH at Nemea. His drawings for the project, ex- ably to the body of scholarly work on the continued on next page

22 Robinson Fellows continued from page 15

Lepanto (1571) to the Venetian conquest production. Taxation records also indicate the Villa and the auxiliary buildings of the of the Peloponnese (1684) was one of un- the increasing number of people engaged in Kokkinovrysi Excavations. Analysis of this interrupted Ottoman presence, in which the production of gunpowder and salt and material occupied all of my time at Corinth social and economic trends acquired clear the guarding of mountain passes. and provided the foundation for my study characteristics. It is this period on which Another trend can be observed in the of the Roman phases. my study focuses with the aim of filling a ratio of Muslim to non-Muslim population. My preliminary findings from the pot- bibliographical gap. Although the latter remained the majority, tery reveal that the first Kokkinovrysi From the rich material I collected dur- in comparison to the earlier cadaster, the buildings predate the Roman Villa, but ing a visit at the Bas¸bakanlık archives of Muslim families residing in the kaza appear that most of construction was indeed con- in 2006, I chose to focus my increased in number. This is attested also temporary with it. It seems unlikely that research, undertaken with the financial by the data from the seventeenth-century the area was built up without respect to support of the Robinson Fellowship, on Muslim cemetery at the outskirts of the city the other structures. From this research, the Corinth-related data offered by the of Corinth. A reason might be that at the it appears that at Kokkinovrysi there are first cadaster of the seventeenth century end of the sixteenth century, Muslims of the functional agricultural buildings as well as (code number TT714, based on the years Shi’i order were brought over from a pleasurable villa. In order to responsibly 1613–1614). Information contained in the and settled all over the Peloponnese follow- represent the material, it has become clear cadaster, which comprises data about taxa- ing the obligatory transfer process (sürgün) to me that the Kokkinovrysi area needs to tion, is enlightening regarding demography due to the conflict of the Ottoman State be analyzed as a complex placed within the and the number of settlements as well as with Shi’i Safavid Persia. domestic architecture of Corinth during the agriculture, small industries, and services Further research of the cadasters as well Roman period. Such an analysis requires to the State. This information was com- as a comparison with data from periods more research and collaboration with other pared to data offered by an earlier cadaster shorter than a century apart will enable us scholars working on such issues. (1511–1512) in order to establish demo- to solidify the conclusions of the present Fortunately, many scholars are currently graphic and economic trends. research and to shed light on the economic exploring the nature of domestic architec- The cadaster records 180 settlements and social history of the kaza of Corinth ture at Corinth. In particular, I have been in the kaza (administrative district) of in the seventeenth century as well as on working with Sarah Lepinski to understand Corinth, far more than that of the earlier the broader context of the Ottoman gov- the Panaghia Domus and how it relates to cadaster, as well as a corresponding popula- ernment of the Peloponnese in this vital Roman domestic architecture in Greece. tion growth. Records indicate the strength time period. We visited the Athenian Agora to examine of the area’s agricultural production, par- the Roman houses there so that we could ticularly wheat, barley, rye, and millet. —Seyyed Mohammed Tagi Shariat-Panahi, compare them to the Corinthian buildings. Grape-juice production was an important University of Athens With the current work being done, the re- branch of the local economy; and in al- search of Roman domestic architecture ap- most all villages there is a tax on beehives, ddd pears quite promising in Greece. which indicates that honey production The Robinson Fellowship enabled me to While my research is well underway, also contributed to the local nutrition and return to Corinth last summer to continue much still needs to be done. Artifacts need economy, as well as on vegetable gardens, my research on the stratigraphy, artifacts, to be drawn and some new photographs on which subsistence of households was spatial organization, and use of a small taken. Furthermore, the Cistern, Villa, and based. In comparison to the earlier ca- area in the Ancient City of Corinth (Kok- auxiliary buildings cannot be placed on a daster, one notices that in many villages kinovrysi). plan together since they were dug at dif- production of wheat and barley has been Specifically, I returned to study the ferent times with different benchmarks. reduced and new products are now estab- Roman phases of the Kokkinovrysi Exca- However, I may be able to place them to- lished—an indicator, perhaps, of better vations (1961–1963). Located close to a gether if I can locate an aerial photograph control of production from the state and spring, just outside the city walls to the showing the open excavations alongside therefore of a market-oriented agricultural west, the Kokkinovrysi Excavations border the villa in 1962. The small buildings at the Shear Roman Villa (excavated 1925) to Kokkinovrysi clearly are being used for the South. Although I had looked over the agricultural production but the details are In Memoriam contexts and material previously for my unclear. Further study of comparable sites continued from previous page dissertation, I began an in-depth exami- and techniques will shed light on the activi- Summer Seminar “Archaeology and An- nation of the Roman phases and artifacts. ties at Kokkinovrysi. The goal to place the cient History” at Isthmia in 1991, and was While at Corinth, I decided to include the Kokkinovrysi complex within the physical a Solow Summer Research Fellow in 1998. unpublished excavated material from the and historical context of Corinth and the He was an adjunct Professor of Classics at Roman cistern in my study. This structure Roman Empire is progressing. Mary Washington College from 1993 until is adjacent to the Shear Roman Villa on the 2007. east and north of the Kokkinovrysi excava- —Theodora B. Kopestonsky, He is survived by his wife, ASCSA Man- tions. In fact, this cistern was excavated Denison University and aging Committee Member Liane R. Hough­ at the same time as the Kokkinovrysi ex- Columbia State Community College talin (University of Mary Washington). e cavations and is contemporary with both

23 ference. published inthe proceedings ofthecon Traded intheAegean.”Thelatterwillbe al fresco: ExaminationofLRCookingPots conference in Thessaloniki, called “Kythera ered atthe4thLateRomanCoarseWare of the Fitch Laboratory, which she deliv Series; andanotherwithEvangelia Kiriatzi Corinth,” aspart oftheDirector’s Lecture memoration andCommunityinRoman gave twolectures: “ADecentBurial:Com lier RomanandLateAntiqueperiods, how they are transformed between the ear Roman Archaeology Slane submittedanarticle tothe excavations intheTheater. reading frommost of the pottery the year’s Theater project andwasresponsible for continued from page18 NEH Fellows Also duringhertimeattheSchool,Ms.

e News & Notes kai ta loipa9 Address ServiceRequested Address Princeton,NJ08540–5232 6–8 CharltonStreet, CLASSICAL STUDIESAT ATHENS THE AMERICANSCHOOLOF onburialcustomsand Journal of - - - - of theArchaeological InstituteofAmerica. seum and the Los Angeles County Society was co-sponsored bytheJ.PaulGettyMu rium in Los Angeles in October. The lecture Vases,” presented at theGettyVilla Audito Who’s Buying? Erotic Imageryon Athenian cultural identity inalecture, “SexSells,But ancient andmodernideasaboutAthenian Lynch Managing Committee Member many yearsasamemberofthecommittee. nelly (New York for University) also served Managing CommitteeMemberJoanCon Obama administration.Schoolalumnaand al Property Committeebythe Advisory reappointed asamemberoftheCultur Nancy Wilkie In June, Managing Committee Member styling Project.” articles, andresearch Hair fortheCaryatid tions ofseveralbookchaptersandjournal the Hellenicculture, including…publica tion praisedher“dedicationtoresearching Fall Conference inOctober, theorganiza Rhode Island.Conferringtheaward atits 14 AHEPA chaptersinConnecticut and the Year” forDistrict7,whichcomprises tions, recently honored “Helleneof try’s foremost Greek-American organiza Progressive Association),oneofthecoun AHEPA (AmericanHellenicEducational Katherine Schwab praise for Managing Committee Member ship in all things Greek culminated in high Her manyyearsofresearch andscholar (University of Cincinnati) explored (CarletonCollege)was ddd ddd (FairfieldUniversity): Kathleen ------port theSchool! and familyawonderful waytosup Great giftsforAmericanSchoolfriends delphia for$30incashorcheck. Hall attheAIA/APA meeting inPhila the ASCSAbooth(#301)in Exhibit dling). You mayalsopurchase them at ($30 each,plus$5shippingandhan American SchoolofficeinPrinceton You maypurchase themthrough the Library—are nowavailableforsale. ens, andthegriffinofGennadius the PegasosofCorinth,owlAth the animalsofAmericanSchool– These beautiful canvas tote bags with Bags forSale 130 th AnniversaryTote Non-Profit Org. Non-Profit Permit No.185 Permit U.S. POSTAGE Princeton, NJ PAID - - - -