Landscape Appraisal

Proposed Residential Development Adj. Freshfields, Lambs Lane, for Ray Debenham

October 2019 Issue i Issue Contents page no:

1/ Introduction 3 2/ Site context 4 3/ Proposals - layout plan 5 4/ Aerial view - context 6 5/ Designations and historic landscapes 7 6/ Planning Policies 8 7/ Landscape Character and Sensitivity 9 8/ Methodology & Receptors 11 9/ Approx. visual envelope 12 10/ Visual appraisal results 13 11/ Summary and Conclusions 22 12/ Mitigation measures 24

Appendices 25 Report by chartered Landscape Architects Lucy Batchelor-Wylam CMLI and Isolde Cutting CMLI

Landscape planning and landscape architecture services. Tel: 07905 791207 email: [email protected]

2 Landscape and Visual Appraisal (LVA) Adj. Freshfields, Lambs Lane, Lawshall June 2019

1. Introduction

The purpose of Landscape and Visual Appraisal (LVA) 1. Landscape and Visual Appraisal (LVA) is a tool for predicting and evaluating the effects of a development on the surrounding landscape character, heritage features and on views from the surrounding area. It aims to achieve avoidance, reduction or mitigation of detrimental effects identified. The appraisal follows the principles set out in GLVIA 31. In line with the current guidance, the effects on landscape and on views/visual amenity are appraised separately. 2. Lucy Batchelor-Wylam was initially appointed in September 2018 to provide a Landscape and Visual Appraisal to support outline planning application (DC/18/02155), for land adjacent to ‘Freshfields’, on Lambs Lane, Lawshall. That application was successful and permission was granted in November 2018 for 5no. dwellings. 3. This report now jointly supports 5 seperate individual full applications (2 bungalows and 3 houses) in more or less the same positions as before, collectively henceforth referred to as ‘the Site’. This report is resubmitted with no fundamental changes and treats the 5 houses as a single development for the purposes of the assessment. 4. The report aims to judge the effects the development might have on the landscape, its features and character, and to explore how visible the site will be. The report also aims to address the policies set out in the Lawshall Neighbourhood Plan (accepted by Council in October 2017) which have implications for landscape. 5. The report first provides baseline information about the landscape context and character of the area. This follows a desktop exercise to review relevant designations and policies, available landscape character assessments and aerial mapping. This is followed by Figure 1: Location plan fieldwork which aims to predict what effects the development will have on the character Professional credentials of the village, and on those living in or using the area. 7. This report was undertaken by Chartered Landscape Architects Lucy Batchelor-Wylam, 6. The concluding section of this report describes the mitigation measures proposed to help CMLI (Mem.No. 16639) and Isolde Cutting, CMLI (Mem. No. 15342). minimise and reduce landscape and visual impacts, and judge the significance of the 8. A site visit was first undertaken on 17th September 2018. Weather conditions were sunny remaining residual impacts that cannot be mitigated. and bright. 9. A relatively concise approach is employed in this report, as appropriate for the appraisal of planning applications that fall outside the EIA regulations, and given the limited nature of the impacts proposed.

1 - Guidelines for Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment - 3rd Edition. Landscape Institute and IEMA. 2013. 3 Landscape and Visual Appraisal (LVA) Adj. Freshfields, Lambs Lane, Lawshall June 2019

2. Site context

1. Lawshall is a dispersed village which takes the form of a string of linear settlement clusters and hamlets, with its main cluster to the northwest of the parish. The village services are distributed between this cluster, and the historic linear settlement around the Hall and church to the southeast, where the Swan Inn and the primary school are found. The clusters are separated by gently rolling farmland which sometimes offers scenic sweeping views across the countryside. 2. The Site is located on the southern edge of the main village cluster and residential landuse lies to the north and east of the Site. It is the northern-eastern part of a larger agricultural field that lies to the south of Lambs Lane and is separated visually from the road by a ditch and mature hedge. The Site is currently under grass.

3. Proposal 1. The proposal is for full permission for 5 new residential properties (separate applications). The site plan shows two detached 2 bedroom bungalows and three 2-storey cottages. The Residential properties along Lambs Lane, opposite the proposal Site materials are expected to be a typical vernacular palette of brick, render, pantile or slate roofs that will be in keeping with the local character. 2. Access will be created from Lambs Lane (approximately opposite No.7 Lambs Lane), a new shared drive serving the properties. While the access is through an existing gap in the boundary hedge, it may be necessary to remove some mature hedgerow plants. Visibilty requirements permitting, it is proposed to augment the existing hedge at the newly created access and to fill any existing gaps within the hedge along the Site boundary with a mix of native hedge plants. 3. Further hedges (including hedgerow trees) are proposed along the western, southern and eastern edges of he development with the aim to provide a strong edge towards the open countryside. These hedges are set within a 10m wide strip of wild flower meadow, which will contain additional trees. This will create a much improved biodiversity of the field margin and also provide effective screening of the development to the wider landscape. 4. The layout is not subject to agreement at this stage, but an indicative arrangement is presented on the following page. It forms the basis of the visual appraisal.

Lawshall Hall and the tower of All Saints Church from (road)

4 Landscape and Visual Appraisal (LVA) Adj. Freshfields, Lambs Lane, Lawshall June 2019

3. Proposals - layout plan (Five separate applications) N

6

Design Layout drawing no. 783-02, by @the drawing board - not to recognised scale

5 Landscape and Visual Appraisal (LVA) Adj. Freshfields, Lambs Lane, Lawshall June 2019

4. Aerial view - context

KEY Approx. site area

Ancient hedgerows (Neighbourhood Plan)

Settlement envelope

Frithy Wood (Ancient) SSSI and Woodland TPO Churchill Grade II Listed Building Close Meadow Grade II* Listed Building

Grade I Listed Building Harrow Important Gap Green (Neighbourhood Plan) Frithy Important View Wood (Neighbourhood Plan) Area of Local Landscape Sensitivity (Neighbourhood Plan) All Saints Chuirch

Imagery © Digital Globe, Map Data © 2018 Google UK

6 Landscape and Visual Appraisal (LVA) Adj. Freshfields, Lambs Lane, Lawshall June 2019

5. Designations and historic landscape

Landscape designations that the ‘ proposed construction zone was very low Historic mapping 1. The Site is not subject to any statutory landscape in ecological value with regular disturbance including 8. Lawshall once comprised a dispersed series of farms and designations. cutting, ploughing and sowing’, that ‘signs or evidence cottages. Its focus used to be to the south of today’s main of protected, priority or rare species were not observed 2. The nearest Special Landscape Area (SLA) is an isolated village, around the medieval Hall and church complex. associated with the site’ and that ‘with recommendations pocket, approximately 900m to the east of the Site, Lawshall Hall is a 16th century Grade II* Listed building followed as described, the proposed development could centred on Frithy Wood, an area of ancient woodland, (rebuilt 1557) and there is a cluster of other grade II listed proceed with a minimal risk of harm or significant impact covered by a Woodland TPO and also subject to a SSSI buildings, including the Swann Inn, to the east. In the to protected, priority or rare species and habitats’ .(p.2) designation. 20th century, the village changed substantially with the 5. The report was accompanied by recommendations to infill of both roadside plots along the lanes, and larger, 3. The Lawshall Character Assessment identifies an ancient minimise any potential negative effects on wildlife and planned estate infill happening in the main village cluster, hedge along the northern boundary of the Site (Lambs suggestions to enhance the development for wildlife. filling much of the triangular area formed by Lambs Lane, Lane). Although there are some gaps, this is a mature and These include careful choice and specification for Bury Road and Lawshall Row, interspersed by sizeable thriving hedge. external lighting; replacement of any removed tree with recreational greenspaces. Ecological designations new native broad-leaved tree of high ecological value; 4. The Site was subject to a Preliminary Ecological Appraisal precautionary measure prior and during construction by Skilled Ecology Consultancy Ltd1. The appraisal found to protect reptiles, amphibians, hedgehogs and birds; installation of bat and bird boxes and the use of native OS map form plants in landscape proposals. (Please refer to the ecology 1884 with current report for full details.) settlement boundaries shown Heritage in blue: 6. There is one Listed Building ( Little West Farm, Grade II) SITE within 500m of the proposal Site and 8 Listed Buildings within 1Km. These include Lawshall Hall (Grade II*), All Saints Church, Lawshall (Grade I) and Church House, Lawshall (Grade II), as mapped on p6. It is not expected that any of these Listed Buildings or their settings will experience significant negative impact due to the proposed development. Any visual links established by field work will be addressed in the Summary and Conclusion section of this report.

Babergh GIS map showing the SLAs - hatched in green Rights of Way 7. Mapped public rights of way within the area are notably SITE absent. It is not expected that the development will 1 Skilled Ecology Consultancy Limited: Preliminary Ecological Ap- praisal Including a Protected Species Scoping Assessment of Land at Lambs impact of any footpaths or bridleways in the wider Lane, Lawshall, Suffolk. June 2018 landscape. 7 Landscape and Visual Appraisal (LVA) Adj. Freshfields, Lambs Lane, Lawshall June 2019

6. Planning Policies

Landscape relevant district policy unavoidable, the benefit of the development has to outweigh the loss, and provide 1. The relevant Local Planning policies in relation to landscape are set out in Appendix 4: replacement planting to ensure as much continuity as possible. The proposals provide Babergh District Council Local Plan 2011-2031: Core Strategy and Policies Adopted replacement planting with a focus on either side of the proposed new access, along the February 2014 ancient hedgerow and towards the adjacent landscape to the south. A management plan • Policy CS1: Apply the Presumption in favour of Sustainable Development in Babergh will be part of reserved matters. • Policy CS2 :Settlement Pattern Policy 9. Lawshall was subject to a Character Assessment1, undertaken by the community as part of • Policy CS11: Strategy for Development for Core and Hinterland Villages the Neighbourhood Plan baseline studies. It identified a number of settlement gaps and • Policy CS15: Implementing Sustainable Development in Babergh important views into the wider landscape between the settlement clusters which make Saved Policies Contained in the Babergh Local Plan Alteration No.2 Adopted 2006 up the pattern in Lawshall. Some of these gaps function as physical breaks between the • Policy CR07: Landscaping Scheme clusters, and others also offer long scenic views across open farmland. This is reflected in • Policy CR08: Hedgerows Policy LAW9. Lawshall Neighbourhood Plan (NP) designations and policy 10. The Site is located at the southern edge of the NP Main Population Hub Character Area, but not within one of the identified ‘settlement gaps’. Further, no ‘important view’ was 2. Relavant policies from the Lawshall Neighbourhood Plan 2016 - 2036, made (adopted) identified within the NP for the locality of the Site. October 2017, include: • Policy LAW1: Lawshall’s Settlement Planning Policy 11. The Site does not fall within the Area of Local Sensitivity identified in Policy LAW10. • Policy LAW3: Housing development outside the Built-Up Area Boundary

• Policy LAW7: Protecting Existing Natural Environmental Assets 1 LAWSHALL NEIGHBOURHOODCharacter PLAN Area 2016 1: Main – 2036, Population Character Hub Assessment, Autumn 2017

• Policy LAW8: Protecting and Maintaining Features of Biodiversity Value • Policy LAW9: Settlement Gaps • Policy LAW10: Area of Local Landscape Sensitivity. 3. The proposal Site is just outside and adjacent to the Built-Up Area Boundary (BUAB) of the main population hub of Lawshall and is ‘well related’ to the Built-Up Area, as there are existing dwellings adjacent to the east of the Site and on the northern side of Lambs Lane. These include houses and bungalows of varying ages, the majority additions of the 20th century. Therefore the proposals comply with Policy LAW1. 4. The proposals are for a small group of 5 new dwellings, which follows Policy LAW3. 5. Policy LAW7 refers to important woodland and ancient hedges and requires that new developments contribute to their biodiversity value. SITE 6. It is not anticipated that the proposal will have an impact on any important woodland in the area. 7. Apart from the location where the entrance to the development needs to be created, the stretch of ancient hedge, which is within the proposal site, along the northern boundary, LAWSHALL’S MAIN POPULATION HUB will be protected and augmented as necessary to close any existing gaps. Together with Extract from additional mitigation planting it is expected that the proposals will achieve a net gain in LAWSHALL NEIGHBOURHOOD PLAN biodiversity within the locality. 2016 – 2036 Character Assessment 8. This closely links to Policy LAW 8, which requires new developments to retain physical 7 Autumn 2017, amended V2 features as far as possible and to aim for a net gain in biodiversity. Where losses are 8 Landscape and Visual Appraisal (LVA) Adj. Freshfields, Lambs Lane, Lawshall June 2019

7. Landscape character and sensitivity

National level 1. In terms of the National Joint Character Areas study, the site is within area 86 ‘South Suffolk • Villages often associated with greens or former greens 1 and North Essex Claylands’ . Its key characteristics are: • Rich stock of medieval and Tudor timber-framed and brick buildings and moated • Broadly flat, chalky, boulder clay plateau dissected by undulating river valley topography sites • Predominantly arable with wooded appearance. Some pasture in valley floors. Irregular • A large scale landscape with long undulating open views trees, either in hedges or field pattern despite rationalization; remnant Ancient Countryside. in woods, are always a prominent feature • Scattered farmsteads, deep ditches and moats, parishes with scattered, small • In the undulating landscape, crop production, especially oilseeds can be visually settlements around ‘tyes’ (commons) or strip greens, with isolated hamlets. prominent Concentration of isolated moated sites. • Timber-framed and colour-washed houses, 5. It is an inherently sensitive landscape type owing to its landform and the related sometimes faced with Georgian red brick. Impressive churches. Large villages and vulnerability of the valley side landscape and its built heritage assets to change. frequent towns, most with medieval street plans and timber- frame houses. Landscape Guidelines • Hedgerow trees are oak and ash in Suffolk. Few large woods. Trees and woods appear to join together to give wooded skyline. 6. Suffolk County Council’s Landscape Character assessment provides Guidance Notes for the future management of landscape character for each character type. For the • Winding road pattern away from major routes, often with wide verges and strong ‘Undulating ancient farmlands’ type relevant guidance includes: hedgerows. Sunken hollow lanes are a feature. • Parishes in this landscape tend to consist of multiple clusters of varying sizes. The County level release of land for development should, if at all possible, reflect the local pattern. 2. A more focused description is provided by Suffolk County Council’s Landscape Character Settlement expansion must not erode the characteristic form and vernacular styles Assessment 2. The site is in ‘Type 23 - Undulating ancient farmlands’. of towns and villages. Ribbon development destroys this pattern and can have a 3. The ‘Undulating ancient farmlands’ is a clay ‘upland’ landscape type, found in the upper considerable impact on the wider landscape. reaches of the Stour valley in south-west Suffolk. The area lies between Clare and Cowlinge in • When vernacular styles and detailing are used for housing or other development the west and and Lawshall in the east. the choice should echo that of the immediate locality or the specific cluster in 4. The key characteristics are: which the development is proposed. • Undulating arable landscape 7. It provides the following Land Management Guidelines: • Field pattern generally a random ancient pattern with occasional areas of regular • Reinforce the historic pattern of sinuous field boundaries fields associated with former mediaeval deer parks. • Recognise localised areas of late enclosure hedges when restoring and planting • Oak, ash and field maple as hedgerow trees hedgerows • Substantial open areas created for airfields and by post WWII agricultural • Maintain and restore greens and commons improvement • Maintain and increase the stock of hedgerow trees • Studded with blocks of ancient woodland • Maintain the extent and improve the condition of woodland cover with effective • Dispersed settlement pattern of loosely clustered villages, hamlets and isolated management farmsteads • Maintain and restore the stock of moats and ponds in this landscape.

1 http://publications.naturalengland.org.uk/publication/5095677797335040 2 http://www.suffolklandscape.org.uk/landscapes/Rolling-valley-farmlands.aspx 9 Landscape and Visual Appraisal (LVA) Adj. Freshfields, Lambs Lane, Lawshall June 2019

7. Landscape character and sensitivity continued:-

Lawshall Neighbourhood Plan Character Assessment retain a practical and visual connection to the countryside despite this being 8. The Lawshall NP character assessment3 identified the character of Lawshall as a linear collection a relatively densely populated area. It is natural that this ‘hub’ has become of settlement clusters, separated by open countryside. It identified a hierarchy of four character the focus of recent infill development, however, the aspiration is that not all types - ‘Hubs’, ‘Residential Roads’, ‘Village Greens’ and ‘Country Lanes’. new housing will be located exclusively within this area of the parish in future years.” (p.6) 9. The Site is adjacent to the ‘Main Population Hub’ character type, which is described as follows: “The newer part of the village, this area is predominantly characterised by 20th century Landscape sensitivity development, but does contain a few older properties. Proportionally it is more highly populated 10. There are a number of aspects that should be noted in relation to the sensitivity than the outlying hamlets. The village hall and purpose-built shop (currently closed) and of the Site. Suffolk County Council’s Undulating‘ Ancient Farmlands’ landscape ‘important green spaces’ form a service and amenity hub with a street scene that is softened type has an intrinsically high sensitivity to change due to its undulating landform. by the presence of mature trees and hedges. Many properties still back onto farmland or the 11. The Site is located adjacent to the south of the Main Population Hub of Lawshall. ‘green spaces’, and the proximity to Golden Wood, our 21 acre community woodland helps to Currently this settlement edge is well defined by the mature and thriving ancient 3 LAWSHALL NEIGHBOURHOOD PLAN 2016 – 2036, Character Assessment, Autumn 2017 hedge along the southern side of Lambs Lane. 12. The Site is located south of this hedge. Here, the views are more open towards the south, south-west and south-east, which could potentially make this development quite prominent within the landscape. 13. However, the landscape surrounding the Site has a relatively robust character. The Site is located on the edge of a plateau, where the land is almost flat. Plateau locations are generally less sensitive than valley or valleyside locations. Developments are more likely to be absorbed successfully into the landscape, where trees and hedges provide effective screening. The proposals include mitigation planting in form of hedges and hedgerow trees to achieve this effect. 14. The site is tucked between existing residential properties on the western and eastern ends of Lambs Lane and does not protrude into the wider open landscape. 15. The field hedges to the south of the Site, as well as the proposed mitigation planting, the well managed hedges along Melford Road and Harrow Green, together with landform and built from combine to make the Site far less conspicuous within the wider landscape, than might be expected for the landscape type.

LAWSHALL’S CHARACTER AREAS Extract from LAWSHALL NEIGHBOURHOOD PLAN 2016 – 2036 Character Assessment Autumn 2017, amended V2 10 Landscape and Visual Appraisal (LVA) Adj. Freshfields, Lambs Lane, Lawshall June 2019

8. Methodology and receptors Appraisal methodology Receptors 1. This study broadly follows the guidance provided in ‘Guidelines for Landscape and Visual 5. For both landscape and visual elements of the appraisal professional judgement was rd Impact Assessment’ (Guidelines for Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment - 3 Edition, applied to each factor in turn, firstly to determine sensitivity and value of the receptor Landscape Institute and IEMA, 2013). Impacts to landscape and visual receptors are itself, then to assess the magnitude of the change taking place, then finally cross- considered separately. referencing the two values to derive a measure of impact significance. 2. The significance of the visual impacts were derived from cross-referencing values of sensitivity of receptor (landscape or view type) against the size and nature of the change Landscape appraisal likely to occur. This process alone is considered insufficient however, and text justifications 6. The guidances states that landscape appraisal needs to consider effects on the physical accompany to validate and explain the judgements reached. Table showing derivation of landscape, as well as on landscape character and the perceptual aspects of the experience impact significance values: of the landscape. 7. For this Site, the following types of receptors were assessed: Sensitivity of receptor: Magnitude of 1) Impacts to physical features - vegetative features effect: HIGH MODERATE LOW 2) Impacts to landscape character:- SEVERE Very high High Medium-high a) The county’s ‘Undulating Ancient Farmland’ character type SUBSTANTIAL High Medium-high Medium-low b) Local character 8. The results of the landscape appraisal are included with the concluding section of this MODERATE Medium-high Medium-low Low report. SLIGHT Medium-low Low Negligible Visual appraisal NEGLIGIBLE Low/Negligible Negligible Negligible 9. The following 9 points were photographed for the visual appraisal - taken from publicly accessible points such as highways, field entrances and outside residential properties from where the site may be visible: 3. Significance values in red and orange are deemed ‘significant’. Where these are identified, efforts should be made by designers to reduce the level of impact. Values in green or 1. Lambs Lane, looking west blue are not deemed significant and represent a more acceptable level of landscape or 2. Lambs Lane, looking south visual impact. Values in yellow are dependent on context and significance should be fully 3. Lambs Lane, at new access, looking south discussed in the assessment. Efforts to mitigate effects should be fully explored. 4. Lambs Lane, looking south-east 4. The definitions for each of the judgement terms applied are set out in appendices 1 and 2. 5. Field entrance, Lambs Lane, looking east 6. Lawshall Village Hall, looking north-west 7. Approaching Harrow Green, looking north-west 8. Shimpling Road, looking north 9. Melford Road, looking north-east

11 Landscape and Visual Appraisal (LVA) Adj. Freshfields, Lambs Lane, Lawshall June 2019

9. Approx. visual envelope and viewpoints

KEY: Visual appraisal 1 viewpoint Approx. visual envelope - zone from which direct views of Site likely (summer 6 conditions).

Viewpoints used in visual appraisal 1. Lambs Lane, looking west 2. Lambs Lane, looking south 7 3. Lambs Lane, at new access, looking south 4. Lambs Lane, looking south-east 5. Field entrance, Lambs Lane, looking east 6. Lawshall Village Hall, looking north-west 7. Approaching Harrow Green, looking north- west N 8. Shimpling Road, looking north 9 9. Melford Road, looking north-east

2 1 4 3 5 8

Imagery © Digital Globe, Infoterra & Bluesky, Map Data © 2018 Google UK 12 Landscape and Visual Appraisal (LVA) Adj. Freshfields, Lambs Lane, Lawshall June 2019 10. Visual appraisal results -Viewpoint 1, Lambs Lane, looking west

Approx. extent of Site

Approx. extent of Site access

Description of existing view Magnitude of changes to view (value judgements defined in appendix)

YEAR ONE (WINTER): As the proposed dwellings are set back from Lambs Lane, only oblique views onto one or two houses will be available from this viewpoint. The intention is to retain as much hedge as possible, visibility splays allowing. The This viewpoint is from Lambs Lane to the north of the Site, new access point into the development will be visible further along the hedgeline Impact the edge of which begins approximately with the gap in the allowing just a glimpse into the site. As driveways are already present within this significance NEGLIGIBLE mature hedge. From this viewpoint, the primary focus is view, the overall change to the view is considered SLIGHT (adverse) in terms of Year one the road ahead and the mature hedge on the southern side. amount of change and to the character of the change. The Lawshall NP has identified this as an ‘ancient’ hedge. MAGNITUDE OF CHANGE: Slight (adverse) The Site is largely screened behind the hedge. Due to the driveways on the northern side of the lane, the non-native planting and the reflective verge marker posts the view has a YEAR FIFTEEN (SUMMER): Lambs Lane, looking west Lambs residential character. The maturing planting will have closed the first gap in the hedge and should help Impact

Viewpoint sensitivity - LOW sensitivity - Viewpoint Views from highways are usually judged LOW in sensitivity. to provide continuous screening and help offset the effect of the new access point significance NEGLIGIBLE to the Site. The dwellings will appear well integrated by now and backed by tree Year 15 planting to the south.

Viewpoint 1 Viewpoint MAGNITUDE OF CHANGE: NEGLIGIBLE (neutral) Mitigation Additional tree and native hedgerow planting along the northern edge of the development will provide screening towards Lambs Lane.

13 Landscape and Visual Appraisal (LVA) Adj. Freshfields, Lambs Lane, Lawshall June 2019 10. Visual appraisal results -Viewpoint 2, Lambs Lane, looking south

Approx. extent of Site in view

Description of existing view Magnitude of changes to view (value judgements defined in appendix) This viewpoint is on Lambs Lane, looking south onto fields over the gap in the existing hedge at YEAR ONE (WINTER): On completion, the eastern-most dwelling will be visible directly opposite. the eastern end of the Site. While taken from The mitigative planting to augment the existing boundary hedge will not yet have matured a highway, this view also gives an indication of sufficiently to provide screening. Residential landuse will now be at close range and the character Impact MEDIUM- significance the views experienced by residential properties of the view will change from a rural view to views onto additional houses, resulting in a change to HIGH along the northern side of Lambs Lane. (These the rural feel. This is considered to be a MODERATE (adverse) change of this view. Year one houses are set back from the lane, making the MAGNITUDE OF CHANGE: MODERATE (adverse) view less immediate, but the angle of view shown is representative. Principle windows of ground and first floors face the Site).

Lambs Lane, looking south Lambs The Site itself is visible as grassland behind the scrub at the gap in the hedge. The view is open, YEAR FIFTEEN (SUMMER): yet framed by hedge on either side as well as on Impact Restoration of the northern boundary hedge is expected to, by now, provide effective screening MEDIUM- the far horizon. between the Site and the viewpoint (and the adjoining properties). The magnitude of change to significance Viewpoint sensitivity - HIGH Viewpoint LOW The sensitivity of this view is judged as HIGH. the view is expected to be reduced to SLIGHT. Year 15 as it represents a short range view, regularly MAGNITUDE OF CHANGE: SLIGHT (adverse)

Viewpoint 2 Viewpoint experienced by those living in this area and adjacent dwellings. Mitigation Additional native tree and hedgerow planting along the northern edge of the development will provide screening and new trees to the south will help break the skyline behind.

14 Landscape and Visual Appraisal (LVA) Adj. Freshfields, Lambs Lane, Lawshall June 2019 10. Visual appraisal results - Viewpoint 3, Lambs Lane , at new access, looking south

Approx. extent of Site in view

Approx. extent of Site access

Description of existing view Magnitude of changes to view (value judgements defined in appendix) This viewpoint is on Lambs Lane, approximately at the proposed new access into the development, looking south YEAR ONE (WINTER): On completion, the new access, a number of new dwellings, onto fields beyond the gap in the existing hedge at the and parked cars will be clearly visible, opposite the residential houses along the northern side of Lambs Lane. Residential landuse will now be at close range and eastern end of the proposal site. While taken from a highway Impact MEDIUM- the character of the view will change from a rural view to views onto additional significance embankment, this view also gives an indication of the views HIGH experienced by residential properties along the northern houses, resulting in a change to the rural feel. The additional planting on either Year one side of Lambs Lane. (These houses are set back from the side of the access will not yet have sufficiently matured to soften the views. lane, making the view less immediate, but the angle of view MAGNITUDE OF CHANGE: MODERATE (adverse) shown is representative. Principle windows of ground and

Lambs Lane access Lambs first floors face the Site). The Site itself is visible as grassland behind the scrub at the YEAR FIFTEEN (SUMMER): gap in the hedge. The view is open, yet framed by hedge As the additional planting matures, it is expected that the views to the new houses Impact on either side as well as on the far horizon. It is rural and will become increasingly filtered and softened. MEDIUM- significance Viewpoint sensitivity - HIGH Viewpoint tranquil, with few detracting elements. However, as the access road into the development is more or less directly Year 15 HIGH The sensitivity of this view is judged as HIGH as it represents opposite, the views onto the dwellings and cars will remain largely open. Viewpoint 3 Viewpoint a short range view, regularly experienced by those living in MAGNITUDE OF CHANGE: MODERATE (adverse) this area and adjacent dwellings. Mitigation Additional tree and native hedgerow planting along the northern edge of the development will provide partial screening.

15 Landscape and Visual Appraisal (LVA) Adj. Freshfields, Lambs Lane, Lawshall June 2019

10. Visual appraisal results -Viewpoint 4, Lambs Lane, looking south-east

Approx. extent of site in view

Approx. extent of Site access in view

Description of existing view Magnitude of changes to view (value judgements defined in appendix)

YEAR ONE (WINTER): On completion the access and some of the houses of the new development will be clearly visible. Residential landuse will now be at close range and the character of the views will change from a rural view to views onto additional houses, resulting in a change to the rural feel. The Impact additional planting on either side of the access will not yet have sufficiently This view is from Lambs Lane, approaching from the west, looking significance LOW matured to soften the views. However, built structures are not an altogether south-east, through the gap in the hedge, where the new access is Year one new element in the view, and overall the change to the character of the view proposed. is considered to be MODERATE. This is predominantly a highway view, therefore the sensitivity is MAGNITUDE OF CHANGE: MODERATE (adverse) considered LOW. Lambs Lane, looking SE Lambs The gap in the hedge opens an oblique view into the Site, beyond YEAR FIFTEEN (SUMMER): which existing dwelling are embedded in a wooded horizon. Overall As the additional planting matures, it is expected that the views to the new the view is tranquil and rural with few detracting elements. houses will become increasingly softened. Impact Viewpoint sensitivity - LOW sensitivity - Viewpoint However, as the access road into the development is at the centre of this significance LOW view, and views onto the new dwellings and cars will remain largely open, the Year 15 Viewpoint 4 Viewpoint overall change to the view remains MODERATE. MAGNITUDE OF CHANGE: MODERATE (adverse) Mitigation Additional tree and hedgerow planting along the northern edge of the development will provide partial screening and new trees to the south will help break the skyline behind. 16 Landscape and Visual Appraisal (LVA) Adj. Freshfields, Lambs Lane, Lawshall June 2019

10. Visual appraisal results -Viewpoint 5, Field entrance, Lambs Lane, looking east

Approx. extent of site

All Saints Church

Description of existing view Magnitude of changes to view (value judgements defined in appendix)

YEAR ONE (WINTER): On completion parts of the new development will This view is from a field entrance at the western end of Lambs be clearly visible, as the newly planted mixed native hedgerow along the western and southern boundaries of the Site will not yet have had time to Lane, looking east. As the view represents a residential property, Impact Crossways, with views, mainly from the first floor (ground floor views mature sufficiently to provide screening. However, built structures are not an altogether new element in the view, both the residential dwellings and the significance LOW are largely screened by boundary hedge), this view is considered to Year one be MODERATELY sensitive. landmark of All Saints Church will remain visible and overall the change to the character of the view is limited. Due to the bend in the road and the thriving mature hedge, the Site is screened to a large extent. It is expected that filtered views of the Site MAGNITUDE OF CHANGE: SLIGHT (adverse)

Field entrance, looking east Field entrance, would be available during leaf-free winter months. Apart from the hedge, framing this view to the north, the view is YEAR FIFTEEN (SUMMER): open across a large agricultural field, onto residential properties and The newly planted western and southern boundary hedges will, by now, Impact All Saints Church, Lawshall embedded in a wooded horizon. Overall provide increased screening between the Site and the viewpoint (and the significance

Viewpoint sensitivity - MODERATE Viewpoint the view is tranquil and rural with few detracting elements. adjoining property). It is expected that the dwellings will be largely screened Year 15 NEGLIGIBLE and that at most rooflines remain visible. Viewpoint 5 Viewpoint MAGNITUDE OF CHANGE: NEGLIGIBLE (neutral)

Mitigation Additional tree and native hedgerow planting along the western and southern edges of the development will, over time, provide effective screening.

17 Landscape and Visual Appraisal (LVA) Adj. Freshfields, Lambs Lane, Lawshall June 2019

10. Visual appraisal results -Viewpoint 6, Grounds of Lawshall Village Hall, looking north-west

Approx. extent of Site

Description of existing view Magnitude of changes to view (value judgements defined in appendix)

YEAR ONE (WINTER): On completion, at most glimpses of the new development will be available, resulting in a negligible change to the overall character of the Impact This view is from the grounds of Lawshall Village Hall, looking view. significance NEGLIGIBLE north-west. As taken in a publicly accessible area this view is Year one MAGNITUDE OF CHANGE: NEGLIGIBLE (neutral) considered to have MODERATE sensitivity. The view, framed by mature trees, is over paddocks, grassland

Lawshall Village Hall Village Lawshall and agricultural land, with associated machinery and stored bails. The Site is located to the right edge of the view, and due to YEAR FIFTEEN (SUMMER): intervening vegetation, only glimpses, if any views at all are The matured boundary vegetation will screen any glimpses of the development, Impact expected to be available. with the possible exception of the rooflines of the two cottages. Overall changes to significance NEGLIGIBLE this view will be NEGLIGIBLE Year 15 Viewpoint sensitivity - MODERATE Viewpoint

Viewpoint 6 Viewpoint MAGNITUDE OF CHANGE: NEGLIGIBLE (neutral)

Mitigation Additional tree and native hedgerow planting along the eastern and southern edges of the development will provide screening.

18 Landscape and Visual Appraisal (LVA) Adj. Freshfields, Lambs Lane, Lawshall June 2019 10. Visual appraisal results -Viewpoint 7, Approaching Harrow Green, looking north-west

Approx. location of Site

Description of existing view Magnitude of changes to view (value judgements defined in appendix)

YEAR ONE (WINTER): On completion, during winter months, glimpses of the development may be possible through the leaf-free hedgerow. Due to the distance Impact of the Site from the viewpoint (over 500m) and the filtering effect of the hedge, it is significance NEGLIGIBLE This view is from the road (Harrow Green) before reaching considered that the impact will be NEGLIGIBLE (neutral). Year one Harrow Green, looking north-west. Views from highways MAGNITUDE OF CHANGE: NEGLIGIBLE (neutral) usually have a LOW sensitivity. Beyond a young roadside hedge the view is across agricultural land onto a hedged horizon. The view is rural and tranquil in

Approaching Harrow Green Harrow Approaching character and, apart from one noticeable telegraph pole, with no detracting features. Due to landform and vegetation the YEAR FIFTEEN (SUMMER): Impact Site is not visible from this viewpoint. With the mitigation planting maturing and adding an extra layer of screening, it is significance NEGLIGIBLE Viewpoint sensitivity - LOW sensitivity - Viewpoint considered that the impact will be NEGLIGIBLE (neutral). Year 15 MAGNITUDE OF CHANGE: NEGLIGIBLE (neutral) Viewpoint 7 Viewpoint

Mitigation Not applicable.

19 Landscape and Visual Appraisal (LVA) Adj. Freshfields, Lambs Lane, Lawshall June 2019 10. Visual appraisal results -Viewpoint 8, Shimpling Road, looking north

Approx. extent of Site

Description of existing view Magnitude of changes to view (value judgements defined in appendix)

YEAR ONE (WINTER): Any glimpses of the proposed development will be filtered Impact This view is from Shimpling Road looking north, across recently by the intervening vegetation. The change to the overall view is considered NEGLIGIBLE (neutral). significance NEGLIGIBLE harvested, large agricultural fields, towards a treed horizon, Year one allowing glimpses of dwellings and signs of agricultural activity. MAGNITUDE OF CHANGE: NEGLIGIBLE (neutral) The landscape is gently undulating and has a tranquil and rural character with no detracting features. Views from highways are usually considered to have LOW

Shimpling Road, looking N Shimpling Road, sensitivity. The Site, located in front of this treed horizon, is largely YEAR FIFTEEN (SUMMER): Impact screened by intervening mature hedgerows. The mitigative planting along the southern edge of the proposal will provide an significance NEGLIGIBLE Viewpoint sensitivity - LOW sensitivity - Viewpoint additional layer of screening. Year 15 MAGNITUDE OF CHANGE: NEGLIGIBLE (neutral) Viewpoint 8 Viewpoint

Mitigation Additional tree and native hedgerow planting along the southern edge of the development will, over time, provide additional screening.

20 Landscape and Visual Appraisal (LVA) Adj. Freshfields, Lambs Lane, Lawshall June 2019 10. Visual appraisal results -Viewpoint 9, Melford Road, looking north-east

Approx. extent of Site

Description of existing view Magnitude of changes to view (value judgements defined in appendix)

YEAR ONE (WINTER): The development will form part of the horizon, where This view is from Melford Road looking north-east, across parts of it may just be visible against the skyline. Any glimpses of the proposed Impact recently harvested, large agricultural fields and grassland, development will be filtered by the intervening vegetation. It is also expected that the new dwellings would be perceived as part of the group of existing houses along significance NEGLIGIBLE towards a treed horizon, allowing glimpses of dwellings and Year one signs of agricultural activity. A line of young trees in the middle Lambs Lane. The change to the overall view is considered NEGLIGIBLE (neutral). background provides additional interest. The landscape is MAGNITUDE OF CHANGE: NEGLIGIBLE (neutral) gently undulating and has a tranquil and rural character with no detracting features.

Melford Road, looking NE Road, Melford Views from highways are usually considered to have LOW sensitivity. YEAR FIFTEEN (SUMMER): Impact The Site can just be glimpsed behind intervening hedgerows The mitigative planting along the southern edge of the proposal will provide an significance NEGLIGIBLE Viewpoint sensitivity - LOW sensitivity - Viewpoint (and agricultural machinery). additional layer of screening and restore the wooded skyline around the Site. Year 15 MAGNITUDE OF CHANGE: NEGLIGIBLE (neutral) Viewpoint 9 Viewpoint

Mitigation Additional tree and native hedgerow planting along the southern edge of the development will, over time, provide additional screening.

21 Landscape and Visual Appraisal (LVA) Adj. Freshfields, Lambs Lane, Lawshall June 2019

11. Summary and Conclusions

1. This Landscape and Visual Appraisal (LVA) examines the issues relating to full planning gaps in the hedge and to strengthen the hedge along the Site boundary. application for a group of 5 dwellings on land on the south side of Lambs Lane, Lawshall. 8. Towards the west and south boundary hedges are proposed to embed the development It provides information to assist those commenting on, or involved with determining the within the landscape. A 6m wide strip of wildflower meadow and trees outside the applications. boundary hedges will allow maintenance of these hedges and create a field margin to the adjacent agricultural land, which will have benefits for biodiversity. Relevant policy 9. Backed by recommendations by the ecologist, the following measures will protect existing 2. Lawshall was subject to a Character Assessment, undertaken by the community as part of landscape features and offset and compensate for the minor losses expected: the Neighbourhood Plan baseline studies. This highlighted that the character of Lawshall • careful choice and specification for external lighting; is a series of built clusters with ‘sizeable’ gaps in between them - usually comprising farmland. These ‘offer views towards open countryside and over ancient hedgerows’ • replacement of any removed tree with new native broad-leaved tree of high ecological (p.10) 1. The parish decided that maintenance of this pattern is one of the key ways of value; protecting the character of the village, i.e. preventing any new development from causing • precautionary measures prior and during construction to protect reptiles, amphibians, clusters to merge together. hedgehogs and birds; 3. The proposed development will neither affect any of the ‘important views’, nor any of the • installation of bat and bird boxes and the use of native plants in landscape proposals. settlement ‘gaps’, identified in the Neighbourhood Plan. (Please refer to the ecology report for full details.) 4. Within the Lawshall Neighbourhood Plan are a number of policies that are relevant for Effects on character new development proposals. 10. In terms of landscape character, the scale of the development is such that it would have 5. The development proposals for Lambs Lane comply with these policies with regards to a NEGLIGIBLE impact at the scale of the County character area - ‘Undulating ancient the scale of the development, the close proximity to built clusters and the BUAB, and farmlands’. Effects will be localised. the net gain for biodiversity, which can be achieved through the proposed mitigation measures. 11. The character of the locality of the Site will change in that the existing residential character of the lane will extend along the southern side of Lambs Lane. Landscape Impacts 12. Developing the Site will have a SLIGHT adverse effect on local character along Lambs Lane, Physical landscape features but the landscape is not highly sensitive, and the Site will, over time, be well screened 6. There will be both losses and gains in terms of physical landscape impacts. In terms of towards the wider landscape to the south, west and east. The are no designations, loss, the development will cause the loss of a small area of grassland which forms part of a heritage assets or particularly valued or rare landscape features or characteristics that larger field. This is discussed more fully in ecological terms in the report by Skilled Ecology would be directly affected. The well wooded nature of the surroundings increase the Consultancy Ltd. Its loss will be offset by the proposed mitigation measures. capacity of the landscape to assimilate change without wider adverse impacts being felt. 7. Along the south side of Lambs Lane the Lawshall Neighbourhood Plan has identified an Visual impacts ancient hedgerow ( with accompanying ditch). The proposed access to the development is located at an existing gap within this hedge in order to minimise the impact. It will 13. Visual impacts are limited and will be experienced mainly at close range. Field work be necessary to culvert the ditch next to the hedge for the access. The impact on the established that despite the potentially large visual envelope, significant impacts are ancient hedge along the northern boundary of the proposal Site is expected to be limited. generally limited to points within relatively close proximity to the Site. The visual envelope Mitigative planting is proposed at the development entrance and to close other existing drawing on page 12 shows that the area of land, where views to the site are potentially affected by the proposal includes longer-distance viewpoints along Harrow Green, 1 LAWSHALL NEIGHBOURHOOD PLAN 2016 – 2036, Character Assessment, Autumn 2017 22 Landscape and Visual Appraisal (LVA) Adj. Freshfields, Lambs Lane, Lawshall June 2019

Shimpling Road and Melford Road. This is due to the fact that the development is, on considered to be minimal. completion, open towards the wider landscape to the south and could affect the existing 21. Travelling in the opposite direction the Site becomes noticeable at another existing gap skyline. in the hedge, where the access into the development is proposed (Viewpoint 4). This Visual impacts on views from dwellings and Heritage assets highway view will experience a moderate change resulting in a modest long-term impact. 14. The development will be visible from a number of properties along Lambs Lane. 22. From other highways, such as Harrow Green (Viewpoint 7), Shimpling Road (Viewpoint 8) and Melford Road (Viewpoint 9) any views are considered insignificant, due to their 15. Freshfields will have oblique views onto the eastern-most dwelling of the development. distance and /or intervening landform and vegetation cover. However, these views will be highly filtered by the existing mature boundary hedge of Freshfields. It was not possible to formally assess the view, as it is a private property. Visual impacts on views from Public Rights of Way (PROW) 16. A number of houses along the northern side of Lambs Lane will experience a more 23. There are no mapped PROWs near to the Site. Due to landform and vegetation cover, it considerable change in their views, particularly from their first floor windows, as they is not anticipated that the proposed development will affect Public Rights of Way in the face the new development directly. Most affected will be No. 7, Lambs Lane, as the wider area. development entrance is on the opposite side of Lambs Lane (represented in Viewpoint 3). 17. On residential dwellings further west along Lambs Lane, for example ‘Crossways’ (on the Conclusion crossing with Melford Road represented in viewpoint 5), the impact of the proposals is 24. It is considered that these developments can be accommodated in this location without considered to be generally less significant and screening will be provided by the existing significant impacts to the wider area. With new native boundary planting in place, the and new hedges. dwellings can be successfully assimilated in this already well wooded setting without 18. There is no significant visual link from the grounds of the Village Hall ( Viewpoint 6). significant adverse effects on landscape character or visual receptors, with the exception There may be oblique views from The Harrow. It was not possible to formally assess this of private dwellings along Lambs Lane. view, as it is a private property. However it is expected that the views towards the Site 25. However, critical to this judgement, are the successful establishment and long are not principal views from the property; the existing boundary hedge of The Harrow term management of the proposed planting, and maintenance of the existing and would filter the views towards the Site; the proposed mitigative hedge to the south of the proposed hedges. Management plans should be provided at condition stage to assure development, would over time, provide additional screening. responsibilities are attributed and sustainable management and maintenance are assured. 19. It is not anticipated that the proposed development will significantly affect any Listed Buildings and their settings. The development would be visible from the top of the tower of All Saints Church and from Lawshall Hall oblique views may be available from the first floor windows. However, due to the distance of the these viewpoints from the Site of approximately 1km, it is expected that in the long-term, with mitigative planting in place, the proposed dwellings would be largely screened and/or perceived as part of the Main Population Hub of Lawshall, resulting in negligible impact.

Visual impacts on views from highways 20. Travelling west along Lambs Lane, the northern boundary of the Site comes into sight approximately opposite Freshfields (Viewpoint 1). From here the proposed dwellings will be initially visible through the existing gap in the roadside hedge. With the existing hedge strengthened and the gap closed, the long-term visual impact of the new development is

23 Landscape and Visual Appraisal (LVA) Adj. Freshfields, Lambs Lane, Lawshall June 2019

12. Summary of mitigation measures and landscape proposals

Existing ancient hedgerow to be augmented, where necessary along the site boundary.

Existing ancient hedgerow to be augmented, where necessary along the 6 site boundary. 6m wide conservation strip

Approx. 150m of new mixed native hedge along western, eastern and southern edge of the development, outside garden curtilages; set within a strip of wildflower meadow with additional hedgerow trees to create a biodiverse field margin and to embed the develoment within the wider landscpe N Drawing 763 G by @the drawing board Not to recognised scale 24 Appendices

Drawing 763 G by @the drawing board Not to recognised scale 25 Appendix 1: Summary of Landscape and Visual Impact Appraisal method

BASELINES: REVIEW: ASSESS EFFECTS: See appendix 2 and 3 for indicator definitions

Establish landscape baseline: • Record physical site features and Judge MAGNITUDE and NATURE of Sensitivity of receptor: Identify characteristics effect. Consider: • Value of receptor interactions and • Size and scale of effects • Research Landscape Character • Susceptibility to effects • Positive or adverse in nature Assessment and how Site contributes/ change • Duration or reversibility of effects detracts (HIGH / MOD / LOW) (SEVERE / SUBSTANTIAL / MODERATE / SLIGHT / NEGLIGIBLE )

Establish landscape Value: Design review • Designations, such as AONB, or policies and/or mitigation affecting landscape or its features • Other value indicators set out in Box Assess significance of effects on 5.1 of GLVIA receptors. (Use table below to as a guide to LANDSCAPE BASELINE: LANDSCAPE significance level) Impacts Identify receptors unacceptable • Physical landscape • Character areas (district) • Character areas (local) Impacts acceptable or can’t be mitigated

GUIDE TO SIGNIFICANCE LEVEL:

Establish visual baseline: SENSITIVITY OF RECEPTOR • Identify receptors affected - establish High Moderate Low DETERMINE FINAL viewpoints SIGNIFICANCE LEVEL • Identify likely extent of visibility Severe Very High High Medium-High Final assessment of Substantial High Medium-High Medium-Low significance of residual Moderate Medium-High Medium Low landscape and visual Establish Value of views: effects • Designations or policies within views Slight Medium-Low Low Negligible • Identify aspects of value of view or scenic MAGNITUDE: VISUAL BASELINE: VISUAL Negligible Low/Negligible Negligible Negligible beauty Appendix 2: VISUAL assessment - explanation of terms used:

VISUAL RECEPTORS - EXAMPLE INDICATORS HIGH MODERATE LOW People not prioritising enjoyment of the landscape, or their People with enjoyment of the landscape is a moderate focus of activity means the landscape is only of cursory People whose activities are focused on enjoyment of the priority and the landscape is of moderate interest. interest, or their experience is brief as they pass through in scenic views and perceptual aspects of the landscape. Walkers in non-designated landscapes. a vehicle. Recreational users in high value landscapes. People experiencing views of modest duration eg views - Places of recreation where the landscape is not relevant People experiencing views of long duration - eg views from from the upper floors of dwellings, or where view very - Places of Work the living areas of residential dwellings. oblique. - Roads and railways in lower value landscapes Views from scenic drives or railways.

VALUE OF VIEW - EXAMPLE INDICATORS HIGH MODERATE LOW

View over undesignated, ‘everyday’ landscape, or view View over international or national statutory designated View over landscape designated at a local or district level, with lower scenic value and lacking cultural associations. landscape, or view with high levels of scenic value and/ or other view with moderate scenic value and/or cultural Valued by local people but not a focus for visitors. Low or strong cultural associations. Valued by regular visitors. associations. Valued by occasional visitors. Moderate visual visual amenity. High visual amenity. amenity.

MAGNITUDE OF CHANGE - EXAMPLE INDICATORS SEVERE SUBSTANTIAL MEDIUM SLIGHT NEGLIGIBLE

Proposals would introduce very Proposals would introduce large No change or almost dominant visual effects, becoming scale visual effects, becoming a Noticeable visual effects, causing Very little change or minor visual imperceptible visual effects, the most prominent aspect prominent aspect within a view, modest deterioration to qualities effects, causing a small degree of causing negligible deterioration to within a view causing major causing notable deterioration to of view and some loss of visual deterioration to qualities of view qualities of view and no real loss deterioration to qualities of view qualities of view and loss of visual amenity. and little loss of visual amenity. of visual amenity. and major loss of visual amenity. amenity. And /or moderate to long term or And /or moderate to short term And /or short term or fully And /or permanent or irreversible And /or permanent or almost partly reversible change. or generally reversible change. reversible change. change. irreversible change.

27 Appendix 3: LANDSCAPE assessment - explanation of terms used:

LANDSCAPE RECEPTOR SENSITIVITY - EXAMPLE INDICATORS HIGH MODERATE LOW

Receptor with some ability to absorb change of the Receptor with low ability to absorb change without Receptor with some good ability to absorb change type proposed, without significant deterioration of substantial deterioration of character/quality, of the type proposed, without deterioration of character/quality. May include some loss of valued including significant loss of valued features, aspects character/quality. No or minor loss of valued features, aspects of value or characteristics. The of value or characteristics. The change proposed features, aspects of value or characteristics. The change proposed would be noticeable but not would be highly intrusive and prominent. change proposed would not be readily apparent. especially discordant.

LANDSCAPE VALUE - EXAMPLE INDICATORS HIGH MODERATE LOW Landscapes with no designations or applicable Receptor with non-statutory designation or Policy Receptor with international or National Statutory landscape or ecological policies, though likely valued designation such as Local Plan Special Landscape designation for its character or scenic quality, or high at community level. / Ordinary ‘everyday’ landscapes Area. / Moderate ecological value. / Pleasant ecological value. / Rare landscape character type with some detracting elements. / Commonly found character with reasonably common landscape that is irreplaceable or not easily be replaced. landscape character type or easily replaceable. characteristics that are not irreplaceable

MAGNITUDE OF CHANGE - EXAMPLE INDICATORS SEVERE SUBSTANTIAL MEDIUM SLIGHT NEGLIGIBLE

Noticeable change over a Permanent, wide reaching or Long term, or fairly substantial Some longer term, or notable small area of the landscape Very minor to unnoticeable very dominant influence, or changes, or change across a changes, or change across a receptor. Or change of larger visual or perceptual change to affecting a large area across reasonably large proportion of moderate proportion of the magnitude but short in the landscape receptor the landscape receptor. the landscape receptor. landscape receptor. duration.

28 Appendix 4: Planning policy text The cumulative impact of development both within the Hinterland Village in Babergh District Council Local Plan 2011-2031: Core Strategy and Policies which the development is proposed and within the functional cluster of villages Adopted February 2014 in which it is located will be a material consideration when assessing such proposals.

Policy CS15: Implementing Sustainable Development in Babergh (landscape relevant Policy CS1: Apply the Presumption in favour of Sustainable Development in Babergh excepts):

When considering development proposals the Council will take a positive approach that Proposals for development must respect the local context and character of the reflects the presumption in favour of sustainable development contained in the National different parts of the district, and where relevant should demonstrate how the Planning Policy Framework. It will always work proactively with applicants jointly to find proposal addresses the key issues and contributes to meeting the objectives solutions which mean that proposals can be approved wherever possible, and to secure of the this Local Plan. All new development within the district, will be required development that improves the economic, social and environmental conditions in Babergh to demonstrate the principles of sustainable development and will be assessed against the presumption in favour of sustainable development – as interpreted district. and applied locally to the Babergh context (through the policies and proposals of this Local Plan), and in particular, and where appropriate to the scale and nature of the Policy CS2: Settlement Pattern Policy proposal, should: ... Identifies Lawshall as a Hinterland Village, which “will accommodate some development to • respect the landscape, landscape features, streetscape / townscape, heritage assets, help meet the needs.” important spaces and historic views. • make a positive contribution to the local character, shape and scale of the area; Policy CS11: Strategy for Development for Core and Hinterland Villages .... Proposals for development must ensure adequate protection, enhancement, compensation Development in Hinterland Villages will be approved where proposals are able to and / or mitigation, as appropriate are given to distinctive local features which characterise demonstrate a close functional relationship to the existing settlement on sites the landscape and heritage assets of Babergh’s built and natural environment within where the relevant issues listed above are addressed to the satisfaction of the designated sites covered by statutory legislation, such as AONBs, Conservation Areas, local planning authority (or other decision maker) and where the proposed etc. and local designations such as Special Landscape Areas and County Wildlife Sites, development: and also local features and habitats that fall outside these identified areas. In particular proposals should protect and where possible enhance the landscape and heritage areas i) is well designed and appropriate in size / scale, layout and character to its including habitats and features of landscape, historic, architectural, archaeological, biological, setting and to the village; hydrological and geological interest. Adaptation or mitigation will be required if evidence ii) is adjacent or well related to the existing pattern of development for that indicates there will be damaging impacts if a proposal is otherwise acceptable and granted settlement; planning permission. iii) meets a proven local need, such as affordable housing or targeted market housing identified in an adopted community local plan / neighbourhood plan; Saved Policies Contained in the Babergh Local Plan Alteration No.2 Adopted iv) supports local services and/or creates or expands employment 2006 opportunities; and v) does not compromise the delivery of permitted or identified schemes in CR07 Landscaping scheme adopted community / village local plans within the same functional cluster. If planning permission is granted for development in the countryside, a high standard of landscaping will be required. This must reflect the characteristics of the locality; (and) use permitted where they take the form of: indigenous species; • single dwellings and small groups of up to 5 dwellings outside, but adjacent to, the Built- Where possible, new planting must link with existing features to provide wildlife “corridors” up and may also involve creating woodland in appropriate circumstances • Area Boundary; or • one dwelling or a pair of semi-detached dwellings on an undeveloped plot adjacent to or CR08 Hedgerows • fronting an existing highway and within a cluster identified in Policy LAW1. Where development proposals affect hedgerows of amenity or landscape significance, • The scale and nature of all schemes must ensure an appropriate level of services, planning permission will only be granted where: facilities and infrastructure, including primary school capacity, are available or can be • hedgerows are retained in full, or provided to serve the proposed development. • suitable mitigation such as replacement planting and management programmes are All proposals should be accompanied by: proposed. • a completed CS11 assessment checklist, which takes into account any cumulative impact taken with other existing commitments in the village; and • a Landscape Visual Impact Assessment; Permission will not be granted where: • a proposal harms or undermines a Settlement Gap identified by Policy LAW9 or otherwise does not accord with that policy, Lawshall Neighbourhood Plan 2016 - 2036, made (adopted) October 2017 • where development would have an adverse impact on the environment or highway safety; or POLICY LAW1 – Lawshall’s Settlement Planning Policy • a proposal comprises ribbon development that would result in the coalescence of Development proposals within the Built-Up Area Boundary of Lawshall, as defined on the settlements and identified clusters. Proposals Map, will be permitted, provided they accord with the other provisions of the Note: A small undeveloped plot is one which could be filled by one detached or a pair of Development Plan. semidetached dwellings where the plot sizes and spacing between dwellings is similar to In addition, outside the Built-Up Area Boundary, small scale development proposals will be adjacent permitted, provided they accord with the other provisions of the Development Plan and properties and thereby respects the rural character and street scene of the locality. where: • they contribute towards meeting local needs; and • are well related to the existing pattern of development within Lawshall POLICY LAW7 - Protecting Existing Natural Environmental Assets To be considered “well related”, sites should be adjacent to the Built-Up Area Boundary Important woodland and ancient hedgerows, shown on the Proposals Map, are valued highly (subject to environmental constraints set out in this plan) or within the confines of the by the community and are to be protected. Any development proposals which impacts upon following “clusters” of 8 or more existing dwellings, as identified on the Proposals Map: them should contribute to, rather than detract from, their biodiversity value. • Harrow Green; • Hanningfield Green; • Hibbs Green; POLICY LAW8 – Protecting and Maintaining Features of Biodiversity Value • ; and All development proposals will be expected to retain existing features of biodiversity value • Audley End (including ponds, trees, hedgerows) and, where practical to do so, provide a net gain in Sites that do not meet the above criteria will be treated as countryside and development biodiversity through, for example: proposals in these areas will need to have regard to other relevant national and local • The creation of new natural habitats; planning policies. • The planting of additional trees and hedgerows (reflecting the character of Lawshall’s traditional hedgerows); and • Restoring and repairing fragmented biodiversity networks. POLICY LAW3 – Housing Development outside the Built-Up Area Boundary Where loss or damage is unavoidable, the benefits of the development proposals must be Proposals for new housing development outside the Built-Up Area Boundary will be demonstrated clearly to outweigh any impacts and the development shall provide for appropriate replacement planting on site together with a method statement for the ongoing care and maintenance of that planting. Where a new access is created, or an existing access is widened through an existing hedgerow, a new hedgerow of native species shall be planted on the splay returns into the site to maintain the appearance and continuity of hedgerows in the vicinity.

POLICY LAW9 - Settlement Gaps The generally open and undeveloped nature of the gaps separating the distinct settlements in the village, as identified on the Proposals Map, will be protected from development in order to preserve the visual qualities of the landscape and to prevent coalescence and retain the separate identity of the settlements. Development will only be permitted within the identified gap if: i. it would not undermine the physical and/or visual separation of the settlements; and ii. it would not compromise the integrity of the Settlement Gap, either individually or in combination with other existing or proposed development; and iii. identified important views will be protected.

POLICY LAW10 - Area of Local Landscape Sensitivity Development proposals in the Lawshall Area of Local Landscape Sensitivity, as identified on the Proposals Map, will be permitted only where they: • protect or enhance the special landscape qualities of the area, identified in the Landscape Character Assessment; and • are designed and sited so as to harmonise with the landscape setting.