Study of the High-Energy Transeint Objects in the Universe in the Era of the Multimessenger Observations Damien Turpin
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GRB 190114C: an Upgraded Legend Arxiv:1901.07505V2 [Astro-Ph.HE] 25 Mar 2019
GRB 190114C: An Upgraded Legend Yu Wang1;2, Liang Li 1, Rahim Moradi 1;2, Remo Ruffini 1;2;3;4;5;6 1ICRANet, P.zza della Repubblica 10, 65122 Pescara, Italy. 2ICRA and Dipartimento di Fisica, Sapienza Universita` di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy. 3ICRANet - INAF, Viale del Parco Mellini 84, 00136 Rome, Italy. 4Universite´ de Nice Sophia Antipolis, CEDEX 2, Grand Chateauˆ Parc Valrose, Nice, France. 5ICRANet-Rio, Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas F´ısicas, Rua Dr. Xavier Sigaud 150, 22290–180 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. 6ICRA, University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Via Alvaro del Portillo 21, I-00128 Rome, Italy. [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], ruffi[email protected] arXiv:1901.07505v2 [astro-ph.HE] 25 Mar 2019 1 Gamma-ray burst (GRB) 190114C first resembles the legendary GRB 130427A: Both are strong sources of GeV emission, exhibiting consistent GeV spectral evolution, and almost identical in detail for the morphology of light-curves in X-ray, gamma-ray and GeV bands, inferring a standard system with differ- ent scales. GRB 190114C is richer than GRB 130427A: a large percentage of ∼ 30% energy is thermal presenting in the gamma-ray prompt emission, mak- ing it as one of the most thermal-prominent GRBs; Moreover, GRB 190114C extends the horizon of GRB research, that for the first time the ultra-high energy TeV emission (> 300 GeV) is detected in a GRB as reported by the MAGIC team. Furthermore, GRB 190114C urges us to revisit the traditional theoretical framework, since most of the GRB’s energy may emit in the GeV and TeV range, not in the conventional MeV range. -
One Or Several Populations of Fast Radio Burst Sources?
One or several populations of fast radio burst sources? M. Caleb1, L. G. Spitler2 & B. W. Stappers1 1Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics, the University of Manchester, Manchester, UK. 2Max-Planck-Institut fu¨r Radioastronomie, Bonn, Germany. arXiv:1811.00360v1 [astro-ph.HE] 1 Nov 2018 1 To date, one repeating and many apparently non-repeating fast radio bursts have been de- tected. This dichotomy has driven discussions about whether fast radio bursts stem from a single population of sources or two or more different populations. Here we present the arguments for and against. The field of fast radio bursts (FRBs) has increasingly gained momentum over the last decade. Overall, the FRBs discovered to date show a remarkable diversity of observed properties (see ref 1, http://frbcat.org and Fig. 1). Intrinsic properties that tell us something about the source itself, such as polarization and burst profile shape, as well as extrinsic properties that tell us something about the source’s environment, such as the magnitude of Faraday rotation and multi-path propagation effects, do not yet present a coherent picture. Perhaps the most striking difference is between FRB 121102, the sole repeating FRB2, and the more than 60 FRBs that have so far not been seen to repeat. The observed dichotomy suggests that we should consider the existence of multiple source populations, but it does not yet require it. Most FRBs to date have been discovered with single-pixel telescopes with relatively large angular resolutions. As a result, the non-repeating FRBs have typically been localized to no bet- ter than a few to tens of arcminutes on the sky (Fig. -
Luglio – Settembre 2017
Raccolta di Flash news dal sito www.ilcosmo.net Luglio – Settembre 2017 Mappa di tutti gli elementi noti che formano i detriti spaziali intorno alla Terra. Questa raccolta consente l’archiviazione personale di tutte le Flash news comparse sulla homepage del nostro sito nel periodo sopra indicato. Non vi sono ulteriori commenti alle notizie. Sono impaginate in ordine cronologico di uscita. La redazione. Assemblato da Luigi Borghi. Associazione Culturale “Il C.O.S.MO.” (Circolo di Osservazione Scientifico-tecnologica di Modena); C.F.:94144450361 pag: 1 di 50 Questa raccolta, le copie arretrate, i suoi articoli, non possono essere duplicati e commercializzati. È vietata ogni forma di riproduzione, anche parziale, senza l’autorizzazione scritta del circolo “Il C.O.S.Mo”. La loro diffusione all’esterno del circolo e’ vietata. Può essere utilizzata solo dai soci per scopi didattici. - Costo: Gratuito sul WEB per i soci . Raccolta di Flash news dal sito www.ilcosmo.net 1/7/2017 - Il robot che pulirà lo spazio. Sono parecchi anni che gli scienziati e le università di tutto il mondo cercano di risolvere questo enorme problema della sicurezza del volo spaziale: l’accumulo di detriti su orbite operative è potenzialmente devastante per qualsiasi tipo di veicolo spaziale, dai satelliti operativi alle missione con astronauti ed alla ISS. Che non sia un problema facile lo si evince dalla velocità di questi “proiettili” che si aggira sui 28.000 km orari e oltre, dalla impossibilità di identificarne la composizione e dalla impssibilità di determinare i punti di presa di oggetti che, nella maggior parte dei casi, sono pure in rapida rotazione su se stessi. -
MEMORIA IAC 2013 Pero No Todo Son Balances Positivos
MEMORIA 2013 “INSTITUTO DE ASTROFÍSICA DE CANARIAS” EDITA: Unidad de Comunicación y Cultura Científica (UC3) del Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC) MAQUETA E IMPRIME: Printisur DEPÓSITO LEGAL: 7- PRESENTACIÓN Índice general 8- CONSORCIO PÚBLICO IAC 12- LOS OBSERVATORIOS DE CANARIAS 14- - Observatorio del Teide (OT) 15- - Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos (ORM) 16- COMISIÓN PARA LA ASIGNACIÓN DE TIEMPO (CAT) 20- ACUERDOS 22- GRAN TELESCOPIO CANARIAS (GTC) 26- ÁREA DE INVESTIGACIÓN 29- - Estructura del Universo y Cosmología 47- - El Universo Local 80- - Física de las estrellas, Sistemas Planetarios y Medio Interestelar 107- - El Sol y el Sistema Solar 137- - Instrumentación y Espacio 161- - Otros 174- ÁREA DE INSTRUMENTACIÓN 174- - Ingeniería 188- - Producción 192- - Oficina de Proyectos Institucionales y Transferencia de Resultados de Investigación (OTRI) 201- ÁREA DE ENSEÑANZA 201- - Cursos de doctorado 203- - Seminarios científicos 207- - Coloquios 207- - Becas 209- - Tesis doctorales 209- - XXIV Escuela de Invierno: ”Aplicaciones astrofísicas de las lentes gravitatorias” 211- ADMINISTRACIÓN DE SERVICIOS GENERALES 211- - Instituto de Astrofísica 213- - Oficina Técnica para la Protección de la Calidad del Cielo (OTPC) 216- - Observatorio del Teide 216- - Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos 217- - Centro de Astrofísica de la Palma 218- - Ejecución del Presupuesto 2013 219- GABINETE DE DIRECCIÓN 219- - Ediciones 220- - Carteles 220- - Comunicación y divulgación 232- - Web 234- - Visitas a las instalaciones del IAC 237- -
Detection of a Type Iin Supernova in Optical Follow-Up Observations of Icecube Neutrino Events Magellan Workshop, 17–18 March 2016, DESY Hamburg
Detection of a Type IIn Supernova in Optical Follow-Up Observations of IceCube Neutrino Events Magellan Workshop, 17{18 March 2016, DESY Hamburg Markus Voge, Nora Linn Strotjohann, Alexander Stasik 17 March 2016 Target: transient sources (< 100 s • neutrino burst): GRBs (Waxman & Bahcall 1997, Murase • & Nagataki 2006) SNe with jets (Razzaque, Meszaros, • Waxman 2005) More exotic phenomena? E.g. Fast • Radio Bursts (FRBs)? (Falcke & Rezzolla 2013) Online Neutrino Analysis Automatic search for interesting IceCube neutrino events • Realtime alerts sent to follow-up instruments • Multi-messenger: Combination with other data fruitful • Follow-up ensures access to data • 2 / 15 Online Neutrino Analysis Automatic search for interesting IceCube neutrino events • Realtime alerts sent to follow-up instruments • Multi-messenger: Combination with other data fruitful • Follow-up ensures access to data • Target: transient sources (< 100 s • neutrino burst): GRBs (Waxman & Bahcall 1997, Murase • & Nagataki 2006) SNe with jets (Razzaque, Meszaros, • Waxman 2005) More exotic phenomena? E.g. Fast • Radio Bursts (FRBs)? (Falcke & Rezzolla 2013) 2 / 15 The OFU and XFU system SN/GRB PTF (optical) Swift (X-ray) Alerts Alerts Madison/Bonn Iridium IceCube arXiv: 1309.6979 (p.40) 3 / 15 Online analysis scheme neutrino purity At least 8 coincident Trigger Level 0:0001% hits 2000 Hz ∼ Basic muon event se- Level 1 35 Hz 0:01% lection (tracks only) ∼ Up-going tracks Level 2 2 Hz 0:1% ∼ Neutrino selection OFU Level 3 mHz 90% (BDT) ∼ Neutrino multiplet ( 2ν): ≥ Time -
Monte Carlo Simulations of GRB Afterglows
ABSTRACT WARREN III, DONALD CAMERON. Monte Carlo Simulations of Efficient Shock Acceleration during the Afterglow Phase of Gamma-Ray Bursts. (Under the direction of Donald Ellison.) Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) signal the violent death of massive stars, and are the brightest ex- plosions in the Universe since the Big Bang itself. Their afterglows are relics of the phenomenal amounts of energy released in the blast, and are visible from radio to X-ray wavelengths up to years after the event. The relativistic jet that is responsible for the GRB drives a strong shock into the circumburst medium that gives rise to the afterglow. The afterglows are thus intimately related to the GRB and its mechanism of origin, so studying the afterglow can offer a great deal of insight into the physics of these extraordinary objects. Afterglows are studied using their photon emission, which cannot be understood without a model for how they generate cosmic rays (CRs)—subatomic particles at energies much higher than the local plasma temperature. The current leading mechanism for converting the bulk energy of shock fronts into energetic particles is diffusive shock acceleration (DSA), in which charged particles gain energy by randomly scattering back and forth across the shock many times. DSA is well-understood in the non-relativistic case—where the shock speed is much lower than the speed of light—and thoroughly-studied (but with greater difficulty) in the relativistic case. At both limits of speed, DSA can be extremely efficient, placing significant amounts of energy into CRs. This must, in turn, affect the structure of the shock, as the presence of the CRs upstream of the shock acts to modify the incoming plasma flow. -
The Discovery of Frbs
Credit: Swinburne in Fast Radio Burst detection detection Burst FastRadio in Strategic uses of single dishes (and GB) (and singledishes uses of Strategic DuncanLorimer, Dept. Physics and of Astronomy, WestVirginia University FRB lowdown • 21 published so far • Flux > 0.5 Jy @ 1.4 GHz • Pulse widths > few ms • Highly dispersed • Weakly scattered • One FRB so far repeats! • Few arcmin localization • One counterpart so far • ~few x 1000/day/sky Credit: Thornton et al. (2013) What might FRBs probe? • New/exciting physics • Cosmological NS census? • Non-stellar origin? • Fundamental tests? • The intergalactic medium • Electron content → missing baryons? • Magnetic field || to line of sight • Cosmology • Rulers • DM halos, DM/DE parameterization Single-pulse search pipeline DM Cordes & McLaughlin (2003) Credit: Spitler et al. (2014) 2014: FRB 121102 at Arecibo at FRB 121102 2014: Credit: Masui et al. (2015) 2015: FRB 110523 at GBT at FRB 110523 2015: • More “theories” than bursts! • Colliding compact objects (e.g. NS-NS) • Supernovae • Collapsing NS → BH (blitzar) • Black hole absorbing NSs • Giant pulses from pulsars/magnetars • Neutron star – asteroid belt interaction • More exotic (strange) star interactions • Galactic Flare Stars • Light sails from ET • Dark matter • Cosmic strings • White holes No! Maybe? No! → → → or maybesomethingor else? … … 2016: FRB 121102 repeats! 121102 FRB 2016: Credit: Spitler et al. and Scholz et al. (2016) 2017: FRB 121102 localized! Credit: NRAO Credit: Chatterjee et al. (2017) z = 0.19 (2.3 billion yr) We -
Search for Neutrino Emission from Fast Radio Bursts with Icecube
Search for Neutrino Emission from Fast Radio Bursts with IceCube Donglian Xu Samuel Fahey, Justin Vandenbroucke and Ali Kheirandish for the IceCube Collaboration TeV Particle Astrophysics (TeVPA) 2017 August 7 - 11, 2017 | Columbus, Ohio Fast Radio Bursts - Discovery in 2007 2 e2 Lorimer et al.,Science 318 (5851): 777-780 2 ∆tdelay = 3 DM w− 2⇡mec · · 24 2 =1.5 10− s DM w− ⇥ · · 3 DM = n dl = 375 1cm− pc e ± Z “very compact” SMC J0045−7042 (70) J0111−7131 (76) J0113−7220 (125) “extragalactic”? J0045−7319 (105) J0131−7310 (205) Figure 2: Frequency evolution and integrated pulse shape of!the radio burst.4 The.8 survey0.4 data, collected on 2001δ Augusttwidth 24, are=4 shown. here6 ms as a two-dimensio ( nal ‘waterfall)− plot’± of intensity as a function of radio frequency versus time. The dispersion1.4GHzis clearly seen as a quadratic sweep across the frequency band, with broadening towards lower frequencies. From a measurement of the pulse delay across the receiver band using standard pulsar timing techniques, we determine the DM to be 375 dtI1 cm−3!pc. The two150 white lines50Jy separated byms 15 ms @ that 1 bound.4 GHz the pulse show the expected behavior± for the' cold-plasma dispersion± law assuming a DM of 375 cm−3 pc. The horizontal line at 1.34 GHz is an artifact in the data caused by a malfunctioning frequency Z ∼ channel. This plot is for one of the offset beams in which the digitizers were not saturated. By splitting the data into four frequency sub-bands we have measured both the half-power Galactic DM: pulse width• andA fluxtotal density spectrumof ~ over23 the observingFRBs bandwidth. -
Neutron Star Collapse Times, Gamma-Ray Bursts and Fast Radio Bursts
MNRAS 441, 2433–2439 (2014) doi:10.1093/mnras/stu720 The birth of black holes: neutron star collapse times, gamma-ray bursts and fast radio bursts ‹ Vikram Ravi1,2 and Paul D. Lasky1 Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/mnras/article-abstract/441/3/2433/1126394 by California Institute of Technology user on 24 June 2019 1School of Physics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia 2CSIRO Astronomy and Space Science, Australia Telescope National Facility, PO Box 76, Epping, NSW 1710, Australia Accepted 2014 April 8. Received 2014 April 7; in original form 2013 November 29 ABSTRACT Recent observations of short gamma-ray bursts (SGRBs) suggest that binary neutron star (NS) mergers can create highly magnetized, millisecond NSs. Sharp cut-offs in X-ray afterglow plateaus of some SGRBs hint at the gravitational collapse of these remnant NSs to black holes. The collapse of such ‘supramassive’ NSs also describes the blitzar model, a leading candidate for the progenitors of fast radio bursts (FRBs). The observation of an FRB associated with an SGRB would provide compelling evidence for the blitzar model and the binary NS merger scenario of SGRBs, and lead to interesting constraints on the NS equation of state. We predict the collapse times of supramassive NSs created in binary NS mergers, finding that such stars collapse ∼10–4.4 × 104 s (95 per cent confidence) after the merger. This directly impacts observations targeting NS remnants of binary NS mergers, providing the optimal window for high time resolution radio and X-ray follow-up of SGRBs and gravitational wave bursts. -
National Aeronautics and Space Administration Th Ixae Mpacs Ixae Th I
National Aeronautics and Space Administration S pacM e aIX th i This collection of activities is based on a weekly series of space science problems distributed to thousands of teachers during the 2012- 2013 school year. They were intended for students looking for additional challenges in the math and physical science curriculum in grades 5 through 12. The problems were created to be authentic glimpses of modern science and engineering issues, often involving actual research data. The problems were designed to be ‘one-pagers’ with a Teacher’s Guide and Answer Key as a second page. This compact form was deemed very popular by participating teachers. For more weekly classroom activities about astronomy and space visit the NASA website, http://spacemath.gsfc.nasa.gov Add your email address to our mailing list by contacting Dr. Sten Odenwald at [email protected] Front and back cover credits: Front) Grail Gravity Map of the Moon -Grail NASA/ARC/MIT; Dawn Chorus - RBSP/APL/NASA; Erupting Prominence - SDO/NASA; Location of Curiosity - Curiosity/JPL./NASA; Chelyabinsk Meteor - WWW; LL Pegasi Spiral - NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope. Back) U Camalopardalis (Courtesy ESA/Hubble, NASA and H. Olofsson (Onsala Space Observatory) Interior Illustrations: All images are courtesy NASA and specific missions as stated on each page, except for the following: 20) Chelyabinsk Meteor and classroom (chelyabinsk.ru); 32) diffraction figure (Wikipedia); 39) Planet accretion (Alan Brandon, Nature magazine, May 2011); 44) Beatrix Mine (J.D. Myers, University of Wyoming); 53) Mars interior (Uncredited ,TopNews.in); 89) Earth Atmosphere (NOAA); 90, 91) Lonely Cloud (Henriette, The Cloud Appreciation Society, 2005); 101, 103) House covered in snow (The Author); This booklet was created through an education grant NNH06ZDA001N- EPO from NASA's Science Mission Directorate. -
81 EMBARGOED UNTILLTHURSDAY JULY 4 20:00 CET Nijmegen, July 2, 2013 Farewell Greeting from a Dying Star
PB 2012 - 81 EMBARGOED UNTILLTHURSDAY JULY 4 20:00 CET Nijmegen, July 2, 2013 Farewell greeting from a dying star – Scientists suggest explanation for mysterious radio flashes Mysterious bright radio flashes that appear for only a brief moment on the sky and do not repeat could be the final farewell greetings of a massive star collapsing into a black hole, astronomers from Nijmegen and Potsdam argue. Radio telescopes have picked up some bright radio flashes that appear for only a brief moment on the sky and do not repeat. Scientists have since wondered what causes these unusual radio signals. An article in this week’s issue of ‘Science’ suggests that the source of the flashes lies deep in the early cosmos, and that the short radio burst are extremely bright. However, the question of which cosmic event could produce such a bright radio emission in such a short time remained unanswered. The astrophysicists Heino Falcke from Radboud University Nijmegen and Luciano Rezzolla from the Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics in Potsdam provide a solution for the riddle. They propose that the radio bursts could be the final farewell greetings of a supramassive rotating neutron star collapsing into a black hole. Spinning star withstands collapse Neutron stars are the ultra-dense remains of a star that has undergone a supernova explosion. They are the size of a small city but have up to two times the mass of our Sun. However, there is an upper limit on how massive neutron stars can become. If they are formed above a critical mass of more than two solar masses, they are expected to collapse immediately into a black hole. -
Fast Radio Bursts
UvA-DARE (Digital Academic Repository) Fast radio bursts Petroff, E.; Hessels, J.W.T.; Lorimer, D.R. DOI 10.1007/s00159-019-0116-6 Publication date 2019 Document Version Final published version Published in Astronomy and Astrophysics Review License CC BY Link to publication Citation for published version (APA): Petroff, E., Hessels, J. W. T., & Lorimer, D. R. (2019). Fast radio bursts. Astronomy and Astrophysics Review, 27(1), [4]. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00159-019-0116-6 General rights It is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), other than for strictly personal, individual use, unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons). Disclaimer/Complaints regulations If you believe that digital publication of certain material infringes any of your rights or (privacy) interests, please let the Library know, stating your reasons. In case of a legitimate complaint, the Library will make the material inaccessible and/or remove it from the website. Please Ask the Library: https://uba.uva.nl/en/contact, or a letter to: Library of the University of Amsterdam, Secretariat, Singel 425, 1012 WP Amsterdam, The Netherlands. You will be contacted as soon as possible. UvA-DARE is a service provided by the library of the University of Amsterdam (https://dare.uva.nl) Download date:03 Oct 2021 The Astronomy and Astrophysics Review (2019) 27:4 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00159-019-0116-6 REVIEW ARTICLE Fast radio bursts E. Petroff1,2 · J.