Impacts of Bullying on Carrie in Stephen King's

IMPACTS OF BULLYING ON CARRIE IN STEPHEN KING’S ‘CARRIE’

THESIS

AULIA MEILISA SITORUS

REG. NO. 160721022

DEPARTEMENT OF ENGLISH

FACULTY CULTURAL STUDIES

UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA

MEDAN 2018

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AUTHOR’S DECLARATION

I, AULIA MEILISA SITORUS, DECLARE THAT I AM THE SOLE AUTHOR OF THIS THESIS EXCEPT WHERE REFERENCE IS MADE IN THE TEXT OF THIS THESIS. THIS THESIS CONTAINS NO MATERIAL PUBLISHED ELSEWHERE OR EXTRACED IN WHOLE OR IN PART FROM A THESIS BY WHICH I HAVE QUALIFIED FOR OR AWARDED ANOTHER DEGREE. NO OTHER PERSON’S WORK HAS BEEN USED WITHOUT DUE ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS IN THE MAIN TEXT OF THIS THESIS. THIS THESIS HAS NOT BEEN SUBMITTED FOR THE AWARD OF ANOTHER DEGREE IN ANY TERTIARY EDUCATION.

Signed: Date: August 2, 2018

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NAME : AULIA MEILISA SITORUS

TITLE OF THESIS : IMPACTS OF BULLYING ON CARRIE IN

STEPHEN KING’S ‘CARRIE’

QUALIFICATION : S- 1/SARJANA SASTRA

DEPARTMENT : ENGLISH

I AM WILLING THAT MY THESIS SHOULD BE AVAILABLE FOR REPRODUCTION AT THE DISCRETION OF THE LIBRARIAN OF DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH, FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA ON THE UNDERSTANDING THAT USERS ARE MADE AWARE OF THEIR OBLIGATION UNDER THE LAW OF THE REPUBLIC INDONESIA.

Signed :

Date : August 2, 2018

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

First of all, all honors and worship just for Almighty God, Allah (SWT) for his blessing and giving me health, strength and capability to accomplish this thesis. I would like to express my sincere gratitude and special to my supervisor Dr. Siti Norma Nasution, M.Hum. and my co-supervisor Dian Marisha Putri, S.S., M.Si. for their suggestion, advice, times, and patience in making correction to this thesis. I would like to thank Prof. T Silvana Sinar, M.A., PhD as the Head of Department of English, Rahmadsyah Rangkuti, M.A., Ph.D as the Secretary of Department of English, the Dean of Faculty of Cultural Studies, University of Sumatera Utara Dr. Drs. Budi Agustono, M.S and all lecturers of Department of English for all opportunities, valuable knowledges, advice, and facilities during my academic as well as Drs. Ponisan and Mr. Sukirno (Bang Kibot) for all your helps. May God bless you. For beloved parents, Damhuri Sitorus and Siti Dahlia Harahap. I deeply thank you for your endless loves, supports, advices and prayers for me. My love and thanks should also go to my beloved siblings Dina Wiradani Sitorus my beloved young brother Dedi Faddarisa Sitorus, Arif Azhari Sitorus and Muhammad Mustofa Mashur Sitorus. I do love you all. Finally, I do realize that this thesis is still far from being perfect. Therefore, I welcome any constructive critics and suggestions towards this paper.

Medan, August2, 2018

The Writer,

AuliaMeilisaSitorus

Reg. No. 160721022

iii

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ABSTRACT

Thesis entitled Impacts of Bullying on Carrie in Stephen King's Carrie.The writer has selected Carrie Stephen King's novel as the subject of this thesis because bullying includes social issues in this case that must be over by society, school environment and parents; then of this novel bring the writer to analyze types of bullying are experienced by Carrie and the impacts of bullying on Carrie. The purpose of this study was to determine the type of bullying and the effects of bullying. in completing the analysis, the author uses a qualitative descriptive method because all data is delivered in the form of words and sentences. The author uses data from various sources including Carrie's novel by Stephen King, books, articles and internet related to support analysis. Based on the results of the analysis it can be concluded that this novel shows Carrie getting verbal, physical and social violence from her family and school environment and it can have an impact that makes Carrie take revenge on those who intimidated her. Carrie takes revenge by killing one of them including her own mother. Carrie uses her telekinesis power to kill them. Eventually Carrie realized and regretted her actions for killing them.

Keywords :Bullying, Impact, Telekinesis.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

AUTHOR’S DECLARATION ...... i

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ...... iii

ABSTRACT ...... iv

ABSTRAK ...... v

TABLE OF CONTENTS ...... vi

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION ...... 1

1.1 Background of the Study ...... 1

1.2 Problem of the Study ...... 4

1.3 Objectives of the Study ...... 5

1.4 Scope of the Study ...... 5

1.5 Significances of the Study ...... 5

CHAPTER II REVIEW OF LITERATURE ...... 6

2.1 Definition of Sociology of Literature ...... 6

2.2Definition of Nature of Juvenile Delinquency ...... 8

2.3 Definition of Novel ...... 10

2.4 Definition of The Character ...... 11

2.5 Definition of Violence...... 14

2.6 Definition of Telekinesis ...... 15

2.7 Definition of Bullying ...... 15

2.8 Definition Impact of Bullying ...... 17

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CHAPTER III METHOD OF RESEARCH...... 19

3.1 Research Design ...... 19

3.2 Data and Data Source ...... 19

3.3 Collecting Data Technique ...... 20

3.4 Data Analysis ...... 20

CHAPTER IV ANALYSIS AND FINDING...... 22

4.1 Analysis ...... 22

4.2 Finding ...... 34

CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ...... 39

5.1 Conclusion...... 39

5.2 Suggestion ...... 39

REFERENCES ...... 40

APPENDIX

vii

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CHAPTER I

INRODUCTION

1.1 Background of The Study

Human beings as one of the three alive-creatures besides animal and plant have a particular ability, which makes they so special, that dominates the others.

They are able to adapt, to survive and to analyze the universe phenomenon, which make their quality of life better since the past. They have the whole ability because God has granted them brain. Their curiosities are so great that they learn more and more. Besides, something that makes them more special than the others is they know the way to express their feeling, thought, and emotion. Something to provide “a place” for all of the people‟s expression is literature.

Wolff Frank (1994:3) literary sociology is defined as discipline knowledge that composed of a number of empirical studies and experiments on more general theories. Each of the theory has similarities in common that it all deals with literary relationship with society.

Pedoman Penelitian Sosiologi Sastra Darmono (2002). Talks about the social and environment aspect, called the sociology of literature. The important factors that should be considered in analyzing the sociology of literature are the writers, the literary works itself, and the readers. Nowadays, the sociological approach that is most done by the researcher is paying attention to the aspect of literature.

Carrie is a novel that was published on April 1974 by Stephen King.

Carrie is the first novel was published by Stephen king. Carrie is an American epistolary novel. Carrie novel is the horror genre. The first adaption of Carrie was

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a feature film of the same name, released in 1976. In 2013, Re-adaptation film also with the same name was released . Most people in all over the world have read it or seen in the cinema. The novel Carrie White is sixteen years old. She is fat, short and also has pimples on her neck and her back. Carrie is always a subject of bullying from her classmates because of her weirdness, careless, and ugliness. Carrie has no friend, no one of her classmates want to be her friend. Her classmates are always bully her, although being bullied but Carrie is never angry.

She is just quiescent with her head bowed, aware that joke point to her. Carrie‟s classmates are despised her and they think that she is disgusted, so they call her

“pig poop”. Whatever she does, she always becomes the laughing stock of them, moreover, every spoken word by Carrie always feels funny of them. Of course, no one of them knows she has telekinesis ability.

“... Billy Preston putting peanut butter in her hair that time she fell asleep in study hall; the pinches, the legs out stretched in school aisles to trip her up. Carrie always missing the ball, even in kickball, falling on her face in Modern Dance during their sophomore year and chipping a tooth, running into the net during volleyball; wearing stockings that were always run, running, or about to run, always showing sweat stains under the arms of her blouses”. (King, 1974:10)

Carrie realizes that she has the ability of telekinesis when Carrie becomes a teenager. She realizes it because when she is angry, confuse, and scared there will be a strange things happening, such as extinguishlightbulb, broken windows, and so on. Telekinesis is the ability to move objects or changes the shape in objects with mind power, such as, lock the doors, turn off the lights, lift the sofa and moves whatever she wants if she focuses her mind on the object.Tells of a shy teenager named Carrie who has always been the subject of ridicule of his classmates. At school life, Carrie has been a social outcast since first grade. Carrie

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attended high school fiction in the town of Chamberlain, Maine. While in the bath after a gym class, she had his first menstrual period. Carrie, who knows nothing about menstruation, fears and thinks she is bleeding to death. Instead of being sympathetic, Carrie's classmates mock her and throw tampons and pads at her.

Juvenile delinquency, or offending, can be separated into three categories:

 delinquency, crimes committed by minors, which are dealt with by

the juvenile courts and justice system;

 criminal behavior, crimes dealt with by the criminal justice system;

 status offenses, offenses that are only classified as such because one is a

minor, such as truancy, also dealt with by the juvenile courts.

According to the developmental research of Moffitt (2006), there are two different types of offenders that emerge in adolescence. One is the repeat offender, referred to as the life-course-persistent offender, who begins offending or showing antisocial/aggressive behavior in adolescence (or even in childhood) and continues into adulthood; and the age specific offender, referred to as the adolescence-limited offender, for whom juvenile offending or delinquency begins and ends during their period of adolescence. Because most teenagers tend to show some form of antisocial or delinquent behavior during adolescence, it is important to account for these behaviors in childhood in order to determine whether they will be life-course-persistent offenders or adolescence limited offenders. Although adolescence-limited offenders tend to drop all criminal activity once they enter adulthood and show less pathology than life-course-persistent offenders, they still show more mental health, substance abuse, and financial problems, both in adolescence and adulthood, than those who were never delinquent.

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Smith (2002) say, “Bullying is unwanted, aggressive behavior among school aged children that involves a real or perceived power imbalance. The behavior is repeated, or has the potential to be repeated, over time. Both kids who are bullied and who bully others may have serious, lasting problems”.

Nietzsche (2009) say, “Violence is a manifestation of a universal will to power and denounced attempts to moralize or hold individuals responsible for acts of violence.

The writer has selected Carrie Stephen King's novel as the subject of this thesis because bullying includes social issues in this case that must be over by society, school environment and parents; then of this novel bring the writer to analyze types of bullying are experienced by Carrie and the impacts of bullying on Carrie.

1.2 Problems of The Study

Problem of study is very important for systemic step, because without problem, the writer will not know of what is being analyzed. Based on the background of the study, the writer found some problems that will be analyzed in this proposal:

1. What types of bullying are experienced by Carrie?

2. What are the impacts of bullying on Carrie?

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1.3 Objective of The Study

After looking for the problem of the study, the writer determines the following objectives:

1. To find out the types of bullying are experienced by Carrie.

2. To find out the impacts of bullying on Carrie.

1.4 Scope of The Study

Based on the problem, the scope of the study is the types of bullyingare experienced by Carrie and the impacts of bullying on Carrie. Bullying is a reaction of bad attitude to kill. The writer make the limits of discussion to ensure social issues in this thesis.

1.5 Significance of The Study

The analysis of this thesis in the novel Carrie provides some important points, they are:

1. Theoretically the significance of the study is to enrich the understanding

about bullying thought work at art that is word.

2. Practically, The thesis can be used as reference particularly about bullying.

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CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

In this chapter, thewriter discusses several items regarding with the analysis, such as: The meaning and kinds of Sociology of literature, Nature of juvenile delinquency, Novel, Main Character, Violence, Telekinesisand Bullying.

2.1 Definition of Sociology of Literature

Sociology is the branch of the social science. It is an effort to use systematic methods of empirical investigation and critical analysis to develop a body of knowledge about human societies and human social activity.

The sociology of literature comes from two words, they are sociology and literature. The word “sociology” comes from the Latin word “Socious” and

“logos”. Socious means together, unity and friends, whereas “logos” means words and knowledge. So sociology is the study of origins and evolution of society; the knowledge that study about the whole relationship. In encyclopedia American

(2004) it is said that sociology is the scientific study of the social behavior of human beings, or put differently, the study of human groups.

Actually, both sociology and literature have the same object, which is human being. However, the essence of sociology and literature is very different.

Sociology is the objective knowledge. It limits to what happen in recent times.

But literature is evaluative, subjective and imaginative.

In her book, Paradigma Sosiologi Sastra, Ratna (2002:2) states that there are some definitions of sociology of literature that needs to be considered in order to find out the objectivities of relationship between literary works and society, they are :

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1. The understanding toward the literary works by considering the social

aspects.

2. The understanding toward the literary works and its relationship with

society as the background of a literary work.

3. The sociology of literature is dialectic relationship between literature and

society.

4. The sociology of literature tries to find out the quality of independency

between literature and society.

5. The analysis of toward the literary work by considering how far its role in

change the structure of society.

6. The analysis which is related to the advantage of work in promoting the

development of society.

7. The sociology of literature is the analysis of literature institutions.

8. The sociology of literature is direct relation between a literary works with

the society.

9. The sociology of literature is the positivistic that is the relationship

between literature and society. The understanding that relate with the

creative activity as the process socio-culture.

From some definition above, the definition of number 1 is the first

priority that represent the balances of both component, which is literature

and society.

Soekito (1990:1) states that the literary work reflects the society and the age, similarly put forward by Lewonthal and Lauren and Singewood (1972:16-

17)” literature as a mirror of value and feelings, will refer to the degree of change

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that occurs in different societies as well as the way individuals socialize themselves through social structure. The changes and the way individuals socialize will usually be the focus on the authors reflected through the text. The mirror is defined as the reflection of the social life that the author realizes real about the stated about the state of society through his work without to much in the imagination, so that the work became a witness of the times.

2.2 Definition of Nature of juvenile delinquency

Juvenile delinquents or children in conflict with law are only a small visible part of a larger problem. Children in conflict with law, who by virtue of the acts they commit, need custody of the legal process. The children in legal custody are a few representations of deviant antisocial behavior when compared with the large majority of children in society exhibiting conduct problems.

Understanding juvenile delinquency asks for the understanding of the nature of prevalence and manifestation of such child hood conduct problems or disorders.

This refers to an array of child, parent, family, contextual environmental conditions and interplay among them. Conduct disorders are a group of behavioral problems. They are commonly seen as a prolonged pattern of anti-social and aggressive behaviors that are either performed against others or activities done in defiance to major societal norms, or both. Apart from these core behaviors children with conduct problems may also display related issues like troubled

Mood, withdrawn behaviors, impulsive violent behaviors towards animals or others, exhibiting high risk behaviors of using substance, etc. Many of the children may have academic deficiencies, specific reading disorders, language delays, learning disability, problems in information processing and difficulties in

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problem solving skills. This can result in poor interpersonal relationships with others.

Individual factors mainly seen as causative factors are physical illness, sub-normal intelligence, bad company, adolescent instability and impulses, early sex experiences, alcohol and drug intoxication, mental conflicts, excessive social suggestibility and impressionability, Peer Pressure, love of adventure and sensation, rising standards of living and aspirations for the same, nonattendance of school, school dissatisfaction, poor recreation, increase of leisure time, street life and vocational dissatisfaction. Genetic loading and abnormalities due biochemical imbalance, and metabolites are also considered as potential causative factors .

These factors can lead the adolescent to aggression, rebelliousness, bitterness, distrustful, Obstinate, unconventional and non submissive behaviors to authority and even criminal acts. These problem behaviors are highly related to prevalence of delinquency. If these risk factors are appears earlier, there is also a higher risk for delinquency. Hyperactivity seen in children is also implicated with the onset of conduct problems. Conduct problems forms a major reason for referral for psychiatric evaluation of children and adolescents. Conduct issues peaks in early adolescence. In adolescence, boys exhibit more aggression, and girls tend to exhibit more covert crimes.

Juvenile delinquency is offenses that are done by young people, whether it is intentional or unconsciously by teenagers. It increases anxiety in adolescence, because of this, many young people fall into negative actions. World Youth

Report (2003:189) says, “Juvenile delinquency is criminal behaviors among

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young people, as they negotiate the transition from childhood to adulthood in an increasingly complex and confusing world.”

Juvenile delinquency is prevalent in any society. There are so many causes which enable the teenagers do the negative things or inappropriate from the rules that exist in society. In developing country such as Indonesia, delinquency can occur due to lack of attention from family, unfavorable environment, bad economy, lack of knowledge about social life and many more.

2.3 Definition of Novel

Coloroso (2003:44) says, “Novel is a long narrative prose that describe fictional characters and events in the form of a sequential story. A novel is a literary work has been appreciated by many people because it aims to entertains and teaches”. The genre has historical roots both in the fields of the medieval and early modern romance and in the tradition of the novel. The latter, an Italian word used to describe short stories, supplied the present generic English term in the

18th century. The first significant European novelist is Miguel de Cervantes, author of Don Quixote, the first part of which was published in 1605.

Shaw (1972:189) says, “A novel is lengthy fictitious narrative prose portraying character and presenting an organized series of events and settings.” It means that long or short of a work is often used as a distinguishing feature between short stories and novels. Novel an invented prose narrative of considerable length and a certain complexity that deals imaginatively with human experience, usually through a connected sequence of events involving a group of persons in a specific setting. Within its broad framework, the genre of the novel has encompassed an extensive range of types and styles: picaresque, epistolary,

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Gothic, romantic, realist, historical to name only some of the more important ones.

Britanika (2009:108) says, “The novel is a genre of fiction, and fiction may be defined as the art or craft of contriving, through the written word, representations of human life that instruct or divert or both. The various forms that fiction may take are best seen less as a number of separate categories than as a continuum or, more accurately, a cline, with some such brief form as the anecdote at one end of the scale and the longest conceivable novel at the other.

When any piece of fiction is long enough to constitute a whole book, as opposed to a mere part of a book, then it may be said to have achieved novel hood. But this state admits of its own quantitative categories, so that a relatively brief novel may be termed a novella (or, if the insubstantiality of the content matches its brevity, a novelette), and a very long novel may overflow the banks of a single volume and become a roman-flue, or river novel. Length is very much one of the dimensions of the genre. The intrinsic element which can attract the readers‟ interest to read the literary works, especially drama, is the reflection of conflict.

2.4 Definition of The Character

Character is the part of intrinsic element in the novel that is firstly explored by the writer because it takes essential role to display any behavior of each character in the novel. Referring to their degree of playing role in the novel, they can be grouped into two parts such as main and peripheral character.

According to Nurgiyantoro (2005: 176-177), main character is “Tokoh utama adalah tokoh yang diutamakan penceritaannya dalam novel yang bersangkutan. Ia merupakan tokoh yang paling banyak diceritakan, baik sebagai

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pelaku kejadian maupun yang dikenai kejadian.” Through quotation, it can be mentioned that main character is kind of character, which often shows up repeatedly as if it dominates every parts of the events in the novel. Regarding to the meaning of active-passive in doing something, both of them can act as a subject that has capability in doing something or as an object that suffers the impact from treatment done by the subject or circumstances. In the other words, a main character does not only act subject but also as object. This kind of character plays important role in the novel and it cannot be ignored. The main character of a story represents the audience‟s personal perspective into the story. Through this perspective, we the audiences get to experience what it would be like personally to experience the story‟s problems.

E. M. Forster, in his critical work aspects of the Novel that “there are two major types of character, they are: round character and flat character. Round characters are full complex and rich. The basic trait of round characters is that they recognize, change with or adjust to circumstances. Round character usually play a major figure in a story, so round character called the main character.

Usually profit from experience and undergoes a change or alteration, which may be shown in an action or actions, the realization of new strength and therefore the affirmation of previous decisions, the acceptance of a new conditions, or the discovery of unrecognized truths. Many main characters are anything but heroic, however and it is therefore preferable to use the more neutral word protagonist, the central to the action. Clausically protagonist derived from good will, however, this does not always have to be true.

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Because of the main character is most told in the story and always relate with the other characters, he or she is very determining the development of whole plot. He always present as figure that hit by incident or conflict. On the other hand, peripheral characters just support or complete the story. So, when we make a synopsis, we tell about main character, while peripheral characters usually ignored. Main character may or may not be the protagonist. At the end of every complete story, the main character will be faced with an important decision: either continues to solve problems the way he or she always has, or change their approach and attempt to solve the problem differently. If they maintain their approach they are said to be Steadfast. If they adopt a new paradigm, they are said to be Change. This central character is defined as change because during the moment of crisis, they usually drop their approach to solving the story‟s problems and adopt a new one. This change in no way guarantees a success.

Main character in the novel may more than one person, although the superiority degree not always same. For example in the novel Steal Away, found two main characters, Susannah and Bethlehem. These characters will be discussed in this thesis. And of course we may find many peripheral characters in the novel, for example Free, Mary, Uncle Reid, Aunt Reid, Fidelia, Byron, Mary‟s mother,

Mary‟s father, Lizer, Nahum, Anna Tuke, Given, Mrs. Tuke, and Dorothea Tuke, which also found in novel Steal Away as the source of this thesis.

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2.5 Definition of Violence

Dolan, M. C. (2010) say, “A typology of violence that, while not uniformly accepted, can be a useful way to understand the contexts in which violence occurs and the interactions between types of violence. This typology distinguishes four modes in which violence may be inflicted: physical; sexual; and psychological attack; and deprivation. It further divides the general definition of violence into three sub-types according to the victim-perpetrator relationship.

Self-directed violence refers to violence in which the perpetrator and the victim are the same individual and is subdivided into self-abuse and suicide.

Interpersonal violence refers to violence between individuals, and is subdivided into family and intimate partner violence and community violence. The former category includes child maltreatment; intimate partner violence; and elder abuse, while the latter is broken down into acquaintance and stranger violence and includes youth violence; assault by strangers; violence related to property crimes; and violence in workplaces and other institutions. Collective violence refers to violence committed by larger groups of individuals and can be subdivided into social, political and economic violence.

Violence is defined by the World Health Organization as "the intentional use of physical force or power, threatened or actual, against oneself, another person, or against a group or community, which either results in or has a high likelihood of resulting in injury, death, psychological harm, maldevelopment, or deprivation," although the group acknowledges that the inclusion of "the use of power" in its definition expands on the conventional understanding of the word.

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Violence in many forms is preventable. There is a strong relationship between levels of violence and modifiable factors such as concentrated poverty, income and gender inequality, the harmful use of alcohol, and the absence of safe, stable, and nurturing relationships between children and parents. Strategies addressing the underlying causes of violence can be effective in preventing violence.

2.6 Definition Telekinesis

Telekinesis, also called psychokinesis, is the ability to move objects with the mind. It is a psychic ability to manipulate physical objects without interacting physically with it. There is no solid evidence that the ability does exist. However, there is no true evidence fully disproving the ability. Many scientists and paranormal investigators have conducted tests, but most have come out inconclusive or have been challenged in some way.Telekinesis is divided into two different categories. Macro-PKare effects that the naked eye can see. Micro-PK effects items on such as small scale that scientists have to use statistics to detect the effects. An example of micro-PK is influencing a program or random number generator.

2.7 Definition of Bullying

Imbalance of Power: Kids who bully use their power such as physical strength,

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access to embarrassing information, or popularity to control or harm others.

Power imbalances can change over time and in different situations, even if they involve the same people. Bullying includes actions such as making threats, spreading rumors, attacking someone physically or verbally, and excluding someone from a group on purpose.

Smith (2002) says,there are three types of bullying:

Verbal bullying is saying or writing means things. Verbal bullying includes:

Teasing, Name calling, inappropriate sexual comments, Taunting, Threatening to cause harm

Social bullying, sometimes referred to as relational bullying, involves hurting someone‟s reputation or relationships. Social bullying includes: Leaving someone out on purpose telling other children not to be friends with someone, Spreading rumors about someone embarrassing someone in public.

Physical bullying involves hurting a person‟s body or possessions. Physical bullying includes: Hitting/kicking/pinching, Spitting, Tripping/pushing, Taking or breaking someone’s things, Making mean or rude hand gestures.

So, from several theories mentioned above, the writer says, Bullying is supposed to be a social harm for making someone lower than others. It is similar to let someone not to be a member of social living since she or he is regarded out of the circle. Therefore, the act of bullying has a negative impact on social interaction both as an individual and social creature. The portrait of Carrie is a good example to trace how bullying is a social disease. When social disease is uncontrollable the result will be blind revenge.

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2.8 Definition Impact of Bullying

King's College Longon research from 2015 shows themost important to remember that bullying is a barrier to learning, can seriously affect victim's mental health and can change the way they feel about themselves well into their adulthood. Research shows that the long term impact of bullying on a victim greatly increases if the bullying continues over a long period of time.

Short-term impact

King's College Longon research from 2015 shows the substantial short- term effect of being bullied (Children and young people who have experienced bullying) are more likely to:

 Face barriers to learning

 Miss school (Natcen research below found that at any one time over

16,000 young people aged 11-15 are missing education primarily due to

bullying)

 Be excluded (LSYPE research below found that children that were bullied

daily were 3 times more likely to be excluded from school than those that

were not bullied)

 Retaliate

 Place strain on families/careers

 Self-harm and experience depression

 Have impaired wellbeing

Long-term impact

King's College Longon research from 2015 shows the substantial long-

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term effect of being bullied (especially if they fall into a „frequently bullied‟ category) where people were more likely to:

 experience a range mental health issues as an adult including suicide

ideation

 earn less money

 not be in employment, education or training into adulthood

 be obese (particularly in women)

 gain qualifications

 be in stable relationships

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CHAPTER III

METHOD OF RESEARCH

The source of the data is from Carrie novel. The writer use library research by reading and studying some books that are related to the topic and make them as the references in this thesis, which will be discussed later. The writer also browses data from the internet to get more information.

In this chapter, there are several parts including research design, the source of data, data collecting and data analyzing.

3.1 Research Design

The research design refers to the overall strategy that you choose to integrate the different components of the study in a coherent and logical way, thereby, ensuring you will effectively address the research problem; it constitutes the blueprint for the collection, measurement, and analysis of data. Note that your research problem determines the type of design you should use, not the other way around. (William. M. K. Trochim, 2006).

The technique is used in this thesis is library research and qualitative method is an analysis of the collected documents or materials that will be developed as a source of data information this research conducted in the library collecting data related to the topic which will be analyzed in this thesis.

3.2 Data and Data Source

The source of data of this research is collected from the novel entitled

Impacts of bullying on Carrie in Stephen King‟s Carrie. The data is taken from words, phrase, sentences, actions, and dialogue between characters or some quotations that related to types of bullying and impacts of bullying in Carrie by

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Stephen King. The other data source are other reference books in the library, the journal in the internet, the thesis used by the researcher to support the subject of research.

3.3 Collecting Data Technique

Collecting data is “a method of obtaining materials, information‟s, facts and reliable information‟s.(Basrowi and Suwandi, 2007:98)”. In collecting data the writer uses documentation by reading the novel and the books that are relevant to the topic, the writer selects some data which describe types of bullying and impacts of bullying from the novel, then the data are interpreted.

There are some techniques for the writer in data collection stage. Firs, the writer should do a comprehensive reading to novel. Reading repeatedly is important way to understand the novel. By reading the novel, the writer will find the significant materials from the novel related the topic. Second, the writer uses to selects the materials from the novel related to the violences experienced and write the page of the data make it easy in finding the data. Third, the writer continues to sort the data based on the theory to be classified data. The writer choose the data followed the problem of the study that will be examined.

3.4 Data Analysis

In analyzing the topic, the writer uses descriptive qualitative method.

According to Taylor and Bodgan (1989:3) say, “Research is a research process that produces descriptive data in the form of words written or spoken from the people and observed behavior.” This method is used to outline and describe the symptoms found in the research object. Based on the method that have been chosen, then the results of this study will be a qualitative descriptive, it means that

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the data only obtained in the words form not as numbers. So that, this analysis uses descriptive method in qualitative technique with extrinsic approach.

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CHAPTER IV

ANALYSIS AND FINDING

4.1 Analysis

The writer focuses on analyzing bullying type using Smith (2002) theory.

In theory there are three types of bullying that is verbal bullying, social bullying and physical bullying.

4.1.1 Verbal Bullying in Carrie

Many victims of verbal bullying are affected in very real ways. Verbal bullying can affect one‟s self image, and affect someone in emotional and psychological ways. This type of bullying can lead to low self-esteem, as well as depression and other problems. It can aggravate problems that a victim may already be experiencing at home or in other places. In some cases, verbal bullying can reach a point where the victim is so depressed, and wants to escape so badly, that he or she may turn to substance abuse or – in some extreme cases – suicide.

In the end, words have a power all their own, and the realities of verbal bullying can have very physical consequences, even if the aggressor never lays a finger on the victim.

Verbal bullying can be hard for teachers and other authority figures to detect, since no physical harm takes place. The paremts should be aware of what is going on in your child‟s life, and be a place that he or she can turn if verbal bullying is taking place. Some signs that your child might be a victim of insults from verbal bullies include reluctance to go to school, complaints that no one likes him or her, prolonged depression, a drop in school performance or drastic changes in eating and sleeping patterns.

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In the end, it is quite difficult to stop verbal bullying. However, you can set a good example for your children by speaking kindly of others, and not resorting to rudeness yourself. This is quite important, since many verbal bullies first learn to dominate others with words by listening to their parents, and how they interact with others. In this case, the problem that the writer discuss and analyze is about types of bullying experienced by Carrie used definition by Smith

(2002). We can see it from the novel.

“Miss Desjardin, their slim, no breasted gym teacher, stepped in, craned her neck around briefly, and slapped her hands together once, smartly. “What are you waiting for, Carrie? Doom? Bell in five minutes. The girls giggled and Carrie looked up, her eyes and dazed from the heat and the steady, pounding roar of the water.”Ohuh?”. (King, 1974:5-6)

From the quotation, we can see Miss Desjardin told the girls that they did a horrible thing to Carrie the other day and she would not stand for that. The girls got one week detention and if they miss any of it, they would have their prom tickets revoked. Chris Hargensen rebelled against it and persuaded the others to do the same. The other girls, even Sue, stayed quiet. Chris felt betrayed and walked out from there. According to Chris, that was all Carrie‟s fault. Meanwhile at home, Carrie had been practicing to lift things with her mind and she was getting better at it.

“She just looked so dumb, standing there, not knowing what was going on. God, you'd think shenever“PERiod!” (King,1974:13)

The quotation, lack of opportunities for children to explore freely due to excessive restraint from parents will obstruct the process of thinking. Carrie is a girl who has a narrow insight. It means that she is easily to believe with anything that her friends said. However, she is also easily to be tricked.

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“Sue felt welling disgust as the first dark drops of menstrual blood struck the tile in dime-sized drops. “For God‟s Sake, Carrie, you got your period!” she cried. “Clean yourself up!” “Ohuh?”“You‟re bleeding!” Sue yelled suddenly, furiously. “You‟re bleeding, You big dumb pudding!”. (King, 1974:8)

The quotation when Carrie has her first period, this happens right after she finishes her shower at that same day. Not having a clue of what a menstruation is makes Carrie dumbfounded when sees blood running down her legs. The girls in the locker room, including Chris Hargensen and Sue Snell, starts to circle her and laughs at her. “I‟m sure she‟ll be alright,” she said. “ Carrie only has to go over to Carlin Street. The fresh air will do her good. Morton gave the girl the yellow slip. “You can go now, Cassie,” he said magnanimously. (King, 1974:19)

This situation Carrie doesn‟t like being called Cassie, because by calling the name Carrie feels insulted and his like calling the name of on animal that doesn‟t have any sense at all.

you SUCK!” she screamed. Momma hissed like a burned cat. (King, 1974:66)

The quotation, She turns out that not only verbally abuses little Carrie, but she also abuses her physically. She does not only throttle Carrie, but she even almost makes an attempt to cut out Carrie‟s eyes with a butcher knife only because she has seen “that naked wickedness.”

Following the abuse, little Carrie feels a foreign power she has never known she possesses. That is the moment where she makes the rain of stones and ice chunks falling onto the house.

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“Devil‟s child,” she moaned.“Devil‟s child, Satan spawn-“. (King, 1974:115)

From the quotation, we can see it Carrie is Devil‟s child by her mother

And Carrie doesn‟t not accept the words of her mother. Carrie thinks she will reply to all his words in the future. However a child will still be the child of a mother. Her mother should not deserve to say that because the words are so harshly heard.

“Son of a whore,” he said. “Those trucks are from Brunswick.” “Brunswick?” Chris said. “That‟s forty miles away. That can‟t be . . .” Billy Turned back to Jackie Talbot.“All right.” (King, 1974:257)

This situation the author seen that Carrie of a child born of the sin of his mother who had committed adultery with her husband. Billy went over and looked out. The entire eastern horizon had gone crimson, and the sky was alight with it. Even as he looked, three fire trucks screamed by. He could make out the names on them in the glow of the street light that marked The Cavalier‟s parking lot.

4.1.2 Physical Bullying in Carrie

Physical bullying is a serious problem, affecting not only the bully and the victim, but also the other students who witness the bullying. Parents, teachers, and other concerned adults and young people should be aware of what physical bullying is and some of the ways to handle it.

Physical bullying can be anything from hitting, pushing, kicking, spitting, and even stealing. Most of this type of bullying occurs in and around schools.

Physical bullying can start at any age, although it is most common around the middle school age. Males are more likely to be involved with bullying than girls.

However, girls can be involved with bullying too. Usually when a person wants

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more control of another person, he or she gains that control by becoming a bully.

The physical bullying in the novel already can be seen since the very beginning of the story.

“A tampon suddenly struck her in the chest and fell with a plop at her feet and the girls were bombarding her with tampons and sanitary napkins, some from purses, some from the broken dispenser on the wall. They flew like snow and the chant became. “plug it up, plug it up, plug it up, plug it-“ (King, 1974:9)

In the quotation above, the girls do a horrible thing at Carrie who is very clueless and unaware of what happens. The yell at Carrie and also laught at her. It does not stop there. They also abuse her by throwing tampons and sanitary napkins at her.

This mix of abuse and her seeing blood coming out of her is surely associated to the memory of her mother abusing her when she was a child, the exact same moment that is associated to the first time she used her telekinesis power. This reality anxiety overwhelms her with an intense emotion of fear. The threat that comes from external world takes form in the figure of her classmates abusing her. The fear is so intense that she cannot move her body. She just stands there, overwhelmed by the anxiety.

Reality anxiety is also experienced by Margaret White. This anxiety contributes to why Carrie eventually represses her sexual desire. Margaret is always very strict towards Carrie when it comes to the relation she has with the opposite sex. Margaret also believes that men will be more attracted to Carrie if she possessesa beautiful body.

One example of the limitation is when Carrie asks her permission to go to the school‟s prom with Tommy Ross. Carrie and her mother are having dinner

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when this happens. Carrie has gathered her guts before she asks for her permissionbut the moment Carrie mentions the name Tommy Ross and that he asked Carrie to go to the prom with him, that makes Margaret boils in anger. No matter how hard Carrie tries to explain that Tommy is a nice boy, Margaret always shuts her down. She even throws her tea in Carrie‟s face. Margaret orders

Carrie to go the closet and pray for forgiveness. What scares Margaret the most is the thought of the boys hurting her daughter It sets off her reality anxiety alarm

At the quotation above, we can see that Carrie‟s peers bully her very badly. The play pranks on her and they also call her vanes. They abuse Carrie both verbally and physically. Out of all normality features that affect Carrie, this one contributes the most to the turning point of Carrie becoming the monster,

“Momma brought her hand down on the back of Carrie‟s neck, and behind it was all the heavy muscle developed by eleven years of slinging heavy laundry bags and trucking piles of wet sheets”. (King, 1974:64)

This situation we can see Momma had been walking toward Carrie, and now her hand flashed with sudden limber speed, a hard hand, laudry-callused and muscled. It struck her backhand across the jaw and Carrie fell down in the doorway between the hall and the living room, weeping loudly. Her eyes were very large in the rimless glasses; they looked like poached eggs. She thumped

Carrie with the side of her foot and Carrie screamed.

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“Girls stretched writhed under the hot water, squalling, flicking water, squirting white bars of soap from hand to hand. Carrie stood among them stolidly, a frog among swans”.(King, 1974:4)

This situation, we can see the girls severely hurt Carrie by physical violence. They should not judge someone in a cruel way, everyone can feel pain and will reciprocate all their actions.

4.1.3 Social Bullying in Carrie

There are many effects of social bullying. There are effects like depression that can lead to suicide, think the four main effects are low self-esteem, the victim feels rejected, unwanted or hated. Rejected and unwanted because if a group of person bullies you and treat you like if you‟re nothing, you‟ll feel like nobody likes you and then you‟ll feel rejected. Hated because when you‟re a victim, you know that the bully hates you. Your self-esteem won‟t be as good as a normal person. These four words are the ones that say the most about how the victim of social bullying feels. The writerconclude the word unwanted describes better how the victim feels than unloved and unpopular, but they are still good words to show how the victim feels. Humiliated, intimidated and inferior are also good words to describe the victim‟s feelings.

“Showers turning off one by one, girls stepping out, removing pastel bathing caps, toweling, spraying deodorant, checking the clock over the door. Bras were hooked, underpants stepped into. Steam hung in the air; the place might have been an Egyptian bathhouse except for the constant rumble of the Jacuzzi whirlpool in the corner”. (King, 1974:5)

In this situation, the passage above emphasizes how everyone who uses the locker room can easily look at each other‟s naked body. It sets off the alarm of

Carrie‟s moral anxiety. Carrie may think that her fear exists because of the girls always stare at her. As a matter of fact, the anxiety actually comes from superego,

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the punitive parent. Carrie is not really afraid of being looked at, in fact, it is quite the opposite. Carrie fears the feeling of wanting to check out other girls naked figure, resulting her wanting a body just like theirs.

“…Vic boomed into the mike: “The King and Queen of the 1979 Spring Ball-Tommy Ross and Carrie White!” (King, 1974:193)

At the prom, Tommy Ross was being a sweetheart to Carrie. The principal announced who were the Prom King and Queen of the year. Due to Chris sabotage, Tommy and Carrie won. Carrie was beyond happy. When they arrived on stage, Chris pulled the string that was connected to the pig‟s blood bucket.

Carrie was splattered with pig‟s blood and the bucket fell, hitting Tommy in the head and knocking him out. Carrie, feeling ashamed, ran to leave the building.

One of Tommy‟s friends went to the stage to see if Tommy was okay, but it turned out Tommy was dead.

“Drawson lurched forward with his fists up, and for a moment Carrie felt stark terror. In her keyed up state, she came within an ace of picking George up and throwing him across the lobby”. (King,1974:160)

The quotation, carrie felt terror in his life and make his feel anxious about the situation of his mother and house. In this situation Carrie thinks of seeing a place that is thought to be terror.

“PERiod, PERiod, PERiod!”Carrie stood dumbly in the center of a formingcircle, water rolling fromher skin in beads. She stood like a patient ox, aware that the joke was on her (as always), dumbly embarrassed but unsurprised. (King,1974:13)

The quotationmeans people who easily give up. The parents are being overprotective often do not provide enough opportunities for their children to feel a failure. However, failure is necessary as a means to learn and form a strong

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personality. Carrie prefers silence than she should respond every catcall of her classmates. She feels has no power to revenge all of them.

“so Tommy said he hated it on me and I‟m going with my sister and her husband. He picks his nose but so does she, so they‟re very shower after school and too cheap to spend a goddamn penny so Cindi and I”(King,1999:5).

In the quotation above, we can see the girls talk about things that are significant to girls at their age. They talk about clothes, boys, and funny experiences. To talk about their appearances and the opposite sex is a normal thing for teenagers. That is why those girls represent the normality of high school students in the story. The next feature of normality used in Carrie is the neighbors of Carrie.

This feature is perceived as a sense of normality of living together in harmony with one another in a society. These neighbors are mentioned several times throughout the story.

“Carrie even thinks of her neighbor named Mrs. Yorraty as an “old bitch” who “hates my momma” (King, 1999: 26).

As a social being, humans need each other and live next to each other. The existence of neighbor figures in Carriecontributes a sense of normality to the story. In the novel, the Whites are not well-liked by the neighbors and it is also implied that Carrie and her mother do not like their neighbors that much as well.

This portrayal of a dysfunctional relationship between the Whites and the neighbors creates a sense of isolation for Carrie. One of the results for this isolation feeling is when Margaret abuses Carrie when she was a little girl.

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“Carrie stood among them stolidly, a frog among swans”. (King,1974:10). This situation Carrie includesof the children who difficulty in socializing.

She is a taciturn girl. Taciturn is (of a person) reserved or uncommunicative in speech; saying little. She almost never talked to her classmates at all as long as at the school. So that, her friends think that she is strange and worthy to get a bullying.

“Mr. Kirk and his wife Virginia came out on their lawn to look. The Smiths, too. Pretty soon everyone on the street that was home had come out...” (King, 1999: 35).

The quotation is one of the results of the isolation. It says that the neighbors do not take any action to save Carrie regardless of the screams that they hear. They just step outside their house and look. This shows that Carrie is all alone, isolated. This kind of unfortunate event could have been avoided if she could have just gotten along with her neighbors.

4.1.4 The Impacts of Bullying on Carrie

The bullying in this novel is described clearly from the beginning until the end of the story as its central insight. It makes this novel interesting to read because Carrie, the main character is an unpopular weird girl with a secret super power. Being bullied had become her lifetime experience because of her weirdness. Carrie always wanted to be normal like the other girls in her school.

The climax is when she was humiliated in front of her school friends at the school prom that she could not handle it anymore. She decided to take revenge with her secret super power she killed those who had mocked her at school tragically.

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“…THE POWER!! It was time to teach them a lesson. Time to show them a thing or two. She giggled hysterically”. (King,1974:220)

Based on the quote, Carrie finally decides to use her power to revenge because she has been stressed for always be bullied. The telekinesis ability in her, suddenly rises up and cries the word out strongly. Carrie wants revenge with them who‟s laughing at her, because Carrie feels humiliated again after the incident in the locker room. She wants to give them a thing or two lessons, because her patience has run out. This sentence is one of sentence that is often spoken of her mother.

Carrie walks back toward the gymnasium, she giggles. She sees the sprinklers system in the gym. She thinks that she can turn on the sprinklers system and close all the doors to make them trapped in the gymnasium. Then Carrie focuses her mind on the sprinklers system and the water is suddenly showered the entire gymnasium and all the doors slam and close.

“…Yet it wasn‟t enough. They weren‟t crying yet, so it wasn‟t enough. (hurt them then hurt them)” (King,1974:223)

Based on the quotation, Carrie feels not enough only to make rain in the gym. They‟ve already got wet but it‟s not as wet as she, gets wet because of blood. She wants them to feel what she feels. She wants to hurt them until they cry, it‟s the same with her who always cries of shame because of her classmates ridicule.

Carrie moves power cords which stretched across on the stage, some of the lights turn off when power cord hits a puddle of water. There is a boy who holds a microphone stands on the stage and then his body gets electricity shock. The boy falls down to one amplifier and there is an explosion. Almost all audiences have

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trapped inside in the gym and eventually they die, but some of them can get out from the gym. She does not only destroy the gym, when Carrie walks home, but she opens the hydrant, turns the screws on the hydrant so that water explodes and no one will be able to extinguish the fire in Chamberlain. Two gas stations in

Chamberlain have exploded. Power transformers have exploded too, high tension wires falls into the street, some resident of Chamberlain town who touches the cable are died.

Carrie decides to go home, when she arrives at home, her mother is waiting and going to kill her, but in return the mother dies because of the telekinesis ability. Carrie feels regret and she wants to destroy the roadhouse near her home, to her mother‟s revenge. Carrie walks to the Cavalier (roadhouse) with the knife in her shoulder, and she finds Chris and Billy in the parking lot of the

Cavalier. Carrie is standing in front of Billy‟s car, Chris scream and Billy shock that cause him to lose control. They hit the Cavalier, Billy is thrown forward and the steering column spears him, and Chris is thrown into the dashboard. The gas tank split opens and explodes.

Carrie drags herself to leave the parking lot the Cavalier until she has not power anymore because she has been full of blood on her shoulder. She lays on her side, and Susan finds her is lying in a small pool of blood with a knave still stabs on her shoulder. Susan looks for Carrie because Susan wants to know about

Tommy, and Susan has a feeling that Carrie‟s in the Cavalier. Carrie talks with

Susan by telepathy. Carrie blames Susan who asks Tommy to take her to the prom night.

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“...State officials say that the death toll in Chamberlain stands at 409, with 49 still listed as missing”. (King,1974:246)

Based on the quotation, A major disaster has struck the town of

Chamberlain. Most of students Ewen School, who attend the prom night become the victims. Finally, Chamberlain town becomes the ghost town, because almost all of town has got fire, and almost the residents of Chamberlain have died.

“…I came to kill you, momma. And you were waiting here to kill me”. (Carrie,1974:249).

Based on the quotation, Carrie has killed many people in her school and destroys almost the entire Chamberlain town, so some resident Chamberlain town have died. Carrie kills her mother by stopping the heart working her mother with her telekinesis. After her mother die, Carrie deeply regrets her action. Carrie gets out from her house and she remembers that there is something she should do,

Carrie remembers her mother always wants to be an angel with a sword who will walk through the parking lots of roadhouses and cut down the wicked. Carrie will do what her mother wants. Carrie walks to the Cavalier, the roadhouse which is near from her house and she destroys the roadhouse to be an angel who is going to kill bad guys on the roadhouse.

4.2Finding

Carrie bullied by her high school classmates and her family. The impact she also has telekinesis powers, strong enough to kill anyone who hurts her, as the people of her town, fictional Chamberlain, in Maine, learn.Like most victims of school bullying, Carrie is different from her classmates. This difference comes from how she‟s raised by her mother, Margaret White (white as the Christian innocence she tries–and fails–to preserve), whose religious fundamentalism won‟t

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allow her to expose her daughter to the „sinful‟ ways of the modern world. This failure to communicate needed information leaves Carrie in a state of arrested development, infantilizing her. Psychologically, Carrie White (white as a baby‟s innocence) is a baby going to school with teenagers.

This infantilizing is made clear when her mother fails to tell her about menstruation, her first period being her rite of passage, as it were, into womanhood. So when she‟s bleeding in the shower during gym class, what should be a simple matter of using a tampon ends up a terrifying moment for her: all that blood makes her think she‟s going to die.Adding to her trauma are all her bullying classmates, who start laughing at her and throwing tampons at her, chanting,

“Plug it up! Plug it up!” Since, as noted above, she is psychologically a baby among teenagers here, instead of this being a passage from girlhood to womanhood, she‟s held back by one phase of life, passing from unborn to born, from unknowing innocence to the terrors of the real world, like a newborn baby.

Thus, this naked, terrified „baby‟, dripping wet and bawling her eyes out, is symbolically experiencing a birth trauma, or at least the triggered reliving of it.

Later, the pigs‟ blood, first being the result of the pigs‟ deaths, of course, later becomes the cause of so many deaths not only in the high school, but all over

Chamberlain, too. And with the splashing of that blood all over her comes the realization that her enemies are still enemies. The outflowing of her menstrual blood is her projected destructive instincts; the pigs‟ blood poured on her is that death instinct re-introjected.

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At the prom, she has a brief moment of happiness, finally feeling accepted by the external world. She has even forgotten her telekinesis, since she doesn‟t seem to need it (i.e., she‟s letting go of her need of the infantile illusion of omnipotence). But Chris‟s cruel prank (ruining her dress, her transitional object, and thus rendering impossible her transition from inner fantasy to outer reality) reminds her of her ever-present persecutors, and like a baby suffering in the paranoid-schizoid position and fighting back against a frustrating outer world in phantasy, so does Carrie get her revenge. She was forgetting (!! THE POWER !!)

It was time to teach them a lesson.Having been subjected to bullying and emotional abuse myself from family and school, she‟s using her telekinesis to trap and kill everyone in the high school gym.But her telekinesis doesn‟t give her the omnipotence against the danger of her knife-wielding mother, who won‟t “suffer a witch to live”. Nor will Margaret‟s fundamentalist faith give her an omnipotent

God to save her from Carrie (who kills her in the novel by slowing down and stopping her heartbeat; in the 1976 film, Carrie kills her by making knives fly in the air and stab her to death in a manner similar to the death of St. Sebastian).

Chris imagines her lawyer father can help her get revenge on the school for not firing Desjardin for hitting her and she‟s bitterly disappointed to know he can‟t. This spoiled girl doesn‟t have the omnipotence she thinks she has. She never considers how her meanness has consequences. Even after Carrie has already destroyed much of Chamberlain, killed many of the people there, and given everyone the uncanny sense, psychically, that she was responsible for all the mayhem, Chris and Billy imagine they can kill her by hitting her with his car.

Instead, she kills them.One indication of Carrie‟s infantile mental state is her

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calling her mother, „Momma‟, one of the first sounds a baby makes in its baby talk; hence the reason that some variation on „mama„ is common in languages around the world for the first object relation most of us form in early life.

Many paradoxes can be seen in this novel ("she was weeping even as she laughed"). Blood is associated with death and birth (remember Margaret‟s words:

“Eve brought forth Cain in sweat and blood.” also, “I fell down and I lost the baby and that was God‟s judgment. I felt that the sin had been expiated. By blood. But sin never dies. Sin…never…dies.”). There are failures to communicate, then there‟s Carrie‟s uncanny ability to make everyone in town know, psychically, that she‟s responsible for the destruction of Chamberlain.Also paradoxical about this story is how people seem powerful, but are really powerless, and this applies especially to Carrie. With all of her formidable powers of telekinesis, and all the death and destruction she causes just by thinking it, she is still, in her mind, just a baby: sensitive, vulnerable, fragile, and helpless. One stab to her shoulder kills her. “Able to start fires, pull down electric cables, able to kill almost by thought alone; lying here unable to turn herself over”.

Similarly, her bullies think they‟re immune to punishment when they‟re throwing tampons at her, then find themselves in detention, doing exercises with

Desjardin in gym class. Chris and Billy don‟t think anything will happen to them after they drop the pigs‟ blood on Carrie. And Margaret assumes she‟ll go straight to heaven after death, even when she stabs her own daughter.So often, we think about our own vulnerability so much that we forget about that of our enemies; and so often, this is the basis for our hurting each other, without end.At the beginning of the story, Carrie fears bleeding to death when she needn‟t; at the end, after

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she‟s reached the height of her destructive powers, she bleeds to death for real. As she‟s dying, she whines, like a baby, “(momma would be alive i killed my momma i want her o it hurts my chest hurts my shoulder o oo i want my momma…o momma i‟m scared momma MOMMA)”. She is going through the depressive position, wishing to have reparation with her mother, despairing at her loss.

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CHAPTER V

CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION

5.1 Conclusion

After analyzing the novel some conclusions are drawn as follows :

1. Types of bullying experienced by Carrie are :

Verbal Bullying = “A tampon suddenly struck her in the chest and fell with a plop at her feet and the girls were bombarding her with tampons and sanitary napkins, some from purses, some from the broken dispenser on the wall. They flew like snow and the chant became. “plug it up, plug it up, plug it up, plug it-“ (King, 1974:9).

Physical Bullying = “A tampon suddenly struck her in the chest and fell with a plop at her feet and the girls were bombarding her with tampons and sanitary napkins, some from purses, some from the broken dispenser on the wall. They flew like snow and the chant became. “plug it up, plug it up, plug it up, plug it-“ (King, 1974:9).

Social Bullying : “Drawson lurched forward with his fists up, and for a moment Carrie felt stark terror. In her keyed up state, she came within an ace of picking George up and throwing him across the lobby”. (King,1974:160).

2.The impacts of bullying on Carrie are :

 Carrie decided to take revenge with his telekinesis power.

“…THE POWER!! It was time to teach them a lesson. Time to show them a thing or two. She giggled hysterically”. (King,1974:220).

 Carrie killed schoolmates and his mother.

“…I came to kill you, momma. And you were waiting here to kill me”. (Carrie,1974:249).

5.2 Suggestion

Novel is a medium of understanding life. It offers moral teaching to be known by its readers. The novel Carrie is a good example of understanding social

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matter in terms of bullying. Bullying is socially unacceptable because it tends to degrade man not as a man. This novel implies more than bullying that is a telekinesis ability which is supposed to be abnormal in life. By reading this novel, the readers may get insights how important to respect other people is whatever or whoever they are. Above all, novel is not just a matter of killing the time with nothingness. It teaches through pleasure. Novel is pleasant because it entertains the reader by playing imagination in the beauty of language. It teaches the readers because it provides a sense of life to be understood and manifested. Thus, reading a novel like Carrie is to understand life more than what we expect. The study of novel Carrie through this paper is not absolutely fix at all. There are still possibilities to be done. Therefore, this thesis can be a starting point for other students to study it from different perspective. It is hoped this paper can increase other students‟ interest to study not just novel, but it may be poetry, drama as kinds of literary works.

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REFERENCES Britanika. 1972. Pengantar Kajian Novel. Jakarta: Gramedia Utama. Basrowi and Suwandi. 2007. Collecting Data Technique. Jakarta: BumiAksara Coloroso. 2003. An Introduction to Fiction. New York: Holt Rinehart and Winston, Inc. Damono, 2002.Sosiologi Sastra Sebuah Pengantar Ringkas.Jakarta: Pusat PembinaandanPengembanganBahasaDepartemenPendidikandan Kebudayaan. King, Stephen. 1974. Carrie. New York: Anchor Books. Lauren and Singewood. 1972. Literature : An Introduction to Reading and Writing. New Jersey :Pretice Hall, Inc. Muchtar, Muhizar. Lubis, Syahron. Nurlela. Rangkuti, Rahmadsyah. Purba, Parlindungan. 2017. Buku Pedoman Penulisan proposal/skripsi dan ujian kompetensi program strata satu (S1). Medan: USU Press . Nurgiyantoro. 2005. TeoriPengkajianFiksi. Yogyakarta: Gajah Mada Universitas Press. Ratna, Nyoman Khuta.2002. ParadigmaSosiologiSastra. Yogyakarta: PustakaPelajar. Soekito. 1990. Concise Dictionary of Literary Terms.Bandung: GajahMada Universitas Press. Shaw. 1972. An Introduction to Fiction. New York: Hoh Rine heart and Winston Smith. 2002.Pseudoscience and Extraordinary Claims of the Bullying. New Jersey: Wiley-Blackwell. Taylor and Bodgan. 1989. Research Analysis.London: Routledge Trochim, M.K , William. 2006. Research Design’s. Cleveland: Wiley Publishing, Inc. University of Warwick and Duke Medical Centre Reserved from: https://www.ant i-bullyingalliance.org.uk/tools-information/all-about-bullying/prevalence- and-impact/impact-bullying (3juni 2017). Psychic Reading Reserved from: https://www.psychicperformercom/what-is- telekinesis(2018).

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Wolf, frank. 1994. Literary Terms and Criticism. Beirut : Longman Group imited. Limited.

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APPENDIX

BIOGRAPHY OF THE AUTHOR

Stephen Edwin King was born on September 21, 1947 in Portland, Maine.

He is the second son of Donald King and Nellie Ruth Pillsbury. After his parent separated when Stephen was toddler, he and his older brother, David King , were raised by his mother.

Stephen King‟s passion for writing surfaced in 1959 when he wrote articles in newspaper. There are many short stories written by Stephen King.

Stephen King graduated from High school in 1966 and continued on to the

University of Maine at Orono. While studying at University, he met Tabitha

Spruce, then married in January of 1971. They are have three children , Naomi

Rachel, Joe hill and Owen Phillip.

In 1974, The first novel by Stephen King “Carrie”, published in April

1974. Carrie is an American epistolary novel. Carrie novel is the horror genre.

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The first adaption of Carrie was a feature film of the same name, released in1976.

Directed by Brian De Palma, It is regarded as a watershed film of the horror genre and one of the best film adaptions of Stephen King work. A Broadway musical adaption, Carrie, was staged in 1988. In 2002, television film with the name same was released. However, in this version, Carrie survives the end of the story. A film also with the same name was released in 2013, directed by Kimberly Peirce.

The film remake of De Palma film and more a re-adaptation of the original text.

The second novel by Stephen king is “Salems Lot”. This novel was enough to type Stephen King to type King as a horror writer. The subsequent sale of the reprint rights to NAL earned King half of the $500,000 sale price.

King‟s third novel is “The Shining” in 1977. He was a lot on his mind.

The novel is famous novel in 1977. The book was followed in 2013 by the sequel

“Doctor Sleep”.

Since then King has had numerous short stories, novel published and movies made from his work. He has been called the “Master of Horror”. Stephen king has published fifty novels , including seven under the pen name Richard

Bachman, and five non fiction books. He has written nearly two hundred short stories, most of which have been collected in nine collections of short fiction.

Many of them have been adapted into feature films, television movies and comic books. His books have been translated into 33 different languages, published in over 35 different countries.

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SUMMARY OF THE NOVEL

Carrie white a shy teenager, strange, and always be ridicule her classmates. Carriehave been the subject of abuse from her unstable fundamentalist mother, Margaret White, who broke away from mainstream Christianity and found her own religion (of which she and Carrie are apparently the only adherents). Carrie have telekinesis abilities, she can move things with her minds.

Carrie has her first period while showering after gym class. Carrie is terrified, having no concept of menstruation, and believes she is bleeding to death.

Instead of sympathizing with the frightened Carrie, her classmates taunt her and throw tampons and sanitary napkins at her. As Carrie is aided by her gym teacher,

Rita Desdarjin. When Margareth finds out about the incident, she beats Carrie, claiming that this is God‟s way of punishing her, and locks her in a closet for hours to pray for “forgiveness”.

The next day , Miss Desjardin orders the children who taunted Carrie to serve a week‟s detention in the gym, one of the bullies, Chris Hargensen, refuse to attend and is suspended for three days. She is also banned from Ewen High‟s prom. However, another girl, Sue Snell, feels remorse for her prior actions and offers to become Carrie‟s friend. Meanwhile, Carrie gradually discovers that‟s she has telekinesis powers, and learns how to keep them under control. With prom fast approaching, Sue convinces her handsome boyfriend, Tommy Ross, to ask

Carrie to prom, as a way for her to finally fit in. Margareth forbids her from attending, but Carrie uses powers to.

Smarting from being banned from the prom, Chris and her boyfriend ,

Billy Nolan , hatch a plan to humiliate Carrie in front of the entire school. Chris

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has Billy kill two pigs at a nearby farm and drain their blood into two buckets.

Billy then rigs the buckets over the stage on a rafter hidden out of sight.

At prom night, Carrie and Tommy are elected prom king and queen after

Chris‟s friends, Tina Blake and Norma Watson, slip fake ballots into the ballot box as part of Chris‟s plan. Once on stage, Carrie and Tommy are drenched with the pig blood by Chrish. One of the buckets falls on Tommy‟s head, fatally wounding him. Carrie again becomes the subject of her classmates‟ ridicule, and decides to use her power to exact revenge upon Ewen High. She locks the gym‟s doors and turns on the sprinkler system, electrocuting two students, she then sets fire to the gym, leaving everyone inside to die. Carrie walks home , leaving a trail of destruction in her wake. Sue rushes to Ewen High and watches it explode, which destroy a portion of the town.

Carrie returns home and confronts a crazed Margareth, who claims she conceived Carrie due to marital rape. When Margareth stabs Carrie, she kills her mother by telekinetically stopping her heart. Mortally wounded, Carrie makes her way to the local roadhouse where her mother was raped and she was conceived.

Chris and Billy, who happen to be making love inside, receive word from Billy‟s friend of what has happened to Chamberlain. Billy plans on leaving town with

Chris. They exit the roadhouse just as Carrie arrives, and attempt to run her down with Billy‟s car. However, Carrie telekinetically sends the car crashing into the roadhouse, killing Chris and Billy. Carrie then collapses in the parking lot from blood loss.

Sue arrives on the scene and finds Carrie in the parking lot. Carrie, weak and dying from blood loss, speaks telepathically with us, blaming her for the

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prank. After scanning Sue‟s brain, she realizes that Sue had nothing to do with bit, and set her up with Tommy as penance for the locker room incident. Carrie cries out for her mother and dies, which Sue experiences personally due to the physic connection. Four months later, Chamberlain has become a virtual ghost town. By then, 440 people including 67 people who were Ewen High Seniors are confirmed dead, and 18 are still missing.

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