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HISTOIRE DES ARTS / ARTS DU SON Le Thème De L’Eau À Travers Les Siècles

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HISTOIRE DES ARTS / ARTS DU SON Le Thème De L’Eau À Travers Les Siècles HISTOIRE DES ARTS / ARTS DU SON Le thème de l’eau à travers les siècles 40 000 476 1492 1789 1900 De la Préhistoire à l’Antiquité gallo-romaine Le Moyen Âge Les Temps Modernes Le XIXe siècle Du XXe siècle à nos jours Mythe du Dieu Pan Serena en mer Hante Water Music, Haendel 6ème symphonie, Beethoven La mer, Debussy (Syrinx, Debussy) Les Quatre Saisons, La Truite, Schubert La conquête du Paradis, Vivaldi La Moldau, Smetana Vangelis La mer, Trenet De la Préhistoire à l’Antiquité gallo-romaine. Extrait des programmes : Œuvres faisant référence aux récits de créations, à la Préhistoire et à l’Antiquité gallo-romaine. « Syrinx », (1913), Claude Debussy Analyse : Syrinx est une courte pièce pour flûte traversière qui repose sur un récit mythologique. C’est la dernière mélodie que joue le dieu Pan avant de mourir en se souvenant de Syrinx, une nymphe qu’il a tant aimée. Pan était amoureux d’une nymphe du nom de Syrinx qui se Isabelle ROLIN / CPEM DSDEN 57 / Février 2012 transforma en roseaux pour lui échapper. En souvenir de cette nymphe, Pan confectionna un instrument de musique avec des roseaux : Syrinx ou flûte de Pan. Une flûte de Pan Pan poursuivant Syrinx (François Marot, XVIIe) Ecouter la version de Jean-Pierre Rampal, l’un des plus grands flûtistes français du XXe siècle. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zsJ0SaLUTeA&feature=related Pistes pédagogiques : Présentation du récit mythologique. Reconnaître le timbre de la flûte traversière et présenter la flûte de Pan. Isabelle ROLIN / CPEM DSDEN 57 / Février 2012 Le Moyen-Age. Extrait des programmes : Musique religieuse et musique profane. «Serena En Mer Hante», Philippe de Thaon, XIIe, poème déclamé avec accompagnement instrumental (harpe). « Serena » est extrait d’un bestiaire médiéval écrit par Philippe de Thaon. (Site CPEM 57 : Voir fiche rubrique « Histoire des arts », Moyen Age) Ecouter la version d’Anne Azéma, l’une des meilleures interprètes de la musique médiévale. http://www.cduniverse.com/search/xx/music/pid/1224354/a/Anne+Azema+-+The+Unicorn+-+Medieval+French+Songs.htm Pistes pédagogiques : Texte en vieux français : compréhension, prononciation. Déclamation : expression Instruments du Moyen-Age : la harpe Le contexte historique : Le bestiaire médiéval Les Temps modernes. Extrait des programmes : Musique instrumentale et vocale du répertoire baroque et classique. Extrait de « Water Music » (Musique sur l’eau), composée par Georg-Friedrich Haendel en 1717 et jouée à l’occasion d’une fête nautique à la Cour de Londres. « Water Music » regroupe trois suites orchestrales (Succession de courtes pièces instrumentales). Ecouter deux versions de « L’ouverture » de Water Music : http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Abb529Us128 : cette version présente le décor dans lequel fut jouée cette œuvre (la Tamise) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Blqujvruwbo : dans cette version, on visualise l’orchestre. Isabelle ROLIN / CPEM DSDEN 57 / Février 2012 Haendel par le sculpteur Jean-Jules Salmson. Maquette de plâtre La Tamise, Londres réalisée en 1874. Commande de Charles Garnier pour représenter la musique anglaise (Musée d’Art et d’Industrie de Roubaix) Pistes pédagogiques : Présentation du contexte historique. Le tempo : vif ou lent (se déplacer en suivant la vitesse de la musique) Le caractère de la musique Isabelle ROLIN / CPEM DSDEN 57 / Février 2012 « L’hiver », 2ème mouvement, extrait des Quatre Saisons, Antonio Vivaldi. Concerto pour violon et orchestre. Cette œuvre célèbre a été composée en 1725. Analyse : Le mouvement (largo) évoque la sérénité éprouvée « au coin du feu » (belle mélodie au violon) avec un accompagnement en pizzicati (la neige au dehors). Ecouter : http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=frBw-zFuxI0 L’hiver, Arcimboldo, 1563, Musée du Louvre Les quatre saisons, l’hiver, David Teniers, XVIIe, Musée du Louvre Pistes pédagogiques : Le genre concerto : un dialogue entre un groupe de solistes et l’orchestre Les instruments à cordes frottées Chercher une façon de produire la pluie avec les élèves (avec du papier journal par exemple) comme l’accompagnement des cordes en pizzicati. Isabelle ROLIN / CPEM DSDEN 57 / Février 2012 Le XIXe siècle. Extraits des programmes : Extraits musicaux de l’époque romantique (symphonie, opéra, …) « L’orage », 4ème mouvement de la 6ème symphonie dite « Pastorale », 1808, Ludwig van Beethoven. Analyse : Dans ce mouvement descriptif, l’orage gronde et la foule des paysans se disperse. La pluie tombe puis le tonnerre éclate. Enfin, le calme revient et l’orage s’éloigne. Pistes pédagogiques : Le genre symphonie. Faire remarquer l’aspect descriptif de la musique et l’évocation de la nature. La structure de l’extrait : crescendo / décrescendo Création d’un paysage sonore autour de l’orage (avec des objets sonores ou de petites percussions). « Die Forelle » (La Truite) 1817, Lied de Franz Schubert sur un poème de Christian Schubart. Analyse : Cette pièce chantée par un soliste raconte l’histoire d’un pêcheur qui veut attraper une truite dans une rivière. Pistes pédagogiques : Le genre Lied. Le poème de Christian Schubart. L’évocation de la scène : le pêcheur et la truite Le texte en Allemand et la traduction française La partie chantée (une soprano) et l’accompagnement instrumental (le piano) Chanter un extrait « La Moldau » (1875), Bedrich Smetana, Analyse : Cette pièce est un poème symphonique qui décrit cette rivière de la République Tchèque, longue de 400km qui traverse la Bohème, arrose Prague et se jette dans l’Elbe. Isabelle ROLIN / CPEM DSDEN 57 / Février 2012 Ecouter : http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SomQT9P1UAg : version en lien avec des images de la rivière http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-XmbiKr_Yow : version avec orchestre Pistes pédagogiques : Genre du poème symphonique Evocation musicale du voyage de la rivière depuis sa source jusqu’au confluent avec l’Elbe (géographie) Suivre les différents épisodes de ce parcours Les différences d’intensité : La nuit / Les rapides de St Jean. Création d’un paysage sonore autour du thème de la rivière. Le XXe siècle et notre époque. Musique « classique » du début du XXe. « Jeux de vagues » (1905), 2ème mouvement extrait de « La Mer », Claude Debussy Pistes pédagogiques : Parallèle entre la musique et la peinture impressionniste : évocation du clapotis et du flux/reflux de la mer Production vocale (ch, f, …) ou instrumentale (frotter) : « Jeux de vagues » Douarnenez, baie de mer avec des navires, Eugène Boudin Saint Valéry sur Somme, Eugène Boudin Isabelle ROLIN / CPEM DSDEN 57 / Février 2012 « Aquarium », extrait du « Carnaval des animaux », Camille Saëns Pistes pédagogiques : Reconnaître le timbre des instruments : flûte, piano et célesta. Faire le lien avec les arts visuels ou l’expression corporelle : l’aquarium, les poissons. Musiques de films. « Le grand Bleu » (1988), film de Luc Besson. Musique d’Eric Serra Pistes pédagogiques : Métissage musical : saxophone, musique électroacoustique Isabelle ROLIN / CPEM DSDEN 57 / Février 2012 « 1492, La conquête du paradis » / Christophe Colomb, musique de Vangelis Ecouter : http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A9ZcRmQhaig Pistes pédagogiques : Expression corporelle : évocation du voyage vers l’Amérique. Le contexte historique : la découverte de l’Amérique. Chansons. « La mer », Charles Trenet. Pistes pédagogiques : Chanter la chanson Comparer plusieurs interprétations Isabelle ROLIN / CPEM DSDEN 57 / Février 2012 .
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