Native American Sourcebook: a Teacher's Resource on New England Native Peoples. INSTITUTION Concord Museum, MA
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DOCUMENT RESUME ED 406 321 SO 028 033 AUTHOR Robinson, Barbara TITLE Native American Sourcebook: A Teacher's Resource on New England Native Peoples. INSTITUTION Concord Museum, MA. PUB DATE 88 NOTE 238p. AVAILABLE FROMConcord Museum, 200 Lexington Road, Concord, MA 01742 ($16 plus $4.95 shipping and handling). PUB TYPE Guides Classroom Use Teaching Guides (For Teacher)(052) EDRS PRICE MF01/PC10 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS *American Indian Culture; American Indian History; *American Indian Studies; *Archaeology; Cultural Background; Cultural Context; *Cultural Education; Elementary Secondary Education; Instructional Materials; Social Studies; Units of Study IDENTIFIERS *Algonquin (Tribe); Concord River Basin; Native Americans; *New England ABSTRACT A major aim of this source book is to provide a basic historical perspective on the Native American cultures of New England and promote a sensitive understanding of contemporary American Indian peoples. An emphasis is upon cultures which originated and/or are presently existent in the Concord River Basin. Locally found artifacts are used in the reconstruction of past life ways. This archaeological study is presented side by side with current concerns of New England Native Americans. The sourcebook is organized in six curriculum units, which include:(1) "Archaeology: People and the Land";(2) "Archaeology: Methods and Discoveries";(3) "Cultural Lifeways: Basic Needs";(4) "Cultural Lifeways: Basic Relationships"; (5) "Cultural Lifeways: Creative Expression"; and (6) "Cultural Lifeways: Native Americans Today." Background information, activities, and references are provided for each unit. Many of the lessons are written out step-by-step, but ideas and references also allow for creative adaptations. A list of material sources, resource organizations and individuals, and an index conclude the book. (M) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are .the best that can be made from the original document. *********************************************************************** Native AmericanSourcebook A Teacher's Resource on U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Ottice of Educational Research and Imc:.remenr New England Native Peoples EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) This document has been reproduced as ytreceived from the person or orga-ization originating it. Minor changes have been made f; improve reproduction quality. Points of view or opinions statec nthis document do not necessarily recesent by Barbara Robinson official OERI position or policy. 00 PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE AND DISSEMINATE THIS MATERIAL C6 HAS BEEN GRANTED BY Published by Concord Museum A/A16-3 TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES 0 INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) BEST COPY AVAILABLE 2 Foreword The Concord Museum is proud to play a part in the This Sourcebook has been in the making for the past ten publication and dissemination of this Sourcebook. We years. A first draft, funded by GenRad Foundation, proved recognize that the materials included are part of a long that the materials it contains are not readily available. Mrs. research process and that process will continue after pub- Robinson has accumulated a wealth of resources, facts, data lication. The Museum has found that the interpretation of and graphics which will enhance the classroom presentation our Native American collection and attendant program- and deepen our knowledge of the roles of the Native ming has become an important and vital aspect of our Americans of the past and make us sensitive to their lives educational mission. today. The research done by Shirley Blancke and Barbara This Sourcebook is a resource and as such, we at the Robinson has had a profound impact on the Museum. Our Museum hope that it will generate new interest and re- guided tours now include a section on the area's first search into the period before the settlement of the Euro- inhabitants and the Musketaquid's contribution to the pean colonists. settlement of Concord. The school programs have a unit on Native American lifeways which is a direct spin-off from the highly successful 1985 exhibition "From Musketaquid to Dennis Fiori, Director Concord: The Native and European Experience." Concord Museum The Museum would like to thank the following Corpo- rate Members whose generous support helps fund projects such as the publication of this Sourcebook. Abbott Laboratories GenRad Foundation Bank of Boston Mahoney & Wright BayBank Harvard Trust Company Nuclear Metals, Inc. The Boston Company Prince Company Boston Scientific Company Raytheon Burr, Eagan & Deleage Spaulding & Company, Inc. ComFed Savings TA Associates Ernst & Whinney TIME, Inc. Forum Holdings, USA Venet Advertising General Cinema Corporation Welch Foods, Inc. Concord Museum, Concord, MAC) 1988 i 3 Introduction This Sourcebook was written for educators who want to Preparation of a draft Sourcebook for educators learn and teach about the history and present status of New containing curricula on archeology and Native England Native Peoples.It has been a long time in the American studies, with an emphasis on the Con- making and reflects my own journey of discovery. As my cord River Basin, and a resource directory of understanding of the Native American past and present in- people, places and programs for these studies; and creased, the coverage in this Sourcebook also grew. Development of Museum kits containing artifacts Initially I was drawn to the Native perspective because and lesson plans on archeology, tools and Native of an interest in ecology and a love for the land. Over a ten- American lifeways, to be field tested in selected year period I was involved in environmental education river basin schools. studies through Elbanobscot Inc. of Sudbury, Massachu- setts, pioneers in river and cultural lifeways programs, One hundred copies of the draft Sourcebook were working with area schools to incorporate these programs circulated to organizations and individuals involved in into their curriculum. Amateur archeological efforts to sal- Native American programs, and feedback was requested vage an impacted prehistoric site and preserve others in the for a final version. A positive response was received from Wayland community also absorbed my attention. My home this draft and also from the field testing experience, which area along the Sudbury River was among those with sites encouraged the Concord Museum to work toward a final preserved, and my sense of place expanded to include its publication. original inhabitants. Work was delayed because of the preparation of a new It became obvious to me that environmental and cul- exhibit in commemoration of the 350th anniversary of the tural resources were still in danger, and education was founding of Concord. Shirley Blancke, Museum archeolo- needed to awaken a preservation conscience in the commu- gist, and myself served as guest curators for this exhibit nity and schools. Outreach programs were developed and entitled, "From Musketaquid to Concord," which com- several of the archeology lessons which appear in this pared Native Peoples and the Concord founders in attitudes Sourcebook were field-tested in the Wayland public toward the land and its resources. Using artifacts, graphics schools. and stories, the exhibit expanded upon ideas originally developed in the Concord River Basin project, and added At this time the Concord Museum received an impor- materials from Nipmuck people from the Chaubun- tant artifact collection from the Sudbury and Concord River nagungamog band who continue to live in the surrounding valleys through the will of Benjamin Smith. The Massachu- area. Many ideas and graphics from this exhibit were added setts Historical Commission inventoried this collection and to the draft Sourcebook. encouraged its accessibility to scholars and educators. Over a three-year period the Museum received grants from the Contacts with Native Peoples for this exhibit as well as Massachusetts Historical Commission, the Massachusetts the resource directory convinced me that the new Source- Council on the Arts and Humanities and the GenRad book should contain more information on New England Foundation to create programs and materials related to cul- Native Peoples of today, especially from their own point of tural lifeways along the Concord River, and I was involved view, and to address the problem of stereotypes and bias in this effort. toward them. Textbooks rarely present the diversity of Native cultures, and often perpetuate the stereotype of the Programs and materials on the Concord River Basin vanished warrior or noble savage. Some ideas are provided included: herein for multicultural studies which portray the long tra- - Assessment of the Museum's prehistoric artifact ditions and contributions of varied Native Peoples as an im- collections in terms of their educational value for portant part of our New England heritage and society today. research, school kits and temporary exhibits; Because of the nature of the original grants to the Use of the Concord River Basin as a model to study Museum related to their collections, the draft Sourcebook the interrelationship between land and people over emphasized artifacts and archeology. The revision now time and to promote the preservation of prehis- includes cultural lifeways not revealed through archeology toric and historic cultural resources; which relate to social organization and spiritual life, such as Concord Museum, Concord, MA® 1988 iii 4 creative expression in arts, stories,