DOCSLIB.ORG

Fossil Mammals of Rivensleigh, Northwestern Q,Ueensland

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

FossilMammals of Rivensleigh, NorthwesternQ,ueensland: PreliminaryOverview of Biostratigraphy, Correlationand EnvironmentalChange MichaelArcherr, Henk Godthelpl, Suzanne J. Handl and Dirk Megirian2 Abstract Aspects of the results of studies of the fossil-rich Cainozoic deposits of Riversleigh, nofthwestern Queensland, are reviewed. A summary of five selected Riversleigh faunas representing the primary cerioCs of the region's Cainozoic history is provided. Faunal and environmental changes over the last 25 000 004 vears n the Riversleigh region are identified and changes in Australia s rainforest mammal comlnunities over the same period are discussed. Evidence for the origin of Australia s modern mammal qroups front ancestors now known to have lived in the l'ertiary rainforests of northern Australia is reviewed. fhe geological record for Riversleighs more than 100 local faunas is considered. At least three primary inteNals ol Oligo-Niocene deposition, one of Pliocene and ntany of Pleistocene and Holocene depc.ssttbn are identified. An appendix is provided in which the princioal faunal assemblages from Riversleigh are allocated to these depositional intervals. The evidence for ccrrelating Riversleigh local faunas with faunal assemblages in the rest of Australia and the world is reviewed. Oligo-Niocene, Pliocene and Pleistocene marsupial anci monotreme fossils correlate Riversleigh's local faunas with others from central and eastern Australia; bats correlate them with faunal assemblages in Europe: rodertts correlate them with Pliocene assemblages in eastern Australia. Ke.v words: Monotremata, Marsupiaira.Chiroptera. Muridae. Pisces,Amphibia, Reptilia.Aves. A4am- malia. Evolution,Extinction. Rainforest. Freshwater Limestone. Tertiary, Oligocene. Miocene. Pliocene. Pleistocene,Holocene. Correlation,Stratigraphy. Palaeoecoiogy. INTRODUCTION summary of the currentbiostratigraphic data with a focus on Riversleigh'smammai record and its interpretationin Despitelon-cl-term interest in the distinctivemammais a local as well as general context. ManV students and of modern Australia.understanding about their origin colleaguesinvolved in analysesof Riversleighrnaterials and diversificationhas laggedfar behind that of all other have contributedto the ideas presentedhere and tc the conrinenis except Antarctica(Alcher anci Bartholomai growing awarenessof the significanceof the Riversieigh i 978, Arcner 1984, Hand i 984. Woodburne ef al 1985). discoveries. The reasons for this are manifold but primary among them has been the apparent scarcityo[ rich Cainozct.. Although Riversieighs fossil marnmal deposits wert: fossil deposits.Until 1983 rnost investigationsinto the: onginallythought to representone distincrassemblage early diversificationof Australia'sterrestrial mammals of medial Mioceneanimals (the RiversleighLocal Fauna focussecion the Oligo-Miocene deposits of the Lakt of Tedford 1967.from his SitesA-D). we nou' recognise Eyre Basrnand Frome Embayment of South Australia about 100 local faunasfrom this area representrng:l. at and isolated early Miocene faunal assemblagesfrorn least thre--periods of Oligo-Miocenetime (about 25 to year richly fossiliferous Tasmania. In that the extent of l5 miliion vears BP) which we define as Svstems A-C Tertiary depositsat Riversleigh(Fig. I ), some of whrc[ witn System A beinq between late C)ligoceneto earli' nad beeri systematicallystuciied as eariv a:' 1967 Mrocerre in arte, Systern B possibly early to nriddle (Tedford (Archer, 1967), began to become apparent Mioceneand Systen':C oossiblymiddle Mioceneto early Hand and Codthelpl986). lateMiocene: 2, at leastone Plioceneassemblage (about Examination of these Riversleigh deposits, which 3-5 millionyears BP1. Rackham's Roost Local Fauna; 3, appear to span the last 25OOO000 years, has led to manv Pleistoceneassemblages (between 2 million and many publications (e.9., Archer, Hand and Codthelp l0 000 yearsBP) from caveand ancientriverine deposits 1988b, Anon. I 9B9a,b)and on-going researchfocussed such as TerraceSite; and 4 many Holocene(r.e., Recent) on individualtaxonomic groups. Here we presenta broad assemblages(less than 10 000 yearsBP) some ol which appear to span the arrivalof introduced mamnrals and 'Nodhern Universi\_ol f'lew South Wales lrrrlor\'Museuni Europeans. June 1989 Australian Zoologist. Vol. 25(2,) 29 This overview includes: 1, a faunal list from Riversleigh'sUpper Site Local Fauna to introduce the biostratigraphic issues involved; 2, a summary of speciesJevel diversity (for mammals) in six representa- 'Site tive, different-aged local faunas (Riversleigh LF from D'; Upper Site L.F; Bitesantennary LF; Dwornamor LF from Cag Site; Rackham's Roost LF; and the modern (stillJiving) fauna of RiversleighStation); 3, a considera- tion of apparent trends in Australia'srainforest mammal communities through time; 4, a summary of what we at present interpret to be the stratigraphic relationships of representativeRiversleigh local faunas; 5, some of the bases for approximating the ages of Riversleigh'slocal faunas; and 6, an appendix listing the prir.cipal local faunas under study with a tentative assessment of their relative ages. Systematic nomenclature used for marsupial groups follows Aplin and Archer (1987); that for bats follows : Guttof Z, Hand (1984); that for non-Riversleigh faunal Carpentaria|1 assemblagesand stratigraphyfollows Archer (1984) and Woodburne et a/. (1985). In the species list, the author- ship of a taxonomic name is followed by the author's last CE a comma and the date of publication. [f no o name, = o Normant0n comma separatesan author from the date of publication E (the format also used here for a conventional text refer- G, Burketown a work in which the taxon is l*J ence), the reference is to O Riversleigh discussed or perhaps re-defined. = & The term rainforest covers a multitude of vegetation t! l. types (e.g., Webb, Tracey and Williams 1984; Webb, I Camooweal Tracey and Jessup 1986). Our interpretation of the &, (3 o Oligo-Miocene rainforests of Riversleigh,based on the z, faunas they contained, are that they were dense, species- Mountlsa 9zg persist -l rich gallery rainforests probably similar to those that km today in mid-montane New Guinea. Fossil collecting localities in Riversleigh are called 'sites' (e.g., Upper Site, Cag Site, Outasite). Regionally Fig. 1. The location of Rivercleigh within the Gulf country of to be superpositionally-related northwesternQueensland. (After Archer, Hand and Godthelp clusteredsites that apPear 1986). (differing in age but not significantly in position) and/or space-related (spatially isolated but approximately con- temporaneous) comprise what we have come to call 'systems'. Considering the vast exPanse and complexity of the Our aim in using these concepts is to draw Riversleighsediments, the large number of local faunas, attention to the apparent age-related (sequential or the early state of analyses of both the geology and the comparable) nature of sites that occur as geographically defined clusters (the Systems) in the Riversleighregion. faunas and the fact that this summary does not include 'System' the preliminary results of the non-mammal data under Our restricted use of the term should not be study, the diagrams and summaries presented here confused with the stratigraphic analogue of the 'period' (e.g., must be treated as preliminary assessments'lt would be chronologic term the Tertiary System and naive of us to presume that after a combined total of Tertiary Period;Raup and Stanley 1971). Nor should our only 12 months spent in the field at Riversleigh,we would Systems be interpreted as regional faunas or be aware of all major features of the area. With each assemblages of contemporaneous faunas because (at successive expedition, more is learned about the inter- Systems B and C least)are clearlytime-transgressive. relationshipsof the various sediments within the region We regard each site in a Riversleigh System to be and about the faunal assemblagesthey contain. As more potentially unique in time as well as space. In contrast, of the various sediments are processed, the diversity, each Riversleigh System is interpreted to have accumu- relationships and non-Riversleighoccurrences of some lated over a fwed interval of time within a specific area. of the Riversleighanimals necessitatea continual revis- For example, Gag Site (which may be middle Miocene 'big' ing or refining of the picture. in age) occurs as an isolated bone-rich deposit within 30 Australian Zoologist, VoL25(2) June 1989 the Gag Plateau (a major topographic feature in the Upper Site Local Fauna Riversleighregion) and is part of System C which as a Mollusca whole appears to span middle Miocene to early late Gastropoda(snails; pers. comm. Coleman, Australian Miocene time. However, all of these preliminary strati- Museum) graphic concepts will require revision as understanding Family? about the nature and relationships of the sediments --Genusand sp. develops. Family? --Genusand sp. An assemblage of animals from a single site is called Family? a local fauna (often abbreviated LF; plural, lfs or LFs if --Genusand sp. specific sites are named; e.9., the Upper Site LF, the Arthropoda (pers. comm. P. Jell, Queensland Outasite and Upper Site LFs). A few local faunal names Museum) differ from their corresponding site names (e.9., Diplopoda Dwornamor LF from Cag Site) but most are the same Family? (no. of genera undet.) as the site name, commonly but not alwaysless the word --Genusand sp. 1 'site' (e.g., Henk's Hollow
Recommended publications
  • SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION for a New Family of Diprotodontian Marsupials from the Latest Oligocene of Australia and the Evolution

    SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION for a New Family of Diprotodontian Marsupials from the Latest Oligocene of Australia and the Evolution

    Title A new family of diprotodontian marsupials from the latest Oligocene of Australia and the evolution of wombats, koalas, and their relatives (Vombatiformes) Authors Beck, RMD; Louys, J; Brewer, Philippa; Archer, M; Black, KH; Tedford, RH Date Submitted 2020-10-13 SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION FOR A new family of diprotodontian marsupials from the latest Oligocene of Australia and the evolution of wombats, koalas, and their relatives (Vombatiformes) Robin M. D. Beck1,2*, Julien Louys3, Philippa Brewer4, Michael Archer2, Karen H. Black2, Richard H. Tedford5 (deceased) 1Ecosystems and Environment Research Centre, School of Science, Engineering and Environment, University of Salford, Manchester, UK 2PANGEA Research Centre, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia 3Australian Research Centre for Human Evolution, Environmental Futures Research Institute, Griffith University, Queensland, Australia 4Department of Earth Sciences, Natural History Museum, London, United Kingdom 5Division of Paleontology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, USA Correspondence and requests for materials should be addressed to R.M.D.B (email: [email protected]) This pdf includes: Supplementary figures Supplementary tables Comparative material Full description Relevance of Marada arcanum List of morphological characters Morphological matrix in NEXUS format Justification for body mass estimates References Figure S1. Rostrum of holotype and only known specimen of Mukupirna nambensis gen. et. sp. nov. (AMNH FM 102646) in ventromedial (a) and anteroventral (b) views. Abbreviations: C1a, upper canine alveolus; I1a, first upper incisor alveolus; I2a, second upper incisor alveolus; I1a, third upper incisor alveolus; P3, third upper premolar. Scale bar = 1 cm.
  • Platypus Collins, L.R

    Platypus Collins, L.R

    AUSTRALIAN MAMMALS BIOLOGY AND CAPTIVE MANAGEMENT Stephen Jackson © CSIRO 2003 All rights reserved. Except under the conditions described in the Australian Copyright Act 1968 and subsequent amendments, no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, duplicating or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owner. Contact CSIRO PUBLISHING for all permission requests. National Library of Australia Cataloguing-in-Publication entry Jackson, Stephen M. Australian mammals: Biology and captive management Bibliography. ISBN 0 643 06635 7. 1. Mammals – Australia. 2. Captive mammals. I. Title. 599.0994 Available from CSIRO PUBLISHING 150 Oxford Street (PO Box 1139) Collingwood VIC 3066 Australia Telephone: +61 3 9662 7666 Local call: 1300 788 000 (Australia only) Fax: +61 3 9662 7555 Email: [email protected] Web site: www.publish.csiro.au Cover photos courtesy Stephen Jackson, Esther Beaton and Nick Alexander Set in Minion and Optima Cover and text design by James Kelly Typeset by Desktop Concepts Pty Ltd Printed in Australia by Ligare REFERENCES reserved. Chapter 1 – Platypus Collins, L.R. (1973) Monotremes and Marsupials: A Reference for Zoological Institutions. Smithsonian Institution Press, rights Austin, M.A. (1997) A Practical Guide to the Successful Washington. All Handrearing of Tasmanian Marsupials. Regal Publications, Collins, G.H., Whittington, R.J. & Canfield, P.J. (1986) Melbourne. Theileria ornithorhynchi Mackerras, 1959 in the platypus, 2003. Beaven, M. (1997) Hand rearing of a juvenile platypus. Ornithorhynchus anatinus (Shaw). Journal of Wildlife Proceedings of the ASZK/ARAZPA Conference. 16–20 March.
  • A Dated Phylogeny of Marsupials Using a Molecular Supermatrix and Multiple Fossil Constraints

    A Dated Phylogeny of Marsupials Using a Molecular Supermatrix and Multiple Fossil Constraints

    Journal of Mammalogy, 89(1):175–189, 2008 A DATED PHYLOGENY OF MARSUPIALS USING A MOLECULAR SUPERMATRIX AND MULTIPLE FOSSIL CONSTRAINTS ROBIN M. D. BECK* School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/jmammal/article/89/1/175/1020874 by guest on 25 September 2021 Phylogenetic relationships within marsupials were investigated based on a 20.1-kilobase molecular supermatrix comprising 7 nuclear and 15 mitochondrial genes analyzed using both maximum likelihood and Bayesian approaches and 3 different partitioning strategies. The study revealed that base composition bias in the 3rd codon positions of mitochondrial genes misled even the partitioned maximum-likelihood analyses, whereas Bayesian analyses were less affected. After correcting for base composition bias, monophyly of the currently recognized marsupial orders, of Australidelphia, and of a clade comprising Dasyuromorphia, Notoryctes,and Peramelemorphia, were supported strongly by both Bayesian posterior probabilities and maximum-likelihood bootstrap values. Monophyly of the Australasian marsupials, of Notoryctes þ Dasyuromorphia, and of Caenolestes þ Australidelphia were less well supported. Within Diprotodontia, Burramyidae þ Phalangeridae received relatively strong support. Divergence dates calculated using a Bayesian relaxed molecular clock and multiple age constraints suggested at least 3 independent dispersals of marsupials from North to South America during the Late Cretaceous or early Paleocene. Within the Australasian clade, the macropodine radiation, the divergence of phascogaline and dasyurine dasyurids, and the divergence of perameline and peroryctine peramelemorphians all coincided with periods of significant environmental change during the Miocene. An analysis of ‘‘unrepresented basal branch lengths’’ suggests that the fossil record is particularly poor for didelphids and most groups within the Australasian radiation.
  • A Phylogeny and Timescale for Marsupial Evolution Based on Sequences for Five Nuclear Genes

    A Phylogeny and Timescale for Marsupial Evolution Based on Sequences for Five Nuclear Genes

    J Mammal Evol DOI 10.1007/s10914-007-9062-6 ORIGINAL PAPER A Phylogeny and Timescale for Marsupial Evolution Based on Sequences for Five Nuclear Genes Robert W. Meredith & Michael Westerman & Judd A. Case & Mark S. Springer # Springer Science + Business Media, LLC 2007 Abstract Even though marsupials are taxonomically less diverse than placentals, they exhibit comparable morphological and ecological diversity. However, much of their fossil record is thought to be missing, particularly for the Australasian groups. The more than 330 living species of marsupials are grouped into three American (Didelphimorphia, Microbiotheria, and Paucituberculata) and four Australasian (Dasyuromorphia, Diprotodontia, Notoryctemorphia, and Peramelemorphia) orders. Interordinal relationships have been investigated using a wide range of methods that have often yielded contradictory results. Much of the controversy has focused on the placement of Dromiciops gliroides (Microbiotheria). Studies either support a sister-taxon relationship to a monophyletic Australasian clade or a nested position within the Australasian radiation. Familial relationships within the Diprotodontia have also proved difficult to resolve. Here, we examine higher-level marsupial relationships using a nuclear multigene molecular data set representing all living orders. Protein-coding portions of ApoB, BRCA1, IRBP, Rag1, and vWF were analyzed using maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood, and Bayesian methods. Two different Bayesian relaxed molecular clock methods were employed to construct a timescale for marsupial evolution and estimate the unrepresented basal branch length (UBBL). Maximum likelihood and Bayesian results suggest that the root of the marsupial tree is between Didelphimorphia and all other marsupials. All methods provide strong support for the monophyly of Australidelphia. Within Australidelphia, Dromiciops is the sister-taxon to a monophyletic Australasian clade.
  • Revision of Basal Macropodids from the Riversleigh World Heritage Area with Descriptions of New Material of Ganguroo Bilamina Cooke, 1997 and a New Species

    Revision of Basal Macropodids from the Riversleigh World Heritage Area with Descriptions of New Material of Ganguroo Bilamina Cooke, 1997 and a New Species

    Palaeontologia Electronica palaeo-electronica.org Revision of basal macropodids from the Riversleigh World Heritage Area with descriptions of new material of Ganguroo bilamina Cooke, 1997 and a new species K.J. Travouillon, B.N. Cooke, M. Archer, and S.J. Hand ABSTRACT The relationship of basal macropodids (Marsupialia: Macropodoidea) from the Oligo-Miocene of Australia have been unclear. Here, we describe a new species from the Bitesantennary Site within the Riversleigh’s World Heritage Area (WHA), Ganguroo bites n. sp., new cranial and dental material of G. bilamina, and reassess material pre- viously described as Bulungamaya delicata and ‘Nowidgee matrix’. We performed a metric analysis of dental measurements on species of Thylogale which we then used, in combination with morphological features, to determine species boundaries in the fossils. We also performed a phylogenetic analysis to clarify the relationships of basal macropodid species within Macropodoidea. Our results support the distinction of G. bil- amina, G. bites and B. delicata, but ‘Nowidgee matrix’ appears to be a synonym of B. delicata. The results of our phylogenetic analysis are inconclusive, but dental and cra- nial features suggest a close affinity between G. bilamina and macropodids. Finally, we revise the current understanding of basal macropodid diversity in Oligocene and Mio- cene sites at Riversleigh WHA. K.J. Travouillon. School of Earth Sciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia and School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, New South Wales 2052, Australia. [email protected] B.N. Cooke. Queensland Museum, PO Box 3300, South Brisbane, Queensland 4101, Australia.
  • Marsupialia: Ektopodontidae): Including a New Species Ektopodon Litolophus

    Marsupialia: Ektopodontidae): Including a New Species Ektopodon Litolophus

    Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement No. 57: 255-264 (1999). Additions to knowledge about ektopodontids (Marsupialia: Ektopodontidae): including a new species Ektopodon litolophus Neville S. Pledge!, Michael Archer, Suzanne J. Hand2and Henk Godthelp2 1 South Australian Museum, North Terrace, Adelaide, SA 5000; email: [email protected] 2 School of Biological Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052 Abstract - Information about the extinct phalangeroid family Ektopodontidae has been increased following the discovery of new material from several localities. A new species, Ektopodon litolophus, described on the basis of an Ml from the Leaf Locality, Lake Ngapakaldi, Lake Eyre Basin, is characterized by the extremely simple structure of the crests. Ektopodontids are recorded for the first time from the northern half of the Australian continent through discovery of a tooth fragment at Wayne's Wok Site, Riversleigh World Heritage area, northwestern Queensland. Comparisons of Ml of Olllnia and Ektopodon species now allow evolutionary trends of simplification to be discerned. INTRODUCTION million years; Woodburne et al. 1985), following Ektopodon is a genus of extinct possum-like preliminary analyses by W.K. Harris of pollen from marsupials established by Stirton et al. (1967) on the Etadunna Formation at Mammalon Hill, Lake isolated teeth found at the Early to Middle Miocene Palankarinna. Subsequent work with Leaf Locality (Kutjamarpu Local Fauna) at Lake Ngapakaldi, northeastern South Australia (Figure 1). Further specimens from this locality were described and interpreted by Woodburne and Clemens (1986b), together with new, slightly older Oligocene species in the plesiomorphic genus CJmnia (c. illuminata, C. sp. cf. C.
  • Fossil Calibration Schemes the Soft Explosive Model Of

    Fossil Calibration Schemes the Soft Explosive Model Of

    Supplemental File 2: Fossil calibration schemes The soft explosive model of placental mammal evolution Matthew J. Phillips*,1 and Carmelo Fruciano1 1School of Earth, Environmental and Biological Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia *Corresponding author: E-mail: [email protected] Contents Fossil Calibration schemes ......................................................................................................... 1 Table S2 .................................................................................................................................. 1 New calibrations ..................................................................................................................... 3 Figure S2 ................................................................................................................................ 7 References ............................................................................................................................ 10 Calibration schemes Table S2. Soft-bound calibrations employed for the MCMCtree analyses of the 122-taxon, 128- taxon, and 57-taxon empirical datasets. Calibrations among placental mammals are largely based on dos Reis et al. [1], hence the designations dR32 and dR40 (numbers indicating the number of calibrations). Several new calibrations, including some inspired by Springer et al. [2], are described below the table. Also note that the 122-taxon dR40, 128-taxon and 57-taxon analyses employ bounds as listed below, whereas the dR32 analyses,
  • Fauna Survey, Wingham Management Area, Port Macquarie Region

    Fauna Survey, Wingham Management Area, Port Macquarie Region

    This document has been scanned from hard-copy archives for research and study purposes. Please note not all information may be current. We have tried, in preparing this copy, to make the content accessible to the widest possible audience but in some cases we recognise that the automatic text recognition maybe inadequate and we apologise in advance for any inconvenience this may cause. FOREST RESOURCES SERIES NO. 19 FAUNA SURVEY, WINGHAM MANAGEMENT AREA, PORT MACQUARIE REGION PART 1. MAMMALS BY ALAN YORK \ \ FORESTRY COMMISSION OF NEW SOUTH WALES ----------------------------- FAUNA SURVEY, WINGHAM MANAGEMENT AREA, PORT MACQUARIE REGION PART 1. MAMMALS by ALAN YORK FOREST ECOLOGY SECTION WOOD TECHNOLOGY AND FOREST RESEARCH DIVISION FORESTRY COMMISSION OF NEW SOUTH WALES SYDNEY 1992 Forest Resources Series No. 19 March 1992 The Author: AIan York, BSc.(Hons.) PhD., Wildlife Ecologist, Forest Ecology Section, Wood Technology and Forest Research Division, Forestry Commission ofNew South Wales. Published by: Forestry Commission ofNew South Wales, Wood Technology and Forest Research Division, 27 Oratava Avenue, West Pennant Hills, 2125 P.O. Box lOO, Beecroft 2119 Australia. Copyright © 1992 by Forestry Commission ofNew South Wales ODC 156.2:149 (944) ISSN 1033-1220 ISBN 07305 5663 8 Fauna Survey, Wingham Management Area, -i- PortMacquarie Region Part 1. Mammals TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE INTRODUCTION 1 1. The Wingham Management Area 1 (a) Location 1 (b) Physical environment 3 (c) Vegetation communities 3 (d) Fire 5 (e) Timber harvesting : 5 SURVEY METHODOLOGy 7 1. Overall Sampling Strategy 7 (a) General survey 7 (b) Plot-based survey 7 (i) Stratification 1:Jy Broad Forest Type : 8 (ii) Stratification by Altitude 8 (iii) Stratification 1:Jy Management History 8 (iv) Plot selection 9 (v) Special considerations 9 (vi) Plot establishment 10 (vii) Plot design...........................................................................................................
  • A Evolução Dos Metatheria: Sistemática, Paleobiogeografia, Paleoecologia E Implicações Paleoambientais

    A Evolução Dos Metatheria: Sistemática, Paleobiogeografia, Paleoecologia E Implicações Paleoambientais

    UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE PERNAMBUCO CENTRO DE TECNOLOGIA E GEOCIÊNCIAS PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM GEOCIÊNCIAS ESPECIALIZAÇÃO EM GEOLOGIA SEDIMENTAR E AMBIENTAL LEONARDO DE MELO CARNEIRO A EVOLUÇÃO DOS METATHERIA: SISTEMÁTICA, PALEOBIOGEOGRAFIA, PALEOECOLOGIA E IMPLICAÇÕES PALEOAMBIENTAIS RECIFE 2017 LEONARDO DE MELO CARNEIRO A EVOLUÇÃO DOS METATHERIA: SISTEMÁTICA, PALEOBIOGEOGRAFIA, PALEOECOLOGIA E IMPLICAÇÕES PALEOAMBIENTAIS Dissertação de Mestrado apresentado à coordenação do Programa de Pós-graduação em Geociências, da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, como parte dos requisitos à obtenção do grau de Mestre em Geociências Orientador: Prof. Dr. Édison Vicente Oliveira RECIFE 2017 Catalogação na fonte Bibliotecária: Rosineide Mesquita Gonçalves Luz / CRB4-1361 (BCTG) C289e Carneiro, Leonardo de Melo. A evolução dos Metatheria: sistemática, paleobiogeografia, paleoecologia e implicações paleoambientais / Leonardo de Melo Carn eiro . – Recife: 2017. 243f., il., figs., gráfs., tabs. Orientador: Prof. Dr. Édison Vicente Oliveira. Dissertação (Mestrado) – Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. CTG. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geociências, 2017. Inclui Referências. 1. Geociêcias. 2. Metatheria . 3. Paleobiogeografia. 4. Paleoecologia. 5. Sistemática. I. Édison Vicente Oliveira (Orientador). II. Título. 551 CDD (22.ed) UFPE/BCTG-2017/119 LEONARDO DE MELO CARNEIRO A EVOLUÇÃO DOS METATHERIA: SISTEMÁTICA, PALEOBIOGEOGRAFIA, PALEOECOLOGIA E IMPLICAÇÕES PALEOAMBIENTAIS Dissertação de Mestrado apresentado à coordenação do Programa de Pós-graduação
  • The Lives of Creatures Obscure, Misunderstood, and Wonderful: a Volume in Honour of Ken Aplin 1958–2019

    The Lives of Creatures Obscure, Misunderstood, and Wonderful: a Volume in Honour of Ken Aplin 1958–2019

    Papers in Honour of Ken Aplin edited by Julien Louys, Sue O’Connor and Kristofer M. Helgen Helgen, Kristofer M., Julien Louys, and Sue O’Connor. 2020. The lives of creatures obscure, misunderstood, and wonderful: a volume in honour of Ken Aplin 1958–2019 ..........................149 Armstrong, Kyle N., Ken Aplin, and Masaharu Motokawa. 2020. A new species of extinct False Vampire Bat (Megadermatidae: Macroderma) from the Kimberley Region of Western Australia ........................................................................................................... 161 Cramb, Jonathan, Scott A. Hocknull, and Gilbert J. Price. 2020. Fossil Uromys (Rodentia: Murinae) from central Queensland, with a description of a new Middle Pleistocene species ............................................................................................................. 175 Price, Gilbert J., Jonathan Cramb, Julien Louys, Kenny J. Travouillon, Eleanor M. A. Pease, Yue-xing Feng, Jian-xin Zhao, and Douglas Irvin. 2020. Late Quaternary fossil vertebrates of the Broken River karst area, northern Queensland, Australia ........................ 193 Theden-Ringl, Fenja, Geoffrey S. Hope, Kathleen P. Hislop, and Benedict J. Keaney. 2020. Characterizing environmental change and species’ histories from stratified faunal records in southeastern Australia: a regional review and a case study for the early to middle Holocene ........................................................................................... 207 Brockwell, Sally, and Ken Aplin. 2020. Fauna on
  • Timing and Dynamics of Late Pleistocene Mammal Extinctions in Southwestern Australia

    Timing and Dynamics of Late Pleistocene Mammal Extinctions in Southwestern Australia

    Timing and dynamics of Late Pleistocene mammal extinctions in southwestern Australia Gavin J. Prideauxa,1, Grant A. Gullya, Aidan M. C. Couzensb, Linda K. Ayliffec, Nathan R. Jankowskid, Zenobia Jacobsd, Richard G. Robertsd, John C. Hellstrome, Michael K. Gaganc, and Lindsay M. Hatcherf aSchool of Biological Sciences, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia 5042, Australia; bSchool of Earth and Environment, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia; cResearch School of Earth Sciences, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 0200, Australia; dCentre for Archaeological Science, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia; eSchool of Earth Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia; and fAugusta–Margaret River Tourism Association, Margaret River, Western Australia 6285, Australia Edited by Paul L. Koch, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, and accepted by the Editorial Board November 1, 2010 (received for review July 27, 2010) Explaining the Late Pleistocene demise of many of the world’s larger tims, falling in alongside sediments and charcoal that were washed terrestrial vertebrates is arguably the most enduring and debated in via now-blocked solution pipes, although tooth marks on some topic in Quaternary science. Australia lost >90% of its larger species bones suggest that the carnivores Sarcophilus and Thylacoleo by around 40 thousand years (ka) ago, but the relative importance played a minor accumulating role. of human impacts and increased aridity remains unclear. Resolving To establish an environmental background against which TEC the debate has been hampered by a lack of sites spanning the last faunal changes could be analyzed, we investigated stratigraphic glacial cycle.
  • THYLACOLEO CARNIFEX and the NARACOORTE CAVES Michael Curry, Liz Reed1,2 and Steve Bourne3

    THYLACOLEO CARNIFEX and the NARACOORTE CAVES Michael Curry, Liz Reed1,2 and Steve Bourne3

    RESEARCH CATCHING the MARSUPIAL ‘LION’ by the TAIL: THYLACOLEO CARNIFEX and the NARACOORTE CAVES Michael Curry, Liz Reed1,2 and Steve Bourne3 1School of Physical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia; 2School of Biological Sciences, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, Australia; 3Naracoorte Lucindale Council, Naracoorte, SA, Australia. “Thylacoleo exemplifies the simplest and most effective dental machinery for predatory life and carnivorous diet known in the Mammalian class. It is the extreme modification, to this end, of the Diprotodont type of Marsupialia.” Owen (1866) Introduction defending Thylacoleo as “A very gentle beast, and of good conscience” (Macleay 1859). Macleay based his Of all the extinct Australian Pleistocene megafauna argument on Thylacoleo’s relationship with other species, Thylacoleo carnifex (the marsupial ‘lion’) has Diprotodont marsupials, most of which are herbivores. captured the imagination and interest of people more Gerard Krefft, Curator of the Australian Museum, was than any other. Perhaps it is the allure of its predatory almost equally as unimpressed with Thylacoleo’s habits, (Australia’s Pleistocene answer to T. rex); or the carnivory, opining that it “…was not much more intriguing notion that it used caves as dens (Lundelius, carnivorous than the Phalangers (possums) of present 1966 ). It is certainly an enigma and, as Owen (1866) time.” (Krefft, 1866). Owen, meanwhile, had received an suggested, an extreme and meat-eating version of the almost complete skull from the Darling Downs, in otherwise herbivorous diprotodont marsupials. Queensland and published a more detailed paper, Spectacular fossil finds over the past few decades have further describing the skull and teeth of Thylacoleo, put to rest much of the speculation regarding its habits acknowledging its diprotodont affiliation but more and morphology.