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Plagiat Merupakan Tindakan Tidak Terpuji PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI THE SIGNIFICANCE OF GREEK MYTHOLOGICAL FIGURES IN JEFFREY EUGENIDES’ MIDDLESEX A THESIS Presented as Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements to Obtain the Sarjana Pendidikan Degree in English Language Education By Taufiq Hidayanto Student Number: 051214037 ENGLISH LANGUAGE EDUCATION STUDY PROGRAM DEPARTMENT OF LANGUAGE AND ARTS EDUCATION FACULTY OF TEACHERS TRAINING AND EDUCATION SANATA DHARMA UNIVERSITY YOGYAKARTA 2010 PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI THE SIGNIFICANCE OF GREEK MYTHOLOGICAL FIGURES IN JEFFREY EUGENIDES’ MIDDLESEX A THESIS Presented as Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements to Obtain the Sarjana Pendidikan Degree in English Language Education By Taufiq Hidayanto Student Number: 051214037 ENGLISH LANGUAGE EDUCATION STUDY PROGRAM DEPARTMENT OF LANGUAGE AND ARTS EDUCATION FACULTY OF TEACHERS TRAINING AND EDUCATION SANATA DHARMA UNIVERSITY YOGYAKARTA 2010 i PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI ii PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI iii PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI I dedicate this thesis for everyone who ever underestimates me. I live my own life and nurse my own wounds. It’s not the best way to live. But it’s the way I am. (Middlesex-Jeffrey Eugenides) iv PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI v PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI vi PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI ABSTRACT Hidayanto, Taufiq. (2010).The Significance of Greek Mythological Figures in Jeffrey Eugenides’ Middlesex. Yogyakarta: English Language Education Study Program, Department of Language and Arts Education, Faculty of Teachers Training and Education, Sanata Dharma University. This thesis analyses Jeffrey Eugenides’ novel entitled Middlesex. This novel is about the story of Calliope, a Greek American who is raised as a girl until discovering, in adolescence, that she is in fact intersexes—with the chromosomal makeup of a male, and the genitalia of both sexes. In the novel, Eugenides used some Greek mythology figures. Those figures are interesting to be discussed in order to reveal the reason why Jeffrey Eugenides presented some Greek mythology figures in the novel. Furthermore, there is also curiousity about the connection between those Greek mythology figures and the story. The aim of this study is to identify Greek mythology figures in Jeffrey Eugenides’ Middlesex. In addition, this study also intends to reveal the significance of those mythology figures in the story. In order to achieve the objectives of the study, there are two problems formulated in this study. The first problem is what the figures of Greek mythology presented in Jeffrey Eugenides’ Middlesex are. The second problem is what the significances of those Greek mythology figures in Jeffrey Eugenides’ Middlesex are. This study employed library research. The primary data of this study is Jeffrey Eugenides’ Middlesex while the secondary data are taken from printed as well as electronic books, article, and encyclopedia. To accomplish this study, mythopoeic approach is used. In this thesis, theory of mythology is needed to solve the two problems. The results of this study reveal the significance of Greek mythology in Jeffrey Eugenides’ Middlesex. There are at least 5 figures of Greek mythology presented in the novel which give significance to the story. Those figures are Tiresias, Calliope, Minotaur, Hermaphroditus and Zeus. Tiresias is a blind seer who has an experience of being male and female. Tiresias becomes the mirror figure of the main character, Calliope, since they share the same experience as hermaphroditic figures, the experience of gender transformation, the same experience of love and sexual desire towards male and female and as foreshadowing of the main character. Calliope is a beautiful goddess who is one of the nine muses, who is in charge of epic poetry. The main character’s name is taken from this goddess. Hermaphroditus is the famous hermaphroditic figure in Greek mythology shown in a figure who is a half male and half female. The main character calls herself hermaphrodite and has ever joined a club and does an attraction as the god of hermaphrodites. Minotaur is a monster with the body of a man and head of a bull. The similarities between Minotaur and the main character are both of them are recognized and called themselves monsters, and they are both a result of a forbidden love. Zeus is the god of thunder, ruler of the Olympian gods, and spiritual father of gods and mortals. Zeus also does incest, as he marries vii PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI his own sister. The main character’s grand parents also do incest which triggers a gen mutation and makes the main character becomes hermaphrodite. In addition to its own values as a unique literary work, this novel can give more knowledge about Greek mythology. Moreover, an excerpt of this novel can be used as material for teaching Paragraph Writing to the students of English Language Education Study Program. viii PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI ABSTRAK Hidayanto, Taufiq. (2010). The Significance of Greek Mythological Figures in Jeffrey Eugenides’ Middlesex. Yogyakarta: Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris, Jurusan Pendidikan Bahasa dan Seni, Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan, Universitas Sanata Dharma. Skripsi ini mengulas novel Jeffrey Eugenides yang berjudul Middlesex. Novel ini bercerita mengenai Calliope, seorang keturunan Amerika-Yunani yang dibesarkan sebagai seorang gadis. Hingga ketika remaja ditemukan fakta bahwa sesungguhnya gadis tersebut interseksual dengan kromosom laki-laki dan alat kelamin gabungan dari laki-laki dan wanita. Dalam novel tersebut, Eugenides menggunakan beberapa tokoh mitologi Yunani. Tokoh-tokoh tersebut menarik untuk dibahas untuk mencari tahu alasan mengapa Jeffrey Eugenides menggunakan tokoh mitologi Yunani dalam novelnya. Juga adanya keingintahuan mengenai hubungan antara tokoh-tokoh mitologi Yunani tersebut dengan novel. Tujuan dari skripsi ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi tokoh-tokoh mitologi Yunani yang terdapat pada Middlesex karangan Jeffrey Eugenides. Skripsi ini juga bertujuan untuk mencari arti penting tokoh-tokoh mitologi tersebut dalam novel. Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut ada dua permasalahan yang diformulasikan dalam skripsi ini. Permasalahan pertama adalah apa saja tokoh mitologi dalam novel Middlesex karya Jeffrey Eugenides? Permasalahan kedua adalah apakah arti penting tokoh-tokoh mitologi Yunani tersebut dalam novel Middlesex karya Jeffrey Eugenides? Studi ini menggunakan metode studi pustaka. Data utama studi ini adalah novel Middlesex karya Jeffrey Eugenides sedangkan data penunjangnya diambil dari buku-buku, artikel dan ensiklopedia baik cetak maupun elektronik. Studi ini menggunakan pendekatan mythopeic. Untuk menjawab permasalahan diatas digunakan teori mitologi. Hasil dari studi ini mengungkapkan arti penting dari tokoh-tokoh mitologi dalam Middlesex karya Jeffrey Eugenides. Setidaknya ada 5 tokoh mitologi Yunani dalam novel tersebut yang mempunyai arti penting dalam novel tersebut. Tokoh-tokoh tersebut adalah Tiresias, Calliope, Minotaur, Hermaphroditus dan Zeus. Tiresias adalah peramal buta yang pernah mengalami perubahan dari pria menjadi wanita. Tiresias menjadi tokoh refleksi dari tokoh utama karena mereka memiliki beberapa persamaan menjadi tokoh hermaphrodit, perubahan jenis kelamin, percintaan terhadap pria dan wanita, dan sebagai pemberi tanda tokoh utama. Calliope adalah dewi jelita yang termasuk dalam 9 dewi seni dan bertugas dalam syair puisi. Nama tokoh utama diambil dari dewi ini. Hermaphroditus adalah tokoh hermaphrodit terkenal dalam mitologi Yunani, Hermaphroditus adalah tokoh separuh pria dan separuhnya lagi wanita. Tokoh utama dari novel ini juga menyebut dirinya sebagai hermaphrodit dan pernah bergabung pada sebuah klub dimana dia beratraksi menjadi dewa Hermaphroditus. Minotaur adalah monster dengan tubuh manusia dan berkepala banteng. Persamaannya dengan tokoh utama adalah mereka mengkategorikan diri mereka sebagai monster dan ix PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI hasil dari cinta terlarang. Zeus adalah dewa petir, raja dari dewa-dewa di Olympia, ayah dari dewa-dewa dan beberapa manusia. Zeus sendiri adalah pelaku incest karena dia menikahi adik kandungnya sendiri. Kakek nenek tokoh utama juga melakukan incest yang menyebabkan mutasi gen yang mengakibatkan sang tokoh utama menjadi berkelamin ganda. Novel ini dapat memberikan pengetahuan lebih mengenai mitologi Yunani. Disamping itu, novel ini dapat digunakan sebagai materi pengajaran bagi mata kuliah Paragraph Writing untuk mahasiswa program studi ilmu Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris. x PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI ACKNOWLEDGMENTS First of all, I would like to thank Allah SWT for giving me the blessing, vitality, idea and divine affection to finish my study and this thesis. I would like to express my deepest gratitude to my major sponsor, Henny Herawati, S.Pd., M.Hum., for all her great great great patience, valuable times, motivation, enlightenment feedback and guidance from the beginning to the accomplishment of this thesis. My gratitude also to Drs. Y.B. Gunawan, M.A. for the support and patience. I would also thank to Antonius Jody, S.Pd. and Ch. Lhaksmita Anandari, S.Pd., M.Ed. for the enlightenment and motivation. My thankfulness goes to all the lecturers in the English Language Education Study Program for providing such worthy and useful knowledge and wisdom with all their devotion during my studying time. Next, I would like to thank the secretariat of English
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