Assessing Capacities for Local Economic Development in Uganda
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ASSESSING CAPACITIES FOR LOCAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN UGANDA Susan Kavuma | Assumpta Tibamwenda Elijah Mushemeza | George Bogere | Lillian Tamale Eugene Semakula | Jonas Mbabazi ACODE Policy Research Paper Series No.98, 2020 ASSESSING CAPACITIES FOR LOCAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN UGANDA Susan Kavuma | Assumpta Tibamwenda Elijah Mushemeza | George Bogere | Lillian Tamale Eugene Semakula | Jonas Mbabazi ACODE Policy Research Paper Series No.98, 2020 Published by ACODE P. O. Box 29836, Kampala Email: [email protected]; [email protected] Website: https://www.acode-u.org Citation: Kavuma, S., Tibamwenda, A., Mushemeza, E., Bogere, G., Muyomba-Tamale, L., Ssemakula, E., and Mbabazi, J., (2020). Assessing Capacities for Local Economic Development in Uganda, Kampala: ACODE. Policy Research Paper Series No.98. © ACODE 2020 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the prior written permission of the publisher. ACODE policy work is supported by generous donations and grants from bilateral donors and charitable foundations. Reproduction or use of this publication for academic or charitable purposes or for purposes of informing public policy is excluded from this restriction. ISBN: 978-9970-56-723-2 Cover: Farmers in Arua district selling mangoes in one of the mango markets. Most of the produce is sold to businessmen based in Kampala. CONTENTS Acknowledgements .....................................................................v List of Acronymns ...................................................................... vi Executive Summary ................................................................... viii 1.0 Introduction ............................................................................ 1 2.0 Background to Local Economic Development ................. 3 2.1 Historical Perspectives on LED .....................................................................................3 2.2 Overview of the Uganda National LED Policy.......................................................4 2.3 Implementing LED in Uganda .......................................................................................6 2.4 Challenges of Implementing LED in Uganda .........................................................7 3.0 Methodology .........................................................................11 3.1 Sample Selection Considerations ................................................................................11 3.2 Data Collection Process ...................................................................................................11 3.3 Data Management and Analysis ................................................................................. 12 3.4 Quality Control Measures .............................................................................................. 12 3.5 Study Limitations ............................................................................................................. 12 4.0 Findings .................................................................................13 4.1 Synopsis of District Profiles .......................................................................................... 13 4.2 Local Government Authority, Capacity and Resources .................................. 15 4.2.1 Local Government Authority .............................................................................................................................................15 4.2.2 Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices on LED ................................................................................................16 4.2.3 Local Government Capacity and Resources ................................................................................................17 4.3 Roles and Responsibilities for Non-State Actors ............................................. 21 4.3.1 Relationships between Private Sector and Local Governments ..........................................22 4.3.2 Relationships between Civil Society Organisations and Local Governments .......23 4.3.3 Relationship between the Citizens and Local Government .......................................................24 4.3.4 Coordination Frameworks and Mechanisms ................................................................................................25 4.4 Local Development Programmes ............................................................................26 4.5 Local Economic Potential and its Constraints ................................................... 28 4.5.1 Economic Potential of Districts ....................................................................................................................................28 4.5.2 Constraints to Undertaking Economic Activities ......................................................................................31 iii | Assessing Capacities for Local Economic Development in Uganda 4.6 Inclusiveness of Local Development Programmes .........................................34 4.6.1 Inclusion of Women ..................................................................................................................................................................34 4.6.2 Inclusion of Youth ..........................................................................................................................................................................36 4.6.3 Inclusion of Persons with Disabilities ...................................................................................................................36 4.7 Refugee Livelihoods and Impact on LED ............................................................. 37 4.7.1 Refugee Livelihoods ...................................................................................................................................................................37 4.7.2 Refugees’ Access to Services .........................................................................................................................................39 4.8 Impact of Refugees on Host Communities .........................................................39 4.8.1 Economic Impact .........................................................................................................................................................................40 4.8.2 Social Impact .....................................................................................................................................................................................40 4.8.3 Environmental Impact ..............................................................................................................................................................41 5.0 Discussion ............................................................................. 43 5.1 Appropriateness of LED Initiatives .........................................................................43 5.2 National Development Planning Effects ..............................................................43 5.2.1 Local Government Development Plans ..............................................................................................................45 5.2.2 Fiscal Effects of LED ..................................................................................................................................................................46 5.2.3 Planning Modalities .....................................................................................................................................................................46 5.3 Role of Stakeholders in the Implementation of LED ..................................... 47 5.4 Implication of Refugee Communities on Implementation of LED Initiatives ...................................................................................................................48 6.0 Conclusion and Recommendations .................................50 6.1 Conclusion ..........................................................................................................................50 6.2 Recommendations .......................................................................................................... 52 6.2.1 Implementation of LED at the District and Municipal Council Levels ............................52 6.2.2 Local Economic Potentials and Business Opportunities .............................................................. 53 6.2.3 Integration of LED Policy with National Priorities ...................................................................................55 6.2.4 Inclusiveness of Local Economic Development Initiatives ..........................................................56 References ................................................................................... 57 Appendices ................................................................................. 59 Assessing Capacities for Local Economic Development in Uganda | iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This research was undertaken with the support of various stakeholders, whose contribution we do acknowledge. We are particularly grateful to the German International Cooperation (GIZ) for providing the financial and technical support towards the successful completion of this research. The publication of this report was made possible by funding from the William and Flora Hewlett Foundation to ACODE’s Centre for Budget and Economic Governance (CBEG). We