Crustacea: Decapoda: Caridea) from Hawai'f

A New Species of Crangonid Shrimp ofthe Genus Philocheras (Crustacea: Decapoda: Caridea) from Hawai'F

Tomoyuki KomaiZ

Abstract: Philocheras breviflagella, a new species of crangonid shrimp, is de­ scribed and illustrated on the basis of a single ovigerous female collected from O'ahu, Hawai'i, at subtidal depth. The new species is most similar to P. sabse­ chota (Kemp, 1911) known with certainty only from the Andaman Islands, east­ ern Indian Ocean. It differs from P. sabsechota in several features, including the much narrower rostrum, the unarmed second lateral carina of the carapace, and the truncate posterior margin ofthe uropodal exopod. Other differences include the shorter fingers (each with an elongate unguis) of the second pereopod, and medially notched posterodorsal margins of the second and fourth abdominal somites. The new species is the first representative of the genus found to occur in the central Pacific.

THE GENUS Philocheras Stebbing, 1900, is the During an ongoing study of Crangonidae most speciose among the Crangonidae, in­ in the Indo-Pacific, a small ovigerous speci­ cluding nearly 50 species worldwide (de Man men from O'ahu, Hawai'i, was made available 1920, Holthuis 1951, 1961, Yaldwyn 1960, for study by Dr. P. K L. Ng of the National 1971, Zarenkov 1968, Crosnier 1971, Fujino University of Singapore. Detailed examina­ and Miyake 1971, Dardeau 1980, Chace tion has shown that this specimen represents 1984, Wicksten 1989, Burukovsky 1990a,b, a distinct undescribed species of Philocheras. Bruce 1994, De Grave 2000, Kim and Hay­ Although only a single specimen was available ashi 2000). Although Kemp (1911) synony­ for examination, its distinctiveness has led me mized Philocheras with Pontophilus Leach, to describe it as a new species, P. breviflagella. 1817, the genus was revived on the basis of This new species represents the first record of the laterally unarmed rostrum, the absence of Philocheras in the central Pacific. a postorbital suture on the carapace, and the The holotype is deposited in the Raffles absence of an exopod on the first pereopod Museum of Biodiversity Research, National (Chace 1984). Christoffersen (1988) showed University of Singapore (ZRC). The abbrevia­ that Philocheras is a clade, characterized by tion "cl" indicates postorbital carapace one autapomorphy (the antennular stylocerite length. The drawings were made with the aid is transversely oblong) and one homoplasy of a drawing tube mounted on a stereo­ (the exopod is absent from the first pereo­ microscope (Leica MZ8). pod). Philocheras is well represented in the Indo-West Pacific by 19 species, but there TAXONOMIC ACCOUNT has been no record of the genus from the central Pacific, including Hawai'i. Philocheras breviflagella Komai, n. sp. Figures 1-3 MATERIAL EXAMINED: Holotype: Ala 1 Manuscript accepted 7 February 2001. Moana, O'ahu, Hawai'i, subtidal, 22 Decem­ 2 Natural History Museum and Institute, Chiba, 955-2 Aoba-cho, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8682, Japan ber 1999, colI. D. Takaoka, ovigerous female (E-mail: [email protected]). (cl 2.6 mm) (ZRC 2000.0369). DESCRIPTION: Body (Figure lA,B) robust, slightly flattened dorsoventrally. Integument Pacific Science (2001), vol. 55, no. 4:419-427 of carapace and abdomen microscopically © 2001 by University of Hawai'i Press pitted, with scattered short (curled) or long All rights reserved (plumose) setae.

419 420 PACIFIC SCIENCE· October 2001

Rostrum (Figure lA,E) reaching anterior pace, short, rather thick, anteriorly with margin of corneas of eyes, broad, constricted mesially curved hepatic spine; branchiostegal at midlength; anterior margin weakly con­ carina sharp, supporting branchiostegal spine, cave, its width 0.16 of carapace length; dorsal extending to level of hepatic spine, unarmed; surface deeply concave; lateral margins orbital margin strongly elevated; gastric re­ greatly elevated, unarmed, forming supra­ gion shallowly depressed on either side of orbital eave covering base of ocular peduncle; midline; antennal spine showing as broad anterolateral angle rounded; ventral margin triangular projection with blunt apex; bran­ weakly concave in lateral view. Carapace chiostegal spine moderately large, reaching (Figure lA,E) almost as long as wide, slightly anterior margin of cornea of eyes, directed broadened posteriorly; median carina extend­ slightly dorsally and mesially; pterygostomian ing from anterior 0.4 of carapace, becoming spine small, arising from ventromesial to base gradually obsolete in posterior 0.2, terminat­ of branchiostegal spine. ing anteriorly in moderately large gastric Thoracic sternum broad, elevated medi­ spine, dorsal margin weakly sinuous in lateral ally, with long median spine reaching coxae view; first (dorsolateral) carina extending of second pereopods. from anterior 0.2 to near posterolateral mar­ Abdomen (Figure lA,E) widest at second gin of carapace, somewhat convergent poste­ somite, abruptly becoming narrower at fourth riorly against midline, divided in two sections somite. First somite with distinct transverse by wide, shallow notch at about midlength carina along posterodorsal margin on tergum, of carina, anterior section distinct, posterior but without median carina; lateral longitudi­ section becoming blunt posteriorly; hepatic nal carina low, not in contact with transverse carina beginning from anterior 0.14 of cara- carina; pleuron rounded ventrally. Second so-

AS 1 mm

B

FIGURE 1. Philocheras breviflagella, n. sp. Holotype, ovigerous female from O'ahu, Hawai'i (el 2.6 mm; ZRC 2000.0369). A, Entire animal, lateral; B, same, dorsal; C, sixth abdominal somite and telson, dorsal, setae partially omitted. A New Species of Crangonid Shrimp of the Genus Philocheras . Komai 421

mite with two transverse carinae on tergum; timate segment shorter than broad, with posterodorsal margin with deep median anterodorsal margin slightly produced. Ulti­ notch; lateral carina broad, faint, in contact mate segment short, unarmed. Dorsal flagel­ with anterior transverse carina; pleuron with lum very short and stout, falling slightly short obtuse point on ventral margin. Third somite of distal margin of antennal scaphocerite, with distinct median carina running over en­ composed of six articles (distal three articles tire length; tergum with four low transverse with aesthetascs); ventral flagellum shorter carinae, anterior three carinae not in contact than dorsal flagellum, composed of four with either median or lateral carina, posteri­ articles. ormost carina marginal, in contact with both Antenna (Figures IA,B, 2B) with basicerite median and lateral carinae; lateral carinae stout, unarmed laterally. Scaphocerite 0.43 low, faint; pleuron with blunt angle on ventral times as long as carapace and 1.96 longer than margin. Fourth somite with low median ca­ broad; lateral margin slightly sinuous, un­ rina bearing faint pits or depressions; pos­ armed; distolateral tooth weakly curved me­ terodorsal margin with shallow, but distinct sially, reaching broadly rounded distal margin median notch; tergum and pleuron faintly of blade; mesial margin strongly convex. sculptured by transverse carinae; ventral Carpocerite weakly flattened dorsoventrally, margin of pleuron forming blunt angle pos­ slightly overreaching distal margin of sca­ teriorly. Fifth somite with low median carina, phocerite. Flagellum broken off. bifurcate posteriorly, anterior part with shal­ Mouthparts as usual in crangonids. Man­ low median sulcus; tergum with obliquely dible (Figure 2C) with five distal teeth in total transverse carina laterally; pleuron with short (three on external edge). Maxillule (Figure obliquely transverse (vertical) carinae later­ 2D) with proximal endite flattened, subovate, ally, ventral margin broadly rounded. Sixth with row of sparse long setae on mesial mar­ somite (Figure lA-C) with two low sub­ gin; distal endite with four spines on truncate median carinae, each produced beyond pos­ mesial margin. Maxilla (Figure 2E) with terodorsal margin as rounded lobe; lateral rudimentary endite bearing one long apical surface with row of scalelike setae along sub­ bristle; endopod curved mesially, tapering median carinae in posterior half; postero­ distally, with long plumose setae; posterior lateral process rounded; posteroventral angle lobe of scaphognathite not elongate, but with forming subacute tooth; ventral surface shal­ very long setae on posterior margin. First lowly concave, lacking preanal spine. Telson maxilliped (Figure 2F) lacking endites; endo­ (Figure IC) with broad median sulcus; dor­ pod flattened, with sparse row of long plu­ solateral ridges distinct in anterior 0.7 length mose setae on mesial margin; exopod with of telson, with two pairs of small, distally moderately narrow caridean lobe bearing row truncate spines (anterior pair arising from 0.4 of setae on lateral margin; exopodal flagel­ length of telson); posterior margin rounded, lum well developed; epipod well developed, with one pair of tiny, blunt posterolateral bilobed (broken during dissection). Second spines and two pairs of long plumose setae. maxilliped (Figure 2G) with three long Abdominal sternum unarmed medially. spines on mesial margin of dactylus; exopod Eye (Figure IA,B) partially covered by tapering distally, with well-developed fla­ orbit formed by rostrum and antennal spine gellum; epipod small, devoid of podobranch. of carapace; ocular peduncle short, slightly Third maxilliped (Figure JA,B) overreaching wider than cornea, with small, low tubercle distal margin of scaphocerite by half length dorsally and blunt protuberance on ventral of ultimate segment; antepenultimate seg­ face; cornea semispherical, lightly pigmented. ment flattened dorsoventrally in proximal Antennular peduncle (Figures IA,B, 2A) half, somewhat inflated dorsally in distal short, not reaching midlength of scaphocer­ half, with strongly sinuous mesial margin, un­ ite. Basal segment with deep fossa on dorsal armed distoventrally; distal two segments surface proximally; stylocerite laterally ob­ flattened dorsoventrally, with numerous trans­ long, lateral margin with blunt point. Penul- verse tracts of stiff setae and some long spini- FIGURE 2. Philocheras breviflagella, n. sp. Holotype, ovigerous female from O'ahu, Hawai'i (cl 2.6 mm; ZRC 2000.0369). Left appendages. A, Antennular flagella, dorsal; B, antennal scaphocerite, dorsal, setae omitted; C, mandible, external; D, maxillule, external; E, maxilla, external; F, first maxilliped, external, epipod broken during dissection; G, second maxilliped, external; H, first pleopod, dorsal, setae partially omitted; 1, second pleopod, dorsal, setae partially omitted. D

FIGURE 3. Philocheras Irreviflagella, n. sp. Holotype, ovigerous female from O'ahu, Hawai'i (el 2.6 mm; ZRC 2000.0369). Left thoracic appendages. A, Third maxilliped, lateral; B, same, distal two segments, dorsal, setae omitted; C, first pereopod, lateral; D, same, chela, dorsal; E, second pereopod, lateral; F, third pereopod, lateral; G, fourth pereopod, lateral; H, fifth pereopod, lateral. 424 PACIFIC SCIENCE· October 2001 form setae on mesial face; ultimate segment TABLE 1 longer than penultimate segment, gradually Philocheras breviflagella, n. sp. Gill Formula tapering distally, terminating in minute spi­ nule; exopod reaching 0.6 length of antepen­ Maxillipeds Pereopods ultimate segment, with well-developed flagellum. 2 2 4 5 First pereopod (Figure 3C,D) over­ Pleurobranchs + + + + + reaching distal margin ofscaphocerite by 0.25 Arthrobranch length of palm. Merus strongly compressed Podobranch laterally, with small dorsodistal spine; dorsal Epipods + + margin slightly convex; ventral margin sinu­ Exopods + + + ous, unarmed. Carpus short; lateral margin with small spine ventrally; ventromesial distal margin somewhat produced, with cluster of setae on dorsal surface, dorsodistal margin stiff grooming setae. Palm cylindrical in prox­ not produced. Propodus 1.49 times longer imal 0.3, becoming flatter and narrower than carpus, with numerous long simple setae distally; lateral and mesial outline slightly on dorsal surface and shorter setae on ventral sinuous in dorsal view; cutting edge strongly surface. Dactylus slightly compressed later­ oblique, bordered by thin plate bearing row ally, 0.65 times as long as propodus, termi­ of marginal setae and of submarginal setae nating in slender, basally constricted unguis. ventrally; fixed finger moderately stout. Dac­ Fifth pereopod (Figure 3H) similar to tylus weakly curved, not overreaching base of fourth in general structure, but shorter and fixed finger when closed. Exopod absent. less setose, overreaching anterolateral margin Second pereopod (Figure 3E) much of carapace by half length of dactylus. Dac­ shorter than first pereopod, overreaching tylus 0.72 times as long as propodus. anterolateral margin of carapace by length Gill formula summarized in Table 1. offingers. Coxa partially fused with sternum. Ventral apices of pleurobranchs directed Basis without dorsal process. Ischium slightly posteriorly. shorter than merus. Merus narrowed distally, First pleopod (Figure 2H) with endopod with sparse plumose setae on dorsal and articulated at dorsodistal mesial angle of pro­ ventral margins. Carpus shorter than merus. topod, 0.45 times as long as exopod, some­ Chela 0.9 times as long as carpus (excepting what sinuous and paddle-shaped, with long distal unguis of fingers), with sparse long plumose setae on mesial margin. Endopods of setae; fixed finger shorter than dactylus, second to fifth pleopods without appendix with elongate distal unguis longer than fixed interna (Figure 21), becoming shorter poste­ finger. Dactylus equal in length to palm, riorly (endopod of fifth pleopod rudimen­ with long unguis as long as dactylus. tary). Uropod (Figure lA) with both rami not Third pereopod (Figure 3F) slender, over­ reaching posterior margin of telson; exopod reaching scaphocerite by length of dactylus distinctly shorter than endopod, truncate and propodus. Ischium longer than merus. posteriorly, unarmed posterolaterally, lacking Carpus 1.4 times longer than merus. Propo­ diaeresis; endopod tapering to rounded pos­ dus 0.7 times as long as carpus, tapering dis­ terior margin. tally. Dactylus 0.54 times as long as carpus; COLOR IN LIFE (from color slides provided distal unguis extremely slender, needlelike, by P. K. L. Ng): Body and appendages gen­ 0.6 times as long as dactylus. erally white; carapace with black chromato­ Fourth pereopod (Figure 3G) reaching phores along anterolateral and posterodorsal scaphocerite by tip of dactylus. Ischium and margins and on posterior part of branchial merus with long plumose setae on dorsal and region. Abdomen with distinct band of black shorter simple setae on ventral surfaces, me­ covering pleuron of third, entire fourth, and rus slightly longer than ischium. Carpus 0.63 anterior part of fifth somites. Telson and times as long as merus, with few long simple uropods with black band at about midlength. A New Species of Crangonid Shrimp of the Genus Philocheras . Komai 425

Antennal basicerite with black chromato­ but they are about twice the length of the phores. Pereopods with few scattered black palm and lack elongate unguis in P. sabsechota. chromatophores. Protopods of first to fifth The ischium of the second pereopod is pleopods with tinge of dark brown. slightly shorter than the merus in the new DISTRIBUTION: Known only from O'ahu, species, but it is unusually short in P. sabse­ Hawai'i; at subtidal depth. chota. In the new species, the exopod of the REMARKS: This new species can be dis­ uropod is shorter than the endopod and its tinguished from all known congeners, except distal margin is truncate, without a postero­ P. sabsechota (Kemp, 1911) known with cer­ lateral tooth. In contrast, in P. sabsechota the tainty only from the Andaman Islands (Kemp exopod of the uropod is longer than the en­ 1911, 1916), by the following characters: the dopod and its posterior margin rounded, with antennal scaphocerite is unarmed on the lat­ an acute posterolateral tooth. eral margin, except for the dorsolateral tooth; As already mentioned, specimens from and the outer antennular flagellum is very Madagascar referred to P. sabsechota by Le­ short, composed of only six articles. Ledoyer doyer (1970) appear very similar to this new (1970) reported P. sabsechota (as Pontophilus) species in the features of the carapace, telson, from Madagascar, but his material appears and uropod, according to the provided figures rather similar to this new species than to the (Ledoyer 1970: pI. 21). Unfortunately, Le­ true P. sabsechota (see below). The following doyer's specimens could not be located. Nev­ features indicate the affinity between the new ertheless, the following differences can be species and P. sabsechota: the rostrum is broad, detected in comparison with the figures pro­ constricted at the middle, with a slightly vided by Ledoyer (1970). The median spine concave anterior margin in the dorsal view; on the carapace arises mOre anteriorly in the carapace is armed with only one median P. breviflagella than in Ledoyer's specimens. spine (= gastric spine); the third abdominal The hepatic carina does not extend to the somite has a distinct median carina. Never­ posterior half of the carapace in the new spe­ theless, comparison with the original and cies, but it extends beyond the posterior 0.25 subsequent descriptions of P. sabsechota by in the Madagascan specimens. The hepatic Kemp (1911, 1916) revealed that there are spine arises anterior to the level ofthe median many characters separating these two species. tooth in P. breviflagella, but it arises from the The rostrum is much narrower in P. brevi­ same level as the median spine in Ledoyer's flagella than in P. sabsechota: the width of the specimens. The antennal scaphocerite is anterior margin is 0.16 of the carapace length much broader in the new species than in the in the new species, 0.47 in P. sabsechota. The Madagascan specimens; its lateral margin is dorsolateral carina on the carapace is divided slightly sinuous in P. breviflagella, rather than into two sections in the two species, but the weakly convex as in the Madagascan speci­ anterior end of the posterior section forms a mens. If these features are true for the blunt tooth in P. sabsechota, in contrast to not Madagascan specimens, they represent an forming even a light angle in P. breviflagella. undescribed species. It is strongly recom­ The hepatic carina is short and unarmed mended that Ledoyer's material and addi­ posterior to the hepatic spine in the new spe­ tional specimens be examined to establish cies, but the carina extends nearly to the pos­ the taxonomic status of the Madagascan terior margin of the carapace and bears an population. additional tooth posterior to the hepatic spine Devaney and Bruce (1987) reported Pon­ in P. sabsechota. The posterodorsal margins of tophilus sp. aff. sabsechota from Enewetak Atoll, the second and fourth somites each have a Marshall Islands, based on a single specimen distinct median notch in the new species, but (Madren Islet, lagoon side, 3.5-6 m, sand they are devoid of a median notch in P. sab­ bottom, dredge, VII.1959, colI. F. C. Zie­ sechota. The fingers of the second pereopod senhenne). This female specimen is now de­ are subequal in length to the palm and each posited in the collection of the Los Angeles bears an elongate unguis in P. breviflagella, County Museum (LACM CR 19592971) and 426 PACIFIC SCIENCE· October 2001 has been made available for examination. The Thanks are extended to S. De Grave of the affinity between the new species and P. sabse­ Department of Zoology, University College chota and proximity of the collecting locality Cork, National University of Ireland, for initially led me to suspect that the specimen reviewing the manuscript, offering valuable from Enewetak Atoll might represent the comments, and providing me with some lit­ same species as P. breviflagella. However, it erature and to G. Davis of the Los Angeles differs from the Hawaiian specimen in having County Museum for sending me the speci­ a more robust body and sharply crested, dis­ men of Philocheras sp. aff. sabsechota on loan. tinctly notched lateral carinae on the cara­ pace. I am confident that the specimen from Enewetak Atoll represents an undescribed Literature Cited species. That species will be described in a separate paper. Bruce, A. J. 1994. Shrimps from Flat-top The distally truncate dorsolateral spines Bank, Timor Sea (Crustacea: Decapoda: on the telson may be unusual among the Caridea). RafHes Bull. Zoo1. 42:743-756. species of the genus. A similar condition is so Burukovsky, R. N. 1990a. New and rare spe­ far known only for P. wilkinsae De Grave, cies ofshrimps from the south-west part of 2000. In addition, Ledoyer (1970) illustrated the Indian Ocean. Zoo1. Zh. 70:36-41 (in distally truncate dorsolateral spines on the Russian with English summary). telson in the Madagascan specimen of P. sab­ --. 1990b. Shrimps from the Sala-y­ sechota, but he did not provide any comment Gomez and Nazca Ridges. Trudy Inst. on those spines. Okeano1. Akad. Nauk SSSR 124:187-217 Although the eggs were not preserved in (in Russian with English summary). the specimen when examined, the color slide Chace, F. A, Jr. 1984. The caridean shrimps provided by P. K L. Ng shows that the (Crustacea: Decapoda) of the Albatross specimen carried four large eggs. Philippine Expedition, 1907-1910, Part 2: This new species represents the first oc­ Families Glyphocrangonidae and Crango­ currence of Philocheras in the central Pacific. nidae. Smithson. Contrib. Zoo1. 397:i-vi, As discussed by Chace (1984), Philocheras is 1-63. well represented in the Indo-West Pacific, Christoffersen, M. L. 1988. Genealogy and South Pacific, and eastern Atlantic, including phylogenetic classification of the world the Mediterranean. On the other hand, it is Crangonidae (Crustacea, Caridea), with a poorly represented in the eastern Pacific (one new species and new records for the south species) and western Atlantic (two species), western Atlantic. Rev. Nordestina BioI. though the regions have been actively sur­ 6:43-59. veyed. Although shrimps ofthis genus may be Crosnier, A 1971. Sur quelques Crustaces easily overlooked in the field because of their Decapodes ouest-africains nouveaux ou small size and cryptic habitat, future study rarement signales. Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. will probably reveal the existence of many Nat., 3e ser., Zoo1. 9:569-595. unknown forms from the world's oceans. Dardeau, M. 1980. A new species of Ponto­ ETYMOLOGY: Named from the Latin bre­ philus (Crustacea: Natantia: Crangonidae) vis (short) and flagella, in reference to the very from the Gulf of Mexico and the western short antennular flagella in this species. The Atlantic. Proc. BioI. Soc. Wash. 93:563­ name is considered a noun in apposition. 572. De Grave, S. 2000. A new Philocheras species (Decapoda, Crangonidae) from Hansa Bay, ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Papua New Guinea. Hydrobiologia 432: I am grateful to P. K L. Ng of the RafHes 49-56. Museum of Biodiversity Research, National Devaney, D. M., and A J. Bruce. 1987. University of Singapore, for making this Crustacea Decapoda (Peneaidea, Sten­ interesting specimen available for study. opodidea, Caridea, and Palinura) of Ene- A New Species of Crangonid Shrimp of the Genus Philocheras . Kom.ai 427

wetak Atoll. Pages 221-233 in D. M. De­ Ledoyer, M. 1970. Etude systematique et vaney, E. S. Reese, B. L. Burch, and P. remarques ecologiques sur les Caridea Helfrich, eds. The natural history of Ene­ recueillis principalement dans les biotopes wetak Atoll. Vol. 2. U.S. Department of de substrat meuble regions de Tulear et de Energy, Office of Scientific and Technical Nosy-Be. Ann. Dniv. Madag. 7:121-157, Information, Oak Ridge, Tennessee. pIs. 1-25. Fujino, T., and S. Miyake. 1971. Descriptions Man, J G. de. 1920. The Decapoda of the of two new crangonid shrimps ofthe genus Siboga Expedition. IV: Families Pasiphaei­ Pontophilus from Japanese waters (Crusta­ dae, Stylodactylidae, Hoplophoridae, Nem­ cea, Decapoda, Crangonidae). Proc. Jpn. atocarcinidae, Thalasocaridae, Pandalidae, Soc. Syst. Zool. 7:26-38. Psalidopodidae, Gnathophyllidae, Pro­ Holthuis, L. B. 1951. The caridean Crustacea cessidae, Glyphocrangonidae, and Crango­ of tropical West Africa. Atl. Rep. 2:7-187. nidae. Siboga Exped. 39a3:1-318, pIs. 1-25. ---. 1961. Report on a collection of Crus­ Stebbing, T. R. R. 1900. South African Crus­ tacea Decapoda and Stomatopoda from tacea, Part 1. Mar. Invest. S. Afr. 4:21-123, Turkey and Balkans. Zool. Verh. (Leiden) pIs. 17-26. 47:1-67, pIs. 1,2. Wicksten, M. K. 1989. Synalpheus arostris and Kemp, S. 1911. Notes on Decapoda in the Philocheras lapillus, two new species of car­ Indian Museum. II: Descriptions of two idean shrimp (Crustacea) from the tropical new Crangonidae with observations on the eastern Pacific. Proc. BioI. Soc. Wash mutual affinities of the genera Pontophilus 102:78-83. and Philocheras. Rec. Indian Mus. (Cal­ Yaldwyn, J C. 1960. Biological results of cutta) 6:5-12, pI. 2. the Chatham Islands 1954 Expedition, 1. ---. 1916. Notes on Crustacea Decapoda Crustacea Decapoda Natantia from the in the Indian Museum. VI. Indian Cran­ Chatham Rise; a deep water bottom fauna gonidae. Rec. Indian Mus. (Calcutta) from New Zealand. N. Z. Dep. Sci. Ind. 12:355-384, pI. 8. Res. Bull. 139:12-53 (plus index of 3 un­ Kim, J-N., and K.-I. Hayashi. 2000. Two numbered pages). new shrimps of the genus Philocheras ---. 1971. Preliminary descriptions of (Decapoda, Caridea, Crangonidae) from a new genus and twelve new species of East Asian waters. J Crustacean BioI. natant decapod Crustacea from New 20:687-698. Zealand. Rec. Dom. Mus. (Wellington) Leach, W. E. 1817. Malacostraca Podoph­ 7:85-94. thalma Britanniae; or descriptions of the Zarenkov, N. A. 1968. Crustacea Decapoda British species of crabs, lobsters, prawns, collected by the Soviet Antarctic Expedi­ and of other Malacostraca with peduncu­ tion in the Antarctic and antiboreal re­ lated eyes, Part XV. Arding and Merrett, gions. Issled. Fauny Morei SSSR 4:153­ London [not seen]. 199 (in Russian).