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Universitas Indonesia Dampak Perubahan Sistem UNIVERSITAS INDONESIA DAMPAK PERUBAHAN SISTEM PEMERINTAHAN DAN GLOBALISASI DI RUSIA TERHADAP MODIFIKASI MATRYOSHKA SEBAGAI BENTUK RUSIFIKASI SKRIPSI DARIYAH NPM 0606089945 FAKULTAS ILMU PENGETAHUAN BUDAYA PROGRAM STUDI RUSIA DEPOK JULI 2010 Dampak perubahan..., Dariyah, FIB UI, 2010 UNIVERSITAS INDONESIA DAMPAK PERUBAHAN SISTEM PEMERINTAHAN DAN GLOBALISASI DI RUSIA TERHADAP MODIFIKASI MATRYOSHKA SEBAGAI BENTUK RUSIFIKASI SKRIPSI Diajukan sebagai salah satu syarat mendapatkan gelar sarjana humaniora DARIYAH NPM 0606089945 FAKULTAS ILMU PENGETAHUAN BUDAYA PROGRAM STUDI RUSIA DEPOK JULI 2010 ii Dampak perubahan..., Dariyah, FIB UI, 2010 SURAT PERNYATAAN BEBAS PLAGIARISME Penulis yang bertanda tangan di bawah ini dengan sebenarnya menyatakan bahwa Skripsi ini Penulis susun tanpa tindakan plagiarisme sesuai dengan peraturan yang berlaku di Universitas Indonesia. Jika di kemudian hari ternyata Penulis melakukan tindakan Plagiarisme, Penulis akan bertanggung jawab sepenuhnya dan menerima sanksi yang dijatuhkan oleh Universitas Indonesia kepada Penulis. Depok, 7 Juli 2010 Dariyah iii Dampak perubahan..., Dariyah, FIB UI, 2010 HALAMAN PERNYATAAN ORISINALITAS Skripsi/Tesis/Disertasi ini adalah hasil karya Penulis sendiri, dan semua sumber baik yang dikutip maupun dirujuk telah Penulis nyatakan dengan benar. Nama : Dariyah NPM : 0606089945 Tanda Tangan : Tanggal : 7 Juli 2010 iv Dampak perubahan..., Dariyah, FIB UI, 2010 Dampak perubahan..., Dariyah, FIB UI, 2010 KATA PENGANTAR/UCAPAN TERIMA KASIH Puji syukur Penulis panjatkan kepada Tuhan Yang Maha Esa karena atas berkat dan rahmat-Nya, Penulis dapat menyelesaikan skripsi ini. Penulisan skripsi ini dilakukan dalam rangka memenuhi salah satu syarat untuk mencapai gelar Sarjana Humaniora pada Fakultas Ilmu Pengetahuan Budaya Universitas Indonesia. Penulis menyadari bahwa, tanpa bantuan, bimbingan, dan dorongan dari berbagai pihak, dari masa perkuliahan sampai pada penyusunan skripsi ini, sangatlah sulit bagi Penulis untuk menyelesaikan skripsi ini. Oleh karena itu, Penulis mengucapkan terima kasih kepada: 1) Ibu Mina Elfira, Ph.D selaku dosen pembimbing yang telah menyediakan waktu, tenaga, dan pikiran untuk mengarahkan dan tak henti-hentinya menyemangati Penulis dalam penyusunan skripsi ini; 2) Bapak Ahmad Fahrurodji M.A, selaku pembaca dan penguji telah meluangkan waktunya untuk membaca dan memberikan kritik serta saran yang membangun. 3) Ibu Thera Widyastuti, M. A. selaku pembimbing akademik yang selalu membantu Penulis menyusun rencana perkuliahan, khususnya skripsi semester ini; 4) Segenap dosen Program Studi Sastra Rusia: Bapak Dr. Zeffry Alkatiri, Ibu Prof. Dr. N. Jenny MT Hardjatno, Ibu Sari Endahwarni M.A, Bapak Mohammad Nasir Latief, M.A., Bapak Ahmad Sujai M.A, Bapak Banggas Limbong M.Hum, Ibu Nia Kurnia Sofiah M. App. Ling., Bapak Fadli Zon, Kak Sari Gumilang S. Hum, Pak Reynaldo de Archellie S. Hum, Bapak Hendra Kaprisma S. Hum, Pak Abuzar Rouskhanfikri S. Hum yang telah membagi ilmunya kepada Penulis. Selain itu, khusus kepada Bapak (alm.) Dr. Singkop Boas Boangmanalu atas motivasinya yang dapat meyakinkan Penulis akan setiap pilihan dalam hidup ini; 5) Emak Penulis (Paijah) yang mau bersabar dan memberi ridha kepada Penulis untuk kuliah sampai menyelesaikan skripsi ini, serta dukungannya baik moril mau pun materiil. Saudara dan kerabat Penulis yang turut mendoakan kelancaran penulisan skripsi ini; vi Dampak perubahan..., Dariyah, FIB UI, 2010 6) Keluarga besar (alm.) Abdul Sukur dan Ibu yang merawat Penulis sejak kecil bersama emak. Mas Hari dan mbak Yayak beserta anak (Dita dan Bagas) atas dukungan dan layanan internet 24 jam-nya. Mas Joy dan mbak Ola beserta anak (Gilang, Tegas, dan Bagus) terima kasih atas hiburan dan dukungannya; 7) Mbak Tatyana. Terima kasih banyak telah menyediakan waktu mencarikan buku Matryoshka: Russkiy Suvenir untuk Penulis saat di Rusia. Tanpa buku tersebut, penulisan skripsi ini tidak dapat terselesaikan; 8) Saudara-saudari (Товарищи /Tovarišči/) prodi Rusia angkatan 2006: Mare, Darto (FE UI), Allan, Romika, Dwi Wulandari (PNJ), Hyun, Te-i, Anggi, Dewi, Hoba, Adis, Vidi, Jena, Keiko, Tika, Wendy. Terima kasih atas kerjasama, dukungan, dan persaudaraan yang kita bina selama ini. Selain itu, terima kasih Penulis ucapkan kepada angkatan 2005, Rieke, Ewa, Bia, Niko, Deni, dan teman-teman; 9) Anggota Ikasslav baik yang masih mahasiswa mau pun alumni, mahasiswa Prodi Rusia angkatan 2009,2008,2007, teman-teman FIB lainnya yang terlalu banyak untuk disebutkan satu persatu. Terima kasih telah menyemangati Penulis; 10) Nurul, Puji, Eva yang selalu menjadi pendengar yang baik. Mega, Beta, Ayu, Fifi, Wanche, serta Alumni SMK. N 20 Jakarta angkatan 2006, yang selalu mendukung Penulis. Tak lupa rasa terima kasih yang sebesar- besarnya kepada kakak Ina atas segalanya. Terima kasih juga untuk Santi, Omeh, Leha, Siwi, dan Tuti yang selalu mendoakan hal-hal baik untuk Penulis; 11) Pak Eko Yugo (Field Manager), mbak Nunuk (Koordinator), teh Euis, mbak Dede, mbak Maria, Tri, Jerry, mbak Poppy, mbak Ani, mbak Irny, dan teman-teman karyawan PT. Deka Megah Rani yang tak dapat disebutkan satu persatu, terima kasih atas kesempatan, kerja sama, doa, dan pengertian kalian; vii Dampak perubahan..., Dariyah, FIB UI, 2010 12) Dan masih banyak pihak yang tidak kurang baiknya terhadap penulis yang belum disebutkan namanya satu persatu. Akhir kata, Penulis berharap Tuhan Yang Maha Esa berkenan membalas segala kebaikan semua pihak yang telah membantu. Semoga skripsi ini membawa manfaat bagi pengembangan ilmu. Depok, 7 Juli 2010 Penulis viii Dampak perubahan..., Dariyah, FIB UI, 2010 Dampak perubahan..., Dariyah, FIB UI, 2010 DAFTAR ISI HALAMAN JUDUL ………………………………………………………… ii SURAT PERNYATAAN BEBAS PLAGIARISME ……………………… iii HALAMAN PERNYATAAN ORISINALITAS ….………………………… iv LEMBAR PENGESAHAN ……………….…………………………………. v KATA PENGANTAR……………….……………………………………….. vi LEMBAR PERSETUJUAN PUBLIKASI KARYA ILMIAH ………………. ix ABSTRAK …………………….……………………………....................... x ABSTRACT ………….……………………..……………………………… xi DAFTAR ISI …………………….………………………………………….. xii DAFTAR GAMBAR ………………….……………………………………... xiii DAFTAR TABEL ………………….………………………………………… xiii DAFTAR DIAGRAM …….………………………………………………… xiii BAB 1 PENDAHULUAN …………………………………………………. 1 1.1 Latar Belakang ………………………………………………………. 1 1.2 Permasalahan ………………………………………………………….. 4 1.3 Tujuan Penulisan ………..……………………………………………. 4 1.4 Metode Penelitian ……………..……………………………………. 4 1.5 Landasan Teori ……..………………………………………………… 4 1.6 Sumber Data ………………………………………………………… 6 1.7 Sistematika Penulisan ……………………………………………….. 7 BAB 2 GLOBALISASI DI RUSIA ………………………….…………….. 8 2.1 Faktor Pendorong Globalisasi di Rusia ………………………………. 8 2.1.1 Bentuk Pemerintahan dan Politik di Rusia ……………………. 8 2.1.2 Kebijakan Ekonomi …………………………………………… 11 2.1.3 Kebijakan Luar Negeri ……………………………………….. 13 2.2 Globalisasi Dalam Sektor Pariwisata di Rusia ……………………….. 13 2.3 Globalisasi Ekonomi di Rusia ……………………………………….. 18 2.3.1 Globalisasi Kebudayaan ………………..……………………… 19 BAB 3 ANALISIS MODIFIKASI MATRYOSHKA SEBAGAI BENTUK RUSIFIKASI ……………………………………………………………….. 22 3.1 Matryoshka sebagai Produk Industri Budaya ......................................... 22 3.2 Dampak Globalisasi terhadap Modifikasi Motif Matryoshka .............. 28 3.2.1 Tahap Glokalisasi pada Modifikasi Motif Matryoshka ....... 29 3.2.2 Tahap Grobalisasi pada Modifikasi Motif Matryoshka …… 43 3.2 Dampak Perubahan Sistem terhadap Modifikasi Motif Matryoshka .... 46 BAB IV KESIMPULAN …………………………………..………………. 48 DAFTAR REFERENSI ……………………………………………………. 50 LAMPIRAN ……………………………………………………. 55 xii Dampak perubahan..., Dariyah, FIB UI, 2010 DAFTAR GAMBAR Gambar 3.1 Matryoshka Pedagang Suvenir ………………………………… 22 Gambar 3.2 Matryoshka Gantungan Kunci Matryoshka ………….………… 23 Gambar 3.3 Matryoshka Matryoshka sebagai Alat Dapur …………………… 24 Gambar 3.4 Matryoshka Babushkups …………………..…………………… 25 Gambar 3.5 Matryoshka USB …………………………..…………………… 26 Gambar 3.6 Matryoshka Botol Parfum Kenzo Bentuk matryoshka………….. 27 Gambar 3.7 Matryoshka Patung Fukuruma dan Matryoshka Pertam………… 30 Gambar 3.8 Matryoshka Putin ……………………………………………… 31 Gambar 3.9 Matryoshka Cheburashka …………………………………….. 31 Gambar 3.10 Matryoshka Obama …………………………………………. 33 Gambar 3.11 Matryoshka Bill Clinton dan Monica’s Story …………………. 34 Gambar 3.12 Matryoshka Osama bin Laden ………………..………………. 35 Gambar 3.13 Matryoshka The Beatles ……………………..……………….. 35 Gambar 3.14 Matryoshka Lakers dan Bulls ………………….…………….. 36 Gambar 3.15 Matryoshka Desain matryoshka Vogue ………………………. 36 Gambar 3.16 Matryoshka Tokoh Politik Rusia dan Amerika ………………. 38 Gambar 3.17 Matryoshka Mickey Mouse …………………………..………. 39 Gambar 3.18 Matryoshka Winnie The Pooh ……………………………..… 41 Gambar 3.19 Matryoshka Ghzel ………….……………………………..… 41 Gambar 3.20 Matryoshka dalam Festival Musim Dingin Rusia di London .... 43 Gambar 3.21 Museum matryoshka di Cina …………………………………. 44 Gambar 3.22 Iklan Tropicana Slim ’Dukungan Keluarga’…………………… 45 DAFTAR TABEL Tabel 2.1 Kedatangan Turis Asing dan Pemasukan Negara dari Transportasi dan Perjalanan .......................................................………………….. 11 Tabel 2.2 Jumlah Kedatangan Turis Asing ke Rusia selama 9 Bulan ………… 17 DAFTAR DIAGRAM Diagram 1 Proses Globalisasi ……………………………………………… 28 xiii Dampak perubahan..., Dariyah, FIB UI, 2010 ABSTRAK Nama : Dariyah Program Studi : Rusia Judul : Dampak Perubahan Sistem Pemerintahan dan Globalisasi di Rusia Terhadap Modifikasi Matryoshka Sebagai Bentuk Rusifikasi Skripsi ini membahas tentang dampak globalisasi terhadap modifikasi matryoshka sebagai bentuk rusifikasi.
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