Local Biodiversity Action Plan
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Infrastructure Delivery Plan
Tunbridge Wells Borough Council Infrastructure Delivery Plan March 2021 1.0 Introduction .................................................................................................................... 1 2.0 Background and Policy Context ..................................................................................... 2 National Policy ...................................................................................................................... 2 Local Policy .......................................................................................................................... 3 Local Plan policy context and strategy for growth ................................................................ 4 Policy STR 1 - The Development Strategy .............................................................................. 6 What is infrastructure? ......................................................................................................... 8 Engagement ....................................................................................................................... 10 Prioritisation of infrastructure .............................................................................................. 11 Identified risks .................................................................................................................... 12 Timing ................................................................................................................................ 12 Costs ................................................................................................................................. -
An Analytical Survey of Dry Hill Camp
1 An analytical survey of Dry Hill Camp Parish: Dormansland District: Tandridge County: Surrey NGR: TQ 4320 4175 Monument No: 407284 Date of Survey: 2011-2013 Report author: Judie English MCIfA, PhD, FSA April 2020 2 Contents Geology, topography and present land use 3 Historical and Archaeological Background 3 The Survey 12 The Hillfort 12 The surrounding fields 29 The northern field 29 The southern field 31 The south-western field 33 Iron slag and ‘Cyrena’ limestone from excavations by Winbolt and Margary (1933) 33 Discussion 34 Acknowledgements 39 References 39 Distribution 41 3 Geology, topography and present land use Dry Hill Camp (TQ 4320 4175; Monument Number 407284; HER 1269; Pastscape URL http://www.pastscape.org.uk/hob.aspx?hob id=407284) is a large enclosure of probable Iron Age date, set at 170m OD and looking across the Eden/Medway Valley to the northern portion of the Low Weald and North Downs. It is multi-vallate with an enclosed area of c.10ha and lies just within Surrey, close to the present county boundary with Kent, and with that of East Sussex about 1 mile to the south (figure 1). The hill is at the end of a ridge of Ardingley Sandstone with Grinstead Clay to the north-west and Wadhurst Clay to the south-east. Grinstead, Wadhurst and Weald Clay all contain bands of clay ironstone potentially available for iron production. Also found in Weald Clay are thin (5cm) bands of ‘Cyrena’ limestone, a fossiliferous stone formed and deposited in deep-water conditions during the Cretaceous period. -
A Literature Review of Urban Effects on Lowland Heaths and Their Wildlife
Report Number 623 A literature review of urban effects on lowland heaths and their wildlife English Nature Research Reports working today for nature tomorrow English Nature Research Reports Number 623 A literature review of urban effects on lowland heaths and their wildlife J C Underhill-Day RSPB, Syldata Arne, Wareham Dorset BH20 5BJ Telephone: 01929 550969 email: [email protected] You may reproduce as many additional copies of this report as you like, provided such copies stipulate that copyright remains with English Nature, Northminster House, Peterborough PE1 1UA ISSN 0967-876X © Copyright English Nature 2005 Executive summary Introduction Heather clad lowland heath developed on light, freely draining, acid soils following prehistoric woodland clearance, and down the centuries, has been kept open by grazing, burning and cutting. As the economic value of these uses declined, considerable areas of heath were lost to agriculture, forestry, housing, roads, mineral working and other uses, and today, much of what is left is adjacent to built up areas, especially in Dorset. These lowland heathland fragments can be found across much of southern England on suitable soils. Much of the research on heathlands over the last twenty years has concentrated on the Dorset heaths, which are now almost all SSSIs and mostly within the Dorset Heathland SPA. While this report reflects the bias in the literature towards work in Dorset, the results have wide applicability to urban heathlands that are accessed by the surrounding urban populations for amenity and recreation whether in Dorset or elsewhere. This urban public access places considerable pressures on the heaths, for example through disturbance, wild fires, trampling, predation by domestic pets, pollution and enrichment. -
See Biodiversity Evidence Base For
Tunbridge Wells Borough Biodiversity Evidence Base for Draft Local Plan – Regulation 18 Consultation September 2019 Table of Contents 1. Introduction ....................................................................................................................... 1 Part 1 Habitats and Species in Tunbridge Wells borough ...................................................... 2 Designated Areas .............................................................................................................. 2 Sites of Special Scientific Interest Condition .................................................................. 4 Local Wildlife Sites in positive management ................................................................... 4 2. Land use and habitats ................................................................................................... 6 Broad Habitats ............................................................................................................... 8 Semi-natural Habitats................................................................................................... 10 Biodiversity Opportunity Areas and B-Lines ................................................................. 16 3. Species of Principal Importance for conserving Biodiversity ........................................ 20 Appendix 1 – Habitat Types ............................................................................................. 21 Appendix 2 Section 41 species recorded in Tunbridge Wells .......................................... -
Tunbridge Wells and Rusthall Commons Management Plan As
Tunbridge Wells and Rusthall Commons Management Plan As adopted by the Conservators on 23 March 2017 Contents 1. Executive summary 2. Introduction – the Commons, the Conservators, purpose of plan 3. Rocks 4. Ponds 5. Grassland and wood pasture 6. Heathland 7. Woodland edges, glades and rides 8. Trees 9. Public amenity – grass mowing, paths, ditches, seats and litter bins 10. Dealing with problems – littering and damage, encroachment, danger to the public 11. Summary of monitoring recommendations 12. Appendices, references and further information 1 1. Executive summary Background 1.1 The current Commons management plan was adopted in 2005. At the Conservators’ December 2015 meeting it was agreed that the Freehold Tenants should work with the Warden toward a new ten- year management plan, beginning by commissioning expert advice on: habitats and species conservation; ponds and wetlands; rock outcrops; and trees and woodland preservation and management. A series of expert reviews was carried out over the summer of 2016, as follows: • Habitat management, focusing on grassland and heathland – the Kent High Weald Partnership • Trees - The Living Forest • Rocks – Freehold Tenants with guidance from Natural England • Ponds – Calumma Ecological Services 1.2 The experts commented favourably from a conservation/ecological perspective on the Commons management regime, and did not suggest any radical change to current practice. They offered several improvement recommendations for consideration, most of which have resource implications. These were summarised in an interim report to the Conservators in September and a draft final report in December 2016 together with a summary of the projects to be funded by the Freehold Tenants and the Friends in 2017. -
Kentish Weald
LITTLE CHART PLUCKLEY BRENCHLEY 1639 1626 240 ACRES (ADDITIONS OF /763,1767 680 ACRES 8 /798 OMITTED) APPLEDORE 1628 556 ACRES FIELD PATTERNS IN THE KENTISH WEALD UI LC u nmappad HORSMONDEN. NORTH LAMBERHURST AND WEST GOUDHURST 1675 1175 ACRES SUTTON VALENCE 119 ACRES c1650 WEST PECKHAM &HADLOW 1621 c400 ACRES • F. II. 'educed from orivinals on va-i us scalP5( 7 k0. U 1I IP 3;17 1('r 2; U I2r/P 42*U T 1C/P I;U 27VP 1; 1 /7p T ) . mhe form-1 re re cc&— t'on of woodl and blockc ha c been sta dardised;the trees alotw the field marr'ns hie been exactly conieda-3 on the 7o-cc..onen mar ar mar1n'ts;(1) on Vh c. c'utton vPlence map is a divided fi cld cP11 (-1 in thP ace unt 'five pieces of 1Pnii. THE WALDEN LANDSCAPE IN THE EARLY SEVENTEENTH CENTERS AND ITS ANTECELENTS Thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the University of London by John Louis Mnkk Gulley 1960 ABSTRACT This study attempts to describe the historical geography of a confined region, the Weald, before 1650 on the basis of factual research; it is also a methodological experiment, since the results are organised in a consistently retrospective sequence. After defining the region and surveying its regional geography at the beginning of the seventeenth century, the antecedents and origins of various elements in the landscape-woodlands, parks, settlement and field patterns, industry and towns - are sought by retrospective enquiry. At two stages in this sequence the regional geography at a particular period (the early fourteenth century, 1086) is , outlined, so that the interconnections between the different elements in the region should not be forgotten. -
Landscape Assessment of Kent 2004
CHILHAM: STOUR VALLEY Location map: CHILHAMCHARACTER AREA DESCRIPTION North of Bilting, the Stour Valley becomes increasingly enclosed. The rolling sides of the valley support large arable fields in the east, while sweeps of parkland belonging to Godmersham Park and Chilham Castle cover most of the western slopes. On either side of the valley, dense woodland dominate the skyline and a number of substantial shaws and plantations on the lower slopes reflect the importance of game cover in this area. On the valley bottom, the river is picked out in places by waterside alders and occasional willows. The railway line is obscured for much of its length by trees. STOUR VALLEY Chilham lies within the larger character area of the Stour Valley within the Kent Downs AONB. The Great Stour is the most easterly of the three rivers cutting through the Downs. Like the Darent and the Medway, it too provided an early access route into the heart of Kent and formed an ancient focus for settlement. Today the Stour Valley is highly valued for the quality of its landscape, especially by the considerable numbers of walkers who follow the Stour Valley Walk or the North Downs Way National Trail. Despite its proximity to both Canterbury and Ashford, the Stour Valley retains a strong rural identity. Enclosed by steep scarps on both sides, with dense woodlands on the upper slopes, the valley is dominated by intensively farmed arable fields interspersed by broad sweeps of mature parkland. Unusually, there are no electricity pylons cluttering the views across the valley. North of Bilting, the river flows through a narrow, pastoral floodplain, dotted with trees such as willow and alder and drained by small ditches. -
Tunbridge Wells Circular Walk
Saturday Walkers Club www.walkingclub.org.uk Tunbridge Wells Circular walk A varied High Weald walk with stretches through parkland, restored heathland and woods containing massive sandstone outcrops, finishing alongside the Spa Valley Railway. Length Main Walk: 17½ km (10.9 miles). Four hours 15 minutes walking time. For the whole excursion including trains, sights and meals, allow at least 9 hours. Short Walk, starting from Frant: 15 km (9.4 miles). Three hours 40 minutes walking time. Long Walk, starting from Frant: 21¼ km (13.2 miles). Five hours 10 minutes walking time. Long Circular Walk, via Groombridge: 23¾ km (14.7 miles). Five hours 45 minutes walking time. OS Maps Explorer 135 & (if starting from Frant station) 136. Tunbridge Wells, map reference TQ585392, is in Kent, 7 km S of Tonbridge. Toughness 4 out of 10 (6 for the Long Walks). Features This walk through the High Weald near the border of East Sussex and Kent has plenty of interest and variety. After escaping from the suburban charms of Tunbridge Wells you climb through woodland to a possible early lunch stop in the elegant hill-top village of Frant, dominated by its large triangular green. The walk continues with an attractive but potentially muddy section through the landscaped parkland of the Nevill Estate's Eridge Old Park. On the edge of the park Forge Wood has a fine display of bluebells in spring. https://www.walkingclub.org.uk/walk/tunbridge-wells-circular/ 1/13 After the suggested lunch stop in the hamlet of Eridge Green the route passes Eridge Rocks, the first of the impressive sandstone outcrops which are a distinctive feature of the High Weald. -
Ec Ecolo Ogy a and D Evi Iden
Ecology and Evidence Winter newsletter 2017/18 DISCOVER wildlife, DATA gather, DELIVER cconservation Cover picture: Deptford pink Dianthus armeria, by Peter Atherall The Deptford pink has declined rapidly in range and is now known to inhabit only about 15 sites in the UK, mainly in the south. It prefers light, sandy, acidic soils, and requires open conditions to grow well. It can be found on disturbed ground, such as tracks and field edges, along hedgerows and in dry pasture. In Kent it is found on Kent Wildlife Trust’s Sandwich Bay National Nature Reserve and at Farnigham Woods. Kent Wildlife Trust Ecology and Evidence Winter newsletter 2017/18 Introduction community, visitor or educattional interest. For example at Welcome to the winter 2017/18 ecology and evidence our Queendown Warren reseerve in the Medway Smile newsletter, which this year is bigger than ever before. I Living Landscape, chalk grassland, woodland and early have taken the decision this year to encompass not only spider orchids have been identified as key nature Ecology Groups, but also to highlight the wealth of other conservation features. Each feature will have a number of work carried out by Kent Wildlife Trust and our volunteers attributes which are its charaacteristics, qualities or in the vital areas of monitoring and evidence. Evidence is properties. Attributes are the measurable performance absolutely critical to what we do, and it is increasingly indicators which together help to indicate the condition of important that we are able to demonstrate the efficacy of the feature. Examples might t be the size of an orchid colony, our management of Kent’s wildlife and habitats. -
Wildlife Trust Ecology Groups
Wildlife Trust Ecology Groups Survey Programme 2019 Welcome to the 2019 Ecology Groups programme, as you will see Ecology Groups are growing into new areas of the county and there are more surveys to get involved with. Our Ecology Groups have been established to help us demonstrate the effect of our reserve management work and to assess the quality of the habitats we manage. Ecology Groups are part of a team within our Conservation & Policy Department and you’ll be in the field surveying and collecting data on species and habitats. You’ll learn a huge amount through this work, gaining skills to identify species, provide valuable data and see it used to benefit wildlife conservation in Kent. You’ll have the opportunity to learn from experienced staff and volunteers who will help to develop your survey and identification skills. All you need is an interest in wildlife, you don’t need a background or any prior knowledge, but you’ll likely want to grow your skills and help us to make a difference for wildlife. Volunteering with Ecology Groups a great role for students and those wishing to gain experience in the conservation sector as well as anyone wanting to learn more about species and habitats. If you are building your CV, in order to gain the most of this opportunity, we would recommend volunteers participating in both surveying role and our Ecology Group data processing role (for more details contact [email protected]). We also encourage our Ecology Group volunteers to participate in our Wildlife Study Day programme of activities, there is a charge for these, but a discount is offered on many of these for active volunteers. -
Bulletin BMIG 28
Bulletin of the British Myriapod & Isopod Group Volume 28 (2015) REPORT ON THE BMIG FIELD MEETING IN KENT 2011 Paul Lee1, A. D. Barber2 and Steve J. Gregory3 1 Little Orchard, Bentley, Ipswich, Suffolk IP9 2DW, UK. E-mail: [email protected] 2 Rathgar, Exeter Road, Ivybridge, Devon PL21 0BD, UK. E-mail: [email protected] 3 200 Ock Street, Abingdon, Oxfordshire OX14 5DR, UK. E-mail: [email protected] INTRODUCTION The 2011 BMIG field weekend, held from 14th to 17th April, was based at the University of Kent at Canterbury. The county has been extensively recorded for myriapods and isopods over the last century and in his introductory talk Eric Philp presented attendees with a species list for Kent along with a challenge to add even a single species so confident was he of the effort that had gone in to ensuring that recording in the county was comprehensive. However, the main purpose of this meeting, one for which a Defra grant had been awarded through Hymettus, was a systematic survey for what were then UK BAP species, the millipedes Polyzonium germanicum and Metaiulus pratensis both of which are Kent specialities. Late thirteenth century archaeological deposits from Stonar (north of Sandwich) provide the earliest woodlouse record from Kent in the form of calcified remains of Porcellio laevis (Girling, 1979). George Newport (1803 – 1854), one of the pioneers of myriapod studies in Britain, was born at Canterbury and published important papers on these animals between 1841 and 1856. His original description of Lithobius melanops was based on specimens actually collected by him from a garden at Sandwich in 1842. -
Common Standards Monitoring Guidance for Lowland Heathland
Common Standards Monitoring Guidance for Lowland Heathland Version February 2009 Updated from (February 2004) ISSN 1743-8160 (online) CSM Guidance for Lowland heathland Issue date: February 2009 Common Standards Monitoring Guidance for Lowland heathland 1 Introduction 1.1 Lowland heathland in England, Wales and Northern Ireland comprises a range of habitats characterised by the abundance of ericoids or gorse species. It occurs on generally nutrient-poor soils, usually below 300 m. Heathland in Scotland is rarely defined as lowland heathland; most Scottish heathland occurs above the upper limits of agricultural enclosure. However, some forms of heathland at low altitudes, similar in character to those in England, Wales and Northern Ireland and usually within the enclosed part of the landscape, do occur in Scotland, although mostly as small fragments. The most distinctive and extensive are the coastal heaths. 1.2 Lowland heathland includes dry, wet, humid, chalk/limestone, coastal and lichen heaths, and all successional stages from bare ground to shrubs. See Annex 1 for a full definition for CSM purposes of lowland heathlands in terms of components, Phase 1 habitat survey classes, NVC types and Annex I (Habitats Directive) equivalents, and section 2 below for more detailed descriptions. 1.3 Guidance on monitoring is summarised in table 1 (lowland dry heath) and table 2 (lowland wet heath). Upland heathland is covered by separate guidance, but the distinction between upland and lowland examples may sometimes be difficult. Heath vegetation on maritime cliff/slopes and dune heath are both included within the lowland heathland guidance but assessment of these types should be done in conjunction with the relevant coastal guidance section.