WEST END - COLLEGIATE HISTORIC DISTRICT DESIGNATION REPORT LANDMARKS PRESERVATION COMMISSION GENE A. NORMAN, Chairman WILLIAM J. CONKLIN, Vice Chairman MARY CHILDS BLACK JOSEPH MITCHELL BARBARALEE DIAMONSTEIN- CHARLES A. PLATT SPIELVOGEL ANTHONY M. TUNC THOMAS J. EVANS ELLIOT WILLENSKY JOSE L. ITHIER BARRY B. WILLIAMS Commissioners The City of New York Edward I. Koch, Mayor 1984 WEST END-COLLEGIATE HISTORIC DISTRICT TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgements " iii Map 1 Boundaries 3 Testimony 5 Historical Introduction : 7 Architectural Introduction 25 Building Entries West 74th Street: North Side ..35 West 75th Street: South Side 51 West 75th Street: North Side 59 West 76th Street: South Side 73 West 76th Street: North Side 89 West 77th Street: South Side 121 West 77th Street: North Side 155 West 78th Street: South Side 165 West 78th Street: North Side 181 Riverside Drive • 191 West End Avenue : East Side 213 West End Avenue: West Side 225 Appendix of Architects 251 Findings and Designation 269 Bibliography 271 -i- Page intentionally left blank The following members of the staff of the Landmarks Preservation Commission contributed to the preparation of this report: Charles Hasbrouck Edward T. Mohylowski Gina Santucci Jay Shockley Jeremy Woodoff Student Interns: Bob Jaeger Dennis Pidgeon Lisa Schroeder Editing and Production: Marjorie Pearson, Director of Research Oleata Robinson Barbara Sklar The Landmarks Commission expresses its appreciation to the Upper West Side community, which has assisted the Commission in its on-going effort to identify and designate those buildings and districts on the Upper West Side of Manhattan which have architectural, historic, cultural, and aesthetic significance. -iii- I Landmarks Preservation Commission I L J L J W. 79 St. WEST END-COLLEGIATE HISTORIC DISTRICT Manhattan \ Designated January 3,1984 N Landmarks Preservation Commission January 3,1984,Designation List 184 LP-1418 WEST END-COLLEGIATE HISTORIC DISTRICT Borough of Manhattan BOUNDARIES The property bounded by a line beginning at the northeast corner of West 74th Street and Riverside Drive, extending northerly along the eastern curb line of Riverside Drive,easterly along the southern curb line of West 77th Street, northerly across West 77th Street, northerly along the western property line of 321 West 77th Street, westerly along part of the southern property line of 320 West 78th Street, westerly along the southern property line of 322 West 78th Street, northerly along the western property line of 322 West 78th Street, easterly along the southern curb line of West 78th Street, northerly across West 78th Street, northerly along the western property line of 315 West 78th Street, easterly along the northern property lines of 315 to 309 West 78th Street, northerly along part of the western property line of 309 West 78th Street, easterly along part of the northern property line of 309 West 78th Street, easterly along the northern property line of 307 West 78th Street, easterly along the northern property line of 389 West End Avenue, southerly along the western curb line of West End Avenue, easterly along the southern curb line of West 77th Street to the eastern property line of 262 West 77th Street, southerly along the eastern property line of 262 West 77th Street, easterly along part of the northern property line of 245 West 76th Street, easterly along the northern property line of 243 West 76th Street, southerly along the eastern property line of 243 West 76th Street, westerly along the northern curb line of West 76th Street, southerly along the western curb line of West End Avenue, westerly along the northern curb line of West 75th Street, southerly across West 75th Street, southerly along the eastern property line of 316 West 75th Street, southerly along the eastern property lines of 24 to 23 Riverside Drive, southerly along part of the eastern property line of 321 West 74th Street, easterly along the northern property lines of 319 to 303 West 74th Street, southerly along the eastern property line of 303 West 74th Street, westerly along the northern curb line of West 74th Street, to the point of beginning. -3- Page intentionally left blank trf i ', CL 3 3 3 > f C-l CD X) s: a 3* o H- 03 o 03 rt 0) ro fD H H- p- fD 3 CO 3 CO rt o 3 i-i 3 O rt CD 03 rr fD rt H- 3" CL i-i rt X) 3* rt i-i ^J i-i CO O H- 3 o 03 o i-i H- fD H- O 3 rt 03 h-1 rt CD rt H- 3 cr n S Hi fD i-i a. 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CO (D W TO 3 O O 3 fD 3 O CO (D H- 3 3 TO o H- H- CL 03 3* CO X) I-H H- C>D 3 3 rt fD O rt rt 3 fD CD TO H- fD }-• Hi a" 3" O CO rt fD fD Hi 3 CL fD (D XI rt 3 i-i 03 P: rt pj O H- ^ cr y» 03 H- 03 3* i-t X) CD rt <# M o< n CD ro H- rt fD C 3 ^ I-i l-( n rt XI 3 O a. rt fD 3 (D o O c 3"TO X> fD £ 03 XI o H rt cr H- O a. 3 rt Hi CL H- M CO •P- CD fD O t< fD 03 n H- rt H- 03 CO rt) O 1 rt 3 n O c» t-> H- •-! 3" O rt TO 7T fD fD H> - 1 o Page intentionally left blank HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION Although its history can be traced as far back as the late seventeenth century, the West Side, including the land within the boundaries of the West End-Collegiate Historic District, was still largely farmland until 1880. Prior to its urbanization at the end of the nineteenth century, the West Side, stretching roughly from 23rd Street to 125th Street, was known as Blooming- dale. This appellation came from the early Dutch settlers of New Amsterdam who called the region "Bloemendael" in fond recollection of a flower-growing area of the same name near , Haarlem, in Holland. In the 1660s, Governor Nicholls, the first English governor of New York, granted a large parcel of land in the Bloomingdale district to a syndicate of five patentees. Known as the "thou­ sand acre tract," it was bounded roughly by the Hudson River and what are today 42nd Street, a point midway between 89th and 90th Streets, and Central Park West. The tract was surveyed and sub­ divided among the patentees. The territory which compromises the historic district fell within lots seven and eight, with the bulk of it being within lot seven.