Alepisauridae Swainson, 1839 - Lancetfishes [=Alepisaurinae, Plagyodontoidei] Notes: Alepisaurinae Swainson, 1839:175, 240 [Ref

FAMILY Alepisauridae Swainson, 1839 - lancetfishes [=Alepisaurinae, Plagyodontoidei] Notes: Alepisaurinae Swainson, 1839:175, 240 [ref. 4303] (subfamily) Alepisaurus [stem changed to Alepidosaur- by Gill 1862g:127 [ref. 1660] based on Alepidosaurus; stem changed to Alepisaurid- by Gill 1884b:620–621 [ref. 33060]; stem sometimes seen as Aleposaur- or Alepesaur-] Plagyodontoidei Bleeker, 1870–75:151 [ref. 428] (family) Plagyodontis

GENUS Alepisaurus Lowe, 1833 - lancetfishes [=Alepisaurus Lowe [R. T.], 1833:104, Caulopus (subgenus of Alepidosaurus) Gill [T. N.], 1862:128, Plagyodontis Steller [G. W.], in Pallas, 1814:383, Plagyodus Günther [A.] (ex Steller), in Pallas, 1867:185] Notes: [ref. 2825]. Masc. Alepisaurus ferox Lowe, 1833. Type by monotypy. Alepidosaurus Agassiz, 1846:14 [ref. 64] is an unjustified emendation, and used by Günther 1860:353 [ref. 1963]. Also illustrated and described in Lowe 1834:124, Pl. 19 [ref. 33408]. •Valid as Alepisaurus Lowe, 1833 -- (Gibbs & Wilimovsky 1966:484 [ref. 24558], Maul 1973:201 [ref. 7171], Post in Whitehead et al. 1984:494 [ref. 13675], Okiyama 1984:207 [ref. 13644], Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:77 [ref. 6441], Heemstra & Smith 1986:280 [ref. 5668], Paxton et al. 1989:251 [ref. 12442], Gon 1990:144 [ref. 21680], Gomon et al. 1994:273 [ref. 22532], Paxton & Niem 1999:1953 [ref. 24746], Sato & Nakabo 2002:44 [ref. 25953], Mecklenburg et al. 2002:234 [ref. 25968], Thompson 2003:939 [ref. 27003], Castellanos-Galindo et al. 2006:260 [ref. 28944], Paxton et al. 2006:498 [ref. 29053], Bray 2008:265 [ref. 30620]). Current status: Valid as Alepisaurus Lowe, 1833. Alepisauridae. (Caulopus) [ref. 1660]. Masc. Alepisaurus altivelis Poey, 1860. Type by subsequent designation. Type designated by Jordan & Gilbert 1883:276 [ref. 2476]. Correct spelling for genus of type species is Alepisaurus not Alepidosaurus. •Synonym of Alepisaurus Lowe, 1833 -- (Gibbs & Wilimovsky 1966:484 [ref. 24558], Maul 1973:201 [ref. 7171], Castellanos-Galindo et al. 2006:260 [ref. 28944]). Current status: Synonym of Alepisaurus Lowe, 1833. Alepisauridae. (Plagyodontis) [ref. 3351]. Fem. Alepidosaurus aesculapius Bean, 1883. Appeared without species; subsequent addition of species not researched. Type above as Alepidaurus aesculapius given by Jordan 1917:84 [ref. 2407]; Jordan spelled genus as Plagyodus, based on Plagyodum (used by Pallas on p. 384). See account of Plagyodus Günther, 1867. •Synonym of Alepisaurus Lowe, 1833. Current status: Synonym of Alepisaurus Lowe, 1833. Alepisauridae. (Plagyodus) [ref. 1985]. Masc. Alepisaurus aesculapius Bean, 1883. Type by subsequent designation. Jordan regarded Plagyodus as making available Pallas' Plagyodentem given in dative case, but Pallas (p. 383) used Plagyodontis. Günther's use probably can be regarded as an incorrect subsequent spelling of Plagyodontis, but Günther's treatment probably is the first addition of species (three) to Platyodontis; if so, subsequent designation needs to be established, and the type given for Platyodontis will change. •Synonym of Alepisaurus Lowe, 1833 -- (see Gibbs & Wilimovsky 1966:484 [ref. 24558], Castellanos-Galindo et al. 2006:260 [ref. 28944]). Current status: Synonym of Alepisaurus Lowe, 1833. Alepisauridae.

Species Alepisaurus brevirostris Gibbs, 1960 - shortsnouted lancetfish [=Alepisaurus brevirostris Gibbs [R. H., Jr.], 1960:2, Figs. 1 (top), 2 (left), Alepisaurus brevirostris crozetensis Hureau [J.-C.], 1968:835, Fig. 1 A] Notes: [Breviora No. 123; ref. 11913] Western North Atlantic, 38°49'N, 64°02'W. Current status: Valid as Alepisaurus brevirostris Gibbs, 1960. Alepisauridae. Distribution: Nearly circumglobal, but not in eastern Pacific. Habitat: marine. (crozetensis) [Bulletin du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Série 2) v. 39 (no. 5) (1967); ref. 7896] Crozet Islands, southern Indian Ocean. Current status: Synonym of Alepisaurus brevirostris Gibbs, 1960. Alepisauridae. Habitat: marine.

Species Alepisaurus ferox Lowe, 1833 - longsnouted lancetfish [=Alepisaurus ferox Lowe [R. T.], 1833:104, Alepidosaurus aesculapius Bean [T. H.], in Jordan & Gilbert, 1883:888, Alepisaurus altivelis Poey [F.], 1860:302, Alepisaurus azureus Valenciennes [A.], in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1850:530, Alepidosaurus (Caulopus) borealis Gill [T. N.], 1862:128, Alepidosaurus (Caulopus) poeyi Gill [T. N.], 1862:131, Alepisaurus richardsonii Bleeker [P.], 1855:10, Alepidosaurus (Caulopus) serra Gill [T. N.], 1862:129] Notes: [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1833 (pt 1); ref. 2825] Madeira, eastern Atlantic. Current status: Valid as Alepisaurus ferox Lowe, 1833. Alepisauridae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical through cold temperate seas (including Hawaiian Islands). Habitat: marine. (aesculapius) [Bulletin of the United States National Museum No. 16; ref. 2476] Iliuliuk, Unalaska Island, Alaska, U.S.A. Current status: Synonym of Alepisaurus ferox Lowe, 1833. Alepisauridae. Habitat: marine. (altivelis) [Memorias sobre la historia natural de la Isla de Cuba v. 2; ref. 3499] Cuba. Current status: Synonym of Alepisaurus ferox Lowe, 1833. Alepisauridae. Habitat: marine. (azureus) [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 22; ref. 1014] Gran Canaria Island, Canary Islands. Current status: Synonym of Alepisaurus ferox Lowe, 1833. Alepisauridae. Habitat: marine. (borealis) [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 14; ref. 1660] Puget Sound, Washington, U.S.A. Current status: Synonym of Alepisaurus ferox Lowe, 1833. Alepisauridae. Habitat: marine. (poeyi) [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 14; ref. 1660] Caribbean Sea. Current status: Synonym of Alepisaurus ferox Lowe, 1833. Alepisauridae. Habitat: marine. (richardsonii) [Verhandelingen der Koninklijke Akademie van Wetenschappen (Amsterdam) v. 2 (art. 7); ref. 346] Tasmania, Australia. Current status: Synonym of Alepisaurus ferox Lowe, 1833. Alepisauridae. Habitat: marine. (serra) [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 14; ref. 1660] "Monterey, Lower California." Current status: Synonym of Alepisaurus ferox Lowe, 1833. Alepisauridae. Habitat: marine

GENUS Anotopterus Zugmayer, 1911 - daggertooths [=Anotopterus Zugmayer [E.], 1911:13, Eugnathosaurus Regan [C. T.], 1913:234] Notes: [Bulletin de l'Institut Océanographique (Monaco) No. 193; ref. 6161] Masc. Anotopterus pharao Zugmayer, 1911. Type by monotypy. Also appeared in Zugmayer 1911 (Dec.):138 [ref. 4846]. •Valid as Anotopterus Zugmayer, 1911 -- (Maul 1973:211 [ref. 7171], Post in Whitehead et al. 1984:509 [ref. 13675], Okiyama 1984:207 [ref. 13644], Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:77 [ref. 6441], Hulley 1986:278 [ref. 5672], Heemstra 1990:142 [ref. 21682], Miller 1993:508 [ref. 21297], Kukuev 1998:746 [ref. 24103], Paxton & Niem 1999:1950 [ref. 24746], Shelekhov & Baginsky 2000:571 [ref. 25012], Sato & Nakabo 2002:44 [ref. 25953] in Paralepididae, Mecklenburg et al. 2002:240 [ref. 25968], Thompson 2003:935 [ref. 27003], Paxton et al. 2006:491 [ref. 28995], Parin et al. 2014:154 [ref. 33547], Stewart 2015:596 [ref. 34254], Voskoboinikova & Nazarkin 2017:4 [ref. 35164], Fricke et al. 2018:74 [ref. 35805]). Current status: Valid as Anotopterus Zugmayer, 1911. Alepisauridae. (Eugnathosaurus) [Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh v. 49 (pt 2, no. 2); ref. 3651] Masc. Eugnathosaurus vorax Regan, 1913. Type by original designation (also monotypic). Based on head only. •Synonym of Anotopterus Zugmayer, 1911 -- (Kukuev 1998:746 [ref. 24103]). Current status: Synonym of Anotopterus Zugmayer, 1911. Alepisauridae. Species Anotopterus nikparini Kukuev, 1998 - North Pacific daggertooth [=Anotopterus nikparini Kukuev [E. I.], 1998:753, Fig. 8] Notes: [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 38 (no. 6); ref. 24103] Western Pacific, 50°N, 157°E, depth 0-1000 meters. Current status: Valid as Anotopterus nikparini Kukuev, 1998. Alepisauridae. Distribution: Western Pacific. Habitat: marine.

Species Anotopterus pharao Zugmayer, 1911 - daggertooth [=Anotopterus pharao Zugmayer [E.], 1911:13, Anotopterus arcticus Nybelin [O.], 1946:8, Pl. (fig. 4)] Notes: [Bulletin de l'Institut Océanographique (Monaco) No. 193; ref. 6161] Eastern Atlantic, 36°64'30"N, 11°49'W, station 3028, depth 0-5100 meters. Current status: Valid as Anotopterus pharao Zugmayer, 1911. Alepisauridae. Distribution: Circumglobal, antitropical. Habitat: marine. (arcticus) [Göteborgs Kongliga Vetenskaps och Vitterhets Samhälles Handlingar v. 5 (no. 1); ref. 13130] Off western Greenland, 64°25'N, 53°30'W (stomach content). Current status: Synonym of Anotopterus pharao Zugmayer, 1911. Alepisauridae. Habitat: marine.

Species Anotopterus vorax (Regan, 1913) - south ocean daggertooth [=Eugnathosaurus vorax Regan [C. T.], 1913:234, Fig. 1, Anotopterus antarcticus Nybelin [O.], 1946:3, Pl. (figs. 1-3)] Notes: [Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh v. 49 (pt 2, no. 2); ref. 3651] 71°22'S, 16°34'W, off Coats Land, Antarctica, Scotia station 417, depth 1410 fathoms. Current status: Valid as Anotopterus vorax (Regan, 1913). Alepisauridae. Distribution: Circumglobal in temperate and arctic seas of the Southern Hemisphere. Habitat: marine. (antarcticus) [Göteborgs Kongliga Vetenskaps och Vitterhets Samhälles Handlingar v. 5 (no. 1); ref. 13130] Weddell Sea, about 62°S, 38°W (whale stomach content). Current status: Synonym of Anotopterus vorax (Regan, 1913). Alepisauridae. Habitat: marine. GENUS Omosudis Gunther, 1887 - hammerjaws [=Omosudis Günther [A.], 1887:201] Notes: [Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H. M. S. Challenger v. 22 (pt 57); ref. 2013] Fem. Omosudis lowii Günther, 1887. Type by monotypy. •Valid as Omosudis Günther, 1887 -- (Ege 1958:3 [ref. 24557], Maul 1973:202 [ref. 7171], Post in Whitehead et al. 1984:496 [ref. 13675], Okiyama 1984:207 [ref. 13644], Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:77 [ref. 6441], Maul 1986:280 [ref. 5689], Nielsen & Jespersen 1986:59 [ref. 11871], Paxton et al. 1989:250 [ref. 12442], Gomon et al. 1994:266 [ref. 22532], Paxton & Niem 1999:1952 [ref. 24746], Sato & Nakabo 2002:44 [ref. 25953] in Alepisauridae, Thompson 2003:939 [ref. 27003], Paxton et al. 2006:498 [ref. 29053], Bray 2008:266 [ref. 30620], Parin et al. 2014:152 [ref. 33547], Stewart 2015:606 [ref. 34254], Fricke et al. 2018:73 [ref. 35805]). Current status: Valid as Omosudis Günther, 1887. Alepisauridae.

Species Omosudis lowii Gunther, 1887 - hammerjaw [=Omosudis lowii Günther [A.], 1887:201, Pl. 52 (figs. C-C'), Omosudis lowei funchali Roule [L.], 1929:10, Fig., Omosudis lowei var. indicus Brauer [A.], 1906:141, Fig. 69] Notes: [Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H. M. S. Challenger v. 22 (pt 57); ref. 2013] Philippine seas, western Pacific, Challenger station 214, depth 500 fathoms; Magdalena, Madeira [eastern Atlantic]. Current status: Valid as Omosudis lowii Günther, 1887. Alepisauridae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical through temperate seas. Habitat: marine. (funchali) [Bulletin de l'Institut Océanographique (Monaco) No. 546; ref. 3822] Funchal, Madeira. Current status: Synonym of Omosudis lowii Günther, 1887. Alepisauridae. Habitat: marine. (indicus) [Die Tiefsee-Fische v. 15; ref. 632] Gulf of Guinea, Atlantic; north of Cocos Islands, Chagos Archipelago, and between Seychelles and Zanzibar (Tanzania). Current status: Synonym of Omosudis lowii Günther, 1887. Alepisauridae. Habitat: marine.

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Unavailable names, uncertain taxa brevis, Omosudis Brauer [A.] 1906:142, Fig. 70 [Die Tiefsee-Fische v. 15; ref. 632] Cape Verde Islands, 14°39'05"N, 21°51'08"W, Valdivia station 39, depth 2500 meters. Holotype (unique): ZMB 17557. •See Ege 1958:3 [ref. 24557]. Current status: Uncertain as Omosudis lowii Günther 1887. Omosudidae. Habitat: marine.