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FREESIDE EUROPE ONLINE ACADEMIC JOURNAL 2020/1 ALUMNI ISSUE www.freesideeurope.com DOI 10.51313/alumni-2020-9 Categories and social meanings: An analysis of international students’ language practices in an international school Jani-Demetriou Bernadett ELTE Doctoral School of Linguistics [email protected] Abstract Bilingual educational programmes in recent years received criticism from translanguaging or superdiversity scholars. These programmes follow either the subtractive or the additive models of bilingual education (García 2009), in both of which the languages are considered as separate systems. This distinction is considered as “inadequate to describe linguistic diversity” (García 2009: 142) and masks the real diversity of difference by focusing only on languages. Thinking in terms of plurilingualism and multiculturalism “might contribute to a continuation of thinking in terms of us-versus-them, essentializing cultural or ethnic differences” (Geldof 2018: 45). The present study argues that a critical ethnographic sociolinguistic approach provides a more relevant analysis of children’s language practices. From this critical perspective, speaking is highlighted instead of languages and considered as action in which the linguistic resources carry social meaning (Blommaert–Rampton 2011). This paper introduces the findings of an ethnographic fieldwork set in an international summer school where linguistic and ethnic diversity is a commonplace, although a strict English-only language policy applies in order to achieve the school’s pedagogical goals. The aim of the research has been to find out how students from various cultural background are dealing with ethnical and linguistic diversity and to analyse how the processes of normalisation (Geldof 2018) among students and teachers create values and categories accepted as norms by the group. -
Charles Alexander Robinson, Jr. Memorial Lecture
DEPARTMENT OF CLASSICS 48 College Street, Box 1856 Macfarlane House Providence, RI 02912 Phone: 401.863.1267 Fax: 401.863.7484 CHARLES ALEXANDER ROBINSON, JR. MEMORIAL LECTURE 1. October 14, 1965 “Vitruvius and the Greek House” • Richard Stillwell, Princeton University 2. November 15, 1966 “Second Thoughts in Greek Tragedy” • Bernard M. W. Knox 3. March 23, 1967 “Fiction and Fraud in the Late Roman Empire” • Sir Ronald Syme 4. November 29, 1967 “The Espionage-Commando Operation in Homer” • Sterling Dow, Harvard University 5. November 21, 1968 “Uses of the Past” • Gerald F. Else, University of Michigan 6. November 5, 1969 “Marcus Aurelius and Athens” • James H. Oliver, Johns Hopkins University 7. March 1, 1971 “Between Literacy and Illiteracy: An Aspect of Greek Culture in Egypt” • Herbert C. Youtie, University of Michigan 8. October 27, 1971 “Psychoanalysis and the Classics” • J. P. Sullivan, SUNY Buffalo 9. November 14, 1972 “The Principles of Aeschylean Drama” • C. J. Herington, Yale University 10. October 30, 1973 “Alexander and the Historians” • Peter Green, University of Texas, Austin 11. November 6, 1974 “The Emotional Power of Greek Tragedy” • W. Bedell Stanford, Trinity College, Dublin 12. March 10, 1976 “Personality in Classical Greek Sculpture” • George M.A. Hanfmann, Fogg Art Museum, Harvard University 13. March 28, 1977 “The Odyssey” • John M. Finley, Harvard University 14. November 21, 1978 “Community of Men and Gods in Ancient Athens” • Homer A. Thompson, Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton 15. April 23, 1979 “Oedipus’ Mother” • Anne Pippin Burnett, University of Chicago 16. March 17, 1980 “Rustic Urbanity: Roman Satirists in and outside Rome” • William S. -
Recent Trends in the Archaeology of Bronze Age Greece
J Archaeol Res (2008) 16:83–161 DOI 10.1007/s10814-007-9018-7 Aegean Prehistory as World Archaeology: Recent Trends in the Archaeology of Bronze Age Greece Thomas F. Tartaron Published online: 20 November 2007 Ó Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2007 Abstract This article surveys archaeological work of the last decade on the Greek Bronze Age, part of the broader discipline known as Aegean prehistory. Naturally, the literature is vast, so I focus on a set of topics that may be of general interest to non-Aegeanists: chronology, regional studies, the emergence and organization of archaic states, ritual and religion, and archaeological science. Greek Bronze Age archaeology rarely appears in the comparative archaeological literature; accord- ingly, in this article I place this work in the context of world archaeology, arguing for a reconsideration of the potential of Aegean archaeology to provide enlightening comparative material. Keywords Archaeology Á Greece Á Bronze Age Á Aegean prehistory Introduction The present review updates the article by Bennet and Galaty (1997) in this journal, reporting work published mainly between 1996 and 2006. Whereas they charac- terized trends in all of Greek archaeology, here I focus exclusively on the Bronze Age, roughly 3100–1000 B.C. (Table 1). The geographical scope of this review is more or less the boundaries of the modern state of Greece, rather arbitrarily of course since such boundaries did not exist in the Bronze Age, nor was there a uniform culture across this expanse of space and time. Nevertheless, distinct archaeological cultures flourished on the Greek mainland, on Crete, and on the Aegean Islands (Figs. -
Agricultural Practices in Ancient Macedonia from the Neolithic to the Roman Period
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by International Hellenic University: IHU Open Access Repository Agricultural practices in ancient Macedonia from the Neolithic to the Roman period Evangelos Kamanatzis SCHOOL OF HUMANITIES A thesis submitted for the degree of Master of Arts (MA) in Black Sea and Eastern Mediterranean Studies January 2018 Thessaloniki – Greece Student Name: Evangelos Kamanatzis SID: 2201150001 Supervisor: Prof. Manolis Manoledakis I hereby declare that the work submitted is mine and that where I have made use of another’s work, I have attributed the source(s) according to the Regulations set in the Student’s Handbook. January 2018 Thessaloniki - Greece Abstract This dissertation was written as part of the MA in Black Sea and Eastern Mediterranean Studies at the International Hellenic University. The aim of this dissertation is to collect as much information as possible on agricultural practices in Macedonia from prehistory to Roman times and examine them within their social and cultural context. Chapter 1 will offer a general introduction to the aims and methodology of this thesis. This chapter will also provide information on the geography, climate and natural resources of ancient Macedonia from prehistoric times. We will them continue with a concise social and cultural history of Macedonia from prehistory to the Roman conquest. This is important in order to achieve a good understanding of all these social and cultural processes that are directly or indirectly related with the exploitation of land and agriculture in Macedonia through time. In chapter 2, we are going to look briefly into the origins of agriculture in Macedonia and then explore the most important types of agricultural products (i.e. -
Linguistic Practices in Cyprus and the Emergence of Cypriot Standard Greek*
San Diego Linguistic Papers 2 (2006) 1-24 LINGUISTIC PRACTICES IN CYPRUS AND THE EMERGENCE OF CYPRIOT STANDARD GREEK* Amalia Arvaniti University of California, San Diego ----------------------------------------------- In Cyprus today systematic changes affecting all levels of linguistic analysis are observed in the use of Standard Greek, giving rise to a distinct linguistic variety which can be called Cypriot Standard Greek. The changes can be attributed to the influence of English and Cypriot Greek (the local linguistic variety), and to the increasing use of the Standard in semi-formal occasions. Equally important is the reluctance to recognize the diglossic situation on the island (in which Standard Greek is the H variety and Cypriot Greek the L), for political and ideological reasons. This in turn means that the attention of the Cypriot speakers is not drawn to the differences between Standard Greek as spoken in Greece and their usage of it; thus the differences become gradually consolidated, while the users remain unaware of them. ----------------------------------------------- 1 Introduction The past two decades have seen a proliferation of scholarly work on the linguistic situation in Cyprus. This body of work is concerned with several topics, such as the speakers’ awareness of the linguistic varieties spoken on the island (e.g., Karyolemou & * This paper is a companion to Arvaniti (this volume b). Although the papers compliment each other, they are written in such a way that each can be read independently of the other; for this reason, some introductory sections (e.g. the historical background) show a degree of overlap. The bulk of the data in this article was gathered in Cyprus from 1996 to 2001, with additional data collected since then using a variety of web resources. -
Study Guide #16 the Rise of Macedonia and Alexander the Great
Name_____________________________ Global Studies Study Guide #16 The Rise of Macedonia and Alexander the Great The Rise of Macedonia. Macedonia was strategically located on a trade route between Greece and Asia. The Macedonians suffered near constant raids from their neighbors and became skilled in horseback riding and cavalry fighting. Although the Greeks considered the Macedonians to be semibarbaric because they lived in villages instead of cities, Greek culture had a strong influence in Macedonia, particularly after a new Macedonian king, Philip II, took the throne in 359 B.C. As a child, Philip II had been a hostage in the Greek city of Thebes. While there, he studied Greek military strategies and learned the uses of the Greek infantry formation, the phalanx. After he left Thebes and became king of Macedonia, Philip used his knowledge to set up a professional army consisting of cavalry, the phalanx, and archers, making the Macedonian army one of the strongest in the world at that time. Philip’s ambitions led him to conquer Thrace, to the east of Macedonia. Then he moved to the trade routes between the Aegean Sea and the Black Sea. Soon Philip turned his attention to the Greek citystates. Although some Greek leaders tried to get the city-states to unite, they were unable to forge a common defense, which made them vulnerable to the Macedonian threat. Eventually, Philip conquered all the city-states, including Athens and Thebes, which he defeated at the battle of Chaeronea in 338 B.C. This battle finally ended the independence of the Greek city-states. -
Ancient Greece
αρχαία Ελλάδα (Ancient Greece) The Birthplace of Western Civilization Marshall High School Mr. Cline Western Civilization I: Ancient Foundations Unit Three AA * European Civilization • Neolithic Europe • Europe’s earliest farming communities developed in Greece and the Balkans around 6500 B.C. • Their staple crops of emmer wheat and barley were of near eastern origin, indicating that farming was introduced by settlers from Anatolia • Farming spread most rapidly through Mediterranean Europe. • Society was mostly composed of small, loose knit, extended family units or clans • They marked their territory through the construction of megalithic tombs and astronomical markers • Stonehenge in England • Hanobukten, Sweden * European Civilization • Neolithic Europe • Society was mostly composed of small, loose knit, extended family units or clans • These were usually built over several seasons on a part time basis, and required little organization • However, larger monuments such as Stonehenge are evidence of larger, more complex societies requiring the civic organization of a territorial chiefdom that could command labor and resources over a wide area. • Yet, even these relatively complex societies had no towns or cities, and were not literate * European Civilization • Ancient Aegean Civilization • Minos and the Minotaur. Helen of Troy. Odysseus and his Odyssey. These names, still famous today, bring to mind the glories of the Bronze Age Aegean. • But what was the truth behind these legends? • The Wine Dark Sea • In Greek Epic, the sea was always described as “wine dark”, a common appellation used by many Indo European peoples and languages. • It is even speculated that the color blue was not known at this time. Not because they could not see it, but because their society just had no word for it! • The Aegean Sea is the body of water which lays to the east of Greece, west of Turkey, and north of the island of Crete. -
Post-Conflict Reconstruction in Sri Lanka and Cyprus: Avoiding a Stalemate Jyotsna Shankar Claremont Mckenna College
Claremont Colleges Scholarship @ Claremont CMC Senior Theses CMC Student Scholarship 2011 Post-Conflict Reconstruction in Sri Lanka and Cyprus: Avoiding a Stalemate Jyotsna Shankar Claremont McKenna College Recommended Citation Shankar, Jyotsna, "Post-Conflict Reconstruction in Sri Lanka and Cyprus: Avoiding a Stalemate" (2011). CMC Senior Theses. Paper 201. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/201 This Open Access Senior Thesis is brought to you by Scholarship@Claremont. It has been accepted for inclusion in this collection by an authorized administrator. For more information, please contact [email protected]. CLAREMONT McKENNA COLLEGE POST-CONFLICT RECONSTRUCTION IN SRI LANKA AND CYPRUS: AVOIDING A STALEMATE SUBMITTED TO PROFESSOR BILL ASCHER AND DEAN GREGORY HESS BY JYOTSNA SHANKAR FOR SENIOR THESIS FALL-SPRING/2010-2011 APRIL 12, 2011 ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................. 1 LIST OF ACRONYMS .............................................................................................. 2 CHAPTER ONE: GOALS ......................................................................................... 4 SRI LANKA ................................................................................................................. 4 CYPRUS .................................................................................................................... 11 CHAPTER 2: BACKGROUND AND TRENDS ................................................... 19 -
People on Both Sides of the Aegean Sea. Did the Achaeans And
BULLETIN OF THE MIDDLE EASTERN CULTURE CENTER IN JAPAN General Editor: H. I. H. Prince Takahito Mikasa Vol. IV 1991 OTTO HARRASSOWITZ • WIESBADEN ESSAYS ON ANCIENT ANATOLIAN AND SYRIAN STUDIES IN THE 2ND AND IST MILLENNIUM B.C. Edited by H. I. H. Prince Takahito Mikasa 1991 OTTO HARRASSOWITZ • WIESBADEN The Bulletin of the Middle Eastern Culture Center in Japan is published by Otto Harrassowitz on behalf of the Middle Eastern Culture Center in Japan. Editorial Board General Editor: H.I.H. Prince Takahito Mikasa Associate Editors: Prof. Tsugio Mikami Prof. Masao Mori Prof. Morio Ohno Assistant Editors: Yukiya Onodera (Northwest Semitic Studies) Mutsuo Kawatoko (Islamic Studies) Sachihiro Omura (Anatolian Studies) Die Deutsche Bibliothek - CIP-Einheitsaufnahme Essays on Ancient Anatolian and Syrian studies in the 2nd and Ist millennium B.C. / ed. by Prince Takahito Mikasa. - Wiesbaden : Harrassowitz, 1991 (Bulletin of the Middle Eastern Culture Center in Japan ; Vol. 4) ISBN 3-447-03138-7 NE: Mikasa, Takahito <Prinz> [Hrsg.]; Chükintö-bunka-sentä <Tökyö>: Bulletin of the . © 1991 Otto Harrassowitz, Wiesbaden This work, including all of its parts, is protected by Copyright. Any use beyond the limits of Copyright law without the permission of the publisher is forbidden and subject to penalty. This applies particularly to reproductions, translations, microfilms and storage and processing in electronic Systems. Printed on acidfree paper. Manufactured by MZ-Verlagsdruckerei GmbH, 8940 Memmingen Printed in Germany ISSN 0177-1647 CONTENTS PREFACE -
Cyprus 1St Evaluation Report
Strasbourg, 27 September 2006 ECRML (2006) 3 EUROPEAN CHARTER FOR REGIONAL OR MINORITY LANGUAGES APPLICATION OF THE CHARTER IN CYPRUS Initial monitoring cycle A. Report of the Committee of Experts on the Charter B. Recommendation of the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe on the application of the Charter by Cyprus The European Charter for Regional o r Minority Languages provides for a control mechanism to evaluate how the Charter is applied in a State Party with a view to, where necessary, making Recommendations for improvements in its legislation, policy and practices. The central element of this pro cedure is the Committee of Experts, established in accordance with Article 17 of the Charter. Its principal purpose is to examine the real situation of the regional or minority languages in the State, to report to the Committee of Ministers on its evaluati on of compliance by a Party with its undertakings, and, where appropriate, to encourage the Party to gradually reach a higher level of commitment. To facilitate this task, the Committee of Ministers has adopted, in accordance with Article 15.1, an outline for the periodical reports that a Party is required to submit to the Secretary General. The report shall be made public by the government concerned. This outline requires the State to give an account of the concrete application of the Charter, the general policy for the languages protected under its Part II and in more precise terms all measures that have been taken in application of the provisions chosen for each language protected under Part III of the Charter. -
Prehistory - Central Balkans Cradle of Aegean Culture
Prehistory - Central Balkans Cradle of Aegean culture By Antonije Shkokljev Slave Nikolovski – Katin Translated from Macedonian to English and edited By Risto Stefov Prehistory - Central Balkans Cradle of Aegean culture Published by: Risto Stefov Publications [email protected] Toronto, Canada All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or by any information storage and retrieval system without written consent from the author, except for the inclusion of brief and documented quotations in a review. Copyright 2013 by Antonije Shkokljev, Slave Nikolovski – Katin & Risto Stefov e-book edition 2 Index Index........................................................................................................3 COMMON HISTORY AND FUTURE ..................................................5 I - GEOGRAPHICAL CONFIGURATION OF THE BALKANS.........8 II - ARCHAEOLOGICAL DISCOVERIES .........................................10 III - EPISTEMOLOGY OF THE PANNONIAN ONOMASTICS.......11 IV - DEVELOPMENT OF PALEOGRAPHY IN THE BALKANS....33 V – THRACE ........................................................................................37 VI – PREHISTORIC MACEDONIA....................................................41 VII - THESSALY - PREHISTORIC AEOLIA.....................................62 VIII – EPIRUS – PELASGIAN TESPROTIA......................................69 IX – BOEOTIA – A COLONY OF THE MINI AND THE FLEGI .....71 X – COLONIZATION -
Ionian Sea Aegean Sea Mediterranean Sea
MACEDONIA TROY AEGEAN IONIAN SEA IONIA PERSIA SEA MYCENAE MEDITERRANEAN SEA KNOSSOS CRETE • Located in Southeastern Europe • Made up of a mainland located on a peninsula and over 1000 rocky islands • Almost 75% of the Greek mainland is covered by mountains • It’s surrounded by the Ionian, Aegean, and MediterraneanGeography Seas Now! Greece • The climate of Greece generally features hot summers and mild winters • Rocky soil makes large scale farming difficult, but they are well-known for their grapes and olives • Much of their food comes from the surrounding waters and the seas are an important part of their economy • The mountains helped protect the ancient Greeks by making it difficult for foreigners to attack • The mountains also made it difficult for the different areas of Greece to communicate and exchange ideas • One of the most important impacts is that the mountains made unification difficult • One of the most important impacts is that the mountains made unification difficult INSTEAD OF FORMING A CIVILIZATION UNDER ONE GOVERNMENT, THE ANCIENT GREEKS FORMED SEPARATE Geography of CITY-STATES Ancient Greece A CITY-STATE Even though each city- state was independent, we IS AN each shared the same culture, language, and INDEPENDENT religious beliefs. CITY WITH ITS OWN GOVERNMENT AND ECONOMIC SYSTEM • The earliest Greeks were called Minoans and they lived on the Mediterranean island of Crete • In 1900, evidence of their settlements was discovered in the city of Knossos by archeologist Arthur Evans • Evans discovered colorful frescoes