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025 Collema Tenax (Lecanorales)

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025 Collema Tenax (Lecanorales) Javier Blasco-Zumeta FLORA DE PINA DE EBRO Y SU COMARCA. FUNGI 025 Collema tenax (Lecanorales) CLAVES DE DETERMINACIÓN Familia Collemataceae. Talo negro o negruzco cuando está deshidrata- do, verdoso cuando hidratado. Talo tanto foliáceo, como escuamuloso o crustá- ceo. Apotecios con disco generalmente rojizo, más o menos oscuro. Hipotecio más o menos incoloro. Ascos casi constantemente con 8 esporas inco- loras. Género Collema Siempre con conidióforos endobasidiados. Talo de color negruzco, homómero, sin falsos Valdeabellera, Pina de Ebro (22/09/2016) tejidos ni córtex. Collema tenax Si el talo es escuamuloso, con escuámulas as- (Sw.) Ach. em Degel. cendentes, con o sin lóbulos ascendentes. Apotecios lecanorinos, con el margen talino NOMBRE VULGAR persistente. - Parte superior del talo mate, la inferior a veces DESCRIPCIÓN con tomento blanco. Talo de verde oscuro a negro, de 3 a 10 cm de Esporas hialinas, desde 2-septus hasta murales. ancho, hinchado cunado está hidratado; muy Collema tenax lobulado, con apotecios de color rojo marrón con márgenes dentados; isidios generalmente Talo folioso, bastante delgado, hinchado cuando ausentes, pero de tamaño grande y lobados está húmedo, redondeado o de forma irregular. cuando están presentes; ascos generalmene con Parte superior dentada a ligeramente rugulosa, 8 esporas; esporas de triseptadas a murifores, de de color verde oliva a marrón; parte inferior más 17-26 x 6.5-10.5 µm. clara, con ricinas blancas. Lóbulos cortos y estrechos, generalmente más anchos hacia las puntas. CLAVES DE DETERMINACIÓN Apotecios ausentes o numerosos, generalmente División Ascomycota sésiles, de 0.5-a 6 mm de ancho. Sin clorofila. Disco cóncavo al principio, después plano y Himenio con células (ascos) en forma de bolsa finalmente convexo, de color rojo oscuro o ne- en cuyo interior se forman las esporas gro. (ascoesporas). Margen talino generalmente entero, a veces cre- nulado o rugoso. Clase Lecanoromycetes Himenio hialino, de 65 a110 µm de alto. Esporas liberadas desde ascos con dehiscencia Ascos subcilíndricos, con 8 esporas, raramente tubular. con menos. Ontogenia himenial de los ascos desarrollada en Ascoesporas hialinas, rectas, de fusiformes a apotecios como cuerpos fructíferos con variada estrechamente ovoides, con 2 a 4 celdas. estructura y forma. Picnidios laminares o marginales, generalmente Ascos amiloides generalmente con un engrosa- inmersos, subglobosos, de 200 a 260 µm de an- miento apical y paredes de dos membranas. cho. Conidios baciliformes, con extremos ligeramen- Orden Lecanorales te hinchados 4.5-6 x 1.5-1.8(-2) µm. Ascos persistentes. Apotecios redondeados, disciformes, hemisféri- Química: todo negativo. cos o globulosos. Apotecios generalmente no pedicelados. DISTRIBUCIÓN Y HÁBITAT Generalmente con algas de un verde intenso. Elemento subcosmopolita. Aparece en piedras de yeso en lugares expuestos. [email protected] http://blascozumeta.com http://monteriza.com/ Página 1 Javier Blasco-Zumeta FLORA DE PINA DE EBRO Y SU COMARCA. FUNGI 025 Collema tenax (Lecanorales) COMENTARIOS Y USOS Es un liquen que puede encontrase desde el Ár- tico hasta en zonas áridas como las de la Depre- sión del Ebro. Puede reproducirse tanto por me- dio de esporas como de forma asexual cuando se rompen trozos del talo; la mayor parte de las muestras colectadas en Aragón por Javier Etayo son estériles. Es muy tolerante a la desecación, contrayéndose cuando está deshidratado e hin- chándose cuando tiene agua. Es una especie fijadora de nitrógeno, incrementando el nivel de nitrógeno del suelo. AGRADECIMIENTO Javier Etayo Salazar (Pamplona) ha determina- do los ejemplares fotografiados. C. tenax BIBLIOGRAFÍA Barreno, E. & Pérez, S., 2003. Líquenes de la Reserva Natural Integral de Muniellos, Astu- rias . Ed. Gobierno del Principado de Asturias. Oviedo. Etayo, J., 2010. Líquenes y hongos liquenícolas de Aragón. Guineana , 16: 1-501 Miadlikowska, J., Kauff, F., Högnabba, F., Oli- ver, J. C., Molnár, K., Fraker, E., & Stenroos, S., 2014. A multigene phylogenetic synthesis for the class Lecanoromycetes (Ascomycota): 1307 fungi representing 1139 infrageneric taxa, 317 genera and 66 families. Molecular Phyloge- netics and Evolution , 79, 132-168. Ozenda, P. & Clauzade, G., 1970. Les lichens. C. tenax Étude biologique et flore illustrée . Ed. Masson et Cte.. Paris. http://lichenportal.org/portal/taxa/index.php? taxon=53535 GALERÍA FOTOGRÁFICA C. tenax C. tenax [email protected] http://blascozumeta.com http://monteriza.com/ Página 2 .
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