Toxicology Cases: 10 Must-Have Drugs To Keep On Hand

Acepromazine Atipamezole Cholestyramine Cyproheptadine Diazepam/ Midazolam Used in animals as a Commonly used to Useful for several Should be an additional For controlling mild sedative; much higher reverse dexmedetomidine toxins that undergo treatment for overdoses agitation or seizures from doses than normal may and xylazine. enterohepatic of serotonergic a variety of toxins. be needed when dealing Note: Can reverse recirculation: drugs such as SSRIs, Note: Should not be with amphetamine signs from other cholecalciferol (vitamin amphetamines, tramadol, used for overdoses of toxicosis. alpha agonists such as D3), sago palm, 5-HTP and marijuana amphetamines as it can clonidine, guanfacine, actually worsen clinical Note: Can also be used to cyanobacteria (blue when signs persist despite tizanidine, imidazoline signs. Also contraindicated help control hypertension green algae), digitoxin treatment with first-line and oxymetazoline for seizures caused by caused by stimulants when and some NSAIDs. drugs. decongestants; eye drops, muscimol (isoxazole) nitroprusside is not available and tick collars that contain Note: Some human Note: Only administer while mushroom ingestions. – start with small doses amitraz. and titrate to affect. Always formulations contain xylitol signs of serotonin syndrome monitor blood pressure. and those must not be used are present – most toxicity in dogs. cases only require 1-3 doses.

Maropitant Methocarbamol N-Acetylcysteine Naloxone Propranolol

Very effective at both For patients presenting Commonly used for Along with reversing Primarily used to treat stopping and preventing with tremors instead acetaminophen toxicosis; opioid exposure, can be sinus tachycardia vomiting. of seizures. Though can be given along used to reverse severe from chocolate, Note: Administration in expensive, there is with SAMe for other CNS depression from amphetamines, SSRIs, recumbent or neurologic nothing that will control hepatotoxins. Dilute to 5% some other toxins. High 5-HTP and other animals before giving tremors as well. solution and give orally or dose (0.1 mg/kg) works stimulants. activated charcoal may intravenously through a well to reverse coma in reduce aspiration risk. Note: If you have only tablet Note: In albuterol toxicosis, form, it can be crushed, filter. large doses of ibuprofen, propranolol is virtually mixed with water and given Note: If given orally, further ethanol toxicity and an antidote that will slow rectally, though it will take dilute with something sweet bradycardia due to heart rate and correct significantly longer to work. to mask sulfur smell and cyclobenzaprine. hypokalemia without taste. the need to supplement Note: If first dose helps, you potassium. can repeat as signs return.