Rface Water Supply of the United States 1916 Part Iv
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DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR FRANKLIN K. LANE, Secretary UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY GEORGE OTIS SMITH, Director WATER-SUPPLY PAPER 434 RFACE WATER SUPPLY OF THE UNITED STATES 1916 PART IV. ST. LAWRENCE RIYER BASIN NATHAN C. GROVER, Chief Hydraulic Engineer W. G. HOYT, A. H. HOHTON, C. C. COVERT, and C. H. PIERCE, District Engineers Prepared in cooperation with STATES OF MINNESOTA. WISCONSIN, NEW YORK, AND VERMONT WASHINGTON GOVEBNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1917 DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR FRANKLIN K. LANE, Secretary . UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY GEORGE OTIS SMITH, Director Water-Supply Paper 434 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY OF THE UNITED STATES 1916 PART IV. ST. LAWRENCE RIVER BASIN NATHAN C. GROVER, Chief Hydraulic Engineer W. G. HOYT, A. H. HORTON, C. C. COVERT, and C. H. PIERCE, District Engineers Prepared in cooperation with THE STATES OP MINNESOTA, WISCONSIN, NEW YORE, AND VERMONT . * Water Resources Branch, Geological Survey, Box 3106, Capitol Station Oklahoma Ciky, WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1917 ADDITIONAL COPIES OF THIS PUBLICATION MAY BE PEOCTJKED FROM THE SUPERINTENDENT OF DOCUMENTS GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE WASHINGTON, D. C. AT 10 CENTS PER COPY SUBSCKIPTION PRICE, 20 CENTS PER YEAR V CONTENTS. Page. Authorization and scope of work........................................... 5 Definition of terms......................................................... 6 Convenient equivalents-................................................... 7 Explanation of data........................................................ 9 Accuracy of field data and computed results................................ 10 Cooperation.............................................................. 11 Division of work.......................................................... 12 Gaging-station records...................................................... 13 Streams tributary to Lake Superior...................................... 13 Poplar River at Lutsen, Minn...................................... 13 Whiteface River below Meadowlands, Minn.......................... 14 Cloquet River at Independence, Minn.............................. 16 Aminicon River near Aminicon Falls, Wis........................... 19 Brule River near Brule, Wis........................................ 20 Bad River near Odanah, Wis....................................... 21 Streams tributary to Lake Michigan.................................. 1. 23 Escanaba River near Escanaba, Mich............................... 23 Menominee River below Koss, Mich................................. 24 Brule River near Florence, Wis.................................... 26 Pine River near Florence, Wis...................................... 27 Pike River at Amberg, Wis......................................... 29 Peshtigo River at High Falls, near Crivitz, Wis...................... 31 Oconto River near Gillett, Wis...................................... 33 Wolf River at Keshena, Wis....................................... 35 Wolf River at New London, Wis....................................... 37 West Branch of Wolf River at Neopit, Wis........................... 38 Little Wolf River at Royalton, Wis.................................. 40 Waupaca River near Weyauwega, Wis............................... 42 Sheboygan River near Sheboygan, Wis.............................. 43 Milwaukee River near Milwaukee, Wis.............................. 44 Grand River at Grand Rapids, Mich................................ 46 Manistee River near Sherman, Mich................................. 47 Streams tributary to Lake Huron....................................... 48 Tittabawassee River at Freeland, Mich............................. 48 Streams tributary to Lake Erie......................................... 49 Huron Jliver at Dexter, Mich....................................... 49 Huron River at Barton, Mich...................................... 50 Huron River at Flat Rock, Mich.................................... 51 Cattaraugus Creek at Versailles, N. Y............................... 52 Streams tributary to Lake Ontario...................................... 54 Little Tonawanda Creek at Linden, N. Y............................ 54 Genesee River at Scio, N. Y........................................ 56 Genesee River at St. Helena, N. Y.-............................... 57 3 4 CONTENTS. Gaging-statioB records Continued. Streams tributary to Lake Ontario Continued. Page. Genesee River at Jones Bridge, near Mount Morris, N. Y............ 59 Genesee River near Rochester, N. Y................................ 61 Canaseraga Creek near Dansville, N. Y............................. 63 Canaseraga Creek at Groveland Station, N. Y........................ 64 Canaseraga Creek at Shakers Crossing, N. Y......................... 66 Keshequa Creek near Sonyea, N. Y................................ 67 Canadice Lake outlet near Hemlock, N. Y.......................... 69 Owasco Lake outlet near Auburn, N. Y.............................. 69 West Branch of Onondaga Creek at South Onondaga, N. Y........... 71 Orwell Brook near Altmar, N. Y.................................... 72 Black River near Boonville, N. Y................................... 73 Forestport Feeder near Boonville, N. Y............................ 75 Black River canal (flowing south) near Boonville, N. Y ............. 77 Moose River at Moose River, N. Y................................. 78 Middle Branch of Moose River at Old Forge, N. Y.................. 80 Beaver River at State dam near Beaver River, N. Y................ 82 Streams tributary to St. Lawrence River................................ 85 East Branch of Oswegatchie River at Newton Falls, N. Y............ 85 Oswegatchie River near Heuvelton, N. Y............................ 87 Oswegatchie River near Ogdensburg, N. Y.......................... 87 West Branch of Oswegatchie River near Harrisville, N. Y........... 89 Raquette River at Piercefield, N. Y................................. 91 Raquette River at Massena Springs, N. Y........................... 93 St. Regis River at Brasher Center, N. Y............................ 95 Deer River at Brasher Iron Works, N. Y............................. 97 Richelieu River at Fort Montgomery, Rouses Point, .N. Y........... 98 Saranac River near Plattsburg, N. Y............................... 99 Ausable River at Ausable Forks, N. Y.............................. 101 West Branch of Ausable River near Newman, N. Y................. 104 Lake George at Rogers Rock, N. Y.................................. 105 Lake Champlain at Burlington, Vt.................................. 107 Otter Creek at Middlebury, Vt..................................... 108 Winooski River at Montpelier, Vt.................................. 117 Dog River at Northfield, Vt....................................... 119 Lamoille River at Cadys Falls, Vt................................... 121 Green River at Garfield, Vt......................................... 123 Missisquoi River near Richford, Vt.................................. 125 Clyde River at West Derby, Vt..................................... 127 Miscellaneous measurements................................................ 128 Index.................................................................... 129 Appendix: Gaging stations and publications relating to water resources....... I ILLUSTRATIONS. PLATE I. A, Price current meters; B, Typical gaging station................ 10 II. Water-stage recorders: A, Stevens; B, Gurley printing; C, Friez... 11 III. A, Log jam on Big Fork at Big Falls, Minn.; B, St. Louis River at Thomson, Minn............................................... 12 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY OF ST. LAWRENCE RIYER BASIN, 1916. AUTHORIZATION AND SCOPE OP WORK. This volume is one of a series of 14 reports presenting results of measurements of flow made on streams in the United States during the year ending September 30, 1916. The data presented in these reports were collected by the United States Geological Survey under the following authority contained in the organic law (20 Stat. L., p. 394): Provided, That this officer [the Director] shall have the direction of the Geological Survey and the classification of public lands and examination of the geological struc ture, mineral resources, and products of the national domain. The work was begun in 1888 in connection with special studies relating to irrigation in the arid west. Since the fiscal year ending June 30, 1895, successive sundry bills passed by Congress have car ried the following item and appropriations: For gaging the streams and determining the water supply of the United States, and for the investigation of underground currents and artesian wells, and for the prepara tion of reports upon the best methods of utilizing the water resources. Annual appropriations for the fiscal years ending June 30, 1895-1917. 1895............................................................. $12,500 1896 ........................................................... 20,000 1897 to 1900,inclusive........................................... 50,000 1901 to 1902,inclusive........................................... 100,000 1903 to 1906,inclusive........................................... 200,000 1907............................................................. 150,000 1908 to 1910,inclusive........................................... 100, 000 1911 to 1917,inclusive........................................... 150,000 In the execution of the work many private and State organizations have cooperated either by furnishing data or by assisting in collecting