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The Structure of Salvation: Part 27 – Kings Page | 1 The Structure of Salvation: Part 27 – Kings Page | 1 Major Ideas in Kings I. God’s Sovereignty Over Rulers and Nations The books of Kings highlight the supreme sovereignty of God over His people and their kings and even over the other nations of the earth. The Lord is the one who establishes nations and rulers and causes them to fall (1 Ki. 11:29-38; 16:1-4; 2 Ki. 9:6-10; 17:18). Rulers were not, as they often claimed, gods who ruled by their own divine power. They are governed by God’s providence and judged by His word. God’s people are to have no doubt that God works even the greatest actions of monarchs and kingdoms to fulfill His purposes for His people. II. The Priority of God’s Word The word of God takes priority over everything else in Kings. Over and over, prophets call kings to account and these kings are judged by whether they submit themselves to God’s word through the prophets (1 Ki. 14:7-16; 2 Ki. 22:18-20). The kings of Israel and Judah are also repeatedly evaluated by their faithfulness to God’s covenants revealed in Scripture. Throughout Kings, God casts down those who disregard His word, no matter how high their position, and exalts those who hear and do His word, no matter how low. Neither military might nor worldly wisdom will preserve a nation or an individual but only fidelity to God’s will in His word. III. God’s Relationship to the Temple and the King Kings opens with the establishment of the house of David in Solomon’s reign along with the building of the temple and ends with the temple destroyed and the house of David in exile. Both the temple and the house of David are essential to what God is doing in the Davidic Covenant and are given as blessings to Israel. However, God transcends His temple (1 Ki. 8:27) and His chosen Davidic king (1 Ki. 11:29-38). God is willing to destroy His temple, king, and covenant people when they are defiled to accomplish His covenantal purposes despite their unfaithfulness (1 Ki. 9:3-9). IV. The Failure of Israel The people of Israel and Judah who had been exiled were not to think that the fall of their kingdoms was an accident or due to failure of God. The reason for the exile was not that God’s hand was too short to save but because of their great unfaithfulness to God’s covenant (2 Ki. 17:7- 41; 21:1-15). There is a finality to this failure. Never again will a descendant of David sit on the throne in Jerusalem. Never again do we hear of the presence of God residing in the temple. In many ways, the fall of Israel and Judah is the end of the old covenantal order and leaves nothing but to look forward to the coming restoration of the New Covenant. V. God’s Longsuffering with His people Despite His people’s perpetual unfaithfulness, God continually seeks to show mercy to them. When wicked kings humble themselves before God, He shows grace (1 Ki. 21:20-29). In the midst of great unfaithfulness by His people, He continues to identify with them and defend them from harm (2 Ki. 13:22-23; 14:23-27). He sends prophets to call them back from their wayward ways that He might be gracious to them and restore them (2 Ki. 17:13). For centuries, He endures their continual profaning of His covenant while working for good. The books of Kings are a testimony to the truth that the Lord is slow to anger and abounding in steadfast love (Joel 2:12-14). The Structure of Salvation: Part 27 – Kings Page | 2 Solomon’s Reign in Jerusalem and the Building of the Temple (1 Kings 1-11) I. Solomon’s Wisdom and Glory A. The ministry of Solomon. The books of Kings open in the waning days of David’s reign. As his strength fails him, David turns the kingdom over to his son, Solomon. The reign of Solomon is the golden era of the nation of Israel. The kingdom has gained peace and will enjoy unparalleled prosperity under Solomon’s rule. Solomon himself embodies the blessings of God given to Israel. He is blessed with divine wisdom to bless the people and is greatly enriched by his service to God. Gentiles come to learn of this wisdom and to see the blessings and glory that has been bestowed upon him. B. The ministry of Israel. Israel was called to have a ministry like this. They were given divine instructions in the law which was to be their wisdom in the sight of the nations (Deut. 4:1-8). They were to be blessed and enriched through their keeping of God’s covenant (Deut. 28:1-14). The nations surrounding Israel were to see the blessing of living under the rule of God and desire to join themselves with Israel (Zech. 8:20-23; Is. 60:1-14; 2:2-4 [Mic. 4:1-3]). The reign of Solomon is the closest that Israel ever comes to fulfilling its purpose. II. Solomon the Temple Builder A. Temple details. The most important thing that Solomon does during his reign is build the temple. Rather than remaining in the tabernacle, the presence of God was now coming to find a permanent residence among His people. God would associate His name and glory with this mountain, city, and people. The temple exceeded the tabernacle in glory. Most of its measurements doubled those of the tabernacle. The designs were multiplied. The tabernacle had cherubim woven into the curtains, but the temple had cherubim engraved in gold all over the walls in the holy place, along with engravings of palm trees and open flowers. There was only one menorah in the tabernacle but the temple housed ten. The crowning design were two ten-cubit tall (almost 16 ft.) golden cherubim standing in the holy of holies overshadowing the ark. B. Solomon’s temple. Once the priests had placed the ark in the holy of holies, the presence of the Lord descended and filled the temple. Solomon and the people offered thousands of animals in sacrifice and Solomon dedicated the temple with a prayer acknowledging that God’s true dwelling is in heaven and asking for God’s care for all who would call upon the name of the Lord. Solomon has now provided a preliminary fulfillment of the Davidic covenant. But just as Solomon’s temple displayed a greater permanence and glory than the tabernacle, so his temple will give way to one with a permanence and glory that are everlasting, built by the greater Son of David. It is to that king that all nations and rulers will submit and to His temple that all peoples shall come to know His wisdom and be supremely blessed in Him. III. Solomon’s Folly and Fall A. Solomon’s idolatry. In spite of the many blessings that God had given him, Solomon allows his heart to be turned away from the Lord. Solomon disregarded the word of the Lord particularly given to kings that they are not to amass for themselves horses (military might), riches, or wives (Deut. 17:14-17; cf. 1 Ki. 10:26-11:8). In particular, his marriages to foreign women who worshipped other gods drew Solomon’s heart away from the Lord. Solomon became the builder not only of the temple of the Lord but also of temples to the gods of all his wives. Though Solomon started well, he turned from the Lord and brought terrible consequences on his people. The Structure of Salvation: Part 27 – Kings Page | 3 B. The division of the kingdom. The Lord had warned Solomon in his law and personally of the judgment that would come if he turned from Him to worship idols (1 Ki. 9:3-9). It is for this reason that He determines to strip the kingdom from the line of David (1 Ki. 11:29-39). Ten of the twelve tribes of Israel break off from the house of David and retain the name of Israel for their new nation in the north, while only two remain in the southern kingdom of Judah. This breach between the tribes of Israel will never be mended in the history of the Hebrew people. C. Responding to the split. It is clear that the Lord wills the split between the two kingdoms as a judgment against the Solomon (1 Ki. 12:23-24). This does not mean, however, that it was good and right for the people of Israel to remain separated from the people of Judah. The Psalms and prophetic books state that Jerusalem is the true place of worship and that the Davidic line is the one that God has chosen to rule His people (Ps. 78:67-72; 122; 132; Hos. 3; Amos 9:9-11; Ezek. 37:15-28; Is. 9:1-7). The right response by both the Davidic kings and the people of Israel and Judah was repentant faith that God may reunite the nations again. Sadly, these kingdoms are often at war with each other and rarely exhibit faith and repentance. The split is only healed in Christ (John 4:39-42; Acts 8:4-25). The reach of Israel under David and Solomon (left) vs. the divided kingdom of Israel and Judah (right). The Structure of Salvation: Part 27 – Kings Page | 4 The Rise of the Northern Kingdom (1 Kings 12-16) I.
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