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Numero 8, Junio–Julio 2018 Al La Tuta
Numero 8, Junio–Julio 2018 Al la tuta mondo: Bonvenon al la verda Gotenburgo ! Bonvolu viziti nian retpaĝon: www.esperanto-gbg.org Enhavo Paĝo 2. Enhavo. 17. Senlime en Kungahälla. Pri Ora Ĵurnalo. Kungahälla. 3. Espeporko informas. Oriente ĉe la rivero. Sommardagar i Göteborg – pröva en 18. Klosterkullen. intensivkurs i Esperanto 2018. ”Konungahælla Ytri”. 4. Esperanto ĉe la Roskilde-festivalo. 19. Ragnhildsholmen. Esperantofestival den 13–19 juli på La trireĝa renkontiĝo. Esperanto-Gården och Folkets Hus i 20. Upupo. Lesjöfors, Värmland. Vortludo de Monica Eissing. Somera programo en Grésillon. Anekdoto (el 1904). 5. Valdemar Langlet – forgesita heroo. 21. Pentekosto en la preĝejo de Angered. 6. Paret Langlet. 22. En vänlig grönskas rika dräkt. Ps. 201. 7. Skandinava Esperanto-kongreso memore 23. La 100-jara jubileo de la unua landa al la unua Skandinava kongreso, kiu kunveno de la sameoj. okazis 1918 en Gotenburgo. 24. Svenska teckenspråkets dag – La tago de 8. La jarkunsido de SEF sur la ŝipo Pearl la sveda signolingvo, 14 majo. Seaways, la 11an de majo. 25. Gejunuloj el Ukrainio vizitis Goteburgon. 9. Ana Cumbelic Rössum – interparolo sur 26. ”Esperanto – ett påhitt”. la ŝipo. Vad säger de om esperanto på Twitter? 10. Pliaj renkontoj sur la ŝipo. 27. Kia estas averaĝa Esperantisto? 11. Jens Larsen – ĉiĉeronis nin en 28. Kresko – Ora Ĵurnalos motsvarighet i Kopenhago. Kroatien. El ”Finaj vortoj” de Jens Larsen post la Recenzo de ”Adam Smith – vivo kaj ĉiĉeronado. verko” de Bo Sandelin. 13. Tri interesaj prelegantoj el Norvegio. 29. Miljöpartiet och esperanto. 14. En la katedralo Karl Johan en Oslo. Esperantista verkisto kiel kandidato por Debato en la revuo NU (liberala) 24an de la Nobel-Premio pri literaturo? majo 2018. -
Jewish Survival in Budapest, March 1944 – February 1945
DECISIONS AMID CHAOS: JEWISH SURVIVAL IN BUDAPEST, MARCH 1944 – FEBRUARY 1945 Allison Somogyi A thesis submitted to the faculty at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in the Department of History. Chapel Hill 2014 Approved by: Christopher Browning Chad Bryant Konrad Jarausch © 2014 Allison Somogyi ALL RIGHTS RESERVED ii ABSTRACT Allison Somogyi: Decisions amid Chaos: Jewish Survival in Budapest, March 1944 – February 1945 (Under the direction of Chad Bryant) “The Jews of Budapest are completely apathetic and do virtually nothing to save themselves,” Raoul Wallenberg stated bluntly in a dispatch written in July 1944. This simply was not the case. In fact, Jewish survival in World War II Budapest is a story of agency. A combination of knowledge, flexibility, and leverage, facilitated by the chaotic violence that characterized Budapest under Nazi occupation, helped to create an atmosphere in which survival tactics were common and widespread. This unique opportunity for agency helps to explain why approximately 58 percent of Budapest’s 200,000 Jews survived the war while the total survival rate for Hungarian Jews was only 26 percent. Although unique, the experience of Jews within Budapest’s city limits is not atypical and suggests that, when fortuitous circumstances provided opportunities for resistance, European Jews made informed decisions and employed everyday survival tactics that often made the difference between life and death. iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to thank everybody who helped me and supported me while writing and researching this thesis. First and foremost I must acknowledge the immense support, guidance, advice, and feedback given to me by my advisor, Dr. -
Raoul Wallenberg, Hero and Victim – His Life and Feats. by Jill Blonsky
Raoul Wallenberg, hero and victim His life and feats By Jill Blonsky About the author Jill Blonsky resides in Chester, UK. As a long-standing member of the International Raoul Wallenberg Foundation (IRWF) she coordinates the activities of the ONG in the United Kingdom. Ms. Blonsky has a significant experience working with NGO's and charities and she holds a M.A. (Hons) degree in Russian studies with Distinction in English, Education and History subsidiaries. She also has studies in other disciplines, including Forensic Psychology and Egyptology. The International Raoul Wallenberg Foundation (IRWF) is a global-reach NGO based in New York, with offices also in Berlin, Buenos Aires and Jerusalem. The IRWF's main mission is to preserve and divulge the legacy of Raoul Wallenberg and his likes, the courageous women and men who reached-out to the victims of the Holocaust. The IRWF focuses on research and education, striving to instil the spirit of solidarity of the Rescuers in the hearts and minds of the young generations. At the same time, the IRWF organizes campaigns for Raoul Wallenberg, the victim, trying to shed light on his whereabouts. Amongst its most notable campaign, a petition to President Putin, signed by more than 20,000 people and the institution of a 500,000 Euro reward for reliable information about the fate of Raoul Wallenberg and his chauffer, Vilmos Langfelder, both of them abducted by the Soviets on January 17th, 1945. Contents: 1. The Lull before the Storm i. Attitude to Jews pre 1944 ii. The Nazis enter Hungary iii. The Allies Wake Up 2. -
Harmony of Babel Harmony of Babel Profiles of Famous Polyglots of Europe
In the late 1980s the distinguished interpreter Kató Lomb researched historical and contemporary lomb polyglots in an effort to understand their linguistic feats. Among her fellow polyglots she asked: “When can we say we know a language?” “Which is the most important language skill: grammar, vocabulary, or good pronunciation?” harmony “What method did you use to learn languages?” “Has it ever happened to you that you started learning a language, but could not cope with it?” of “What connection do you see between age and babel language learning?” “Are there ‘easy’ and ‘difficult,’ ‘rich’ and ‘poor,’ ‘beautiful’ and ‘less beautiful’ languages?” :Europe Polyglots of Famous of Profiles “What is multilingualism good for?” The answers Lomb collected from her interlocutors are singular and often profound. Grounded in real-world experience, they will be of interest to linguaphiles who are seeking to supplement their theoretical knowledge of language learning. kató lomb (1909–2003) was called “possibly HARMONY the most accomplished polyglot in the world” by linguist Stephen Krashen. One of the pioneers of simultaneous interpreting, Lomb worked in 16 languages in her native Hungary and abroad. She wrote several books on language and language of BABEL learning in the 1970s and 1980s. Profiles of Famous Polyglots of Europe http://tesl-ej.org KATÓ LOMB berkeley · kyoto HARMONY of BABEL HARMONY of BABEL profiles of famous polyglots of europe KATÓ LOMB Translated from the Hungarian by Ádám Szegi Edited by Scott Alkire tesl-ej Publications Berkeley, California & Kyoto, Japan Originally published in Hungary as Bábeli harmónia (Interjúk Európa híres soknyelvű embereivel) by Gondolat, Budapest, in 1988. -
6 Raoul Wallenberg Arresteras
6 Raoul Wallenberg arresteras 6.1 Pilkorsväldet oktober till december 1944 Svenska beskickningen i Budapest hårt ansatt December 1944 var en kritisk månad, inte bara för legationen i Moskva, utan desto mer för legationen i Budapest. Den humanitära aktionen för skydd av judarna hade intensifierats efter pilkorsarnas maktövertagande i mitten av oktober och kom under december månad att nå sin största omfattning. 15–20 000 judar innehade vid årsskiftet 1944–45 olika typer av skyddshandlingar utfärdade av den svenska legationen. Samtidigt försämrades emellertid legationens möjligheter att ge aktivt bistånd åt de judar som innehade svenska skyddspass. Pil- korsregeringen under Szálasi aviserade, kort efter kuppen den 15 oktober 1944, att man framgent inte ämnade respektera de tidi- gare ungerska regeringarnas utfästelser gällande de svenska skydds- dokumenten (HP 21 Eu, 18/10-1944). Wallenberg lyckades emellertid därefter i förhandlingar med pilkorsarnas utrikesminister baron Kémeny utverka att den nya regimen trots allt skulle respek- tera innehavarna av svenska skyddsdokument. Från pilkorsarnas sida var man dock angelägen om att få ett svenskt erkännande av den nya regimen (HP 21 Eu, 22/10-1944). Från UD:s sida hade man dock redan den 19 oktober 1944 avise- rat att något erkännande av den nya regimen ”givetvis [inte kunde] ställas i utsikt” (HP 21 Eu, 19/10-1944). Dagen efter, den 20 okto- ber, informerades Tjernysjev, som nämnts, av von Post att man från svensk sida vägrade erkänna pilkorsregimen. Den ungerska legationspersonalen i Stockholm anmodades kort härefter att utrymma sina beskickningslokaler. 171 Raoul Wallenberg arresteras SOU 2003:18 Kamp mot klockan De följande veckorna under det sista kvartalet 1944 präglades av en nervpåfrestande kamp mot klockan där det gällde att så långt möj- ligt förhala ett svenskt erkännande utan att respekten för de av beskickningen utfärdade skyddsdokumenten helt undergrävdes. -
Heart of Stone, Heart of Flesh – a Play in Hebrew by Eli Yossef
Heart of stone, Heart of flesh By Eli Yossef First Edition, 2009 All rights reserved. Copyright Eli Yossef Title: Heart of Stone, Heart of Flesh Edited by: Casa Argentina en Israel Tierra Santa and International Raoul Wallenberg Foundation. Heart of stone, heart of flesh Casa Argentina en Israel – Tierra Santa and the International Raoul Wallenberg Foundation are proud to present in the form of an E-Book the play "Heart of stone, heart of flesh", written by the playwright and educator, Mr. Eli Yossef. Eli Yossef has a vast experience in the field of high-school education, with a special focus on Judaism and humanism. "Heart of stone, heart of flesh" recreates the awe-inspiring story of Raoul Wallenberg, the Swedish diplomat who saved scores of Hungarian Jews from the Nazi extermination. Wallenberg, a figure of Biblical proportions ended-up abducted by the Soviet forces that liberated Budapest, never to be seen again. Yossef's moving play was specially created as an educational tool, played by young actors for the sake of a young audience. So far, this play performed three times in the Jerusalem Theatre and nine times in France (in its French version). Among the attendees were Guy von Dardel (the recently deceased brother of Raoul Wallenberg), other members of the Wallenberg family, as well as the Swedish diplomat and personal Wallenberg's aid, Mr. Per Anger. Eli Yossef has also written two other plays: "Menachem" (about the life of the former Israeli Prime Minister, Menachem Begin) and "The Act", a story about the "two Eliahu's" which made him recipient of the prestigious "Yair" award. -
11 1/ Kopenhago Invitas 37 (P. )
Driemaandelijkstijdschrift Afgiftekantoor: AntwerpenX.ISSN1013-2031 Jarkolekto41 -trimonata 111/ Redaktakomitato: József Németh(red.) LuizaCarol Luigi aOberrauchMadella RobMoerbeek Kunlaborantoj delaaktualanumero: JosiasBarboza DetlevBlanke NeilBlonstein RenatoCorsetti MichelDucGoninaz AgnetaEmanuelsson RonaldGlossop Isikawa Tieko MałgosiaKomarnicka KatalinKováts StefanMacGill RadojicaPetrović Ileana Schrøder HumphreyTonkin Kopenhagoinvitas 37(p. ) ENHAVO Stefan MAC GILL : Novjaraj – mezmandataj – meditoj ..........................................3 Detlev BLANKE : Ĉu instrui nur la lingvon? ..........................................................7 Michel DUC GONINAZ : Pri la leksika sistemo de Esperanto ...............................14 Karaj KER-ekzamenoj (Fulmintervjuo kun Katalin KOVÁTS ).............................. 18 Renato CORSETTI : Instruado de Esperanto en lernejoj ........................................21 Stefan MAC GILL : Epokfara lernopaka ĵo (recenzo pri la libro de J. Barboza) ..... 24 Humphrey TONKIN : Lingva lojaleco kaj E-o: okazinta ĵo en Novjorko ................ 26 Ronald GLOSSOP : Raporto pri instrua voja ĝo al Ĉinio en 2010... ........................ 30 El la landoj kaj sekcioj (HU, JP, PL, SE) .......................................................... 33 44-a konferenco de ILEI, Kopenhago 2011 (pliaj informoj) (R. PETROVI Ć)......... 37 Informoj pri ILEI, adresaro de la Sekcioj kaj Reprezentantoj ..............................41 ESTRARO DE LA LIGO Prezidanto : Stefan MAC GILL , Pannónia u. 30.I.6, HU-1136 -
Hoofdblad IE 31 December 2020
Nummer 53/20 31 december 2020 Nummer 53/20 2 31 december 2020 Inleiding Introduction Hoofdblad Patent Bulletin Het Blad de Industriële Eigendom verschijnt The Patent Bulletin appears on the 3rd working op de derde werkdag van een week. Indien day of each week. If the Netherlands Patent Office Octrooicentrum Nederland op deze dag is is closed to the public on the above mentioned gesloten, wordt de verschijningsdag van het blad day, the date of issue of the Bulletin is the first verschoven naar de eerstvolgende werkdag, working day thereafter, on which the Office is waarop Octrooicentrum Nederland is geopend. Het open. Each issue of the Bulletin consists of 14 blad verschijnt alleen in elektronische vorm. Elk headings. nummer van het blad bestaat uit 14 rubrieken. Bijblad Official Journal Verschijnt vier keer per jaar (januari, april, juli, Appears four times a year (January, April, July, oktober) in elektronische vorm via www.rvo.nl/ October) in electronic form on the www.rvo.nl/ octrooien. Het Bijblad bevat officiële mededelingen octrooien. The Official Journal contains en andere wetenswaardigheden waarmee announcements and other things worth knowing Octrooicentrum Nederland en zijn klanten te for the benefit of the Netherlands Patent Office and maken hebben. its customers. Abonnementsprijzen per (kalender)jaar: Subscription rates per calendar year: Hoofdblad en Bijblad: verschijnt gratis Patent Bulletin and Official Journal: free of in elektronische vorm op de website van charge in electronic form on the website of the Octrooicentrum -
What Happened in Cairo?1
1 What happened in Cairo?1 C.G.McKay In 1982, Carl Ivan Danielsson, formerly Swedish Minister in Budapest during World War II , was named as one of the Righteous by Yad Vashem.2 Recognition of his work in assisting the Jews of Hungary came two years after that of his junior colleague Per Anger and considerably after that of Raoul Wallenberg (1963) and of Valdemar and Nina Langlet (1965). Although the decision process of the Yad Vashem committee remains secret, it is perhaps not too hard to discern a reason for these dates. Wallenberg and the Langlets had after all been much more actively involved in the rescue attempts and there were many Jews still alive due to their exertions who could testify to their work at “the sharp end”. By contrast, Danielsson had remained very much Head of Mission. Nonetheless Danielsson loyally supported the activities of his juniors Anger and Wallenberg and was noteworthy in personally signing many of the protective documents issued.3 Nor would it be true to say that his contribution lay simply in his signature. Danielsson was personally involved for example in the case of the Eismann sisters.4 Finally, instead of moving from Budapest at the suggestion of the Hungarian authorities, Danielsson chose to stay in the capital bis zum bittern Ende thus providing important moral support for Wallenberg and his activities. Despite these merits, there are still some puzzling features about the curious silence which surrounds Danielsson. The oddity has been well summed up by Göran Rydeberg: 1 © C.G.McKay, 2010 2 Lars Berg was made one of the Righteous the same year. -
Raoul Wallenberg BASIC INFORMATION
Student presentation on Rightrous Among the Nations Raoul Wallenberg BASIC INFORMATION • Raoul Gustaf Wallenberg was born on 4th August 1912 and died probably on 17th July 1947. • He was Swedish architect, businessman, diplomat and humanitarian. • He is widely celebrated for his successful efforts to rescue between tens of thousands and one hundred thousand Jews in Nazi-occupied Hungary during the Holocaust from Hungarian Fascists and the Nazis during the later stages of World War II. BASIC INFORMATION • While serving as Sweden's special envoy in Budapest between July and December 1944, Wallenberg issued protective passports and sheltered Jews in buildings designated as Swedish territory saving tens of thousands of lives. • He was detained by Soviet authorities on suspicion of espionage and imprisoned in the prison Lubyanka in Moscow, where he reportedly died. BACKROUND • He was a member of a prominent family of bankers and industrialists. • His father died of cancer three months before he was born, and his maternal grandfather died three months after his birth. His mother and grandmother, both suddenly widows, raised him together. • After high school and eight months in the Swedish military, his paternal grandfather sent him to study in Paris, where he spent one year. In 1931, he enrolled in the University of Michigan in the United States to study architecture. • He visited Hungary on business in the early 1940s, during World War II and he became increasingly disturbed by the plans of Nazi leader Adolf Hitler to kill all the Jews of Europe. • In 1944, the World Jewish Congress and the American War Refugee Board asked Wallenberg to help and he agreed to go to Hungary to save the remaining Jews there. -
Valdemar Langlet and the "Grateful" Budapest
VALDEMAR LANGLET AND THE "GRATEFUL" BUDAPEST The Swede journalist Valdemar Langlet (1872-1960) lived with his wife Nina (1896-1988) in Budapest from 1932. Valdemar lectured in Swedish at the university. His wife, of Russian descent, gave piano lessons. They acquired a good grasp of Hungarian, had a wide circle of acquaintances, took part in society affairs and had outstanding connections within the "upper crust". The Langlets were Esperantists. Nina, a member of the esperantist Russian Borovko family, became famous with her connection to Zamenhof, Valdemar, on the other hand, was the first president of the Swedish Esperanto Society. He first came to Budapest in 1902, making contact with the newly-formed Hungarian Esperanto Society, then indulging his favourite pastime of horse-riding in the Hortobágy. He came to Hungary for the second time in 1931 to criss-cross the country during the course of a horse-riding tour. The book of his journey ("On Horseback Through Hungary") which appeared in Swedish and English, devoted much space to the "praiseworthy past" of the country, as well as acquainting the readers with 40 historical people. A special chapter dealt with Trianon, the "injustice inflicted on Greater Hungary". He identified with the feelings and irrational approach suggested by the irredentist propaganda. "It cannot be that so many hearts shed so much blood in vain…..No, no, never!" was the final sentence in an article he wrote for a Hungarian newspaper. ("1100 kilometres in the Saddle", in Pesti Hirlap Vasárnapja March 23, 1932) When he then realised that irredentism was leading to a policy of war, he confined his activities to fostering Swedish/Hungarian relations. -
Zsidóüldözés Oka, Az Antiszemitizmus
Zsidóüldözés Oka, az antiszemitizmus • Már a középkortól jelen van az emberiségben, rendkívül bonyolult jelenség. Többféle hitet, filozófiát, attitűdöt, cselekvésmódot és ezeknek az alapjait foglalja össze. Az antiszemitizmust a középkorban részben a félelem és a primitív előítéletek táplálták, azonban ezek sok tekintetben átalakultak, illetve megszűntek. Később a zsidóság a társadalom sok-sok szegletében jelentős sikereket ért el, és ez újabb forrása lett az előítéleteknek. A zsidóság helyzete Európában • Az európai zsidók helyzete a 11. század közepéig általában viszonylag jó volt, azzal együtt, hogy közösségeiket a keresztény eszme alapján integrálódó Európában idegen testnek tekintették. Ipart űztek, kereskedtek, nem egy helyen földet műveltek és fegyvert is hordhattak. A távolsági kereskedelemben jelentős szerepet játszottak. Ennek az évezredes hagyomány mellett (már a Krisztus születése körüli időkben is léteztek zsidó kereskedelmi telepek) fontos tényezője volt az is, hogy az egymással kapcsolatokat tartó hitközségek hálózata Európa nagy térségeit lefedte. Nem elhanyagolható az sem, hogy ekkor – az egyházon és az államapparátusokon kívül – a zsidóság volt az írásbeliség letéteményese, hiszen vallási előírásuk az írni-olvasni tudás. • A 11. század végétől azonban helyzetük fokozatosan romlott: a keresztes hadjáratoknak ezrével estek áldozatul, az egyre erősödő katolikus egyház is általában ellenségesen tekintett rájuk. Lépésről-lépésre kiszorították őket a földművelésből és az iparból, csak azt a tevékenységet hagyva meg nekik, amit a középkor keresztény erkölcse gyanakvással figyelt: a kereskedelmet, és elsősorban a pénzügyleteket, az uzsorát. A 4. lateráni zsinat (1215) döntéseinek értelmében megkülönböztető viseletet (csúcsos süveget és sárga foltot) voltak kötelesek hordani és eltiltották őket a közhivataloktól is. Ibériai félsziget • 1391. június 6-án kora reggel lángra lobbant a sevillai zsidónegyed. A mintegy 20-30 ezer főnyi zsidó közösséget megsemmisítették: a legtöbb embert megölték, a túlélők nagy részét eladták a mohamedánoknak.