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Home , Arboretum, Rock garden, Shakespeare garden, Tropical garden

under this definition but are important horticulturally because they contain outstanding and historically important . Botanic The changing image of botanic gar- dens and has made them And Arboretums more appealing as places to visit be- cause many of their plantings and pro- grams are designed to help homeowners XA. GREEN OASIS awaits you in with their problems. nearly every population center in this In demonstration gardens designed country. These oases of green, of beauty for spaces that approximate the areas and of learning are our botanical available to the average homeowner, gardens and arboretums. They may be the visitors can leam the names of a big help to you in solving your gar- plants that are adapted to his region, dening problems. how they can be arranged in various The botanic gardens and aboretums styles of gardening, and how such con- should not be confused with parks for struction materials as rocks, fencing, pleasure or active recreation. They are railroad ties, etc. can be used effectively educational and research institutions in . Most gardens now dis- concerned with accumulating and dis- play turf plots, and trial gardens of seminating knowledge about plants. annuals and perennials. The botanic evolved from the Workshop and lecture programs are medicinal gardens of into sci- regularly scheduled for children and entific and educational institutions con- adults in a wide range of gardening cerned primarily with . Gradually subjects, such as propagating plants, they have expanded their concern to care of the lawn, , fertilizing, include the practical application of and caring for house plants. Painting botanical principles to , and photographic displays featuring gardening and ecology. plants are often on exhibit. By definition, the botanic garden Annual flower shows of plant socie- grows all kinds of plants and the arbo- ties and special meetings of ecology retum only woody plants. However, the and conservation groups are frequently distinction between the two is often scheduled at botanic gardens and ar- blurred and some of our better knovm boretums. Libraries of these institutions gardens such as Longwood Gardens are a rich resource for information on do not include botanic garden or ar- plants and are being used by the gen- boretum in their name. eral public, educational and research The important distinction that should institutions, and industry. be made is whether the plant collections In the hope that you will find time to and programs of a park or garden meet visit your local garden or a garden in the minimum qualifications to be desig- another area of the country, a partial nated as a botanic garden or . list of botanic gardens and arboretums The bona fide botanic garden or arbore- is published with this chapter. The ex- tum should as a minimum contain au- clusion of gardens from the list does not thenticated and labeled plant collections imply they are not worth visiting. and conduct educational programs with The location of small and speciafized plants. Research is highly desirable but gardens can be determined by visiting not necessary. or writing to the major gardens within Many parks and gardens cannot qual- a state or geographical area. Take ad- ify as botanic gardens or arboretums vantage of most gardens' wilhngness to respond to requests for an informational AUTHOR Francis de Vos is Director, leaflet on their own garden, and sugges- Botanic Garden of the Chicago Horticul- tions on other horticultural points of tural Society, Glencoe, 111. interest in their area.

266 The simple act of writing ahead for information and planning your visit can 1000 Avenue, save you the frustration oí having Brooklyn, N. Y. 11225 passed an interesting place along the road, having gotten lost and arriving Besides its contribution to scientific after the gates are closed, or having botany, Brooklyn has provided out- missed a special flower show or exhibit standing educational programs for chil- by a day. dren and adults in all facets of botany, If you have a choice, plan your visit horticulture and gardening. Plantings for a weekday. Weekends are usually of special interest are the Japanese gar- crowded and only a skeleton stafiF is dens, Royanji Stone Garden, fragrance available to answer questions. On hot garden for the bUnd, waterlilies, and days plan your visit for the morning tropical plants in the conservatories. tours after the dew is oflF the grass and before the temperature reaches the 90's. Highland and Durand-Eastman For your own sake, as well as that of Park Arboretum the staff at the garden you are visiting, 375 Westfall Road, don't show up 15 minutes before clos- Rochester, N. Y. 14620 ing time. The special features and plant col- Highland Park is noted for its out- lections listed for each garden represent standing collection of approximately a small part of what there is to see. For 500 varieties of lilacs. There are also additional information write to the gar- noteworthy collections of peonies, aza- den that you plan to visit, or purchase leas, crabapples, and a copy of the Directory of American roses. The conservatory at Highland Horticulture from the American Horti- Park has seasonal shows at Thanksgiv- culture Society, Mount Vernon, Va. ing, Christmas and Easter. 22121, or The Arboretums and Botan- ical Gardens of North America pub- Longwood Gardens lished by the of Kennett Square, Pa. 19348 , , Mass. 02130, or American Gardens— Longwood Gardens was developed A Travelers Guide, $1.50, Brooklyn by the late Pierre Samuel DuPont and Botanic Garden, 1000 Washington is considered by many to be this coun- Ave., Brooklyn, N.Y. 11225. try's finest display garden. The exten- sive conservatories contain thousands of BOTANICAL GARDENS, ARBORirrUMS, AND tropical species from throughout the PLACES OF HORTICULTURAL INTEREST world. The extensive and highly main- Northeast tained grounds have such outstanding features as an Italian , Arnold Arboretum , display of waterhlies and Jamaica Plain, Mass. 02130 many outstanding specimens of and shrubs. The system of electric foun- This outstanding institution is over tains is among the most intricate and 100 years old and contains many out- beautiful to be found anywhere in the standing specimens of trees and shrubs. world. Collections of special interest are the forsythias, cherries, , crabap- New York ples, , rhododendrons and lilacs. Bronx Park, A special hedge collection and a collec- New York City, N. Y. 10458 tion of Bonsai (dwarf potted trees) are open to the public. The arboretum test- The most complete botanical gar- ing ground known as the Case Estates den in this country. Most aspects of in Weston, Mass., is also open to the botany and horticulture are included in public. the extensive scientific and applied pro-

267 grams. The conservatories house a wide Southeast variety of tropical plants. Other out- standing features are the rock garden, Callaway Gardens naturalistic plantings, the col- Pine Mountain, Ga. 31822 lection and the museum exhibits. Callaway Gardens is a remarkable National Arboretum exception to the idea that serious horti- Washington, D. C. 20002 culture and recreation can not be com- bined in one institution. In this oasis The National Arboretum is best of beauty, swimming, boating, fishing known to the public for its extensive and golfing are carried out in a setting collection of azaleas. The mass planting of natural beauty and colorful horticul- of 70,000 azaleas is usually at its peak tural plantings of azaleas, , mag- of bloom during the last week of April. nolias, camellias, rhododendrons and The arboretum's dwarf conifer collec- seasonal plantings of bulbs and annuals. tion is the best in the country. The A wide range of tropical plants are on collections of , , firethorn, display in the . viburnum, crepe myrtles, and camellias are outstanding. Fairchüd 10901 Old Cutler Road Also, Arthur Hoyt Scott Horticul- Miami, Fla. 33156 tural Foundation, Swarthrnore College, Pa.; Bayard Cutting Arboretum, Ishp, This beautifully designed garden Long Island, N. Y.; Bowman Hill Wild represents one of the best examples of Flower Preserve, Washington Crossing, how the talents of a landscape architect Pa.; New Jersey Experiment can provide the botanist and horticul- Station Arboretum, , turist with an outstanding setting in New Brunswick; , which to display plants for educational , Pa.; Phipps Conservatory, and research purposes. The palm collec- Pittsburgh, Pa.; John J. Tyler Arbore- tion is among the finest in the world. tum, Lima, Pa.; Planting Fields, Oyster There are also outstanding collections Bay, Long Island, N. Y.; Winterthur, of , orchids, and bromeliads. at Winterthur, Delà. Airport Road Norfolk, Va. 23518

Locally the Norfolk Botanical Gar- den is referred to as the "Gardens-by- the-Sea." The garden has outstanding collections of camellias, azaleas, and other broadleaved evergreens in a set- ting of loblolly pines and quiet lakes. The demonstration gardens illustrate different styles of landscaping, planting combinations, and solutions to special landscaping problems.

Also, Brookgreen Gardens, George- town, S. C; Bellingrath Gardens, Mo- bile, Ala.; Biltmore House and Gardens, Asheville, N. C; Magnolia Gardens, Charleston, S. C; Memphis Botanical Home landscape center at Botanic Garden Gardens, Memphis, Tenn.; Tennessee of the Chicago Horticultural Society. Botanical Gardens and Art Center,

268 Nashville; Sarah P. Duke Memorial Kingswood Center Gardens, Duke University, Durham, Box 1186, Mansfield, Ohio 44903 N. C. Kingswood is a cultural and garden center that excels in horticulture. The Midwest specimen trees and shrubs form a back- Alfred L. Boerner Botanical ground for superb plantings of spring Garden bulbs, wildflowers, iris, peonies, summer 5879 S. 92nd Street annuals, daylilies, gladiolus, dahlias and Hales Comer, Wis. 53130 chrysanthemums.

Horticultural excellence character- izes Boerner Botanical Garden. This compact garden is in Whitnall Park Lisle, 111. 60532 located on the outskirts of Milwaukee. Outstanding among its diversified plant- The Morton Arboretum was estab- ings are the perennial border, peony lished by Joy Morton, whose father—J. collection, , herb garden, Sterling Morton—founded Arbor Day. rock garden and the field trials of an- This extensive arboretum of over 1,200 nuals. acres contains outstanding collections of a wide variety of trees and shrubs that have been arranged for maximum Botanic Garden of landscape effect. The arboretum has a the Chicago Horticultural Society number of fine and an ex- Box 90, Glencoe, 111. 60022 cellent hedge collection.

This major botanic garden is still under development but open to the Missouri Botanical Garden public. The 300-acre site is composed 2315 Tower Grove Road, of 240 acres of rolling land and 60 acres St. Louis, Mo. 63110 of water with nine islands. Major fea- tures for the public at this time are the Founded in 1859, this is the oldest Home Landscape Center with its dem- botanical garden in existence in this onstration gardens planted with the best country. The garden is well known to trees and shrubs for the Chicago area the scientific community throughout the and highlighted with spring bulbs and world and to local citizens. It gained annuals, and a nature with Braille national prominence with the building labels. of the Climatron, a geodesic dome made of aluminum and plexiglass, for the dis- play of tropical plants. The garden has excellent collections of orchids and wa- Sperry Road terlilies, and wide selections of trees Mentor, Ohio 44060 and shrubs.

This slowly evolving arboretum is Also, Beal-Garfield Botanic Gar- located on over 2,000 acres of rolling den, Michigan State University, East land east of Cleveland. Some of its out- Lansing; Dawes Arboretum, Newark, standing features are Stebbin Gulch, a Ohio; Garfield and Lincoln Park Con- gorge which reveals the geologic past servatories, Chicago; Mt. Airy Arbore- of the area and provides a site for sub- tum and Stanley M. Rowe Arboretum, arctic plant life left by the retreating Cincinnati, Ohio; University of Michi- glaciers, and ever increasing plant col- gan Arboretum, Ann Arbor; University lections of lilacs; ornamental fruit trees, of Minnesota Landscape Arboretum, St. , nut trees, rhododendrons and Paul; University of Arbore- azaleas. tum, Madison.

269 Rocky Mountains, Southwest and demonstration gardens show how West Coast plants, landscape construction materials, and outdoor furniture can be combined in practical and pleasing combinations. Denver Botanical Garden 909 York Street, Denver, Colo. 80206 Santa Barbara Botanic Garden 1212 Mission Canyon Road, This relatively nev^ garden is rap- Santa Barbara, Cal 93105 idly developing into a major botanic garden. The huge conservatory houses This is an excellent place to see a v^dde variety of tropical plants. Out- native California plants. These plants door plantings contain a wide variety are grown in landscape settings for dis- of perennials and there is an extensive play and for experimentation to deter- collection of iris. mine their adaptation to ornamental

Desert Botanical Garden of Arizona Strybing Arboretum and Tempe, Ariz. 85281 Botanic Garden Golden Gate State Park, Chief function of this botanical San Francisco, Cal 94118 garden is to grow, display and study desert plants from all the world's des- Plants from all over the world are erts. The garden has a display green- grouped according to the region of house and good collections of agave, origin. Other plantings include demon- and yuccas. stration gardens, a garden of fragrance, test area, a rock garden featuring dwarf conifers, and a five- Himtington Botanical Gardens acre area devoted to 300 species of San Marino, Gal. 91108 native California plants.

The botanic garden provides a set- ting for the and for the Art Gallery that houses Gains- Arboretum borough's famous "Blue Boy." The , Wash. 98105 planting of cacti and succulents is es- pecially outstanding. There is also a The favorable climate of this area , a Japanese Gar- makes it possible to grow a very wide den, and an extensive collection of range of plants. The arboretum plant- camellias. ings are especially rich in broadleaved evergreens, and particularly rhododen- drons, camellias and hollies. Other well Los Angeles State and County represented plant groups are the Arboretum and pines. The excellent Japanese gar- 301 North Baldwin Avenue, den is very rich in plant species. Arcadia, Gal. 91006 Also, Boyce Thompson Southwest Since its beginning in 1948, this Arboretum, Superior, Ariz.; Fort Worth arboretum has distinguished itself in Botanic Garden, Fort Worth, Tex.; developing plantings and programs to Descanso Gardens, La Canada, Calif.; relate botany and horticulture to the , Portland, Ore.; Ran- people of this large metropolitan area. cho Santa Ana Botanic Garden, Clare- It is rich in plants native to the Medi- mont, Calif.; University of California terranean region and Austraha. The Botanical Garden, Berkeley.

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