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NACHINGWALI EMERALD MINE GEOLOGICAL SUMMARY Page 2 of 46 CONFIDENTIALITY STATEMENT

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NACHINGWALI EMERALD MINE GEOLOGICAL SUMMARY Page 2 of 46 CONFIDENTIALITY STATEMENT NACHINGWALI EMERALD MINE GEOLOGICAL SUMMARY Page 2 of 46 CONFIDENTIALITY STATEMENT This report contains confidential information which cannot be divulged to third Parties without the written consent of Messer’s Nachingwali Enterprises Limited and their partners. Page 3 of 46 CONTENTS PAGE 1.0 Introduction 6 1.1 Legislation 6 1.2 License / mining right 6 1.3 Location and access of Nachingwali mine - plot 67 6 Location of Kafubu Emerald Area on Zambia map (Red square) 7 Zambian map showing Provinces 8 1.4 Figure showing size and coordinates of Nachingwali mine 9 Map showing boundary of Nachingwali mine 10 1.5 Objectives of Exploration 10 1.6 Physiogeography 11 1.7 History of the Emerald prospecting and exploration in Ndola Rural (Kafubu) 11 Emerald restricted Area 1.8 Geological controls of Emeralds mineralization in Ndola Rural(Kafubu) 12 Emerald restricted Area 1.9 Prospecting and Exploration techniques used 12 1.9.1 Geophysical magnetic survey 12 1.9.2 Geophysical radiometric survey 12 1.9.3 Geological mapping 13 1.9.4 Core drilling 13 1.9.5 Petrography analysis 13 1.9.6 Geochemical analysis 13 2.0 Previous works on Nachingwali mineral property 13 2.1 Geophysical magnetic survey 13 2.2 Pitting and Trenching 14 2.3 Geological mapping and Pit/ Trench Logging 14 2.4 Core drilling 14 Table 1: Drill holes positions, drill angle, hole bearing and drilled depth 14 3.0 Current work on Nachingwali mineral property 15 3.1 Exploration methods, procedures and instrumentation 15 3.1.1 Grid cutting 15 3.1.2 Old grid 15 3.1.3 Western grid 15 3.1.4 Eastern grid 15 3.1.5 Geophysical magnetic and radiometric survey 16 Table 2: Summary of the geophysical survey parameters 16 3.1.6 Geophysical mapping and Pit / Trenching logging 16 3.1.7 Core logging, sampling and sample analysis 17 Table 3: Sample numbers, drill hole numbers and sampled depth 17 Table 3: Continues 18 3.2 Exploration results 19 3.2.1 Magnetic results 19 3.2.2 Radiometric results 19 3.2.3 Analysis results 20 3.2.4 Microscopic Analysis results 22 Table 4: Grid location and depth of emerald – bearing thin section 22 Page 4 of 46 Table of contents continued CONTENTS PAGE 3.2.5 Geochemical analysis results 23 3.3 Discussions 23 4.0 Laboratory study of sampled rocks 23 Introduction 23 Results 24 DH 1.6 Chlorite schist 24 DH 2.1 Actinolite – mica schist 25 DH 4.5 Mica schist 26 DH 4.6 Actinolite – Chlorite schist 27 DH 5.8 Tremolite mica schist 28 Laboratory conclusion and recommendation 29 5.0 Geological conclusion 30 Recommendation 30 Table 5: Mining plan to be 7used on the following parameter 30 Memorandum of risk 31 Figure: Distribution of various mineral deposits and occurrences in Zambia 32 Figure: Old Grid, Eastern Grid and Western Grid locations 33 Figure: Total Field Magnetic map – Western Grid 34 Figure: Total Field Magnetic map – Eastern Grid 35 Figure: Radiometric map – Old Grid 36 Figure: Radiometric map - Western Grid 37 Figure: Radiometric map - Eastern Grid 38 Figure: Core Log – ( incorporating microscopic and Geochemical 39 Analysis Result Figure: Map showing recommended pit site, Dump site and camp 40 site. Figure: Total Magnetic Intensity data 41 Photo: Exposed Tourmalinite vein 42 Photos: Exposed Tourmalinite vein 43 Photo: Excavated and exposed Tourmalinite vein 44 Photo: Drill cores from drilled holes 45 Copy: Nachingwali mining License 46 Page 5 of 46 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Legislation Messrs NACHINGWALI ENTERPRISES LIMITED (NEL) holds the mining rights (Gemstone License) over the Nachingwali Mineral Property, Plot 67, Ndola Rural (Kafubu) Emerald Restricted Area, Zambia. 1.2 License/ Mining right Messrs NACHINGWALI ENTERPRISES LIMITED (NEL) holds license number 13630-HQ- SGL 1.3 Location and access of the Nachingwali Mineral Property. It is located about 65Km from the nearest town, Kitwe. It is covered by quarter degree sheet 1328 Al. Figure 1, presents the location map of Ndola Rural Emerald Restricted Area on the Copperbelt Province. Figure 2 presents the location map of the Provinces of the Republic of Zambia The Ndola Rural Emerald Restricted Area is commonly known as the Kafubu Emerald Area after the Kafubu River which is the main river passing through the first emerald deposits to be discovered along the area. The mineral property lies on the NKABASHILA EMERALD PROSPECT to the south of the Mitondo Stream, a tributary of the Kafue River. Access to Plot 67 is by a tarred road from Kitwe to Kalulushi (about 15Km) and, the rest of the way (about 40km), by a gravel road through Chief Nkana’s Farm Block. The road is good except for a few places that are only passable using four wheel drive (4WD) vehicles during the rainy season. Page 6 of 46 FIGURE 01 Page 7 of 46 ABOVE: COPPERBELT PROVINCE SHOWING DISTRICTS. (Note: Lufwanyama district) FIGURE 02 Page 8 of 46 1.4 Size of the Nachingwali Mineral Property The Nachingwali Mineral Property measures about 99.5 hectares in size. FIGURE 3a above and 3b below: Shows the size and boundaries of Nachingwali mine plot 67 Page 9 of 46 ABOVE FIGURE 3b: Nachingwali mine is plot 67 and marked with red boundary on the map 1.5 Objectives of the Exploration The main objectives of the exploration were; a. To identify emerald occurrence localities. b. To determine the best site for the mining pit. c. To determine the dump site. d. To determine the new campsite. Page 10 of 46 1.6 Physiogeography Most of the land on the Nachingwali Mineral Property lies between 1200m and 1210m above sea level. The land is fairly flat. The Nachingwali Mineral Property is forested by the deciduous savannah - type Woodland. 1.7 History of the Emerald Prospecting and Exploration in Ndola Rural / (Kafubu) Emerald Restricted Area The first discovery of beryl in the Kafubu Area was made in 1928 by Dicks and Baker, geologists of the Rhodesia Congo Border Concession Company (Baker, 1931). Dicks and Baker concluded their investigations in 1931 upon which they concluded that the deposit had little economic significance. In the 1940’s the deposit was further investigated by RHOKANA Company, which was followed by Rio Tinto Mineral Search of Africa in-the 1950’s. This led to the commencement of mining for emerald, in 1967 by a small private company, MIKU ENTERPRISES Limited. The rights of MIKU area were later taken over by MINDECO LIMITED, a government-owned company in 1971. Local inhabitants discovered the deposits Kamakanga, PIRALA, FIBOLELE and FWAYA- FWAYA, which led to significant production in 1974. In 1977, systematic exploration by MINDEX, at this time the exploration department of the parastatal company Mining Development Corporation, MINDECO, was conducted. The program involved geological mapping, geophysical and geochemical surveys. The exploration covered major mining plots including KAGEM, KAMAKANGA, PIRALA, FWAYA-FWAYA, FIBOLELE and the then MINDECO Small Mines. In 1980, a new Government controlled agency, the Reserved Minerals Corporation, was set up to conduct exploration and mining. The work of Reserved Minerals Corporation led to the delineation of a mineralization area of about 170Km squared. The area has since increased significantly following further exploration that has been conducted by individual geologists and MINEX, the mineral exploration department of the defunct Zambia Industrial and Mining Corporation, ZIMCO. Currently the Kafubu Emerald Restricted Area produces about 20% of rough emeralds for the world market. The most productive mines in the area are Kagem mining company limited, Kuber (Kamakanga) group of companies, Pirala mining cooperative society limited and, lately, Grizzly Mining Limited. Page 11 of 46 1.8 Geological Controls of Emeralds Mineralization in Ndola Rural (Kafubu) Emerald area In the Kafubu Emerald Area, the Biotite phlogopite schist is the main host rock for the emeralds while the talc-magnetite schist is the minor ore (Hickman, A.C.J, 1972). The Biotite-phlogopite schist occurs in relatively thin zones around the tourmaline- quartz veins that have been emplaced in the talc-magnetite schist. It appears to have been formed by the reaction between the talc-magnetite schist and the hot tourmaline- quartz vein-forming fluids during the emplacement of the latter. The tourmaline-quartz veins were the source of beryllium, the element that led to the formation of the mineral beryl. The talc-magnetite schist, a metamorphosed ultramafic rock, was the source of chromium, the element needed to transform beryl to emerald i.e. the element that provides the green color in emerald. 1.9 Prospecting and Exploration Techniques used in Ndola Rural (Kafubu) Emerald Restricted Area. The mapping of the talc-magnetite schist with tourmaline-quartz veins emplaced in it effectively maps the areas of most probable emerald mineralization. Therefore, field techniques applied in this area target the talc-magnetite, the tourmaline-quartz veins or both. Laboratory analysis is meant to investigate the possible occurrence of emeralds in the rocks. 1.9.1 Geophysical Magnetic Survey Geophysical magnetic are used to delineate areas underlain by the talc-magnetite schist because this schist has a higher magnetic susceptibility than the other rocks in the area due to its magnetic content. A magnetometer is used for this survey. 1.9.2 Geophysical Radiometric Survey Geophysical radiometric are used to delineate areas underlain by the tourmaline-quartz veins by measuring radiation. Tourmaline-quartz veins emit more radiation than the other rocks in the area due to the radioactive elements associated with tourmalinisation. A spectrometer is used for this survey Page 12 of 46 1.9 .3 Geological Mapping Ground traverses and logging of excavations are used to map rock outcrops.
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