DOCSLIB.ORG

Print This Article

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Print This Article International Journal of Research e-ISSN: 2348-6848 p-ISSN: 2348-795X Available at https://edupediapublications.org/journals Volume 04 Issue 10 September 2017 Punjab Polity in the Earlier Decade of Eighteenth Century- A Historical Review Amit Research Scholar, Dept. of History M.D.U., Rohtak Abstract: Guru Gobind Singh prepared the ground for the political developments in the end of seventeenth century by establishment of Khalsa. Guru Gobind Singh choose Banda Singh Bahadur to lead Sikhs in Punjab. Banda Singh started with few companions but bacause he was looked up by the defeder of the faith and companion of the oppressed. He was joined by thousands of Sikhs to punish the tyrant Mughals and their forces. Banda Singh fought bravely and created such a will in the ordinary masses to resist tyranny that he developed the Mughal forces in battle after battle and laid the foundation of the Sikh empire, and in 1710 established Khalsa Raj in Punjab. He abolished the Zamidari system and treated everybody justly and equally. Enraged by the success and popularity of Banda Singh, the Mughal emperor ordered the government of Lahore and other governors of ajjoining area to collectively orgnize themselves and to destroy the power of Banda Bahadur. Banda Singh along with around seven hundreds of Sikhs was captured and taken to Delhi where all the captured Sikhs were brutally put to death publicly over a period of few days. Keywords: Sikh, Khalsa, , Mughals, Guru, Ashram , Banda, Dera, Mushlims Introduction: Khalsa at the Keshgarh assembly. A Sikh historian says that 'before the eighteenth Sikh inspired by Guru Gobind Singh's century started the basis framework of leadership and organised in the Khalsa. political ideas had already been worked Guru Gobind Singh decided that the time out'. Guru Gobind Singh prepared the had arrived when 'Silent Worshippers' must ground for the political developments in the convert themselves into 'heros who face Eighteenth century. the steel of their enemies'. The creation of Khalsa is justly regarded as Guru Gobind The eighteenth century opened with policy Singh's greatest achievement. The principle of supression of Sikhs by Mughal was established that the Guru and disciple Government. In the first decade, Anandpur were equals and the guru's traditional Sahib was besieged by huge Mughal army function of initiating the novices in the faith which come to be aid to the aid of Pahari could be performedby any five Sikhs as Hindu Rajas (Rajas of Hill Kingdoms) representatives of the Khalsa. An interval of ongoing effort to subjugate the Sikhs. They about nine years separates the abolition of wanted to dislodge Guru Gobind Singh personal Guruship (1708) from the birth of from Anandpur Sahib. These aggressive compaigns resulted in the martyrdom of the Available online: https://edupediapublications.org/journals/index.php/IJR/ P a g e | 1779 International Journal of Research e-ISSN: 2348-6848 p-ISSN: 2348-795X Available at https://edupediapublications.org/journals Volume 04 Issue 10 September 2017 four sons of Guru Gobind Singh from the name of Banda Singh Bahadur. Banda Anandpur Sahib. then made an army general bu Guru, who fell on the cruel rulers of Punjab like a Guru Gobind Singh tried for many months storm and cloud burst. to persuade Bahadur Shah to take action against Wazir Khan before he arrived at In October, 1708, at Nander, Guru Gobind conclusion that he would obtain no justice Singh sent Banda Singh to Punjab and from the Mughals. He continued to advice him to put a stop to the cruelty of negotiate with the emperor, but decided to Punjab rulers, punish the guilty and cruel sent one of his followers to the Punjab to misrulers, to fight for human rights, uplift rouse the peasantry in the event that the and strengthen the poor. The Guru blessed negotiations proved fruitless. Although him with Sikh Sangats, five arrows, a double there were many old and trusted disciples edged sword, a big leather mounted drum with him. The choice fell on a comparative and sent with him five Sikhs named: Bhai stronger who the Guru had known for only Daya Singh, Bhai Binod Singh, Bhai Kahan a few weeks. This was an ascetic named Singh, Bhai Bijay Singh and Bhai Ran Singh. Lachman Das, who was born in October Another twenty five Sikhs as companions 1670 in Rajput family in Rajouri, Kashmir. and fighters. Guru had already created He became follower of Sadhu Ram Das of Khalsa, prepared Banda Sigh Bahadur and Ram Tamman near Lahore. After some time sent him to Punjab. he followed Janki Das. His name was It was first time in the Sikh history that changes to Madho Das. While moving from Sikhs were attakers and offansives but their place to place, he reached Punchvati near aim was same as earlier. Banda Singh was Nasik in Maharastra and became follower on the way to Punjab, when Guru Gobind Sadhu Aughhar Nath. Aughhar Nath expired Singh after giving Guruship to the in 1691. Thus at the age of twenty one everlastingShabad Guru-Guru Granth Sahib, years, Madho Das, the Rajput youth had left his world. After reaching Punjab, attained miraculous powers and reached Banda Singh sent Guru's message to the Nander to set up his own Ashram. Sikhs all over Punjab, Kashmir and In September 1708 Guru Gobind Singh Afganistan. News of passinf away of their along with few Sikhs reached at the Ashram dear Guru, Guru Gobind Singh added fuel to of Madho Das Bairagi. At that time he was the fire for fighting the Mughal rulers and not in his dera. The Guru took his seat and making sacrifices. Listening to the call of the Sikhs spread all over the dear to arrange Banda Singh at the behest of Guru, Sikhs and cook food. "Guru I am your Banda". He started joining Banda Singh. In a short assured Guru Sahib to do as per his advice. period Banda Singhhad 4000 horse The Guru started in his Dera for a few days. ridersand 7800 artillery Sikh with him. After He was given 'Amrit' and named Guru some more time the strength of 40000 Bakhash Singh but remained famous with worriors was at his command. His army Available online: https://edupediapublications.org/journals/index.php/IJR/ P a g e | 1780 International Journal of Research e-ISSN: 2348-6848 p-ISSN: 2348-795X Available at https://edupediapublications.org/journals Volume 04 Issue 10 September 2017 consisted by four type of people. The administrative unit of Banda. Damala was followers (from Punjab, Kandhar, Multan, the village of Pathans who had deserted Kashmir) God fearing Muslims, poor and Guru Gobind Singh Ji in the battle of low caste and some unknown selfish with Bhangani, it was ravaged. Shahbad the intention of loot. Markanda also fell to Banda. Sadhaura 25 kms distant in the leadership of Usman To meet financial needs, Banda Singh made khan. Here the muslim population appeals to big businessmen of that time. maltreatedthe local Hindus. Banda attacked After meeting the basic requirements in the town and destroyed it. Feb. 1709, he started attacking various towns and conquered various areas. Banda The ultimate aim of Banda was to punish arrived at Narnaul, there he saws the Wazir Khan and conquer Sarhind. He complete destruction of Satnamis. Banda wanted to study military resources of suppressed some decoits and robbers and Sarhind. He was anaxious to see what steps stable Narnaul. In Hissar, he was well government will take against him. He received by Hindus and Sikhs as a leader of therefore established his head-quarters in the nationalist movement and deputy of the beginningof 1710, at Mukhlispur Guru Gobind Singh. In Tohana, Band issued situated in lower Shiwalik Hills south of letters to Malwa Sikhs to join in his crusade Nahan, about 25 kms from Sadhaura. The against Wazir Khanof Sarhind. At Sonipat, name of Mukhlispur was changed to fifty kilometers of Delhi in North, early in Lohgarh and it become the capital of first November 1709, Banda commanded about Sikh state. Banda established the peasant 500 followers . He attacked Government proprietorship and won approbation and treasury, plundered it and distributed it support of the overhelming majority of among his retinue. Near Kaithal, Banda population. He devoted three montsin seized a government treasury which was its organising his civil and military way from the northern districts to Delhi. administration. Delhi government had made no attempt to recover their lost Samana, 50 Kilometers North was the territory from him. Wazir Khan of Sirhind native place of Jalal-ud-did Jallad, the was making his own preparations professional executioner, who had independently to meet the danger from beheaded Guru Teg Bahadur, while his sons Banda. had beheaded to younger sons of Guru Gobind Singh. Anandpur also belong to Banda organise his army in his foce most of Samana, it was an accursed place in the were untrained, raw levies, not full armed. eyes of Sikhs. Banda fell upon the town on Banda possessed no elephants, no good 26 November 1709. The inhabitants were horses and no gunes. His followers had massacred in cold blood and town matchlocks, spears, swords, bows and thoroughly squeezed. Samana was the first arrows. On the other side Wazir Khan territorial conquest and the first joined by the nawab of Malerkotla and all Available online: https://edupediapublications.org/journals/index.php/IJR/ P a g e | 1781 International Journal of Research e-ISSN: 2348-6848 p-ISSN: 2348-795X Available at https://edupediapublications.org/journals Volume 04 Issue 10 September 2017 other Muslim chiefs and Jagirdars. The total and his companions and executed them in number of Sikh troops are fourty thousands Delhi in 1716.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Banda Bahadur
    =0) |0 Sohan Singh Banda the Brave ^t:- ;^^^^tr^ y^-'^;?^ -g^S?^ All rights reserved. 1 € 7?^ ^jfiiai-g # oft «3<3 % mm "C BANDA THE BRAVE BY 8HAI SOHAN SINfiH SHER-I-BABAE. Published by Bhai NARAiN SINGH Gyani, Makaqeb, The Puiyabi Novelist Co,, MUZAm, LAHORE. 1915. \^t Edition?^ 1000 Copies. [Pmy 7 Hupef. 1 § J^ ?'Rl3]f tft oft ^30 II BANDA THE BRAVE OR The Life and Exploits OF BANDA BAHADUB Bliai SoJiaii Siiigli Shei-i-Babar of Ciiijrainvala, Secretarv, Office of the Siiperiiitendeiit, FARIDKOT STATE. Fofiuerly Editor, the Sikhs and Sikhism, and ' the Khalsa Advocate ; Author of A Tale of Woe/ *Parem Soma/ &c., &c. PXJ]E>irjrABX I^O^irElL,IST CO., MUZANG, LAHORE. Ut Edition, Price 1 Rupee. PRINTED AT THE EMPIRE PRESS, LAHORE. — V y U L — :o: My beloved Saviour, Sri Guru Gobind Singh Ji Kalgi Dhar Maharaj I You sacrificed your loving father and four darlings and saved us, the ungrateful people. As the subject of this little book is but a part and parcel of the great immortal work that you did, and relates to the brilliant exploits and achievements of your de- voted Sikhs, I dedicate it to your holy name, in token of the deepest debt of gratitude you have placed me and mine under, in the fervent hope that it may be of some service to your beloved Panth. SOHAN SINGH. FREFAOE. In my case, it is ray own family traditions that actuated me to take up my pen to write this piece of Sikh History. Sikhism in my family began with my great great grand father, Bhai Mansa Singh of Khcm Karn, Avho having received Amrita joined the Budha Dal, and afterwards accompanied Sardar Charat Singh to Giijranwala.
    [Show full text]
  • A Man Called Banda © 2019 Rupinder Singh Brar, Yuba City, CA
    A Man Called Banda © 2019 Rupinder Singh Brar, Yuba City, CA. All rights reserved. No portion of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage or retrieval process, without permission in writing from the publisher. -- Cataloging-in-Publication Data Brar, Rupinder S. 1961-, author A Man Called Banda / by Rupinder S. Brar ; 2019. | Includes bibliographical references. pages ; cm Front cover: A silhouette of a statue of Banda Bahadur from a monument to him at Chappar Chiri, Punjab, India 8 A MAN CALLED BANDA Rupinder Singh Brar 10 Table of Contents The Prophet and the Ascetic 6 The Road to Chappar Chiri 15 Provisions Arms and Victory 20 The Guru Will Protect You 28 Two and a Half Strikes 34 Defeat Defiance and Redemption 40 Life and Death in the Garden of Good and Evil 47 The Age of the Mughals 50 The House of Nanak and the House of Babur 58 The Empire in Crisis 65 The Khalsa Revolution 72 Just War: 77 A Moral Case for Rebellion 77 Assessing a Legend: 85 The Ethics of Banda’s War 85 Bandhi Bir 94 12 PART I COMES A WARRIOR BRAVE Chapter 1 The Prophet and the Ascetic Meticulously maintained weather charts at NASA confirm that on September 14th, 1708, a solar eclipse was witnessed in the northern hemisphere that included almost all parts of India. On that day, many historians believe, an unknown ascetic named Madho Das became a disciple of Guru Gobind Singh and came to be known as Banda.
    [Show full text]
  • Sikhism Reinterpreted: the Creation of Sikh Identity
    Lake Forest College Lake Forest College Publications Senior Theses Student Publications 4-16-2014 Sikhism Reinterpreted: The rC eation of Sikh Identity Brittany Fay Puller Lake Forest College, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://publications.lakeforest.edu/seniortheses Part of the Asian History Commons, History of Religion Commons, and the Religion Commons Recommended Citation Puller, Brittany Fay, "Sikhism Reinterpreted: The rC eation of Sikh Identity" (2014). Senior Theses. This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Publications at Lake Forest College Publications. It has been accepted for inclusion in Senior Theses by an authorized administrator of Lake Forest College Publications. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Sikhism Reinterpreted: The rC eation of Sikh Identity Abstract The iS kh identity has been misinterpreted and redefined amidst the contemporary political inclinations of elitist Sikh organizations and the British census, which caused the revival and alteration of Sikh history. This thesis serves as a historical timeline of Punjab’s religious transitions, first identifying Sikhism’s emergence and pluralism among Bhakti Hinduism and Chishti Sufism, then analyzing the effects of Sikhism’s conduct codes in favor of militancy following the human Guruship’s termination, and finally recognizing the identity-driven politics of colonialism that led to the partition of Punjabi land and identity in 1947. Contemporary practices of ritualism within Hinduism, Chishti Sufism, and Sikhism were also explored through research at the Golden Temple, Gurudwara Tapiana Sahib Bhagat Namdevji, and Haider Shaikh dargah, which were found to share identical features of Punjabi religious worship tradition that dated back to their origins.
    [Show full text]
  • Medieval History of Punjab Battles of Guru Gobind Singh Ji
    MEDIEVAL HISTORY OF PUNJAB BATTLES OF GURU GOBIND SINGH JI Battles of Guru Gobind Singh: Guru Gobind Singh assumed Guruship in 1675 when he was only nine years old.He had to fight many battes against the hill Rajas and Mughals His battles may be described under the following heads: A.Battles of the Pre-Khalsa Period(1675-1699) B.Battles of the Post-Khalsa Period(1699-1708) Battles of the Pre-Khalsa Period(1675-1699): 1.Battle of Bhangani(1688): Guru Gobind Singh fought his first battle at Bhangani(situated on the bank of river Giri)(about 10kms from Paonta)in 1688.On the one side was Guru Gobind Singh and on the other side Raja Bhim Chand of Kahlur(Bilaspur)&other hill chiefs.Guru Gobind Singh came out victorious.After this battle Bhim Chand and other Rajput Rajas became friends of the Guru. 2.Battle of Nadaun(1690): As the hill Rajas had now refused to pay annual tribute to the Mughals a force was sent against them under Alif Khan.Guru Gobind Singh sided with the hill Rajas.A battle was fought in 1690 at Nadaun(situated on the banks of river Beas,about 30kms in the south of Kangra).In this battle,Alif Khan was defeated and the Guru and his allies carried the day. Battles of the Post-Khalsa Period(1699-1708): 1.First Battle of Anandpur(1701): Two years after the creation of Khalsa(1699),Raja Bhim Chand and other hill chiefs attacked the fort of Anandpur.Guru Gobind Singh and his Sikhs offered a stout resistance.At last hill Rajas made a compromise with the Guru and later retired to the village Nirmoh.
    [Show full text]
  • Lesson 3 Last Class
    Lesson 3 Last Class... The actions of Gurbaksh Singh and the Rise of the Sikh Empire Who was Gurbaskh Singh? • Conflicting stories – Born in 1670 his name was Lashman Das – Intelligent and strong – During a hunting trip he shot a female deer (doe) • Doe was pregnant and both doe and child died – Caused change in him – Joined group of Bairagi Sadhus and became Narayan Das more commonly known as Madho Das – Joined group of Bairagi Sadhus and became Narayan Das more commonly known as Madho Das – Learned all manner of Trantric Mantras – Settled in Nanded and became a hermit Madho Das to Gurbaksh Singh • Sri Guru Gobind Singh Ji went to the ashram of Madho Das • He wasn’t there at the time and Guru Ji had the Sikhs prepare food • Madho Das returned, enraged he tried to use mantras against Guru Ji • Upon failing he gave up and was eventually blessed by Guru Ji Madho Das to Gurbaksh Singh • Guru Ji instructed him to give up his current life and become a true warrior fighting for righteousness • At the time Bahadur Shah refused to punish the Governor of Sirhind, Nawab Wazir Khan • Guru Ji supplied him with five gold tipped arrow, a nishan Sahib (flag) and a nagara (war drum). – Possibly sword and bow • Also blessed him with a Hukumnamah instructing other Sikhs to join him against the tyranny of the Mughals Madho Das to Gurbaksh Singh • Guru Ji instructed him to give up his current life and become a true warrior fighting for righteousness • At the time Bahadur Shah refused to punish the Governor of Sirhind, Nawab Wazir Khan • Guru Ji supplied him with five gold tipped arrow, a nishan Sahib (flag) and a nagara (war drum).
    [Show full text]
  • Disaster Management Plan Fatehgarh Sahib(2020-21)
    1 Disaster Management Plan Fatehgarh Sahib(2020-21) Office of Deputy Commissioner, Fatehgarh Sahib (Amrit Kaur Gill, IAS). Deputy Commissioner,Fatehgarh Sahib Chairperson, DDMA, Fatehgarh Sahib CONTENTS Chapter-1 Introduction 1.1. Disaster 1.2. District Background 1.2.1. Location, General Boundary and Area 1.2.2. Administrative Setup 1.3. Topography 1.4. Climate 1.4.1. Rainfall 1.5. Objective and Goal of the Plan 1.6. Scope of Plan 1.7. Necessity of the Plan 1.8. The main features of Disaster Management Plan 1.9. Concept of Operation Chapter-2 Floods 2.1 Disaster Identification in Fatehgarh Sahib. 2.2. History of Disasters in the District 2.3. Vulnerability Assessment of the District 2.3.1. Physical Vulnerability 2.4. Risk Analysis of the District Chapter-3 Institutional Arrangement for DM 3.1. Disaster Management Institutional Mechanisms 3.2. Central Government 3.3. Institutional Mechanisms at State Level 3.3.1. Punjab State Disaster Management Authority (PSDMA) 3.3.2. Centre for Disaster Management MGSIPAP 3.3.3. State Disaster Management Authority (SDRF) 3.4. Institutional Mechanisms at District Level 3.4.1. District Disaster Management Authority (DDMA), FGS Chapter-4 Prevention and Mitigation Measures 4.1. Structural Mitigation &. Non Structural Mitigation Chapter-5 Preparedness Measures 5.1. Incident Response Team (IRT) 5.2. District Emergency Operation Centre (DEOC) Chapter-6 Response and Relief measures 6.1. Declaration of Disaster 6.2. Implementation of District Disaster Management Plan 6.3. Disaster Reporting 6.4. Emergency Support Function 6.5. Relief Annexure 1: Resource Inventory of District Fatehgarh Sahib Annexure 2: List of Evacuation Centres Annexure 3: List of Youth Club Annexure 4: List of Important Numbers Annexure 5: List of Medical staff and available Medicines in stock Annexure 6: List of Divers,avilability of substitute roads & availability of sand bags CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION Disasters are not new to mankind.
    [Show full text]
  • Banda Singh Bahadur's Contribution for Establishment of a Great Sikh
    www.ijcrt.org © 2018 IJCRT | Volume 6, Issue 2 April 2018 | ISSN: 2320-2882 Banda Singh Bahadur’s Contribution for establishment of a great Sikh Kingdom 1st Author, Karamjit Kaur 2nd Author, Surbhjit kaur Bhullar 1st Author, Researchsecholar 2nd Author, Assistant Professor 1st Author, Guru kashi university Talwandi sabo 2nd Author, Guru kashi university Talwandi sabo ________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Abstract : Banda Singh Bahadur was one of the most remarkable men and warrier in India of the 18th century. He was the first Sikh who established of the great Sikh Kingdom in Punjab. He was a baptise Sikh of tenth Guru Gobind Singh. He challenged the Mughals and made cause the decline of Mughal empire. He fight against in justice. He was a great leader of progressism, savior of Khalsa, bravest, selfsacrificable. This paper discuss the briefly battles, martyr of Banda Singh Bahadur. In the eighteenth century history of Sikh struggle and sacrifices is so significant in Punjab &Indian history. This paper shows the various attempts and difficulties to establishment of first Sikh Raj and Khalsa Republic. This paper is based on authentic contemporary primary and secondary sources. IndexTerms - Banda Bahadur Leadership, Great Sikh, Mughal Sarkar. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I. INTRODUCTION In the eighteenth century in the Punjab was a period of great political upheaval and turmoil. Mughals Marathas and Afghans, strove with each other for supermacy. Their mutual fighting produced conditions of utter confusion and anarchy. The Sikhs become prominent in the Punjab region under Guru Gobind Singh Ji’s leadership and they are also credited to have challenged the mighty Mughal empire, ultimately paving the way for its collapse.
    [Show full text]
  • Punjab's Muslims
    63 Anna Bigelow: Punjab’s Muslims Punjab’s Muslims: The History and Significance of Malerkotla Anna Bigelow North Carolina State University ____________________________________________________________ Malerkotla’s reputation as a peaceful Muslim majority town in Punjab is overall true, but the situation today is not merely a modern extension of the past reality. On the contrary, Malerkotla’s history is full of the kind of violent events and complex inter-religious relations more often associated with present-day communal conflicts. This essay is a thick description of the community and culture of Malerkotla that has facilitated the positive inter-religious dynamics, an exploration of the histories that complicate the ideal, and an explanation of why Malerkotla has successfully managed stresses that have been the impetus for violence between religions in South Asia. ________________________________________________________ When the Punjabi town of Malerkotla appears in the news, it is often with headlines such as “Malerkotla: An Island of Peace,” (India Today, July 15, 1998), or “Malerkotla Muslims Feel Safer in India,” (Indian Express, August 13, 1997), or “Where Brotherhood is Handed Down as Tradition” (The Times of India, March 2, 2002). These headlines reflect the sad reality that a peaceful Muslim majority town in Indian Punjab is de facto newsworthy. This is compounded by Malerkotla’s symbolic importance as the most important Muslim majority town in the state, giving the area a somewhat exalted status.1 During a year and a half of research I asked residents whether the town’s reputation as a peaceful place was true and I was assured by most that this reputation is not merely a media or politically driven idealization of the town.
    [Show full text]
  • THE SIKH GURUS Lives, Works and Teachings
    THE SIKH GURUS Lives, Works and Teachings THE SIKH GURUS Lives, Works and Teachings A BRIEF DESCRIPTION Mukhtar Singh Goraya Publisher: Dr. Inderjit Kaur, President All India Pingalwara Charitable Society (Regd.), Amritsar THE SIKH GURUS LIVES, WORKS AND TEACHINGS A BRIEF DESCRIPTION Written by : Mukhtar Singh Goraya D-577, Ranjit Avenue, Amritsar - 143 001 Ph: +91-183-2501399 M: 98551-22568 © - Author First Edition : November, 2015 ISBN: 978-81-923150-5-8 Publisher : Dr. Inderjit Kaur, President All India Pingalwara Charitable Society (Regd.), Amritsar. Ph. no. 91-183-2584586, 2584713 E-mail: [email protected] FREE OF COST Printed at: Printwell, 146, Industrial Focal Point, Amritsar. Dedicated to The sacred memory of Bhagat Puran Singh, founder of *Pingalwara, working wherein, this author got the inspiration to write this book. *Pingalwara — a model of selfless service — is a home for the homeless, support for the supportless, a hospital for the sick, a cradle for the children, and a safe haven for young women — victims of domestic violence, social exploitation, etc. CONTENTS DESCRIPTION PAGE 1. Foreword 7 2. Introduction 11 3. Chapter: 1 Sri Guru Nanak Dev 13 4. Chapter: 2 Sri Guru Angad Dev 59 5. Chapter: 3 Sri Guru Amar Das 71 6. Chapter: 4 Sri Guru Ram Das 81 7. Chapter: 5 Sri Guru Arjan Dev 88 8. Chapter: 6 Sri Guru Hargobind 106 9. Chapter: 7 Sri Guru Har Rai 132 10. Chapter: 8 Sri Guru Har Krishan 138 11. Chapter: 9 Sri Guru Tegh Bahadur 142 12. Chapter:10 Sri Guru Gobind Singh 160 13. Chapter:11 Sri Guru Granth Sahib 210 14.
    [Show full text]
  • Baba Banda Singh Bahadur, Sikhs and Mughals in Punjab
    International Journal of Research in Economics and Social Sciences (IJRESS) Available online at : http://euroasiapub.org Vol. 6 Issue 11, November - 2016, pp. 497~502 ISSN(o): 2249-7382 | Impact Factor: 6.225 | Thomson Reuters ID: L-5236-2015 Baba Banda Singh Bahadur, Sikhs and Mughals in Punjab Dr. Vijender Singh, Assistant Professor, Department of History, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra ABSTRACTS The present study is an attempt to know the religious thoughts of Baba Banda Bahadur. The identity of the Sikhs as a brave community for defending the society from inimical forces has been firmly established by the heroic deeds of Banda Singh Bahadur who battled against the mighty forces of the Mughal tyrants. Treating religion as patriotism par excellence, it is no wonder that the first Sikh state was launched under his remarkable leadership signifying the triumph of unity for libration. At this juncture, the emergence of Banda Singh Bahadur heralded a new era by giving a clarion call of unity between all sections of society. Instilling righteousness, Dharma, upholding the dignity of the poor, he mobilized people to sacrifice personal and narrow interests at the altar of freedom. In the face of a serious challenge to the integrity of the nation, he fired the imagination of the masses for achieving a glorious future. This paper can be examining the curious work about Hindu-Sikh relation as they have evolved in recent times. Certain misgivings on this issue giving rise to militancy and terrorism. Banda Singh Bahadur and Sikh Sovereignty mighty get erased from the political psyche of the people who browse through the painstaking efforts.
    [Show full text]
  • Stories from Sikh History Book VI Banda Singh Bahadur
    Book-VI Hemkunt STORIES FROM SIKH HISTORY BOOK VI (Banda Sinah Bahadur & Rise of the Sikhs) • Kartar Singh 0urdia1 Singh Dhillon Edited by P.M. McCormack ~ Hemkunt Press A-7S NaraiDa IDdl. Area, Phaso-I, New Delhi-llOO28 e Hemkunt Press 1971 Ninth &vised Edition 1989 Twelth Impression 1992 Price Rs. 16 ISBN 81-701G-176-X In this series Book I (Guru Nanat Dev) Book n (Guru Hargobind to Guru Tch Bahadur) Book m (Guru ADpd to Guru AJjun Dev) Book IV (Guru Gobind Singh) Boot V (Sikh Martyrs) BootVI(BandaSiDab Bahadur& Rise ofthe Sikhs) Book vn (~a Radjit Singh &-thereaft.er) FOREWORD Moral' and religious instroetion, I am glad to find, is now beina J,ehabiliated inourschools. Ourcountry is secular, it is true, butthere is no'lienyiDa the fact that relisious and moral education haS a very useful functiOIl to serve. Modem psychology has emphasized that, ifthe child is given proper pidance' at his formative stqes, it win greatly help integme his pe1'IOIla1ity. The example ofthe teacher and his relations with students have a deep impression on the minds of students. Moral instruction, I feel, is better given by example than by precept. The great figures ofthe past, specially the heroes ofhistory, have shown mantind how to fight successfully against evil and face the /Cballengea, from time to time. , This boot teUs the story of the strugle of the Sikhs against the tyraDDical and oppressive role oftileMuslim KingsofIndia. Thestrugle wu no Jonpr simply for self-preseJ;Vation. It aimed at wresting power from the fanatic foreign Mughals and Pathans andestablishing Sikh Rule inthe PmU~ Afterthe deathd:GuruGobind Singh atNanded in 1708, SabaBanda Singll became the secularleaderofthe Sikhs.
    [Show full text]
  • Light and ISLAMIC REVIEW Exponent of Islam and the Lahore Ahmadiyya Movement for Over Eighty Years April – June 2010
    “Call to the path of thy Lord with wisdom and goodly exhortation, and argue with people in the best manner.” (Holy Quran, 16:125) The Light AND ISLAMIC REVIEW Exponent of Islam and the Lahore Ahmadiyya Movement for over eighty years April – June 2010 In the spirit of the above-cited verse, this periodical attempts to dispel misunderstandings about the religion of Islam and endeavors to facilitate inter-faith dialogue based on reason and rationality. Vol. 87 CONTENTS No. 2 Tolerance in Muslim-Sikh Relations in India: An Historical Appraisal . 3 By Prof. Henry Francis B. Espiritu Monotheism: A Review from an Islamic Perspective . 10 By Sadar-u-Dean Sahukhan The Purpose for the Existence of the Lahore Ahmadiyya Movement (in the words of Maulana Muhammad Ali) . 13 Compiled by Fazeel S. Khan, Esq. Published on the World-Wide Web at: www.muslim.org N Ahmadiyya Anjuman Isha‘at Islam Lahore Inc., U.S.A . N P.O. Box 3370, Dublin, Ohio 43016, U.S.A. 2 THE LIGHT AND ISLAMIC REVIEW I APRIL – JUNE 2010 The Light was founded in 1921 as the organ of the AHMADIYYA ANJUMAN ISHA ‘AT ISLAM (Ahmadiyya Association for the Propaga tion of Islam) of About ourselves Lahore, Pakistan. The Islamic Review was published in England from 1913 for over 50 years, and in the U.S.A. from 1980 to 1991. The present Ahmadiyya Anjuman Isha‘at Islam Lahore periodical represents the beliefs of the worldwide branches of the has branches in many countries including: Ahmadiyya Anjuman Isha‘at Islam, Lahore. U.S.A.
    [Show full text]