Mughal - Sikh Relations: Revisited
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Sources of Maratha History: Indian Sources
1 SOURCES OF MARATHA HISTORY: INDIAN SOURCES Unit Structure : 1.0 Objectives 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Maratha Sources 1.3 Sanskrit Sources 1.4 Hindi Sources 1.5 Persian Sources 1.6 Summary 1.7 Additional Readings 1.8 Questions 1.0 OBJECTIVES After the completion of study of this unit the student will be able to:- 1. Understand the Marathi sources of the history of Marathas. 2. Explain the matter written in all Bakhars ranging from Sabhasad Bakhar to Tanjore Bakhar. 3. Know Shakavalies as a source of Maratha history. 4. Comprehend official files and diaries as source of Maratha history. 5. Understand the Sanskrit sources of the Maratha history. 6. Explain the Hindi sources of Maratha history. 7. Know the Persian sources of Maratha history. 1.1 INTRODUCTION The history of Marathas can be best studied with the help of first hand source material like Bakhars, State papers, court Histories, Chronicles and accounts of contemporary travelers, who came to India and made observations of Maharashtra during the period of Marathas. The Maratha scholars and historians had worked hard to construct the history of the land and people of Maharashtra. Among such scholars people like Kashinath Sane, Rajwade, Khare and Parasnis were well known luminaries in this field of history writing of Maratha. Kashinath Sane published a mass of original material like Bakhars, Sanads, letters and other state papers in his journal Kavyetihas Samgraha for more eleven years during the nineteenth century. There is much more them contribution of the Bharat Itihas Sanshodhan Mandal, Pune to this regard. -
Manifesto 2013: Pakistan People's Party Parliamentarians
Manifesto 2013 We badly need to gather our thoughts and clear our minds. We need a political ceasefire without conceding ideological territory. Quaid-e-Awam Shaheed Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, Founder Chairman of the Pakistan People’s Party, President and Prime Minister of Pakistan Pakistan People’s Party Parliamentarians Manifesto Manifesto Contents 2013 2013 International human rights instruments and Pakistan 32 Core priorities 2 Civil society 32 Preamble 8 Enforced disappearances and missing persons 32 The mission before us 8 Strengthening ties with overseas Pakistanis 32 Living up to our commitments 9 Our pledge to the people of Pakistan 10 Part III – Inclusive and equitable growth Basic principles of the Party 11 Executive summary 34 Why vote for the PPPP? 12 Living up to our commitments 36 Part I – Ensuring basic needs The way forward 37 Poverty alleviation: the Benazir Income Support Programme 40 Executive summary 14 People’s employment 40 Living up to our commitments 15 The right to employment 41 The way forward 17 Modernizing agriculture and enhancing production 41 Safety nets: Benazir Income Support Programme 17 Expansion and consolidation of agricultural facilities 41 A new beginning: building a system of entitlements 17 People’s Agriculture Programme 42 Health for all 17 Livestock and fisheries 43 Preventive medicine 18 Investment policy 43 Curative medicine 18 Small and medium enterprise 43 Regulation of drugs and medical devices 19 Special economic zones 43 National health insurance 19 Banking 43 Reforming medical education 19 -
Political Development, the People's Party of Pakistan and the Elections of 1970
University of Massachusetts Amherst ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst Masters Theses 1911 - February 2014 1973 Political development, the People's Party of Pakistan and the elections of 1970. Meenakshi Gopinath University of Massachusetts Amherst Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umass.edu/theses Gopinath, Meenakshi, "Political development, the People's Party of Pakistan and the elections of 1970." (1973). Masters Theses 1911 - February 2014. 2461. Retrieved from https://scholarworks.umass.edu/theses/2461 This thesis is brought to you for free and open access by ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. It has been accepted for inclusion in Masters Theses 1911 - February 2014 by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. For more information, please contact [email protected]. FIVE COLLEGE DEPOSITORY POLITICAL DEVELOPMENT, THE PEOPLE'S PARTY OF PAKISTAN AND THE ELECTIONS OF 1970 A Thesis Presented By Meenakshi Gopinath Submitted to the Graduate School of the University of Massachusetts in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS June 1973 Political Science POLITICAL DEVELOPMENT, THE PEOPLE'S PARTY OF PAKISTAN AND THE ELECTIONS OF 1970 A Thesis Presented By Meenakshi Gopinath Approved as to style and content hy: Prof. Anwar Syed (Chairman of Committee) f. Glen Gordon (Head of Department) Prof. Fred A. Kramer (Member) June 1973 ACKNOWLEDGMENT My deepest gratitude is extended to my adviser, Professor Anwar Syed, who initiated in me an interest in Pakistani poli- tics. Working with such a dedicated educator and academician was, for me, a totally enriching experience. I wish to ex- press my sincere appreciation for his invaluable suggestions, understanding and encouragement and for synthesizing so beautifully the roles of Friend, Philosopher and Guide. -
65Th Session of the Un General Assembly
PERMANEN'f MISSION 1'0 r HE UNHED NAnONS 8 EAST 65th STREET - NEW YORK, NY 10021 - (212) 879·8600 Please check against delively 65TH SESSION OF THE UN GENERAL ASSEMBLY STATEMENT BY H.E. MAKHDOOM SHAH MAHMOOD QURESHI FOREIGN MINISTER OF PAKISTAN New York, 28 September 20 I0 Mr. President, Excellencies, Distinguished Delegates, Ladies and Gentlemen, I wish to congratulate you on your election as the President of the 65th Session ofthe UN General Assembly. As one of the Vice Presidents of this Session, we assure you of our full support and cooperation. I also take this opportunity to convey profound gratitude and appreciation to my brother Ali Abdussalam Treki, the outgoing President, for his able leadership during the 64th Session. Pakistan owes him gratitude for his timely initiative to convene a General Assembly Plenary Meeting on Humanitarian Emergency arising from floods in Pakistan. Mr. President, I come to this august house at difficult times in Pakistan's history. The recent flash floods, worst in living memory, have left behind a trail ofdeath and destruction. Precious lives have been lost; millions of acre of crops have been washed away; homes have been destroyed; and livelihoods have been lost. We are grateful to the UN, our development partners and other friends in the international community for standing up with us in this difficult hour; and for their important contribution in supporting rescue and relief operations in Pakistan. The government remains focused in its resolve to address the challenges posed by this humanitarian crisis. We are determined to build back a better and vibrant Pakistan; and to do so in a transparent and accountable manner. -
Powerful Empires Webquest (India 2018)
Powerful Empires of South Asia Name: Directions: Using the teacherpage from the BMSD homepage answer the following questions correctly. Each question is worth 2 points for a total of 140 points. MAURYA EMPIRE Ancient History Encyclopedia 1. During what years did the Maurya empire exist? 2. Who established the Maurya empire? 3. Who was Kautilya and what is he best known for in South Asian history? A. Consolidation of Power 4. What tactics did Chandragupta use to expand his kingdom? 5. Who ruled after Chandragupta abdicated? 6. How did Ashoka patronize Buddhism? B. Economy 7. Describe the economy of the Maurya empire. 8. What industries did the state have a monopoly over? 9. What areas of the world traded with the Maurya? C. Administration 10. Describe the government of the Maurya. 11. How was the government of the Maurya like the government today? 12. What departments made up the government? D. Religion 13. What were the three major religions of the Maurya people? E. Downfall 14. What were the two main causes for the fall of the Maurya empire? Ashoka: video 15. What happened to Ashoka after the battle of Kalinga? 16. How did Buddhism change Ashoka? 17. What achievements did Ashoka implement in the Maurya empire? 18. What was Ashoka’s legacy? GUPTA EMPIRE Gupta Empire: video 19. Who founded the Gupta empire and when? 20. Why was the Gupta empire known as the “golden age”? 21. What were achievements of the Gupta empire? 22. Who attacked and destroyed the Gupta? 23. Who was Kalidasa? 24. Who was Aryabhatta? 25. -
Pakistan People's Party and Foreign Policy Priorities: (2008-2013)
Journal of Political Studies, Vol. 27, Issue - 1, 2020, 221:231 Pakistan People’s Party and Foreign Policy Priorities: (2008-2013): An Analysis Riffat Mahmood & Dr. Rehana Saeed Hashmi Abstract Owing to the changing dynamics of state relations, scholarly attention has increased toward the domestic policy influence on foreign policy. In this regard, political parties are considered the main drivers in foreign policy formulation in parliamentary democracies. To comprehend the influence of the party on the agenda or formulation of governmental foreign policy, there is a need to examine the link between party manifesto and foreign policy priorities. The case of Pakistan People’s Party (PPP) would be under consideration during the period from 2008-2013. This is an attempt to explore the foreign policy priorities given in the manifesto of Pakistan People’s Party (2008) with its practical implementations. It is observed that dichotomy prevails between the manifesto and practical implementations of PPP’s performance. The government of PPP has remained unsuccessful to implement its foreign policy priorities in true letter and spirit as promised in the party manifesto. Keywords: Pakistan People’s Party, Pakistan's Foreign Policy, Party manifesto, Policy priorities Introduction The role of political parties is vital to create awareness among masses about the national and foreign policy of a state. The significance of political parties can never be ignored in a healthy democratic political system. Political parties aggregate public demands, contribute to democratic governance as well as essential for the survival of representative democracy. Their presence is equally substantial in authoritarian rule. Dictators similarly formulate political parties to get legitimacy for their rule at a domestic and global level. -
A Man Called Banda © 2019 Rupinder Singh Brar, Yuba City, CA
A Man Called Banda © 2019 Rupinder Singh Brar, Yuba City, CA. All rights reserved. No portion of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage or retrieval process, without permission in writing from the publisher. -- Cataloging-in-Publication Data Brar, Rupinder S. 1961-, author A Man Called Banda / by Rupinder S. Brar ; 2019. | Includes bibliographical references. pages ; cm Front cover: A silhouette of a statue of Banda Bahadur from a monument to him at Chappar Chiri, Punjab, India 8 A MAN CALLED BANDA Rupinder Singh Brar 10 Table of Contents The Prophet and the Ascetic 6 The Road to Chappar Chiri 15 Provisions Arms and Victory 20 The Guru Will Protect You 28 Two and a Half Strikes 34 Defeat Defiance and Redemption 40 Life and Death in the Garden of Good and Evil 47 The Age of the Mughals 50 The House of Nanak and the House of Babur 58 The Empire in Crisis 65 The Khalsa Revolution 72 Just War: 77 A Moral Case for Rebellion 77 Assessing a Legend: 85 The Ethics of Banda’s War 85 Bandhi Bir 94 12 PART I COMES A WARRIOR BRAVE Chapter 1 The Prophet and the Ascetic Meticulously maintained weather charts at NASA confirm that on September 14th, 1708, a solar eclipse was witnessed in the northern hemisphere that included almost all parts of India. On that day, many historians believe, an unknown ascetic named Madho Das became a disciple of Guru Gobind Singh and came to be known as Banda. -
Reading of the Islam
Muhammad Iqbal Chawla, 1 Robina Shoeb 2 Mughal - Sikh Relations: Revisited Abstract Mughal Empire, attributed to be a Muslim rule, and Sikhism grew side by side in the South Asia; while Zahir-ud-Din Muhammad Babar was founding the Mughal Empire, Guru Nanak, the founder of Sikhism was expounding a new religious philosophy, Sikhism. Broadly speaking, both religions, Islam and Sikhism, believed in unity, equality, tolerance and love for mankind. These similarities provided a very strong basis of alliance between the two religions. This note of ‘religious acceptance’ of Sikhism was welcomed by the common people, saints and many sage souls among Sikhs and Muslims alike. The Mughal Emperors had by and large showed great generosity to Sikh Gurus except few ones. However, despite these similarities and benevolence of Mughal Emperors, political expediencies and economic imperatives largely kept both the communities estranged and alienated. The relations between Muslims and Sikhs after the death of Akbar, however, underwent many phases and shades. The circumstances that wove the very relationship between the two communities remained obscured under the thick layers of intrigues of the rulers, courtiers, and opportunists. An in-depth study of the background of Mughal-Sikh relations reveals that some political and interest groups including orthodox Muslims and Hindu elites considered friendship between Sikhs and Muslims, a great threat to their positions. These interest groups deliberately created circumstances that eventually developed into unfortunate conflicts between the two communities. Hence the religion was not the main factor that governed the Sikh Muslim relations rather the political, economic and practical exigencies of the time shaped the events that occurred between the two communities. -
Chapter 8 Mcloughlin and Za
promoting access to White Rose research papers Universities of Leeds, Sheffield and York http://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/ This is an author produced version of a chapter to be published in Writing the City in British Asian Diasporas. White Rose Research Online URL for this paper: http://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/43693/ Chapter: McLoughlin, SM and Zavos, J (2012) Writing Religion in British Asian Diasporas. In: Writing the City in British Asian Diasporas. Routledge Contemporary South Asia Series . Routledge , 2012. ISBN 978-0415590242 White Rose Research Online [email protected] 8 Writing Religion in British Asian Diasporas Seán McLoughlin and John Zavos With vignettes from our five community-based events as starting points, the aim of this chapter is to better map and illuminate the changing roles of religion and its cognates such as faith, spirituality and the secular in the writing of British Asian diasporas. In particular, we are interested in the location and evident mobility of the category of religion in terms of the social relations and spatial scales that configure the relevant cityscapes. At the Peepul Centre in Leicester, for instance, the public visibility of neighbourhood institutions and places of worship came to the fore amidst discussion of the struggles to remake home abroad. Exchanges at Bradford‟s Mumtaz restaurant, by extension, demonstrated the impact of high profile arguments about the public recognition of religious belief and practice by the local state, with the Manchester event at the Indus 5 restaurant also underlining the growing national importance of a discourse of faith in education and the governance of community relations. -
Sikhism Reinterpreted: the Creation of Sikh Identity
Lake Forest College Lake Forest College Publications Senior Theses Student Publications 4-16-2014 Sikhism Reinterpreted: The rC eation of Sikh Identity Brittany Fay Puller Lake Forest College, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://publications.lakeforest.edu/seniortheses Part of the Asian History Commons, History of Religion Commons, and the Religion Commons Recommended Citation Puller, Brittany Fay, "Sikhism Reinterpreted: The rC eation of Sikh Identity" (2014). Senior Theses. This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Publications at Lake Forest College Publications. It has been accepted for inclusion in Senior Theses by an authorized administrator of Lake Forest College Publications. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Sikhism Reinterpreted: The rC eation of Sikh Identity Abstract The iS kh identity has been misinterpreted and redefined amidst the contemporary political inclinations of elitist Sikh organizations and the British census, which caused the revival and alteration of Sikh history. This thesis serves as a historical timeline of Punjab’s religious transitions, first identifying Sikhism’s emergence and pluralism among Bhakti Hinduism and Chishti Sufism, then analyzing the effects of Sikhism’s conduct codes in favor of militancy following the human Guruship’s termination, and finally recognizing the identity-driven politics of colonialism that led to the partition of Punjabi land and identity in 1947. Contemporary practices of ritualism within Hinduism, Chishti Sufism, and Sikhism were also explored through research at the Golden Temple, Gurudwara Tapiana Sahib Bhagat Namdevji, and Haider Shaikh dargah, which were found to share identical features of Punjabi religious worship tradition that dated back to their origins. -
PAPER 1 DSE-A-1 SEM -5: HISTORY of BENGAL(C.1757-1905) I
PAPER 1 DSE-A-1 SEM -5: HISTORY OF BENGAL(c.1757-1905) I. POLITICAL HISTORY OF BENGAL UNDER THE NAWABS:RISE OF BRITISH POWER IN BENGAL FROM THE BATTLE OF PLASSEY TO BUXAR. The beginning of British rule in India may be traced to the province of Bengal which emerged as the base from which the British first embarked on their political career that would last for almost two centuries. After the death of Aurangzeb various parts of the Mughal Empire became independent under different heads. Bengal became independent under the leadership of Alivardi Khan who maintained friendly relation with the English officials throughout his reign. However he did not allow them to fortify their settlements till the end of his rule up to 1756CE. Alivardi Khan was succeded by his grandson Nawab Shiraj –ud-Daulah who as soon as ascending the throne demanded of the English that they should trade on the same basis as in the times of Murshid Quli Khan. The English did not agree to the Nawab’s proposal rather they levied heavy duties on Indian goods entering Calcutta which was under their control. They also started fortifying their settlements against the order of the Nawab. All these amounted to a direct challenge to the Nawab’s Sovereignty. Shiraj-ud – Daulah in order to control the English activities and maintain the laws of the land seized the English Factory at Kasimbazar, marched on to Calcutta and occupied the Fort Williams in 1756 .As the Nawab went on to celebrate this easy victory of his, he made a mistake to underestimate the strength of his enemy. -
Agreed Syllabus for Religious Education
Agreed Syllabus for Religious Education Exploring and understanding values and beliefs 2012 edition D Contents Statement of Intent Foreword Non-Statutory ASC Members Guidance 2010 3 4 5 Key Stage 1 Key Stage 2 Key Stages 3 & 4 6 18 37 Good Practice Glossary Resources 58 81 120 Statement of Intent ASC Core & Ad hoc Members The members of the Islington SACRE who took part in the deliberations Sue Adler - Education Library Service (Resources) of the Agreed Syllabus Conference (ASC) believe that all young people Keith Angus - SACRE Member (Humanism) living in the London Borough of Islington should be given an equal Jeff Cole - Senior Consultant - School Improvement Service opportunity to: Jo Conduit - Senior Consultant - School Improvement Service Judith Fox - Chair of SACRE & ASC (Judaism) learn about the beliefs and values of the individuals, families and Nikki Griffiths - Head of RE Secondary (KS3 & KS4) communities who live in Great Britain. Isabelle Jourdan - SACRE Clerk (Syllabus Design) April Keech - Chaplain - St. Mary Magdalene Academy (Christianity) Father Ephrem Lash - SACRE Member (Christianity) Andrea Smith - Primary Lead (Islington RE trail) learn about Christianity; it has been of central importance to the history of our country and is one of the many strands involved in Kathleen Walsh - Consultant (ASC Coordinator) shaping its future. Frank Wood - SACRE Member (Buddhism) Andrew Berry - London Borough of Islington Toufik Kacimi - SACRE Member (Muslim) learn about other religions as well as non-theistic ethical life Conor McGinn - SACRE Member (Christianity) stances. Roz Miller - SACRE Member (Sikhism) Sophie Morgan - St. Mary Madgadlene Academy Eithne Najaradam - Canonbury Primary School Kanthiah Ranganathan - SACRE Member (Hinduism) explore, develop and share, through the study of this syllabus, their own responses to the fundamental questions of life.