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(EPIC) Administrator San Diego Gas & Electric Company Project EPIC Final Report Electric Program Investment Charge Program (EPIC) Administrator San Diego Gas & Electric Company Project Number EPIC-1, Project 1 Smart Grid Architecture Demonstrations Project Name Program Date December 31, 2017 Attribution This comprehensive final report documents the work done in this EPIC project. The project team for this work included the following individuals, listed alphabetically by last name. SDG&E Atef, Kahveh Espinoza, Mike Giourdjian, Arthur Goodman, Frank Katmale, Hilal Kayali, Molham Orozco, Alfonso Salmani, Amin Smith, Greg Thant, Aung Quanta Technology, LLC Bidram, Ali Boroughs, David Holbach, Juergen Katiraei, Farid Koosha, Bahman Mohammadi, Davood Momeni, Ahmad Proudfoot, Douglas Soltani, Bahar Udren, Eric Ward, Solveig Yazdanian Yousefpoor, Nima Zamani, Amin ABB Beltram, Fabricio Morbin, Samuel Pelikan, John Rietmann, Peter SGS Abbey, Chad Breaden, Craig Mangeney, Estelle Smith, David ii EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The objective of EPIC-1, Project 1 (Smart Grid Architecture Demonstrations) was to conduct pilot demonstrations of key candidate prototype components of the SDG&E smart grid architecture to determine their suitability for adoption in the architecture. The demonstration results are intended to be used by SDG&E and other users to aid in selection of architecture components for adoption and to support the implementation phase for adopted components. This project was one of three SDG&E EPIC projects on pre-commercial demonstration of communications standards for power system operations. The three projects were: Smart Grid Architecture Demonstrations o Focus: Communications standards for integration of feeder equipment and DER into networked automation Monitoring, Communication, and Control Infrastructure for Power System Modernization o Focus: Open Field Message Bus Modernization of Distribution System and Integration of Distributed Generation and Storage o Focus: IEC 61850 in substation network The principal standard of interest in these three demonstrations was IEC 61850, which is an open standard developed by industry stakeholders and promulgated through the International Electrotechnical Commission. The intent of these EPIC demonstrations is to increase the body of knowledge available to aid users in making decisions regarding their future power system communications architecture. The final reports for all three of these projects are posted on the SDG&E EPIC website at www.sdge.com/epic Electric utility power systems are becoming increasingly complex. Recent years have seen a rapid and sustained increase in the deployment of intelligent electronic devices (IEDs), with increasing processing capabilities and communication requirements. These trends make it necessary to reevaluate the traditional utility communication models and data architectures. The focus of this project was to examine the options, assess their suitability to address specific needs, and perform pre-commercial demonstrations of promising architecture components. The project provided an assessment of the current SDG&E distribution operations architecture, with a focus on identifying gaps in existing processes and applications. A number of industry reference architectures were reviewed. The CEN-CENELEC-ETSI1 Smart Grid Coordination Group’s Smart Grids Architecture Model (SGAM) framework was identified as best suited to document the current and proposed architecture necessary to adapt to the changing demands on the system. In addition to looking at reference architectures, the project also examined the status, content, and trends of major utility communications standards and ongoing work by several standard development organizations. The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) TC-57 family of communication standards was identified as an open (non-proprietary) platform with existing broad acceptance for substation applications and possible usage in distribution circuits. IEC 61850 is a principal component of the platform that warranted further investigation in the second (demonstration) phase of the project. The 1 In Europe the standards for safety and quality for product and service are developed and agreed by the three officially recognized European Standardization Organizations: the European Committee for Standardization (CEN), the European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization (CENELEC) and the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI). iii project furthermore provided a ten-year implementation roadmap on how the proposed changes to the SDG&E architecture could be accomplished. A test system was constructed, and a total of eleven use cases were defined to demonstrate the use of IEC 61850 standards. The uses cases included tests of the ability of IEC 61850 to integrate substation and feeder devices and perform some of the advanced communications and automation necessary to optimize the use of DER and other IEDs. Other tests were defined to examine the process and organizational impact of utilizing IEC 61850, while others were used to compare IEC 61850 with other protocols, such as DNP 3.0 and OpenFMB2. The demonstration showed that IEC 61850 has some unique abilities that offered tangible benefits over current approaches. These include: Improved protection systems. Enhanced distribution system operations. Improved distribution system stability. Improved system performance under emergency conditions. Other use cases demonstrated that correct selection of tools and vendor products can minimize the level of effort and issues encountered, as there are still issues around IEC 61850 interoperability that complicate system integration issues. Improving interoperability and simplifying system configuration are two focus areas for the user community working on enhancements to the standard so continued improvement is expected. The performance of DNP 3.0 and IEC 61850 were found to be comparable when used between substation and simulated utility control center. However, there was a large difference in the performance of IEC 61850 and OpenFMB when used for the same application, with IEC 61850 substantially outperforming OpenFMB because none of the devices tested provided native support for OpenFMB, necessitating the use of protocol converters. The project demonstrated that IEC 61850 provides real, tangible benefits. It also underscored that the plug-and-play concept envisaged by the creators of the standard remains a work in progress and that constructing an IEC 61850-based system can be challenging, especially when different vendor products are integrated together. However, the benefits far outweigh the challenges, and the adoption of the IEC 61850 protocol should be one of the cornerstones of the new SDG&E architectural construct. The recommendation is therefore that SDG&E should pursue the operational deployment of IEC 61850 via a pilot project that aside from exploring the operational adoption of the standards, should also be tasked with quantifying costs and benefits to form the basis for developing a cost-benefit analysis for wide-scale deployment, examining the changes to standard operating procedures necessary to fully leverage the benefit of a digital substation, and acting as a training platform for engineering, testing and commissioning personnel. 2 Distributed Network Protocol, and Open Field Message Bus. iv TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .......................................................................................................... III LIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS .......................................................................... XIV 1 INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................. 1 1.1 Objective .................................................................................................................................. 1 1.2 Issue/problem being addressed ............................................................................................... 1 1.3 Project description, tasks, and deliverables produced ............................................................ 2 1.4 How to read this report............................................................................................................ 4 2 PROJECT APPROACH ....................................................................................................... 6 2.1 Phase 1 – SDG&E Internal Project Work Prior to Contractor Procurement ............................ 6 2.2 Phase 2 – Task 1: Baseline ........................................................................................................ 9 2.2.1 Introduction to SGAM ................................................................................................. 9 2.2.2 RACI analysis ............................................................................................................. 11 2.2.3 Business layer ............................................................................................................ 12 2.2.4 Functional layer ......................................................................................................... 13 2.2.5 Information layer ...................................................................................................... 14 2.2.6 Communications layer .............................................................................................. 16 2.2.7 Component layer....................................................................................................... 19 2.2.8 Security
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