Agricultural, Forestry and Bioindustry Biotechnology and Biodiscovery Agricultural, Forestry and Bioindustry Biotechnology and Biodiscovery Pablo A

Pablo A. Chong David J. Newman Douglas A. Steinmacher Editors Agricultural, Forestry and Bioindustry Biotechnology and Biodiscovery Agricultural, Forestry and Bioindustry Biotechnology and Biodiscovery Pablo A. Chong David J. Newman • Douglas A. Steinmacher Editors Agricultural, Forestry and Bioindustry Biotechnology and Biodiscovery Editors Pablo A. Chong David J. Newman ESPOL Polytechnic University Newman Consulting LLC Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral Wayne, PA, USA ESPOL, Centro de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas del Ecuador (CIBE) Guayaquil, Ecuador ESPOL Polytechnic University, Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, ESPOL Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida (FCV) Guayaquil, Ecuador Douglas A. Steinmacher Vivetech Agrociências Marechal Cândido Rondon, PR, Brazil Vitroplan Agrociências Eldorado, SP, Brazil ISBN 978-3-030-51357-3 ISBN 978-3-030-51358-0 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-51358-0 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors, and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland To Adriana, Abigail, Emily, Daynet, Paloma, David, Douglas, and the entire CIBE-ESPOL team and In memory of Wilmer Omar Moposita Llundo Preface Food security, crop protection, biodiversity, and human and environmental health are among the main needs and concerns of modern society. Biotechnology and life sciences represent constantly evolving areas that are key for the rational use of natural resources. These resources are indispensable for the development of society. This book presents memoirs of the IV International Biotechnology and Biodiversity Congress held in Guayaquil, Ecuador, 2018, as extent works and reviews on the trend of agricultural and forestry biotechnology, molecules and materials biodiscovery, ethnomedicine, environmental impact, and bioindustry research. Many of these topics are described from the Latin American perspective and show how the biodiversity and ancient knowledge of its countries are key for worldwide sustainable development. This book aims to present the latest scientific research on topics such as food security, crop protection, biodiversity, bioindustry, and human and environmental health solutions. This book departs from traditional biotechnology or a congress proceeding book. It is the first that integrates the knowledge gained from analyses of the works pre- sented at the Congress, by having expert present their ideas as to the trend involved. Latin America has unique importance for the world. Most Latin American countries are rich in biodiversity that encompasses huge genetic resources and invaluable knowledge for the future welfare of society. The book allows this unique knowledge to be available to a broader audience. Since most of Latin America’s scientific research stays hidden from the global scientific community because of linguistic barriers and shortage of funds, this book permits this knowledge to be disseminated and known. The book also provides insights into the scientific bases of traditional knowledge recovered from Latin America’s ancient cultures. Ancient knowledge had guided us into discovering promising new materials and drugs and will continue to do so. Finally, this compilation incorporates the shared vision between industry needs and academia, closing the link between the main actors in countries’ development. Guayaquil, Ecuador Pablo A. Chong vii Acknowledgments Biotechnology is a valuable tool for the study of various plant processes in the twenty-first century. It is expected that biotechnology, in combination with other disciplines such as physiology and biochemistry, provides extraordinary solutions in classical plants genetic improvement programs. The integration of all these disciplines will make it possible to develop genotypes with better development and growth and tolerance to various biotic and abiotic stresses derived from the already visible scenery of climate change. In addition, thanks to biotechnology, we can expand the products obtained from plant species, increasing the economic and sustainable opportunities in the era of bioeconomy. Thanks to all the chapter authors of this book for generously sharing the results of their research. Thanks also to ESPOL University, Biotechnological Research Centre of Ecuador (CIBE), the scientific committee of the IV International Congress of Biotechnology and Biodiversity, and to BIOALI-CYTED (P117RT0522) for creating the framework so that the authors of this book could work together in the area of biotechnology to provide solutions that ultimately result in economic and, of course, social benefits. Paloma Moncaleán, PhD Coordinator of BIOALI-CYTED NET (117RT0522) ix Contents Part I Trends on Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology 1 Genetically Modified Organism’s (GMO’s) Impact and Current Status in Latin America: Technological Sovereignty or Dependence? �� 3 Sandra Sharry and M. Valentina Briones 2 New Biotechnology Promising Approaches for Disease Control on Bananas and Plantains �� 13 Pablo A. Chong and Efrén Santos-Ordoñez 3 Complementation of Bananas Conventional Breeding Programs Through Biotechnological Genetic Improvement �� 25 Jorge López, Efrén Santos-Ordoñez, and Lianet González 4 The Stress as Inducer of Heritable Changes in Micropropagated Banana – The Hypothesis of Cytokinin Accumulation �� 51 Carlos Noceda and Douglas A. Steinmacher 5 Somatic Embryogenesis for Clonal Propagation and Associated Molecular Studies in Cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) �� 63 Ana María Henao-Ramírez and Aura Inés Urrea-Trujillo 6 Use of Biotechnology in Forestry Breeding Programs for Natural Resources and Biodiversity Conservation: Creating Super Trees for the Future �� 103 Itziar A. Montalbán, Ander Castander-Olarieta, Catia Pereira, Jorge Canhoto, and Paloma Moncaleán xi xii Contents 7 Stress Modulation in Pinus spp. Somatic Embryogenesis as Model for Climate Change Mitigation: Stress Is Not Always a Problem �� 117 Ander Castander-Olarieta, Catia Pereira, Itziar A. Montalbán, Jorge Canhoto, and Paloma Moncaleán Part II Current Topics in Biodiversity, Conservation, and Environmental Impact 8 A Protective Role for Accumulated Dry Matter Reserves in Seeds During Desiccation: Implications for Conservation �� 133 Hector Pérez, Lisa M. Hill, and Christina Walters 9 Biodiversity in Ecuador and Its Immense Potential for Agricultural Pest Control �� 143 Carmen Isabel Castillo Carrillo 10 Native Biodiversity: A Strategic Resource to Accelerate Bioeconomy Development in Latin America and the Caribbean �� 163 Patricia Boeri, Lucrecia Piñuel, Daniela Dalzotto, and Sandra Sharry Part III Biodiscovery Applications and Added-Value Bioproducts 11 Low-Cost Crop Waste Biosorbent Technology for Removing Toxics and Pollutants from Wastewater �� 177 Mayra Vera, Christian Cruzat, and María Eulalia Vanegas 12 The Status of Plant and Plant–Microbe Interactions Related to Medicinal Agents �� 217 David J. Newman 13 Bringing New Function to Packaging Materials by Agricultural By-Products �� 227 Benjamin Le Delliou, Olivier Vitrac, and Sandra Domenek 14 Use of Banana Crop Wastes to Develop Products in the Aquaculture and Plastic Sectors �� 259 Rubén Paz, Mario Monzón, Gisela Vega, Noelia Díaz, and David Pestana 15 Use of Agroindustrial Biomass for Biofuel and Enzyme Discovery and Production �� 271 Blondy Canto-Canché, Karla Gisel Carreón-Anguiano, Ricardo Barahona-Cortés, Miguel Ángel Canseco-Pérez, Bartolomé Chí-Manzanero, Xenia Mena-Espino, Miguel Tzec-Simá, Ignacio Islas-Flores, Elda Isaura España-Gamboa,

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