Big Cat Genomics*
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Big Cat Chronicles a USDA Licensed Facility for “The Vanishing Breeds of Big Cats”
Non-Profit Org. Turpentine Creek Foundation, Inc. U.S. Postage Paid Spring 2018 239 Turpentine Creek Lane Print Group Inc. Eureka Springs, AR. 72632 BIG CAT CHRONICLES A USDA Licensed Facility for “The Vanishing Breeds of Big Cats” Kenny, the true face Spyke, “I am not a pet, I am not a prop.” of white tiger breeding. [email protected] ||| 479.253.5841 ||| www.turpentinecreek.org youtube.com/TurpentineCreek ||| Find us on Facebook! In Memory 2001-2018of Thor A LetterTanya Smith, from President the & Co-Founder President The hardest thing we have to do at the Refuge is bid farewell to the animals we love. Each of them is an individual who Spring Greetings to all of our friends! What a relief it is to see warmer weather coming our way after such a cold has carved a permanent place in our hearts; having to say a final goodbye brings an incredible sense of grief. What snap. We had our work cut out for us this winter as we fought to keep all of the residents of Turpentine Creek brings us solace is the knowledge that we and our supporters have worked tirelessly to ensure that their remaining Wildlife Refuge nice and warm. Some days were harder than others, but we did it! years were full of joy, good food, play, and an abundance of love. With this thought we look back on how our lion Thor, This past winter I reflected on my experience as the director of a sanctuary. In this role I witness many aspects despite having a very difficult start to life, came to live his remaining years to the very fullest at TCWR- bringing joy of a rescued animal’s life – I see them before being rescued, during the rescue process, and after, and I mourn as and a sense of belonging to those around him. -
Habitat Availability for Amur Tiger and Amur Leopard Under Changing Climate and Disturbance Regimes
Habitat Availability for Amur Tiger and Amur Leopard under Changing Climate and Disturbance Regimes Ivan Csiszar, Tatiana Loboda, Dale Miquelle, Nancy Sherman, Hank Shugart, Tim Stephens. The Study Region Primorsky Krai has a large systems of reserves and protected areas. Tigers are wide ranging animals and are not necessarily contained by these reserves. Tigers areSiberian in a state Tigers of prec areipitous now restricted decline worldwide. Yellow is tothe Primorsky range in 1900;Krai in red the is Russian the current or potential habitat, todayFar East Our (with study a possible focuses few on the in Amur Tiger (PantheraNorthern tigris altaica China).), the world’s largest “big cat”. The Species of Panthera Amur Leopard (P. pardus orientalis) Amur Tiger (Panthera tigris altaica) One of the greatest threats to tigers is loss of habitat and lack of adequate prey. Tiger numbers can increase rapidly if there is sufficient land, prey, water, and sheltered areas to give birth and raise young. The home range territory Status: needed Critically depends endangered on the Status: Critically endangered (less than (less than 50 in the wild) 400 in the wild) Females: 62 – 132density lbs; of prey. Females: Avg. about 350 lbs., to 500 lbs.; Males: 82 – 198 lbs Males: Avg. about 500 lbs., to 800 lbs. Diet: Roe deer (Capreolus Key prey: Red Deer (Cervus elaphus), pygargus), Sika Deer, Wild Boar, Wild Boar (Sus scrofa), Sika Deer Hares, other small mammals (Cervus nippon), small mammals The Prey of Panthera Red Deer (Cervus elaphus) Called Elk or Wapiti in the US. The Prey of Panthera Wild Boar (Sus scrofa) The Prey of Panthera Roe deer (Capreolus pygargus) The Prey of Panthera Sika Deer (Cervus nippon) Amur Tigers also feed occasionally on Moose (Alces alces). -
2012 WCS Report Monitoring Amur Leopards and Tigers in The
Monitoring Amur Leopards and Tigers in the Russian Far East Final Report to The Amur Leopard and Tiger Alliance (ALTA) from the WILDLIFE CONSERVATION SOCIETY (WCS) March 2012 Project Location: Southwest Primorskii Krai, Russian Far East Grant Period: July 1, 2010 – June 30, 2011 Project Coordinators: Dale Miquelle, PhD Alexey Kostyria, PhD E: [email protected] E: [email protected] SUMMARY From March to June 2011 we recorded 156 leopard photographs, bringing our grand total of leopard camera trap photographs (2002-present) to 756. In 2011 we recorded 17 different leopards on our study area, the most ever in nine years of monitoring. While most of these likely represent transients, it is still a positive sign that the population is reproducing and at least maintaining itself. Additionally, camera trap monitoring in an adjacent unit just south of our study area reported 12 leopards, bringing the total minimum number of leopards to 29. Collectively, these results suggest that the total number of leopards in the Russian Far East is presently larger than the 30 individuals usually reported. We also recorded 7 tigers on the study area, including 3 cubs. The number of adult tigers on the study area has remained fairly steady over all nine years of the monitoring program. INTRODUCTION The Amur leopard (Panthera pardus orientalis) is the northern-most of the nine extant subspecies (Miththapala et al., 1996; Uphyrkina et al., 2001), with a very small global distribution in the southernmost corner of the Russian Far East (two counties in Primorye Province), and in neighboring Jilin Province, China. -
Amur Leopard Fact File
AMUR LEOPARD FACTFILE NAME Amur Leopard SCIENTIFIC NAME Panthera pardus orientalis GEOGRAPHIC RANGE Southwest Primorye in the Russian Far East HABITAT Temperate forests. LIFESPAN 10-15 years in the wild. Up to 20 years in captivity. WEIGHT 25– 75kg DIET Roe deer, sika deer, badgers and hares. WILD POPULATION Approx. 100 individuals IUCN RED LIST STATUS An extremely high risk of becoming extinct in the wild. GENERAL DESCRIPTION Amur leopards are one of nine sub-species of leopard. They are the most critically endangered big cat in the world. Found in the Russian far-east, Amur leopards are well adapted to a cold climate with thick fur that can reach up to 7.5cm long in winter months. Amur leopards are much paler than other leopards, with bigger and more spaced out rosettes. This is to allow them to camouflage in the snow. In the 20th century the Amur leopard population dramatically decreased due to habitat loss and hunting. Prior to this their range extended throughout northeast China, the Korean peninsula and the Primorsky Krai region of Russia. Now the Amur leopard range is predominantly in the south of the Primorsky Krai region in Russia, however, individuals have been reported over the border into northeast China. In 2011 Amur leopard population estimates were extremely low with approximately 35 individuals remaining. Intensified protection of this species has lead to a population increase, with approximately 100 now remaining in the wild. AMUR LEOPARD RANGE THREATS • Illegal wildlife trade– poaching for furs, teeth and bones is a huge threat to Amur leopards. A hunting culture, for both sport and food across Russia, also targets the leopards and their prey species. -
Panthera Pardus) Range Countries
Profiles for Leopard (Panthera pardus) Range Countries Supplemental Document 1 to Jacobson et al. 2016 Profiles for Leopard Range Countries TABLE OF CONTENTS African Leopard (Panthera pardus pardus)...................................................... 4 North Africa .................................................................................................. 5 West Africa ................................................................................................... 6 Central Africa ............................................................................................. 15 East Africa .................................................................................................. 20 Southern Africa ........................................................................................... 26 Arabian Leopard (P. p. nimr) ......................................................................... 36 Persian Leopard (P. p. saxicolor) ................................................................... 42 Indian Leopard (P. p. fusca) ........................................................................... 53 Sri Lankan Leopard (P. p. kotiya) ................................................................... 58 Indochinese Leopard (P. p. delacouri) .......................................................... 60 North Chinese Leopard (P. p. japonensis) ..................................................... 65 Amur Leopard (P. p. orientalis) ..................................................................... 67 Javan Leopard -
Leopard (Panthera Pardus) Status, Distribution, and the Research Efforts Across Its Range
Leopard (Panthera pardus) status, distribution, and the research efforts across its range Andrew P. Jacobson1,2,3, Peter Gerngross4, Joseph R. Lemeris Jr.3, Rebecca F. Schoonover3, Corey Anco5, Christine Breitenmoser- Wu¨rsten6, Sarah M. Durant1,7, Mohammad S. Farhadinia8,9, Philipp Henschel10, Jan F. Kamler10, Alice Laguardia11, Susana Rostro-Garcı´a9, Andrew B. Stein6,12 and Luke Dollar3,13,14 1 Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, London, United Kingdom 2 Department of Geography, University College London, London, United Kingdom 3 Big Cats Initiative, National Geographic Society, Washington, D.C., United States 4 BIOGEOMAPS, Vienna, Austria 5 Department of Biological Sciences, Fordham University, Bronx, NY, United States 6 IUCN/SSC Cat Specialist Group, c/o KORA, Bern, Switzerland 7 Wildlife Conservation Society, Bronx Zoo, Bronx, NY, United States 8 Iranian Cheetah Society (ICS), Tehran, Iran 9 Wildlife Conservation Research Unit, The Recanati-Kaplan Centre, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Tubney, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom 10 Panthera, New York, NY, United States 11 The Wildlife Institute, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China 12 Landmark College, Putney, VT, United States 13 Department of Biology, Pfeiffer University, Misenheimer, NC, United States 14 Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States ABSTRACT The leopard’s (Panthera pardus) broad geographic range, remarkable adaptability, and secretive nature have contributed to a misconception that this species might not be severely threatened across its range. We find that not only are several subspecies and regional populations critically endangered but also the overall range loss is greater than the average for terrestrial large carnivores. 31 December 2015 Submitted To assess the leopard’s status, we compile 6,000 records at 2,500 locations Accepted 5 April 2016 Published 4May2016 from over 1,300 sources on its historic (post 1750) and current distribution. -
Name___Date Started___Date Completed___
# Name_______________________________ Date started___________________ Date completed_________________ Copyright©2011 Burt Books: All rights reserved worldwide. This 1 worksheet may be reproduced by the purchaser only and not for on- sale in quantities sufficient for pupils. Burt Books - www.burtbooks.com Big Cats Copyright © Burt Books Ltd. 2011 Church Cottage Albemarle Crescent Scarborough North Yorkshire YO11 1XX www.burtbooks.com [email protected] First published in the United Kingdom in 2011 By Burt Books Ltd. All rights reserved worldwide: No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, or stored in any retrieval system of any nature without the written consent of the copyright holder and the publisher, application for which should be made to Burt Books ltd. The right of Coreen Burt to be identified as the author of Big Cats has been asserted by her in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. THE DOWNLOAD OF THIS BIG CATS THEME ALLOWS FOR THE PRINT ING OF COPIES FOR INDIVIDUAL PUPILS ONLY AND NOT FOR DISTRIBUTION OR SALE TO OTHERS Learning Objectives My learning objectives for this theme are to: 1. Revise and remember high frequency spellings 2. Learn complex words that do not conform to regular patterns. 3. Apply spelling rules and recognise exceptions. 4. Appreciate the impact of figurative language in texts. 5. Improve my vocabulary by working out the meaning of unknown words in the text. Copyright©2011 Burt Books: All rights reserved worldwide. This 2 worksheet may be reproduced by the purchaser only and not for on- sale in quantities sufficient for pupils. -
The Example of the Amur Leopard, Panthera Pardus Orientalis
Received: 2 April 2019 | Revised: 10 October 2019 | Accepted: 9 December 2019 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.13449 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Assessing the health risks of reintroduction: The example of the Amur leopard, Panthera pardus orientalis John Lewis1 | Alex Tomlinson1 | Martin Gilbert2 | Mikhail Alshinetski3 | Tanya Arzhanova3,4 | Mikhail Goncharuk4 | John Goodrich5 | Linda Kerley4 | Irina Korotkova6 | Dale Miquelle7 | Sergey Naidenko8 | Nadezhda Sulikhan9 | Olga Uphyrkina9 1Wildlife Vets international, Keighley, UK Abstract 2Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Translocation of wildlife as a means of reintroducing or reinforcing threatened popu- Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, lations is an important conservation tool but carries health risks for the translocated USA 3Moscow Zoo, Moscow, Russia animals and their progeny, as well as wildlife, domestic animals and humans in the 4Zoological Society of London and United release area. Disease risk analyses (DRA) are used to identify, prioritize and design Administrations Lazovsky Zapovednik and mitigation strategies to address these threats. Here, we use a DRA undertaken for Zov Tigra National Park, Lazo, Russia Amur leopards (Panthera pardus orientalis) to illustrate how specific methodology can 5Panthera, New York, NY, USA 6Primorskaya State Agricultural Academy, optimize mitigation strategy design. A literature review identified a total of 98 infec- Ussurisk, Russia tious hazards and 28 non-infectious hazards. Separate analyses were undertaken for 7 Wildlife Conservation Society, Bronx, NY, disease risks in leopards from hazards of source origin (captive zoo collections and the USA 8A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and transit pathway to the Russian Far East), or of destination origin (in breeding enclo- Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, sures and wider release areas); and for disease risks in other wildlife, domesticated Moscow, Russia species or humans, similarly from hazards of source or destination origin. -
The Endangerment and Conservation of Cheetahs (Acinonyx Jubatus), Leopards (Panthera Pardus), Lions (Panthera Leo), and Tigers (Panthera Tigris) in Africa and Asia
The endangerment and conservation of cheetahs (Acinonyx jubatus), leopards (Panthera pardus), lions (Panthera leo), and tigers (Panthera tigris) in Africa and Asia Britney Johnston * B.S. Candidate, Department of Biological Sciences, California State University Stanislaus, 1 University Circle, Turlock, CA 95382 Received 17 April, 2018; accepted 15 May 2018 Abstract Increasing habitat depletion, habitat degradation, and overhunting in Africa and Asia have resulted in the designation of the four largest species of felid (cheetah, leopard, lion, tiger) as vulnerable or endangered on the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species. Scientists interested in understanding and potentially slowing the disappearance of these species need access to causal factors, the past and current range of each species, the life history, and importance of conservation. This article presents one such resource with all of this information compiled in a place that Is easy for people to get to. The primary target of this article is educators but will be useful to anyone interested in these species, their current state, and their future peril. Keywords: cheetah, leopard, lion, tiger, endangered species, conservation, Old World, big cats, habitat Introduction world with some species programs. These steps are used to analyze whether or not a species is in danger and are Conservationism is a common term heard in many then used to halt the decline and reverse it. The first is settings in the modern world, implying that an effort to population decline; this is the obvious decline in a conserve species needs to be made and enforced. population that incites a need for a change to be made. -
D Ocelot Club
STAFF: Mrs. Harry Cisin, Editor, An.agansett, N. Y. 1.1930 (516) 267 Robert Peraner, Associate Editor, 250 Willow Drive, Somerville, Mass. 02144 (617) 623 0444 Mrs. Daniel Treanor, Sec-Treas. 1454 Fleetwood Drive E., Mobile, Alabama 36605 (205) 478 8962 Dr. Michael Balbc, Art/Conservation, 21-01 46th Street Long Island City, N. Y. 11105 Wm. ~n~lei,~elidologi, P. 0. Drawer 1750, Buellton, Calif. 93427 (805) 688 3216 1 Lone- Island Ocelot Club. 1 ~mi&insett, N. Y. 11930 Volume 15, Number 2 March, 1971 March-April 1971 D OCELOT CLUB OMAR- Son of Trilby and Caesar, born 12/26/70 "earmarked" by Caesar? And now their offspring is at Studio Noir, 22 Isis Street, San Francisco, Calil. the biggest feline news in San Francisco. Further re- This notable ocelot trio is owned by Dion and Loralee ferences to Omar will be found on page 5 (True Romance Vigne. Omar's parents were "cover people" two of Trilby Ocelot), on Page 13 (The News) and on Page 6 years ago for the March-April, 1969 Newsletter (Vol. in the report of Exotic Cats of Northern California. 13, Number 2). Remember how mother Trilby was ---- Photo by Dion Vignee. PERSONAL OPINIONS on the Keeping oi Large Felidae as Pets By Robert E. Baudy Center Hill, Florida Not a weekgoes by that we do not receive some inquiry relating to the advisability of keeping large members of the cat family as pets. We have consequently decided to submit to Catherine Cisin, for possible publication in the LIOC Newsletter, our answers to the most commonly asked ques- tions on this subject, hoping that our own feeling on this LONG ISLAND OCELOT CLUB touchy subject might be of some help to would-be owners NEWSLETTER of large felines. -
Cats on the 2009 Red List of Threatened Species
ISSN 1027-2992 CATnewsN° 51 | AUTUMN 2009 01 IUCNThe WorldCATnews Conservation 51Union Autumn 2009 news from around the world KRISTIN NOWELL1 Cats on the 2009 Red List of Threatened Species The IUCN Red List is the most authoritative lists participating in the assessment pro- global index to biodiversity status and is the cess. Distribution maps were updated and flagship product of the IUCN Species Survi- for the first time are being included on the val Commission and its supporting partners. Red List website (www.iucnredlist.org). Tex- As part of a recent multi-year effort to re- tual species accounts were also completely assess all mammalian species, the family re-written. A number of subspecies have Felidae was comprehensively re-evaluated been included, although a comprehensive in 2007-2008. A workshop was held at the evaluation was not possible (Nowell et al Oxford Felid Biology and Conservation Con- 2007). The 2008 Red List was launched at The fishing cat is one of the two species ference (Nowell et al. 2007), and follow-up IUCN’s World Conservation Congress in Bar- that had to be uplisted to Endangered by email with others led to over 70 specia- celona, Spain, and since then small changes (Photo A. Sliwa). Table 1. Felid species on the 2009 Red List. CATEGORY Common name Scientific name Criteria CRITICALLY ENDANGERED (CR) Iberian lynx Lynx pardinus C2a(i) ENDANGERED (EN) Andean cat Leopardus jacobita C2a(i) Tiger Panthera tigris A2bcd, A4bcd, C1, C2a(i) Snow leopard Panthera uncia C1 Borneo bay cat Pardofelis badia C1 Flat-headed -
Securing a Future for Amur Leopards and Tigers in Russia
Securing a Future for Amur Leopards and Tigers in Russia – VI 2018 Final Report Phoenix Fund 1 Securing a Future for Amur Leopards and Tigers in Russia – VI • 2018 Final Report TABLE OF CONTENTS Background ................................................................................................................................................... 2 Project Summary ........................................................................................................................................... 3 Project Activities............................................................................................................................................ 4 SMART in five protected areas .................................................................................................................. 4 Annual workshop for educators ................................................................................................................ 8 Education in Khasan, Lazo, Terney and Vladivostok ................................................................................. 9 Tiger Day in Primorye .............................................................................................................................. 11 Art Contest .............................................................................................................................................. 13 Photo credits: PRNCO “Tiger “Centre”, Far Eastern Operational Customs Office, Land of the Leopard National Park, Alexander Ratnikov, and children's paintings