1111 2 Globalising Democracy 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1011 1 2 3111 Globalising Democracy brings together expert contributors to explore the 4 intersection of two major contemporary themes: globalisation and the 5 contribution that both domestic party politics and international party aid, 6 in particular, make to democratisation. 7 This new volume clearly shows what globalisation means for domestic 8 and international efforts to build effective political parties and competi- 9 tive party systems in new and emerging democracies. Contrasting 20111 perspectives are presented through fresh case studies of European post- 1 communist countries, together with Turkey, which at first glance seem to 2 tell a positive story, and of sub-Saharan Africa, where the problems and 3 the challenges are more complex. The reader is clearly shown how inter- 4 national party assistance is one manifestation and vehicle of globalisation, 5 understood in the political sense: as the global convergence of a distinc- 6 tive set of (Western-derived) political values and institutions takes place. 7 This book also shows how globalisation assessed in terms of global 8 economic integration, the growth of global communications and the devel- 9 opment of multilevel (or polycentric) governance poses serious implications 30111 for party politics almost everywhere. Such themes are highly relevant to 1 how new and emerging democracies can find a set of party politics fit for 2 the purpose of improving and consolidating their respective systems. 3 This book will be of great interest to all students of globalisation, 4 governance, international relations and politics. 35 6 Peter Burnell is a Professor in the Department of Politics and International 7 Studies at the University of Warwick, UK. 8 9 40111 1 2 3 4 45111 Routledge/Warwick Studies in Globalisation Edited by Richard Higgott and published in association with the Centre for the Study of Globalisation and Regionalisation, University of Warwick What is globalisation and does it matter? How can we measure it? What are its policy implications? The Centre for the Study of Globalisation and Regionalisation at the University of Warwick is an international site for the study of key questions such as these in the theory and practice of globalisation and regionalisation. Its agenda is avowedly interdisciplinary. The work of the Centre will be showcased in this new series. This series comprises two strands: Warwick Studies in Globalisation addresses the 3. Rethinking Empowerment needs of students and teachers, and the titles will Gender and development in a global/local be published in hardback and paperback. Titles world include: Edited by Jane L. Parpart, Shirin M. Rai and Globalisation and the Asia-Pacific Kathleen Staudt Contested territories 4. Globalising Intellectual Property Rights Edited by Kris Olds, Peter Dicken, The TRIPs agreement Philip F. Kelly, Lily Kong and Henry Duncan Matthews Wai-chung Yeung 5. Globalisation, Domestic Politics and Regulating the Global Information Society Regionalism Edited by Christopher Marsden The ASEAN free trade area Banking on Knowledge Helen E. S. Nesadurai The genesis of the global development 6. Microregionalism and Governance in network East Asia Edited by Diane Stone Katsuhiro Sasuga Historical Materialism and Globalisation 7. Global Knowledge Networks and Edited by Hazel Smith and Mark Rupert International Development Civil Society and Global Finance Edited by Diane Stone and Simon Maxwell Edited by Jan Aart Scholte with Albrecht 8. Globalisation and Economic Security in Schnabel East Asia Towards a Global Polity Governance and institutions Edited by Morten Ougaard and Edited by Helen E. S Nesadurai Richard Higgott 9. Regional Integration in East Asia and New Regionalisms in the Global Political Europe Economy Convergence or divergence? Theories and cases Edited by Bertrand Fort and Douglas Webber Edited by Shaun Breslin, Christopher 10. The Group of Seven W. Hughes, Nicola Phillips and Ben Finance ministries, central banks and global Rosamond financial governance Globalising Democracy Andrew Baker Political parties in emerging democracies 11. Globalisation and Poverty Edited by Peter Burnell Channels and policy responses Edited by Maurizio Bussolo and Jeffery I Round 12. Democratisation, Governance and Routledge/Warwick Studies in Globalisation is Regionalism in East and Southeast Asia a forum for innovative new research intended A comparative study for a high-level specialist readership, and the Edited by Ian Marsh titles will be available in hardback only. Titles include: 13. Assessment and Measurement of Regional Integration 1. Non-State Actors and Authority in the Edited by Philippe De Lombaerde Global System Edited by Richard Higgott, Geoffrey Underhill 14. The World Bank and Governance and Andreas Bieler A decade of reform and reaction Edited by Diane Stone and Christopher Wright 2. Globalisation and Enlargement of the European Union 15. Nationalism & Global Solidarities Austrian and Swedish social forces in the Alternative projections to neoliberal struggle over membership globalization Andreas Bieler Edited by James Goodman and Paul James 1111 2 Globalising Democracy 3 4 Party politics in emerging 5 6 democracies 7 8 9 1011 1 2 3111 Edited by 4 5 Peter Burnell 6 7 8 9 20111 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 30111 1 2 3 6 7 8 9 E·S·R·C C EN T RE fOR.THf, ECONOMIC S TUDY or & SOCIAL G LOBJ\ LI SJ\T ION AN[) RESEARCH REG IONJ\LI SJ\TION COUNCIL First published 2006 by Routledge Published 2017 by Routledge 2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN 711 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10017, USA Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business Copyright © 2006 Peter Burnell for selection and editorial material; individual chapters, their contributors Typeset in Sabon by Florence Production Ltd, Stoodleigh, Devon The Open Access version of this book, available at www.tandfebooks.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-No Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data A catalog record for this book has been requested ISBN13: 978–0–415–40184–5 (hbk) ISBN13: 978–0–415–40183–8 (pbk) 1111 2 Contents 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1011 1 2 3111 List of tables vii 4 Notes on contributors viii 5 Acknowledgements ix 6 List of abbreviations x 7 8 1 Globalising party politics in emerging democracies 1 9 PETER BURNELL 20111 1 2 Political parties, international party assistance and 2 globalisation 16 3 PETER BURNELL 4 5 3 Political parties and the democratisation of globalisation 46 6 JAN AART SCHOLTE 7 8 4 Examining international political party aid 69 9 THOMAS CAROTHERS 30111 1 5 East-Central Europe: parties in crisis and the external 2 and internal Europeanisation of the party systems 88 3 ATTILA ÁGH 4 35 6 External assistance for political contenders in transition 6 states: cautionary tales from the Balkans 104 7 TOM GALLAGHER 8 9 7 Globalisation and party transformation: Turkey’s Justice 40111 and Development Party in perspective 122 1 ZIYA ÖNIS¸ 2 3 8 Globalising party politics in Africa: the influence of 4 party-based democracy networks 141 45111 M. A. MOHAMED SALIH vi Contents 9 Party assistance and the crisis of democracy in southern Africa 163 ROGER SOUTHALL 10 Hesitant bedfellows: the German Stiftungen and party aid in Africa 181 GERO ERDMANN 11 Looking to the future: practice and research in party support 200 PETER BURNELL References 210 Index 221 1111 2 Tables 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1011 1 2 3111 7.1 Islamists’ changing political agenda in Turkey: 4 stylised comparison of Welfare Party, Virtue Party 5 and Freedom and Justice Party 127 6 7.2 Major turning points in defining the space for, and 7 boundaries of, political action for Islamist political 8 parties in Turkey 129 9 8.1 Political parties represented in parliament in Ghana, 20111 1993–present 147 1 8.2 Political parties represented in the Kenyan National 2 Assembly, 1992, 1997 and 2002 149 3 8.3 Political parties represented in Malawi’s National 4 Assembly, 1994, 1999 and 2004 150 5 8.4 Ethnic character and voting behaviour of major 6 political parties in Ghana, Kenya and Malawi 157 7 10.1 Regional distribution of German political foundations’ 8 spending, 2001–05 183 9 10.2 Project activities and offices of German foundations 30111 in African countries, 2005 190 1 10.3 Bilateral partners of German political foundations 2 in Africa, 2005 193 3 4 35 6 7 8 9 40111 1 2 3 4 45111 Notes on contributors Attila Ágh is Professor at the Department of Political Science, Budapest Corvinus University, Hungary, and Director of the Research Centre ‘Together for Europe’ at the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. Peter Burnell is a Professor of Politics at the University of Warwick. Thomas Carothers is Vice President for International Politics and Gover- nance at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, Washington DC. Gero Erdmann is Senior Research Fellow at the German Institute of Global and Areas Studies, Institute of African Affairs (Hamburg), Berlin Office. Tom Gallagher is Professor and Chair of Ethnic Conflict and Peace at Bradford University. Ziya Önis¸ is a Professor of International Relations in the College of Administrative Sciences and Economics, and Director of the Centre for Research on Globalization and Democratic Governance, at Koç Univer- sity, Istanbul. M. A. Mohamed Salih is a Professor of the Politics of Development in the Department of Political Science, University of Leiden, and the Institute of Social Studies, The Hague, the Netherlands. Jan Aart Scholte is a Professor in the Department of Politics and International Studies at the University of Warwick and Co-director of the Economic and Social Research Council Centre for the Study of Globalisation and Regionalisation at the University of Warwick.