The 39 Report of Terrorist Crimes and Its Relation with the Electoral
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Justice Denied: Mass Trials and the Death Penalty in Egypt
Justice Denied: Mass trials and the death penalty in Egypt November 2015 Executive Summary • 588 people have been sentenced to death in Egypt since 1 January 2014. • 72% of these sentences were handed down for involvement in political protests. • Executions are on the rise: between 2011 and 2013, only one execution was carried out. Since 2014 to date, at least 27 people have been executed. • At least 15 mass trials have taken place since March 2014. Reprieve has confirmed that at least 588 people have been sentenced to death in Egypt in less than two years. Our findings show that 72% of these people were sentenced to death for attending pro-democracy protests. The majority of the condemned have been sentenced in patently unjust mass trials, where tens, if not hundreds, of co-defendants are tried on near identical charges. The number of executions is also increasing, with at least 27 people having been executed by hanging in the last two years, compared to only one in the preceding three years. President Sisi has promised that the rate of executions will only increase as he aims to change the law to speed up executions1. Egypt’s system of mass trials defies international standards of due process and judicial independence. As part of a brutal crackdown on political opposition, thousands of people are being arrested. Many are then subjected to brutal prison conditions and torture, with scores of people dying in detention2. Reprieve calls on the Egyptian government to stop political mass trials and death sentences. Egypt’s policy of repressing those exercising their right to freedom of expression and assembly must end, and the rule of law must be upheld. -
Mints – MISR NATIONAL TRANSPORT STUDY
No. TRANSPORT PLANNING AUTHORITY MINISTRY OF TRANSPORT THE ARAB REPUBLIC OF EGYPT MiNTS – MISR NATIONAL TRANSPORT STUDY THE COMPREHENSIVE STUDY ON THE MASTER PLAN FOR NATIONWIDE TRANSPORT SYSTEM IN THE ARAB REPUBLIC OF EGYPT FINAL REPORT TECHNICAL REPORT 11 TRANSPORT SURVEY FINDINGS March 2012 JAPAN INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AGENCY ORIENTAL CONSULTANTS CO., LTD. ALMEC CORPORATION EID KATAHIRA & ENGINEERS INTERNATIONAL JR - 12 039 No. TRANSPORT PLANNING AUTHORITY MINISTRY OF TRANSPORT THE ARAB REPUBLIC OF EGYPT MiNTS – MISR NATIONAL TRANSPORT STUDY THE COMPREHENSIVE STUDY ON THE MASTER PLAN FOR NATIONWIDE TRANSPORT SYSTEM IN THE ARAB REPUBLIC OF EGYPT FINAL REPORT TECHNICAL REPORT 11 TRANSPORT SURVEY FINDINGS March 2012 JAPAN INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AGENCY ORIENTAL CONSULTANTS CO., LTD. ALMEC CORPORATION EID KATAHIRA & ENGINEERS INTERNATIONAL JR - 12 039 USD1.00 = EGP5.96 USD1.00 = JPY77.91 (Exchange rate of January 2012) MiNTS: Misr National Transport Study Technical Report 11 TABLE OF CONTENTS Item Page CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION..........................................................................................................................1-1 1.1 BACKGROUND...................................................................................................................................1-1 1.2 THE MINTS FRAMEWORK ................................................................................................................1-1 1.2.1 Study Scope and Objectives .........................................................................................................1-1 -
Production and Marketing Problems Facing Olive Farmers in North Sinai
Mansour et al. Bulletin of the National Research Centre (2019) 43:68 Bulletin of the National https://doi.org/10.1186/s42269-019-0112-z Research Centre RESEARCH Open Access Production and marketing problems facing olive farmers in North Sinai Governorate, Egypt Tamer Gamal Ibrahim Mansour1* , Mohamed Abo El Azayem1, Nagwa El Agroudy1 and Salah Said Abd El-Ghani1,2 Abstract Background: Although North Sinai Governorate has a comparative advantage in the production of some crops as olive crop, which generates a distinct economic return, whether marketed locally or exported. This governorate occupies the twentieth place for the productivity of this crop in Egypt. The research aimed to identify the most important production and marketing problems facing olive farmers in North Sinai Governorate. Research data were collected through personal interviewing questionnaire with 100 respondents representing 25% of the total olive farmers at Meriah village from October to December 2015. Results: Results showed that there are many production and marketing problems faced by farmers. The most frequent of the production problems were the problem of increasing fertilizer prices (64% of the surveyed farmers), and the problem of irrigation water high salinity (52% of the respondents). Where the majority of the respondents mentioned that these problems are the most important productive problems they are facing, followed by problems of poor level of extension services (48%), high cost of irrigation wells (47%), difficulty in owning land (46%), and lack of agricultural mechanization (39%), while the most important marketing problems were the problem of the exploitation of traders (62%), the absence of agricultural marketing extension (59%), the high prices of trained labor to collect the crop (59%), and lack of olive presses present in the area (57%). -
Egyptian National Action Program to Combat Desertification
Arab Republic of Egypt UNCCD Desert Research Center Ministry of Agriculture & Land Reclamation Egyptian National Action Program To Combat Desertification June, 2005 UNCCD Egypt Office: Mail Address: 1 Mathaf El Mataria – P.O.Box: 11753 El Mataria, Cairo, Egypt Tel: (+202) 6332352 Fax: (+202) 6332352 e-mail : [email protected] Prof. Dr. Abdel Moneim Hegazi +202 0123701410 Dr. Ahmed Abdel Ati Ahmed +202 0105146438 ARAB REPUBLIC OF EGYPT Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation Desert Research Center (DRC) Egyptian National Action Program To Combat Desertification Editorial Board Dr. A.M.Hegazi Dr. M.Y.Afifi Dr. M.A.EL Shorbagy Dr. A.A. Elwan Dr. S. El- Demerdashe June, 2005 Contents Subject Page Introduction ………………………………………………………………….. 1 PART I 1- Physiographic Setting …………………………………………………….. 4 1.1. Location ……………………………………………………………. 4 1.2. Climate ……...………………………………………….................... 5 1.2.1. Climatic regions…………………………………….................... 5 1.2.2. Basic climatic elements …………………………….................... 5 1.2.3. Agro-ecological zones………………………………………….. 7 1.3. Water resources ……………………………………………………... 9 1.4. Soil resources ……...……………………………………………….. 11 1.5. Flora , natural vegetation and rangeland resources…………………. 14 1.6 Wildlife ……………………………………………………………... 28 1.7. Aquatic wealth ……………………………………………………... 30 1.8. Renewable energy ………………………………………………….. 30 1.8. Human resources ……………………………………………………. 32 2.2. Agriculture ……………………………………………………………… 34 2.1. Land use pattern …………………………………………………….. 34 2.2. Agriculture production ………...……………………………………. 34 2.3. Livestock, Poultry and Fishing production …………………………. 39 2.3.1. Livestock production …………………………………………… 39 2.3.2. Poultry production ……………………………………………… 40 2.3.3. Fish production………………………………………………….. 41 PART II 3. Causes, Processes and Impact of Desertification…………………………. 43 3.1. Causes of desertification ……………………………………………….. 43 Subject Page 3.2. Desertification processes ………………………………………………… 44 3.2.1. Urbanization ……………………………………………………….. 44 3.2.2. Salinization…………………………………………………………. -
Egypt State of Environment Report 2008
Egypt State of Environment Report Egypt State of Environment Report 2008 1 Egypt State of Environment Report 2 Egypt State of Environment Report Acknowledgment I would like to extend my thanks and appreciation to all who contributed in producing this report whether from the Ministry,s staff, other ministries, institutions or experts who contributed to the preparation of various parts of this report as well as their distinguished efforts to finalize it. Particular thanks go to Prof. Dr Mustafa Kamal Tolba, president of the International Center for Environment and Development; Whom EEAA Board of Directors is honored with his membership; as well as for his valuable recommendations and supervision in the development of this report . May God be our Guide,,, Minister of State for Environmental Affairs Eng. Maged George Elias 7 Egypt State of Environment Report 8 Egypt State of Environment Report Foreword It gives me great pleasure to foreword State of Environment Report -2008 of the Arab Republic of Egypt, which is issued for the fifth year successively as a significant step of the political environmental commitment of Government of Egypt “GoE”. This comes in the framework of law no.4 /1994 on Environment and its amendment law no.9/2009, which stipulates in its Chapter Two on developing an annual State of Environment Report to be submitted to the president of the Republic and the Cabinet with a copy lodged in the People’s Assembly ; as well as keenness of Egypt’s political leadership to integrate environmental dimension in all fields to achieve sustainable development , which springs from its belief that protecting the environment has become a necessary requirement to protect People’s health and increased production through the optimum utilization of resources . -
National Feasibility Study & Roadmap for Riverbank
SUPPORTING INNOVATION IN WATER & WASTEWATER IN EGYPT NATIONAL FEASIBILITY STUDY & ROADMAP FOR RIVERBANK FILTRATION IN EGYPT CAIRO 2018 (REVISED) 2020 RBF Unit, Sohag, Egypt - ©2021 COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER Copyright © United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat) 2020 All rights reserved United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat) P.O. Box 30030 00100 Nairobi GPO KENYA Tel: 254-020-7623120 (Central Office) www.ar.unhabitat.org DISCLAIMER The designations employed and the presentation of material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any county, territory, city or area or its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries regarding its economic system or degree of development. Excerpts may be reproduced without authorization, on condition that the source is indicated. Views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect those of the United Nations Human Settlements Programme, the United Nations and its member states. i National Feasibility Study and roadmap for River Bank Filtration in Egypt NATIONAL FEASIBILITY STUDY AND ROADMAP FOR RIVER BANK FILTRATION IN EGYPT FEASIBILITY STUDY REPORT PARTNERS COORDINATORS The initial version of this report was produced under Hyat Inclusive and Sustainable Local Economic Development Project in partnership with the Egyptian Ministry for Local Development, the Egyptian Ministry for Housing, Utilities and Urban Communities, the Egyptian Holding Company for Water and Wastewater and the United Nations Human Settlement’s Programme (UN Habitat). Funded by the United Nations Trust Fund for Human Security and UN Habitat. CONTACT DETAILS Holding Company for Water and Wastewater (HCWW) Prof. -
Of the Anthophora-Species of Egypt
Prof. Dr. H. PRIESNER A REVIEW OF THE ANTHOPHORA-SPECIES OF EGYPT [Hymenoptera : Apidae] A HEVIEW OF THE ANTHOPHORA-SPECIES OF EGYPT (Hymenoptera : Apidae] by Prof. Dr. H. PRIESNER INTRODUCTION Owing to the difficulties I encountered in trying to identify the Egyptian material of Anthophora in the collections of the Cairo and Ain Shams Universities, I had to penetrate more deeply into this matter, especially when I found that quite a number of species of the local collections were no doubt incorrectly named. With the progress of science, in our particular case with the improvements achieved by finding new distinctive characters and especially in the better relative evaluation of those already known, gained by experience and eye training, there lies upon us the bitter task to criticise and correct our late authorities on this subject who actually did all the spade work that enabled us to start on a considerable higher level of knowledge than that having been at their disposal. Apart from the relatively excellent work of KLUG (1845) and a number of species described by SPINOLA and - much later - GRIBODO, most of the taxonomic work on Anthophora of this country was done by H. FRIESE and A. ALFKEN, their work having been mainly based upon the Apid collections of our late A. ANDRES, while my late friend ALFKEN had also examined specimens he received from the Ministry of Agriculture, Mr. A. ALFIERI and the author. ALFKEN had, obviously with the intention of avoiding the creation of synonyms, identified a number of Egyptian species with such of Asiatic origin. -
Egypt's Sinai Question
EGYPT’S SINAI QUESTION Middle East/North Africa Report N°61 – 30 January 2007 TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS................................................. i I. INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................... 3 II. WHAT IS KNOWN ABOUT THE SINAI TERRORIST ATTACKS ...................... 2 A. THE CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE INVESTIGATION ......................................................................3 B. TAWHID WA JIHAD................................................................................................................4 III. SINAI’S PROBLEMATIC INTEGRATION INTO EGYPT .................................... 5 A. FROM THE BRITISH OCCUPATION TO THE CAMP DAVID AGREEMENT....................................5 B. BORDER CONTROL................................................................................................................6 1. The Rafah bottleneck.................................................................................................7 2. Smuggling at the Egypt-Gaza border.........................................................................8 3. The border with Israel................................................................................................9 IV. THE PEOPLE OF SINAI: A MOSAIC OF CONTRASTS ....................................... 9 A. THE BEDOUIN .......................................................................................................................9 B. PALESTINIANS.....................................................................................................................10 -
Sexual Violence by Security Forces in Egypt
EXPOSING STATE HYPOCRISY: SEXUAL VIOLENCE BY SECURITY FORCES IN EGYPT Article 1: All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood. Article 2: Everyone is entitled to all the rights and freedoms set forth in this Declaration, without distinction of any kind, such as race, colour, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth or other status. Furthermore, no distinction shall be made on the basis of the political, jurisdictional or international status of the country or territory to which a person belongs, whether it be independent, trust, non-self-governing or under any other limitation of sovereignty. Article 3: Everyone has the right to life, liberty and security of person. Article 4: No one shall be held in slavery or servitude; slavery and the slave trade shall be prohibited in all their forms. Article 5: No one shall be subjected to torture or to cruel, May 2015 / N°661a Cover photo: Mohamed Mahmoud Street, Cairo, 19 November 2014. Copyright: Reuters/Amr Abdallah Dalsh 2 / Titre du rapport – FIDH I. INTRODUCTION -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------4 II. SECURITY ABUSES AND WIDESPREAD SEXUAL VIOLENCE -------------------------9 III. SEXUAL VIOLENCE AS A POLITICAL INSTRUMENT --------------------------------- 19 IV. INVOLVEMENT OF STATE ACTORS -------------------------------------------------------- 24 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS --------------------------------------------------- 28 FIDH – Exposing state hypocrisy: sexual violence by security forces in Egypt / 3 I. INTRODUCTION Since the military takeover in July 2013 and resumed control by the army and the police, there has been a surge in sexual violence perpetrated by the security forces in Egypt. -
Table Number Company Name 1 Alex Apparels for Ready Made
Company Name Table Number 1 Alex Apparels Products : Polo Shirt - Pants – Sweat Shirt - Bermudas - Shorts - Sports Wear - T-Shirt For Ready Made Production capacity: 12,000,000 PCs/ Year Garments Chairman: Mr. Ihab Ahmed Mohi Al-Din Factory Mobile: (+2)0100-1093004 Address: Public Free Zone - Al-Ameriya - Alexandria, Egypt Telephone: (+2)03/4500184 Mobile: (+2)03/4500227 Email: m0TU [email protected] ,[email protected] U0T Website: N/A 2 Products : Polo Shirt-Home and Sleepwear-Pants -Sweatshirt- -Bermudas-Shorts-Training Suits-Sports wear-T- Alexandria Shirts-Pyjamas- Children wear Manufacturing Production capacity: 3,000,000 PCs/ Year Chairman: Mr. Hussein Sherin Makhluf Mobile: (+2) 0100/1612060 Address: 28 El Ekhlas St .Ezbit Hegazy –Semouha - Alexandria (Egypt) Telephone: (+2)03/4287506 Fax: (+2) 03/4287506 Email: [email protected] , U0T [email protected] Website: N/A 3 Baby Coca for Products: T-shirts- Under Wear- Baby Wear- Kids Wear-Night Wear ,Legging ,Pajamas , Night Dress ,Dresses, Wears and Tank Tops ,Strappy Vests ,Cami Vests ,jackets Hooded Jackets , skirts , Babies Blankets ,Hats ,Bibs ,Gowns Textiles ,Gloves ,Dungaree ,training suits .and All Types of Jersey Production Capacity: 12,000,000 PCs/ Year Chairman: Mrs. Sherin Eliesh Mobile: (+2)0122-2142042 Address: Alex Cairo Agricultural road kilo 11,Alexandria, Egypt Telephone: (+2)03-5045234 -(+2)03-5045353 Fax: (+2)03-5045220 Email:[email protected] ,[email protected] U0T Website: N/A 4 Bishara Textile Products: Men Jackets - Sweaters- Shirts- Coats- Pyjamas- Dress- Bouse- Skirts- Women Jackets Garment Production Capacity: 720,000 PCs/ Year Manufacturing Chairman: Mr. louis Bishara Mrs. -
Inter-Comparison Study of the Population Dose Due to Gamma-Radiation in the Coast of North Sinai Between Rafah and Sir El-Abd Areas
EG0700180 5th Conference on Nuclear and Particle Phyilcs 19 - 23 Nov. 2005 Cairo, Egypt INTER-COMPARISON STUDY OF THE POPULATION DOSE DUE TO GAMMA-RADIATION IN THE COAST OF NORTH SINAI BETWEEN RAFAH AND SIR EL-ABD AREAS M.K. Seddeek1, T. Sharshai* H.M. Badran3'4 'Department of Physics, Faculty of Education, Suez Canal University, Al-Arish, Egypt 2Department of Physics and Chemistry, Faculty of Education, Tanta University, Kqfr El-Shaikh, Egypt 3Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt 4 Whipple Observatory, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, P.O. Box 97, Amado, AZ 85645, USA ABSTRACT This study compares the external dose due to the y-ray emitting radionuclides in various areas in north Sinai, Egypt. The whole area was divided into 10 regions. The average absorbed dose rates were evaluated for each region. It was found that Zaranik protected area and Al-Massaid have the highest values of 69.0 and S4.7 nGy h"1, respectively. The corresponding values of the remaining regions were below 21 nGy h"1. The mean annual effective dose equivalent for the four largest cities Rafah, El-Sheikh Zuwaied, Al-Arish and Bir El-Abd were 20.7,16.1,53.4 and 13.9 jiSv. That is one individual at risk due to the radiation exposure of naturally occurring radionuclides in 50.8, 84.7, 8.7 and 85.3 years -for these cities, respectively. The results are compared with those from different areas in Egypt and in various countries. Keywords: Naturally occurring radionuclides, Dose rate, Radiation hazard indices, Coastal environment, Black sand, Sinai, Egypt. -
Food Safety Inspection in Egypt Institutional, Operational, and Strategy Report
FOOD SAFETY INSPECTION IN EGYPT INSTITUTIONAL, OPERATIONAL, AND STRATEGY REPORT April 28, 2008 This publication was produced for review by the United States Agency for International Development. It was prepared by Cameron Smoak and Rachid Benjelloun in collaboration with the Inspection Working Group. FOOD SAFETY INSPECTION IN EGYPT INSTITUTIONAL, OPERATIONAL, AND STRATEGY REPORT TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE FOR POLICY REFORM II CONTRACT NUMBER: 263-C-00-05-00063-00 BEARINGPOINT, INC. USAID/EGYPT POLICY AND PRIVATE SECTOR OFFICE APRIL 28, 2008 AUTHORS: CAMERON SMOAK RACHID BENJELLOUN INSPECTION WORKING GROUP ABDEL AZIM ABDEL-RAZEK IBRAHIM ROUSHDY RAGHEB HOZAIN HASSAN SHAFIK KAMEL DARWISH AFKAR HUSSAIN DISCLAIMER: The author’s views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of the United States Agency for International Development or the United States Government. CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY...................................................................................... 1 INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK ......................................................................... 3 Vision 3 Mission ................................................................................................................... 3 Objectives .............................................................................................................. 3 Legal framework..................................................................................................... 3 Functions...............................................................................................................