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SUPPORTING INNOVATION IN WATER & WASTEWATER IN EGYPT NATIONAL FEASIBILITY STUDY & ROADMAP FOR RIVERBANK FILTRATION IN EGYPT CAIRO 2018 (REVISED) 2020 RBF Unit, Sohag, Egypt - ©2021 COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER Copyright © United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat) 2020 All rights reserved United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat) P.O. Box 30030 00100 Nairobi GPO KENYA Tel: 254-020-7623120 (Central Office) www.ar.unhabitat.org DISCLAIMER The designations employed and the presentation of material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any county, territory, city or area or its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries regarding its economic system or degree of development. Excerpts may be reproduced without authorization, on condition that the source is indicated. Views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect those of the United Nations Human Settlements Programme, the United Nations and its member states. i National Feasibility Study and roadmap for River Bank Filtration in Egypt NATIONAL FEASIBILITY STUDY AND ROADMAP FOR RIVER BANK FILTRATION IN EGYPT FEASIBILITY STUDY REPORT PARTNERS COORDINATORS The initial version of this report was produced under Hyat Inclusive and Sustainable Local Economic Development Project in partnership with the Egyptian Ministry for Local Development, the Egyptian Ministry for Housing, Utilities and Urban Communities, the Egyptian Holding Company for Water and Wastewater and the United Nations Human Settlement’s Programme (UN Habitat). Funded by the United Nations Trust Fund for Human Security and UN Habitat. CONTACT DETAILS Holding Company for Water and Wastewater (HCWW) Prof. Dr. Rifaat Abdel Wahaab Project Director Head sector, Research and Development (R & D) Nile Corniche, Al Sahel, Road al-Farag Water treatment plant Cairo, Arab Republic of Egypt Tel.: +(202)24583596 – 24583591 / Fax: +(202) 24583884 E-mail: [email protected] Website: https://www.hcww.com.eg/ United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat) Dr. Salma Yousry Project Coordinator Programme officer, Housing and Urban Upgrading Egypt Office 87 Tahrir St., Cairo, , Arab Republic of Egypt Tel.: +(202) 27923086 / Fax: +(202) 27923086 E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.unhabitat.org DRAFTING CONSULTANT Enviro-Consult for Infrastructure and Env. Studies Dr. Hisham Abdel-Halim (16) 288st., El-Gazayer St. – New Maadi Cairo, Arab Republic of Egypt Tel.: +(202) 25202953-25166898 (+20) 1271110796 / Fax: +(202) 25170925 E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.enviroconsult-eg.com Reviewed, 2020 by Prof. Dr.-Ing. Thomas Grischek, Division of Water Sciences, University of Applied Sciences Dresden, Germany The revision is funded by ii Table of Contents TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................................................................................... iii LIST OF FIGURES ....................................................................................................................................................... v LIST OF TABLES ...................................................................................................................................................... viii LIST OF ABREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ................................................................................................................ ix 1. UNDERSTANDING AND BACKGROUND OF RBF .................................................................................................... 1 1.1 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 SITING AND DESIGN ............................................................................................................................. 2 1.3 PROCESSES DURING RBF ...................................................................................................................... 3 2. APPROACH AND METHODOLOGY ........................................................................................................................ 4 3. PROPOSED SELECTION METHODOLOGY .............................................................................................................. 5 3.1 DEVELOPMENT OF SITE SELECTION CRITERIA AND SELECTION PROCEDURE ...................................... 5 3.3 SCORING AND WEIGHTING OF SELECTION CRITERIA ........................................................................... 8 4. POTENTIAL ZONING FOR RBF POTENTIAL APPLICATION.................................................................................... 10 4.1 RIVER BASIN LEVEL – MAIN STREAM ................................................................................................. 10 4.2 DESCRIPTION AND LOCATION ............................................................................................................ 10 4.3 TOPOGRAPHY ..................................................................................................................................... 10 4.4 GEOLOGY AND MORPHOLOGY .......................................................................................................... 11 4.5 HYDROGEOLOGY AND HYDROLOGY .................................................................................................. 17 4.6 HYDROCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS ................................................................................................. 21 4.7 LITHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS ...................................................................................................... 22 4.8 WATER SUPPLY THREATS ................................................................................................................... 23 5. APPLICATION OF THE PROPOSED SELECTION METHODOLOGY - STEP 1: POTENTIAL RIVER BASIN LEVEL, ATTEMPTS TO IDENTIFY THE RBF POTENTIAL AREAS IN THE RIVER NILE BASIN - REGIONAL SCALE ..................... 25 6. POTENTIAL RBF AREAS BASED ON AREA LOCAL SCALE LEVEL AND POTENTIAL SITE LEVEL (STEPS 2 AND 3) ... 27 6.1 POTENTIAL RBF AREAS / SITES IN ASWAN GOVERNORATE ............................................................... 28 6.1.1 BACKGROUND INFORMATION ................................................................................................ 28 6.1.2 WATER SUPPLY FACILITIES AND WATER BALANCE ................................................................. 28 6.1.3 GEOLOGY AND HYDROLOGY - ASWAN ................................................................................... 28 6.1.4 LITHOLOGICAL DESCRIPTION - ASWAN .................................................................................. 30 6.1.5 STEP-2: SELECTION OF POTENTIAL DISTRICTS FOR RBF - ASWAN .......................................... 31 6.1.6 STEP-3: SELECTION OF POTENTIAL SITES FOR RBF - ASWAN .................................................. 31 6.1.7 FINAL LIST OF IDENTIFIED RBF UNITS - ASWAN ...................................................................... 32 6.2 POTENTIAL RBF AREAS / SITES IN LUXOR GOVERNORATE ................................................................. 34 6.2.1 BACKGROUND INFORMATION ................................................................................................ 34 6.2.2 WATER SUPPLY FACILITIES AND WATER BALANCE ................................................................. 34 6.2.3 GEOLOGY AND HYDROLOGY - LUXOR ..................................................................................... 34 6.2.4 LITHOLOGICAL DESCRIPTION - LUXOR .................................................................................... 36 6.2.5 STEP-2: SELECTION OF POTENTIAL DISTRICTS FOR RBF - LUXOR ........................................... 36 6.2.6 STEP-3: SELECTION OF POTENTIAL SITES FOR RBF - LUXOR ................................................... 37 iii National Feasibility Study and roadmap for River Bank Filtration in Egypt 6.2.7 FINAL LIST OF IDENTIFIED RBF UNITS - LUXOR ....................................................................... 38 6.3 POTENTIAL RBF AREAS / SITES IN QENA GOVERNORATE ..................................................................... 40 6.3.1 BACKGROUND INFORMATION ................................................................................................ 40 6.3.2 WATER SUPPLY FACILITIES AND WATER BALANCE ................................................................. 40 6.3.3 GEOLOGY AND HYDROLOGY - QENA ...................................................................................... 40 6.3.4 LITHOLOGICAL DESCRIPTION - QENA ..................................................................................... 42 6.3.5 STEP-2: SELECTION OF POTENTIAL DISTRICTS FOR RBF - QENA ............................................. 42 6.3.6 STEP-3: SELECTION OF POTENTIAL SITES FOR RBF- QENA ...................................................... 43 6.3.7 FINAL LIST OF IDENTIFIED RBF UNITS - QENA ......................................................................... 44 6.4 POTENTIAL RBF AREAS / SITES IN SOHAG GOVERNORATE ................................................................... 46 6.4.1 BACKGROUND INFORMATION ................................................................................................ 46 6.4.2 WATER SUPPLY FACILITIES AND WATER BALANCE ................................................................. 46 6.4.3
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