Sexual Exploitation of Children in Brazil: Putting a Spot on the Problem
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Analysing Prostitution Through Dissident Sexualities in Brazil
Contexto Internacional vol. 40(3) Sep/Dec 2018 http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0102-8529.2018400300006 Queering the Debate: Analysing Prostitution Through Dissident Pereira & Freitas Sexualities in Brazil Amanda Álvares Ferreira* Abstract: The aim of this article is to contrast prominent discourses on prostitution and human trafficking to the context of prostitution in Brazil and local feminist discourses on this matter, un- derstanding their contradictions and limitations. I look at Brazilian transgender prostitutes’ experi- ences to address an agency-related question that underlies feminist theorizations of prostitution: can prostitution be freely chosen? Is it necessarily exploitative? My argument is that discourses on sex work, departing from sex trafficking debates, are heavily engaged in a heteronormative logic that might be unable to approach the complexity and ambiguity of experiences of transgender prostitutes and, therefore, cannot theorize their possibilities of agency. To do so, I will conduct a critique of the naturalization of gender norms that hinders an understanding of experiences that exceed the binary ‘prostitute versus victim.’ I argue how both an abolitionist as well as a legalising solution to the is- sues involved in the sex market, when relying on the state as the guarantor of rights to sex workers, cannot account for the complexities of a context such as the Brazilian one, in which specific concep- tions of citizenship permit violence against sexually and racially marked groups to occur on such a large scale. Keywords: Gender; Prostitution; Sex Trafficking; Queer Theory; Feminism; Travestis. Introduction ‘Prostitution’ as an object of study can be approached through different perspectives that try to pin down exactly what are the social and political problems involved in it, and therefore how it can be dealt with by the State. -
SSTONER Masters Thesis FINAL
Copyright by Spencer Winston Stoner 2013 The Thesis Committee for Spencer Winston Stoner Certifies that this is the approved version of the following thesis: Shooting the Morro: Favela Documentaries and the Politics of Meaning APPROVED BY SUPERVISING COMMITTEE: Supervisor: Lorraine Leu Joseph Straubhaar Shooting the Morro: Favela Documentaries and the Politics of Meaning by Spencer Winston Stoner, BS Thesis Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of The University of Texas at Austin in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts The University of Texas at Austin May 2013 Dedication To my parents, and to Kendra for going above and beyond in your support. Abstract Shooting the Morro: Favela Documentaries and the Politics of Meaning Spencer Winston Stoner, MA The University of Texas at Austin, 2013 Supervisor: Lorraine Leu To many in the global North, the favelas of Rio de Janeiro are the most visible face of violence and poverty in Brazil. While the favela film genre (and its subset, the favela documentary) has received significant study, there is a gap in understanding how these filmic texts are created as a result of individual production processes. How do decisions made during the course of production translate into imaginaries, representations, and on-screen content? This research locates multiple forms of non- fiction video within the wider context of mediated representations of poverty and violence in favelas, identifying the tools, mechanisms, and specific tactics employed by both favela stakeholders and production personnel in the co-production of these often heavily-mediated images. Utilizing key informant interviews with Rio-based documentary production personnel actively shooting in favelas, this research highlights specific production processes to understand how implicit incentive structures embodied in production shape and influence representations of the favela space. -
Violence Against Journalists and Media Workers: Inter-American Standards and National Practices on Prevention, Protection and Prosecution of Perpetrators
INTER-AMERICAN COMMISSION ON HUMAN RIGHTS OEA/Ser.L/V/II. CIDH/RELE/INF. 12/13 31 December, 2013 Original: Spanish VIOLENCE AGAINST JOURNALISTS AND MEDIA WORKERS: INTER-AMERICAN STANDARDS AND NATIONAL PRACTICES ON PREVENTION, PROTECTION AND PROSECUTION OF PERPETRATORS Office of the Special Rapporteur for Freedom of Expression Inter-American Commission on Human Rights Catalina Botero Marino Special Rapporteur for Freedom of Expression 2013 Internet: http://www.cidh.org/relatoria Email: [email protected] ii OAS Cataloging-in-Publication Data Inter-American Commission on Human Rights. Office of the Special Rapporteur for Freedom of Expression. Violencia contra periodistas y trabajadores de medios: Estándares interamericanos y prácticas nacionales sobre prevención, protección y procuración de la justicia = Violence against journalists and media workers: Inter-American standards and national practices on prevention, protection and prosecution of perpetrators. v. ; cm. (OEA documentos oficiales ; OEA/Ser.L) ISBN 978-0-8270-6137-8 1. Freedom of the press--America. 2. Journalists--Crimes against--America. 3. Journalists--Violence against--America. I. Title. II. Title: Violence against journalists and media workers: Inter- American standards and national practices on prevention, protection and prosecution of perpetrators. III. Series. OAS official records ; OEA/Ser.L. OEA/Ser.L/V/II CIDH/RELE/INF.12/13 Document prepared and published thanks to the financial support of the Swedish International Cooperational for Development Agency and Open Society Foundations The content of this publication is the exclusive responsibility of the Office of the Special Rapporteur for Freedom of Expression of the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights, and it does not in any way purport to represent the views of the donors Approved by the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights on December 31, 2013. -
Contrasting the Conceptualisation of Victims of Trafficking for Sexual Exploitation: a Case Study of Brazilians in Spain and Portugal
Contrasting the conceptualisation of victims of trafficking for sexual exploitation: a case study of Brazilians in Spain and Portugal Abstract Despite the significant emphasis given to the trafficking of Brazilians to the sex industry of the Iberian Peninsula, the concepts of “victim of trafficking for sexual exploitation” used in these three countries vary. This article analyses the positions of Brazil, Spain and Portugal regarding the conceptualisation of “trafficking victim,” focusing on their legislation and policies, as well as on relevant narratives which show how these policies are being applied. It showcases how the incompatible definitions being used compromise genuine anti-trafficking actions and may be an indicator that stopping trafficking may not be the primary concern of the policies developed by these governments. Keywords Brazil; Human trafficking; Portugal; Spain; Trafficking victim; Trafficking policy Pérez, J.L. (2014). Contrasting the conceptualisation of victims of trafficking for sexual exploitation: a case study of Brazilians in Spain and Portugal. European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research. doi: 10.1007/s10610-014-9265-3 This is a pre-print version of the published article. The final publication is available at Springer via http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10610-014-9265-3. Contrasting the conceptualisation of victims of trafficking for sexual exploitation: a case study of Brazilians in Spain and Portugal Introduction Brazil is considered one of the major source countries of women who are trafficked to the European Union (EU) for sexual exploitation. Among the receiving states, Portugal and Spain, countries with which it has strong historical and cultural ties, have held at times some of the largest declared numbers and percentages of its victims (Ministério da Justiça 2011). -
Noticia De Inelegibilidade Dilma Roussef
EXCELENTISSIMO DOUTOR DESEMBARGADOR DO TRIBUNAL REGIONAL ELEITORAL DE MINAS GERAIS. Processo nº: 0602388-25.2018.6.13.0000 DANIELLE DYTZ DA CUNHA, brasileira, divorciada, publicitária, portadora do RG 10.613.249-1 (SSP/RJ), inscrita no CPF/MF sob o nº. 054.691.697-04, filha de Eduardo Cosentino da Cunha e Cristina Dytz da Cunha; domiciliada e residente à Avenida Jornalista Tim Lopes, nº. 255, Bl.09, Ap.603, Barra da Tijuca, cidade do Rio de Janeiro (RJ), CEP 22640-908; candidata ao cargo de Deputada Federal no Rio de Janeiro, vem, respeitosamente, a Vossa Excelência apresentar a presente NOTÍCIA DE INELEGIBILIDADE e requerer a IMPUGNAÇÃO do registro da candidata ao Senado Federal, Sra. Dilma Vana Rousseff, pelas razões expostas. Os fatos trazidos na presente notícia de inelegibilidade são públicos e notórios, tornando-se despicienda a juntada de qualquer prova documental suplementar, como prevê o próprio artigo 23 da Lei complementar 64/1990: “Art. 23. O Tribunal formará sua convicção pela livre apreciação dos fatos públicos e notórios, dos indícios e presunções e prova produzida, atentando para circunstâncias ou fatos, ainda que não indicados ou alegados pelas partes, mas que preservem o interesse público de lisura eleitoral.” A apresentação de notícia de inelegibilidade pode ser realizada por qualquer eleitor, sendo certo que, até mesmo de ofício, pode o Tribunal indeferir o registro de candidatura. A candidata ao Senado Dilma Rousseff está absolutamente inabilitada para concorrer a qualquer cargo eletivo, por força da consequência natural e indissociável da sua condenação por crime de responsabilidade em sessão realizada em 31/08/2016. -
Abstract Sporting Mega-Events Generate Substantial Carbon
Abstract Sporting mega-events generate substantial carbon footprint where return transportation of event participants and visitors between the source and host countries makes the largest contribution. To enhance environmental sustainability of sporting mega-events, it is paramount to select a host country with the lowest carbon footprint from international transportation without compromising the magnitude of major visitor flows. The Facility Location Problem (FLP) model represents an established tool employed in the business environment to determine the best location for the installation of facilities to provide for existing or envisaged consumer demand. The model has proven its feasibility in a number of economic sectors, but rarely been applied in tourism, and never with sustainability management and planning purposes. This study contributes to knowledge by demonstrating the applicability of the FLP model when planning for sporting mega-events. The model enables selection of a host country with better climate credentials by quantifying the magnitude of international transportation of the event participants alongside the associated carbon footprint. Application of the FLP model to the FIFA World Cups shows that, to facilitate the progress of these mega-events towards sustainability, a decision on a host country should be made after the team qualification round, rather than before, as it currently stands. The model can then identify prospective hosts with the lowest carbon footprint from international transportation. Keywords: Facility -
OECD Economic Surveys BRAZIL the COVID-19 Pandemic Has Caused Severe Human Suffering and Triggered a Deep Recession in Brazil
OECD Economic Surveys Surveys Economic OECD BRAZIL The COVID-19 pandemic has caused severe human suffering and triggered a deep recession in Brazil. Economic policies reacted in a timely and decisive manner to the crisis, supporting millions of Brazilians. But a strong and inclusive recovery from the recession will require long-lasting improvements in economic OECD Economic Surveys policies. Improving fi scal outcomes remains one of Brazil’s principal challenges given a high debt burden, to which the pandemic has added signifi cantly. Public spending will need to become more effi cient, including by building on past progress in the fi ght against corruption and economic crimes. Social protection can be strengthened through a better focus on the most effective policies and benefi ts, which could allow signifi cant BRAZIL reductions in inequality and poverty. Stronger growth will hinge on raising productivity, which has been virtually stagnant for decades. This requires addressing underlying policy challenges, including reducing regulatory burdens, reforming taxes, strengthening judicial effi ciency and fostering a stronger integration into the global economy. Raising productivity implies reallocations and structural changes in the economy, which should be accompanied by well-designed training and education policies. Training with a strong focus on local skill demand can help workers master the transition and seize new opportunities to move into better jobs. Vol ume 2020/14 ume DECEMBER 2020 SPECIAL FEATURES: BOOSTING PRODUCTIVITY; SKILLS POLICIES TO FACILITATE STRUCTURAL ADJUSTMENT BRAZIL PRINT ISBN 978-92-64-76814-7 PDF ISBN 978-92-64-62200-5 2020December C Volume 2020/14 ISSN 0376-6438 N H 2020 SUBSCRIPTION U 9HSTCQE*hgibeh+ A December 2020 (18 ISSUES) L N O V I E R S OECD Economic Surveys: Brazil 2020 N C H U A L N O V I E R S This document, as well as any data and map included herein, are without prejudice to the status of or sovereignty over any territory, to the delimitation of international frontiers and boundaries and to the name of any territory, city or area. -
STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISES in BRAZIL: HISTORY and LESSONS by Aldo Musacchio and Sergio G
Workshop on State-Owned Enterprises in the Development Process Paris, 4 April 2014 OECD Conference Centre, Room 4 STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISES IN BRAZIL: HISTORY AND LESSONS by Aldo Musacchio and Sergio G. Lazzarini This paper serves as background material for the Workshop on SOEs in the Development Process taking place in Paris on 4 April 2014. It was prepared by Aldo Musacchio and Sergio G. Lazzarini working as consultants for the OECD Secretariat. The opinions and views expressed and arguments employed herein are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect or represent the official views of the OECD or of the governments of its member countries. STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISES IN BRAZIL: HISTORY AND LESSONS Aldo Musacchio Harvard Business School and NBER Sergio G. Lazzarini Insper Prepared for The Working Party on State-Ownership and Privatisation Practices OECD (Revised version, February 28, 2014) INTRODUCTION Despite decades of liberalization and privatization in many countries, state ownership and state-led business activity remains widespread (Christiansen, 2011). Governments still often use state-owned enterprises (SOEs) to promote local development and invest in sectors in which private investment is scant. Many SOEs endured over the years and turned into large corporations partnering with market investors and competing on a global scale against private multinationals. The forms of ownership and control governments use in the set of surviving SOEs is, however, poorly understood. Beyond the traditional wholly-owned SOEs, governments also intervene to support specific industries by propping up privately held enterprises (i.e., “national champions”). These private firms receive government support in the form of minority equity investments, direct subsidized loans from development banks, and equity and debt purchases by sovereign wealth funds. -
The Trust Factor an EJN Review of Journalism and Self-Regulation
Ethical EJN Journalism Network The Trust Factor An EJN Review of Journalism and Self-regulation EDITED BY AIDAN WHITE The Trust Factor Published in London by the Ethical Journalism Network © Ethical Journalism Network 11 Vicarage Road, London, E15 4HD United Kingdom No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form without the written permission of the publisher. The contents of this book are covered by authors’ rights and the right to use of contributions with the Editor and the authors themselves. Designed by Mary Schrider [email protected] PHOTO CREDITS Page 30: “Amsterdam Airport: Flight MH17 Memorial (Explored)” by Roman Boed (https://flic.kr/p/omR2y3) is licensed under CC BY 2.0 Cover: “Reading the newspaper” by James Cridland (https://flic. Page 32: “Private News” by Michael Coghlan (https://flic.kr/p/ kr/p/NpdZw) is licensed under CC BY 2.0 pFJ1ou) is licensed under CC BY 2.0 Page iv: “The Devil Changes his Clothes by Surian Soosay (https:// Page 34: “NVJ Nacht van de Journalistiek” by Sebastiaan ter Burg flic.kr/p/a1sHKz) is licensed under CC BY 2.0 (https://flic.kr/p/pqzB2G) is licensed under CC BY 2.0 Page vi: “Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina” by gardnergp (https:// Page 36: “Reading the newspaper” by James Cridland (https://flic. flic.kr/p/4gJESU) is licensed under CC BY 2.0 kr/p/NpdZw) is licensed under CC BY 2.0 Page 5: “Participants writing on their new blogs” by David Brewer Page 44: “Karachi Street” by Mishari Muqbil (https://flic.kr/p/ (https://flic.kr/p/bBoixK) is licensed under CC BY 2.0 a98TgZ) is licensed under CC BY 2.0 Page 7: “Kosovo Basic Education Program” by Stephen Luke Page 46: “TEDxKarachi” by Nadir Siddiqui (https://flic.kr/p/8bJFGN) (https://flic.kr/p/fYgBaB) is licensed under CC BY 2.0 is licensed under CC BY 2.0 Page 8: “Riocinha Favela” by David Berkowitz (https://flic. -
Contitirenews FIFA World Cup™ Sets New Records
1 #6/2014 ContiTireNews ContiTireNews For the online version please click here: > English version #6/July 2014 > German version Editor responsible under press law: Continental/Division Tires Alexander Bahlmann Head of Media & Public Relations PLT FIFA World Cup™ sets new records – Buettnerstraße 25 | 30165 Hannover Phone: +49 511 938 2615 Continental was a visible player in Brazil E-Mail: [email protected] Author: Klaus Engelhart 2 #6/2014 ContiTireNews › Tournament in Brazil thrills billions of football fans around the world › Continental benefits worldwide from increase in brand awareness › Moments of high emotion bring people together “We’re all world champions,” proclaimed German › Germany is the only country to have com- national coach Joachim Löw at the welcome peted in every semi-final this millennium. home party for the team and coaches in front › The country’s 4:0 win in the opening game of 500,000 fans in Berlin. Visibly moved by was also Portugal’s heaviest defeat in the the occasion, he went on to thank all those who World Cup. contributed to Germany’s historic victory. › The 7:1 win over Brazil represented not only Roughly 36 hours earlier his team had defeated the heaviest World Cup defeat for a Brazilian Argentina in the World Cup final in Rio de Janeiro team, but also the largest winning margin with a 113th-minute goal from Mario Götze. of all time in a semi-final. This was Germany’s fourth World Cup triumph, › Miroslav Klose became the first player ever following similar success in 1954, 1974 and 1990. to appear in four World Cup semi-finals. -
Microcephaly in North-East Brazil
Research Microcephaly in north-east Brazil: a retrospective study on neonates born between 2012 and 2015 Juliana Sousa Soares de Araújo,a Cláudio Teixeira Regis,a Renata Grigório Silva Gomes,a Thiago Ribeiro Tavares,a Cícera Rocha dos Santos,a Patrícia Melo Assunção,a Renata Valéria Nóbrega,a Diana de Fátima Alves Pinto,a Bruno Vinícius Dantas Bezerraa & Sandra da Silva Mattosa Objective To assess the number of children born with microcephaly in the State of Paraíba, north-east Brazil. Methods We contacted 21 maternity centres belonging to a paediatric cardiology network, with access to information regarding more than 100 000 neonates born between 1 January 2012 and 31 December 2015. For 10% of these neonates, nurses were requested to retrieve head circumference measurements data from delivery-room books. We used three separate criteria to classify whether a neonate had microcephaly: (i) the Brazilian Ministry of Health proposed criterion: term neonates (gestational age ≥ 37 weeks) with a head circumference of less than 32 cm; (ii) Fenton curves: neonates with a head circumference of less than −3 standard deviation for age and gender; or (iii) the proportionality criterion: neonates with a head circumference of less than ((height/2))+10) ± 2. Findings Between 1 and 31 December 2015, nurses obtained data for 16 208 neonates. Depending on which criterion we used, the number of neonates with microcephaly varied from 678 to 1272 (4.2–8.2%). Two per cent (316) of the neonates fulfilled all three criteria. We observed temporal fluctuations of microcephaly prevalence from late 2012. Conclusion The numbers of microcephaly reported here are much higher than the 6.4 per 10 000 live births reported by the Brazilian live birth information system. -
Department of Economics- FEA/USP
Department of Economics- FEA/USP Crime and Economic Growth: A Case Study of Manaus, Brazil Pedro Drugowick Paula Pereda WORKING PAPER SERIES Nº 2019-19 DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMICS, FEA-USP WORKING PAPER Nº 2019-19 Crime and Economic Growth: A Case Study of Manaus, Brazil Pedro Drugowick ([email protected]) Paula Pereda ([email protected]) Abstract: Due to economic and social advances since the 1990s, Brazil became the 7th largest economy in the world in 2012. However, crime rates have not stopped rising since the beginning of the last decade, with Brazil having the 11th largest homicide rate on the planet in that year (UN). In this paper we estimate how much crime harms economic activity from a case study of the city of Manaus, where in 2007 the organized crime group known as “Família do Norte” was created. We analyzed the effects on Manaus’ GDP per capita using the synthetic control method. The comparison between Manaus and its synthetic control in the period after the creation of the criminal group showed that the presence of the criminal faction diminished the city’s GDP by 3% per year. Robustness checks confirmed this result, showing how organized crime can disrupt the country’s economic advances. Keywords: Crime and economic activity; Organized crime; Synthetic control method. JEL Codes: K32; O47; Z18. Crime and Economic Growth: A Case Study of Manaus, Brazil ABSTRACT Due to economic and social advances since the 1990s, Brazil became the 7th largest economy in the world in 2012. However, crime rates have not stopped rising since the beginning of the last decade, with Brazil having the 11th largest homicide rate on the planet in that year1.